北京旅游景点简单口语对话(天坛)Temple of Heaven
北京导游考试口试面试导游词之三 天坛
北京导游考试口试导面试游词之三天坛1、天坛概况及祈谷坛建筑群（介绍天坛的历史沿革、天坛布局特点、天坛被列入世界文化遗产的年代；祈谷坛建筑规制及祈年殿建筑特点、用途，附属建筑的功能；七星石、丹陛桥）。
天坛位于北京正阳门东南侧，始建于明朝永乐初年，至今已有600余年的历史。
天坛是明清两朝皇帝祭天和祈谷的场所，是中国也是世界上现存规模最大，形制最完备的的古代祭坛建筑群。
天坛平面布局呈“回”字形，北圆南方，象征天圆地方。
天坛分为内，外坛两部分，每年孟春祈谷大典在祈谷坛举行，冬至祭天在圜丘坛举行。
明清共有22位皇帝在这里举行过祭祀大典。
天坛不但以精美的古代祭坛建筑群闻名于世，也是北京城内最大的园林景观。
占地面积有273公顷，植被覆盖率达89%。
100年以上的古树名木就达3600余株之多。
在1998年被列入《世界遗产名录》。
明朝天坛主要分为两个时期，一个是天地合祀时期，一个是天地分开祭祀的时期。
明成祖朱棣迁都北京，在营建北京宫城的同时，建天地坛。
初建时为天地合祀，称天地坛。
主体建筑有大祀殿。
有9位明朝皇帝在天地坛举行过合祀天地大典。
嘉靖年间，将天地合祭改为天地分祭。
在原有的大祀殿的南面建圜丘，专门祭天。
又在北京城的北郊建了方泽坛，祭地；东郊建朝日坛，祭日；西郊建夕月坛，祭月。
嘉靖十七年时，把原来的大祀殿改成了我们今天看到的三层圆形攒尖顶，更名为大享殿。
三层圆顶又分别铺盖成了绿色、黄色、蓝色，三色琉璃瓦，在这里举行大享礼。
清代乾隆皇帝对天坛的礼制、建筑进行完善和相应的改变。
主要有六项：第一，改建斋宫。
第二，改天坛的内外坛墙为“夯土砖包墙”。
第三，扩建圜丘。
第四，把祈谷坛大享殿改称祈年殿，三色琉璃瓦统一成今天我们看到的蓝色。
第五，在天坛西侧增设圜丘坛门，两坛两门，规制更加严谨。
第六，改建皇穹宇。
将重檐改称单檐。
我们今天看到的天坛祈年殿是光绪年间重建的。
新中国成立后，党和政府对天坛进行了大规模的清理，部分建筑进行了修缮。
关于天坛介绍的英语作文
关于天坛介绍的英语作文Title: Exploring the Majestic Temple of Heaven。
The Temple of Heaven, located in Beijing, China, is a majestic architectural wonder that holds profound cultural and historical significance. Built during the Ming Dynasty in 1420, this masterpiece of Chinese architecture served as a sacred site for emperors to perform rituals and ceremonies to ensure good harvests and divine favor from the heavens. Today, it stands as a symbol of China's rich cultural heritage and continues to captivate visitors from around the world with its beauty and historical importance.At the heart of the Temple of Heaven complex lies the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests, a stunning wooden structure renowned for its intricate design and craftsmanship. This circular building, supported by wooden pillars and without a single nail, exemplifies the architectural brilliance of ancient China. Its triple-tiered roof, adorned with intricate carvings and vibrantcolors, is a testament to the skill and artistry of the craftsmen who built it.Surrounding the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests are various other pavilions, altars, and ceremonial buildings, each with its own unique significance. One notable structure is the Imperial Vault of Heaven, a smaller circular building located to the south of the main hall. Here, the emperor would store the symbolic tablets used in the rituals performed during the winter solstice ceremony.The Temple of Heaven is not only a marvel of architecture but also a reflection of ancient Chinese cosmology and religious beliefs. The layout of the complex is based on the principles of feng shui, with the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests representing the heavens and the Imperial Vault of Heaven symbolizing the earth. The entire complex is surrounded by a vast park, known as the Temple of Heaven Park, which provides a serene and tranquil atmosphere for visitors to stroll and admire the beauty of the surroundings.In addition to its architectural and cultural significance, the Temple of Heaven plays a vital role in preserving China's intangible cultural heritage.Traditional ceremonies and rituals, such as the worship of the god of agriculture and the annual Qingming Festival, are still practiced here, keeping alive ancient traditions that have been passed down through generations.Visiting the Temple of Heaven is not only a journey through China's rich history but also an opportunity to appreciate the profound spiritual and cultural legacy of the Chinese people. As one wanders through the ancienthalls and verdant gardens, it is impossible not to be awestruck by the beauty and grandeur of this UNESCO World Heritage Site.In conclusion, the Temple of Heaven stands as a testament to China's rich cultural heritage and architectural brilliance. From its magnificent wooden structures to its sacred rituals and ceremonies, it continues to inspire awe and admiration in all who visit. A trip to the Temple of Heaven is not just a sightseeingexcursion but a journey into the heart and soul of China itself.。
天坛中英文导游词（2）
