关于高中英语句子成分和简单句的五种基本句型课件
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5) SVOC 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋补语
eg. They called him a fool. She found the children fast asleep.
*在阅读句子的时候，第一个任务就是要找到 谓语! *做谓语的动词有时态、语态和数的变化；还 有及物动词与不及物动词的区别。
基本句型1 Ｓ +Ｖ （主＋谓） 此句型的句子有一个共同特
状语
❖ 1. 修饰动词，形容词或副词, 状语类似于副 词。
❖ 2. 一般表示行为发生的时间，地点，目的，方 式，程度等意义。
❖ 3. 一般放句末，有的也可放在句首，句中。 He did it carefully. Without his help, we couldn’t work it out. In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard.
宾语和间接宾语。
She is playing the piano.
He often helps me.
He likes to sleep in the open air.
We enjoy living in China.
及物动词和不及物动词
❖ 及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词: see / hear / drank / eat / …
❖She smiled happily. ❖They laughed loudly.
❖ 如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助: ❖She look at the blackboard carefully. ❖He listened to his teacher in class. ❖They laughed at us after the match.
❖look / feel / taste / smell / sound / …看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去) 感官 动词
❖become / turn / get / grow / …变得
宾语
❖1. 是动作，行为的对象。 ❖2. 由名，代，或相当于名词的词，短语
来担任。 ❖3. 它和及物动词一起说明主语做什麽。 ❖4. 在谓语(及物动词后，)之后。分为直接
You look younger than before. I am a teacher. Everybody is here. My job is to teach them English. They are at home now.
系动词（必背）
❖be (am is are was were) / seem / keep /…是/好象(似乎)是/保持
点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达 完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词， 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状 语从句等。
Ｓ
1. Time 2. The moon 3. The man 4. We all 5. Everbody 6. I 7. They 8. He
高中英语句子成分和简单句的 五种基本句型
句子成分
❖组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分
❖它包括主，谓，宾，宾补，表（直宾， 间宾），定，状
❖主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。 表语，宾语和宾补是谓语里的组成部 分。
定语和状语是句子的次要部分。
句子成分的Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu成
句子的主干成分：
主语、谓语、宾语、表语
句子的次要成分：
英
简单句
语
的
句
并列句
子
结
构
复合句
*几个简单句用分号或并列连词连接起来构成并列句; *几个简单句可通过各种方式组合成含有主句和从句
的复合句。
简单句的五种句型
1）SV 主语＋谓语
eg. The telephone rang. His father might have died.
2) SVP 主语＋谓语＋表语
To teach them English is my job.
Surfing, diving and swimming are all water sports.
谓语
❖1. 说明主语“做什麽”，“是什麽”， 或“怎麽样”。
❖2. 必须用动词。 ❖3. 和主语在人称，数两个方面必须一致
（主谓一致）。 ❖4. 在主语后面。
定语、状语、补语、插入语、同位语
主语
❖1. 主语是谓语讲述的对象。 ❖2. 表示所说的“是什麽”，“是谁”， ❖3. 一般由名词，代词或相当于名词的词或
短语充当。 ❖4. 它在句首。
We study in No. 7 Middle School.
The classroom is very clean.
His parents are doctors.
She looks well.
We study hard.
We have finished reading the book.
He can speak English.
表语
❖1. 说明主语“怎麽样”，或“是什麽” 。
❖2. 位于在be动词, 系动词后面。
❖I saw him last week. ❖We heard the bad news yesterday. ❖They eat bread every day. ❖He drank a glass of milk just now.
❖ 不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的 动词: laugh / smile / look / listen / …
定语
❖ 用来修饰名词或代词。定语起类似于形 容词的修饰作用，
The black bike is mine. What is your name? They made paper flowers. The boys in the room are in Class Three, Grade Two. I have something to do.
eg. The plan sounds perfect. Frank is an artist.
3) SVO 主语＋谓语＋宾语
eg. I saw a bird. My sister enjoyed the play.
简单句的五种句型
4）SVOiOd 主语＋谓语+间接宾语＋直接宾语
eg. The lady gave Jack a watch. My father bought me a bicycle.
eg. They called him a fool. She found the children fast asleep.