天坛中英文导游词(2)英文范例：篇一：天坛概况、祈谷坛建筑群Today, well go to visit the Temple of Heaven. First, I'll give you a brief introduction of it. The Temple of Heaven is situated in the southern part of Beijing. It was first built in 1420 in the Ming Dynasty. It covers an area of 273 hectares. The Temple of Heaven is not only the largest group of temple building in China, but also the largest heaven-worshipping architecture in the world.Originally the Temple of Heaven was built according to the Temple of Heaven and Earth in Nanjing, so both heaven and earth were worshiped here, then it was called Temple of Heaven and Earth at that time. In 1530, another structure, Temple of Earth was built in the northern part of Beijing and the Heaven and Earth were worshipped separately. Since only Heaven was worshipped in here, it was renamed the Temple of Heaven.During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Temple of Heaven was the place where the emperors came to worship the God of Heaven and pray for good harvest. The emperors came here twice a year. The first time was on the 15 th day of the first lunar month. The emperor would come to the Hall of the prayer for Good Harvest and held a big ceremony to pray for a bumper harvest. The second time was on Winter Solstice, and a sacrificial ceremony would be held at the Circular Mount Altar to offer a sacrifice to the Heaven.Being a sacred place for worshipping heaven, the Temple of Heaven had been twice seriously damaged by the Anglo-French Allied Forces in 1860 and the invading troops of the eight powers in 1900.Architecturally speaking, the Temple of Heaven has two themes: the heave and the earth. The surrounding walls of the Temple of Heaven are 6 meters high with a semicircular wall to the north and square shaped wall to the south. This represents an ancient belief that the heaven was round and the earth was square. There are three main buildings in the Temple of Heaven, they are: the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests, the Imperial Heavenly Vault and the Circular Mound Altar.篇二：the Carcular Mound Altar(天坛圜丘坛建筑群)Ladies and Gentlemen:Welcome to the temple of Heaven. Today we are going to visit the circular mound altar. The Circular Mound Altar, which was built in 1530 and enlarged in 1740. There are two walls that encircle the altar. Both walls are painted red and surrounded by blue tiles. Each wall represents something different. The round inner wall represents heaven while the square outer wall represents earth.In the southeast corner, pine and cypress branches were burned in the green-tiled oven to welcome the gods from heaven. To bid farewell to the gods, human sacrifices were burned in the over. Next to the oven, there is a special pit called the Pit of Hair and Blood because the hair and blood of the sacrificial victims were buried here.In the southwest corner, a platform to hold a lantern pole can be seen. The pole was built in 1530 but its length changed several times. Originally, a golden dragon blue background was painted on the pole , later, the color of background was changed to red. The pole was last redecorated by Yuan Shikai, the warlord made the last sacrifice to Heaven.The Circular Mound Altar is comprised of three round white marble terraces. Each one is edged with a marble balustrade. The bottom marble terrace represents Hell, the middle terrace represents the Mortal World and the top terrace represents Heaven.And a kind of ancient yardstick was used to measure the length in “Zhang” (one “Zhang” is a littl e less than 3.5 meters)，the Upper terrace is 9 “Zhang”(30 meters) in diameter, the middle terrace is 15 “Zhang”(50 meters) in diameter and the bottom terrace 21 “Zhang”(70 meters) in diameter, and the numbers 1x9=9;3x5=15;3x7=21, include all the so called “Heavenly numbers” 1,3,5,7,9;and the total number of the three terraces is 45, the result of 9x5,which is in complete conformity with “the Supreme number of nine and five” in the “Book of Changes”。
天坛中英导游词
天坛中英导游词天坛中英导游词我们应该了解天坛才能够为游客更好的介绍?下面是小编为大家整理的天坛中英导游词，以便各位了解!各位游客，我们今天所要参观的就是以前皇帝祭天的地方——天坛。
Dear visitors, today we will visit the emperor worship was formerly place - the temple of heaven.明朝永乐皇帝迁都北京以后，在北京南城仿照南京的大祀殿建立了这作用于祭天的圣坛，占地面积达到了273万平方米。
主建筑是大祀殿，也就是今天祈年殿的位置上。
天坛有外坛墙和内坛墙，北面是圆形，南面是方形，取意天圆地方。
在一开始，祭天和祭地都是天坛，直到明嘉靖年间在北城修建了地坛，才分开的，并且新增了圜丘坛，用于孟冬祭天，把原来的大祀殿改为大享殿，专门用于孟春祈谷，当时殿宇屋顶已经是三重檐了，从上至下的蓝黄绿三色瓦分别代表了天地万物。
而在乾隆年间，有将大享殿改为现在的祈年殿，而将屋顶瓦片都改成了蓝色的琉璃瓦。
从而形成了今天我们所看到的这个世界上最大的祭天建筑群。
Ming yongle emperor after moved in Beijing enterprise of Beijing, the big site modeled nanjing is established for this role in praying to alter, covers an area of reached 273 million square meters. Lord architecture is big, is also the site of QiNianDian position today. The temple of heaven has outer wall and the altar, the north is round compound has wall, the south is square, take meaning nature round place. In the beginning, heaven and offering ground is the temple of heaven, until the jiajing years in beicheng built ditan, just separate, and new MengDong HuanQiu altar, for the original big praying to the site, and great temple, instead, when MengChun specially for the mega garden justhouse roof was three double-hipped roof, from top to bottom blue and yellow green colors representing the earthen universe. And in qianlong multiplied, instead of the house, and now QiNianDian with roof tiles blue glazed tile. Thus formed today what we see of the world's largest ceremonial buildings.可是这样一个祭天圣地，却也曾经在1860年时遭到英法联军的洗劫，继而在1900年的时候又遭到了八国联军的蹂躏。
英文介绍：北京天坛 Temple of Heaven
英文介绍：北京天坛 Temple of HeavenTemple of Heaven天坛Temple of Heaven is located in the southeast of Beijing and existed for more than 500 years. Temple of Heaven was built for emperors of Ming dynasties (1368-1644 AD) and Qing dynasties(1644-1912 AD) to worship the heaven. Temple of Heave is the largest and best-preserved architectural complex for sacrifice in China.Occupying an area of 2,720,000 square meters, the Temple of Heaven is slightly larger than the Forbidden City. There are two layers of walls around the Temple, dividing it into two parts： the inner enclosure and outer enclosure.The main buildings of the Temple include Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests, Imperial Heavenly Vault and Circular Mound Altar.1. The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest has three concentric circles of massive wood columns symbolizing the four seasons, 12 months and 12 daily hours.2. The Imperial Vault of Heaven is a smaller circular building constructed without crossbeams; its dome is supported by complicated span work.3. The Circular Mound Altar is a triple-tiered white stone terrace enclosed by two sets of walls that are square outsideand round inside, which are symbolic of the square earth and round heaven.Emperors of Ming and Qing dynasties held their ceremonies to worship the heaven in the Circular Mound Altar on winter solstice. Therefore the Circular Mound Altar also called "Heaven Worship Altar".The whole construction of the Temple of Heaven is made by wood so it is the architectural masterpiece of wood construction in China. Another marvelous and magnificent spot of the temple is Echo Wall(回音壁).When standing in the center of the Circular Mound Altar(圆丘坛), you can hear the bright sound which seems to come from the earth's core and sometimes from the sky.The design ideology of the Temple of Heaven manifests broad and vast sky. As for the aspect of distribution of building, the inner enclosure is situated on the east of north-south axis of outer enclosure; the Circular Mound Altar and Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests is located on the east of the axis of the inner enclosure. This layout makes the west part of the Temple wider.As the largest building complex for worshiping heaven in the world, the Temple of Heaven was inscribed on the list of the World Cultural Heritage in 1998.。
北京游玩景点英文作文
北京游玩景点英文作文英文：As a frequent traveler to Beijing, I have visited many famous tourist attractions. Here are some of my favorite places to visit in Beijing.1. The Great Wall of China。
The Great Wall of China is a must-see attraction when visiting Beijing. It is a symbol of China's rich history and culture. The wall stretches over 13,000 miles and was built over 2,000 years ago. It is an incredible feat of engineering and is truly a wonder of the world.2. The Forbidden City。
The Forbidden City was the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is a massive complex with over 9,000 rooms. The architecture is stunning and the history behindit is fascinating. It is a great place to learn about China's rich history.3. Temple of Heaven。
The Temple of Heaven was built in the 15th century and is a beautiful example of Chinese architecture. It was used by emperors to pray for good harvests and is a peaceful place to visit. The park surrounding the temple is also a great place to relax and enjoy the scenery.4. Summer Palace。