*在阅读句子的时候，第一个任务就是要找到 谓语! *做谓语的动词有时态、语态和数的变化；还 有及物动词与不及物动词的区别。
基本句型1 Ｓ +Ｖ （主＋谓） 此句型的句子有一个共同特
状语
❖ 1. 修饰动词，形容词或副词, 状语类似于副 词。
❖ 2. 一般表示行为发生的时间，地点，目的，方 式，程度等意义。
❖ 3. 一般放句末，有的也可放在句首，句中。 He did it carefully. Without his help, we couldn’t work it out. In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard.
宾语和间接宾语。
She is playing the piano.
He often helps me.
He likes to sleep in the open air.
We enjoy living in China.
及物动词和不及物动词
❖ 及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词: see / hear / drank / eat / …
❖She smiled happily. ❖They laughed loudly.
❖ 如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助: ❖She look at the blackboard carefully. ❖He listened to his teacher in class. ❖They laughed at us after the match.
❖look / feel / taste / smell / sound / …看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去) 感官 动词
❖become / turn / get / grow / …变得
宾语
❖1. 是动作，行为的对象。 ❖2. 由名，代，或相当于名词的词，短语
来担任。 ❖3. 它和及物动词一起说明主语做什麽。 ❖4. 在谓语(及物动词后，)之后。分为直接
You look younger than before. I am a teacher. Everybody is here. My job is to teach them English. They are at home now.
系动词（必背）
❖be (am is are was were) / seem / keep /…是/好象(似乎)是/保持
点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达 完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词， 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状 语从句等。
Ｓ
1. Time 2. The moon 3. The man 4. We all 5. Everbody 6. I 7. They 8. He
高中英语句子成分和简单句的 五种基本句型
句子成分
❖组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分
❖它包括主，谓，宾，宾补，表（直宾， 间宾），定，状
❖主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。 表语，宾语和宾补是谓语里的组成部 分。
定语和状语是句子的次要部分。
句子成分的Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu成
句子的主干成分：
主语、谓语、宾语、表语
句子的次要成分：
英
简单句
语
的
句
并列句
子
结
构
复合句
*几个简单句用分号或并列连词连接起来构成并列句; *几个简单句可通过各种方式组合成含有主句和从句
的复合句。
简单句的五种句型
1）SV 主语＋谓语
eg. The telephone rang. His father might have died.
2) SVP 主语＋谓语＋表语
To teach them English is my job.
Surfing, diving and swimming are all water sports.
谓语
❖1. 说明主语“做什麽”，“是什麽”， 或“怎麽样”。
❖2. 必须用动词。 ❖3. 和主语在人称，数两个方面必须一致
（主谓一致）。 ❖4. 在主语后面。
定语、状语、补语、插入语、同位语
主语
❖1. 主语是谓语讲述的对象。 ❖2. 表示所说的“是什麽”，“是谁”， ❖3. 一般由名词，代词或相当于名词的词或
短语充当。 ❖4. 它在句首。
We study in No. 7 Middle School.
The classroom is very clean.
His parents are doctors.
She looks well.
We study hard.
We have finished reading the book.
He can speak English.
表语
❖1. 说明主语“怎麽样”，或“是什麽” 。
❖2. 位于在be动词, 系动词后面。
❖I saw him last week. ❖We heard the bad news yesterday. ❖They eat bread every day. ❖He drank a glass of milk just now.
❖ 不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的 动词: laugh / smile / look / listen / …
定语
❖ 用来修饰名词或代词。定语起类似于形 容词的修饰作用，
The black bike is mine. What is your name? They made paper flowers. The boys in the room are in Class Three, Grade Two. I have something to do.
eg. The plan sounds perfect. Frank is an artist.
3) SVO 主语＋谓语＋宾语
eg. I saw a bird. My sister enjoyed the play.
简单句的五种句型
4）SVOiOd 主语＋谓语+间接宾语＋直接宾语
eg. The lady gave Jack a watch. My father bought me a bicycle.