口语-天坛之行
T he visit to the T emple of HeavenA: Hi, what a coincidence! Here again.C: Yes. It’s real. Have you been here?B: No. This is our first time to visit it.D: Where have you been in the Temple of Heaven？A: We just visited the Circular Mound Altar. It was built in the 9th year of Ming Jiajing (1530). There are two walls encircling the altar. The outer wall is square while the inner one is round which meant the heaven was round and the earth was square.B:And at the center of the upper terrace lies a round stone surrounded by nine concentric rings of stones, called “Heaven’s Center Stone”. The number of stones in the first ring is 9, in the second 18 and so on, up to 81 in the 9th ring. When you stand in the center of the upper terrace and speak in a low voice, your echo will sound such louder to yourself than to others.A: Yes, we tried, and it’s true. What about you, anything interesting?C：We have gone to the Hall of Prayer for Good harvests, where the emperors prayed for favorable weather and ample harvest. It is the principle building of the altar, is thirty-eight meters high. It was built on a three-tiered circular terrace which measures six meters. The roof of the hall is covered with dark blue glazed tiles which represent the color of the sky. With three circular balusters on the terrace, the grand hall seems much loftier.A：Do you know the sacrificial culture?D: Yeah. It’s said that sacrifices to Heaven were arranged in winter every year. On the 15th day of the first lunar month, the emperor would go to the Temple of Heaven to worship Heaven, to pray for good harvests and rainfall, and to offer sacrifices to the ancestors, to the gods of the sun, the moon and the stars, and to the gods of the clouds, wind, rain, thunder and lightning.B: Is there any ceremonies?D: I really don’t know.A: Look, the famous Echo Wall is in front. It’s said that o ne person’s mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side if you draw your ear close to the wall.D: Really? Let me try. Cao Yunhui! Hey,Huihui, can you hear me?C: Yeah, it’s so clear that just like we are talking on the phone.D: Wow, it’s so miraculous! Do you know why?C：I don’t know.AB: Actually ,we don’t know very clearly. Let’s ask someone else.D: Look, it seems that he is a guide, we can ask him maybe.C: Ok. Excuse me…Hmm, Xiao Yang?E: Cao Yunhui? What a coincidence!C: Year. We regarded you as a guide just now. Now we have a problem , maybe you can help us.E: What is it ?C: I want to know why we can be clearly heard as talking on the phone when we stand by the Echo Wall?E: Oh. This is possible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth, solid bricks, so the sound wave can transmit to the other side via the extremely smooth inner circle.Abcd: Oh, so that is why it is! How (learned) erudite you are!B: Do you know the ceremonies about sacrifice?E: Yes. Sacrificial ceremonies followed complex procedures. First, the whole altar area had to be renewed from end to end, including the roads to be taken by the emperor. Second, the sacrifices, including oxen, goats, fruits, etc., had to be properly prepared and displayed in front of seven groups of spirit tablets. Third, one day before the formal ceremony, the emperor was obliged to burn joss sticks in the Imperial Vault of Heaven, to check the spirit tablets in the Circular Mound Altar.B: In the temple of Heaven, there are many sight spots we have not visited. Let’s finish it together.Abcde: OK. Let’s go!。
介绍北京的一处名胜古迹天坛英语作文
介绍北京的一处名胜古迹天坛英语作文The Temple of Heaven, located in Beijing, is a famous historical site and a must-see attraction for tourists from all over the world. It was originally built in 1420 during the Ming Dynasty and was used by emperors to pray for good harvests and to offer sacrifices to the gods.The Temple of Heaven is a complex of buildings and gardens, all designed with traditional Chinesearchitectural style. The main buildings include the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests, the Imperial Vault of Heaven, and the Circular Mound Altar. The complex is surrounded by a large park, where locals gather to practice tai chi, play traditional musical instruments, and participate in other cultural activities.The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests is the most well-known structure in the Temple of Heaven. Its unique design and intricate details make it a masterpiece of ancient Chinese architecture. The Hall is a triple-gabled circular building, constructed without nails, and is a prime example of the skill and craftsmanship of the ancient Chinese builders.The Imperial Vault of Heaven is another importantbuilding in the complex. It is a smaller, round buildingwith a blue roof, symbolizing the heavens. Inside the vault, there is a single, white marble platform known as the "Echo Wall" which has the unique acoustic property of echoing any sound made at one end of the wall to the other end.The Circular Mound Altar is an open-air platform usedfor the worship of the heavens. The circular design symbolizes the heavens, and the altar is made of white marble, representing purity and solemnity. The altar is a popular spot for visitors to take photos and to appreciate the beauty of the architecture and the surrounding gardens.In addition to the historical and cultural significanceof the Temple of Heaven, it also holds great importance in the lives of the local people. The park surrounding the complex is a popular gathering place for locals to socialize, exercise, and enjoy the natural beauty of the area. It is common to see groups of people practicing tai chi, playing traditional Chinese instruments, and engagingin other cultural activities.The Temple of Heaven is not only a historical site but also a living cultural heritage that continues to play an important role in the daily lives of the people in Beijing. Its architectural beauty, historical significance, and cultural relevance make it a must-visit destination for anyone traveling to Beijing.天坛，位于北京，是一处著名的历史遗迹，也是世界各地游客必去的景点。
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• The pillars, The 4 of them in the center symbolize the 4 seasons; the 12 pillars surrounding them symbolize the 12 months of the year whereas the 12 outside represent the 12 time divisions of the day. The inner pillars and outer pillars together stand for the 24 solar term or 24 divisions of the solar year in the traditional Chinese calendar.
Echo Wall
• Tow, both people must face north, so it is better to stand by the wall at the back of the two side chambers. The entrance of the courtyard prevents the voices from being heard by others. •
Imperial Vault of Heaven is for storing the table of god of Heaven, which was taken to the Alter on the occasion of ceremonies.
Three Echo Stones
• A handclap over the first stone produces a single echo, a handclap on the second stone, a double echo and a handclap on the third one, a triple echo.
The Hall of Prayer for Harvest
• In the Ming and Qing dynasties only the emperors could enter this temple to worship the God of Heaven and offer presents. No women were allowed even the empresses.
Temple of Heaven
• The Temple of Heaven is four times the size of the Forbidden City. Traditionally, this temple was for imperial use only, however, today it is a public park. It is one of the largest parks in Beijing. The Temple of Heaven was built in 1420,and was rebuilt in 1890 after being destroyed by lightening.
The Circular Mound Altar
• The Circular Mound Altar outside wall is square, whereas the inside wall is round.The square wall represents the Earth, and the round one, the Heaven. Legend has it that the Heaven is round and the Earth is square. The emperors visited the temple three times a year. On the 8th day of the first lunar month to pray for a good harvest; during the Summer solstice to pray for rain; and during Winter solstice to give thanks for a good harvest.
Echo Wall
• The Imperial Vault of Heaven is better known for the wall that surrounds it. This wall is called ”Echo Wall”. To be the most effective, a couple of conditions must exist. First, the courtyard can not be too noisy.
Temple of Heaven
• It was the place where the emperors worshipped the Heaven and prayed for good harvests. There are three main structures of most important historical interest in this park on one axis. • From the south , the first one is called the Circular Mound Altar, the second is called the Imperial Vault of Heaven. The last one is called the Hall of Prayer for good harvest.