高考英语模拟试题1(济南外国语学校)2018年10月

济南外国语学校英语模拟试题一第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AGino Bartali’s story is one of the most dramatic examples during World War II of an Italian willing to risk his own life to save the lives of strangers. During his lifetime, Bartali didn't talk about his wartime activities. It was only after his death in 2000 that details began to emerge.Gino Bartali, a villager from a poor family, born in Florence in 1914, became a professional cyclist in 1935. He was reaching the peak of his career as the war approached. He won his first Giro d'Italia, one of the world’s biggest cycling races in 1936, retaining the title in 1937, and then in 1946. Much to Italy's delight, he won the Tour de France in1938 and 1948.At this point Bartali was asked to join a secret network offering protection and safe passages to Jews and other endangered people. His role in the network was uniquely suited to his talents - he became a courier（情报员）.On the face of it he was undertaking the long training rides, but in reality he was carrying photographs and counterfeit（伪造的）identity documents to and from a secret printing press.All were hidden in the frame and handlebars of his bicycle. He travelled thousands of kilometres across Italy, travelling the roads between cities as far apart as Florence, Lucca, Genoa, Assisi, and the Vatican in Rome. By taking on this role, he put himself at huge risk. At one point he was arrested and questioned by the head of the secret police in Florence, where he lived. In spite of knowing that the Germans were killing everybody who was hiding Jews, he still hid his Jewish friend. He was risking not only his life but also his family."When people were telling him, 'Gino, you're a hero', he would reply, 'No, no - I want to be remembered for my sporting achievements. Real heroes are others, those who have suffered in their soul, in their heart, in their spirit, in their mind, for their loved ones. Those are the real heroes. I'm just a cyclist.'"21. The underlined word in Paragraph 1 probably means ___________.A. appearB. downloadC. boomD. apply22. What can we learn about Gino Bartali?A. He hid messages in his suit.B. He founded a secret network.C. He won five champions in all.D. He was proud of his saving Jews.23. What did Gino Bartali hope to be remembered?A. A hero saving Jews.B. A man loving his family.C. A person fighting for his country.D. A cyclist making great achievement.BAnyone can be a scientist —if they are willing to work hard. Sometimes, though, kids don’t get that message.An adult may tell them outright that science or math is not for them. Often, however, the message will be more subtle(微妙的).Some teacher, parent or role model may say or do something to make a child think that they aren’t — and cannot be — good at science, technology, engineering or math (STEM).In the United States and many other countries, society has created some stereotypes —commonly accepted attitudes —that fight the idea that STEM is for all. For instance, there’s a stereotype in American culture that boys are better at math and girls are better at reading. This isn’t true. Yet students “pick up on these societal stereotypes very early,” says Susan Levine. And scientists are just beginning to understand how that happens.“It’s very helpful to be STEM educated,” notes Levine, a developmental psychologist at the University of Chicago in Illinois. Being comforta ble with math, especially, “is related not just to STEM career paths but longevity, survival, health,” she points out. Science and math also are useful in many everyday tasks, from cooking to taking medicines.But whether children and teens feel they have a talent for science and math is more complex than just the impressions they might pick up from society, notes Jacue Ecc. She works at the University of California, Irvine. There, she studies why people make the choices they do about jobs and education. People use all types of information to decide how good they are at something, she says. They consider how well they do on tests. They pay attention to how hard they have to work to master certain topics at school. They listen to their parents, teachers and peers. They also look at whether people they want to follow — role models — are doing science.24. What are kids often told?A. They need to work hard.B. They are not good at STEM.C. They should love parents and teachers.D. They need support from their families.25. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. different types of stereosB. all sorts of prejudicesC. fixed social impression or attitudeD. common ways of seeing things26. What does Levine think of science and math?A. They are of much use in our daily life.B. They are not related to STEM business.C. They are helpful and comfortable to educate.D. They are paths to stay healthy with medicines.27. What does the last paragraph tell us?A. Children make choices only by admiring othersB. Choosing to do science or math is too complicatedC. Why Jacue Ecc studies people’s choices to do science or mathD. How people choose jobs and education according to their interestCMany people say they wouldn't cheat on a test, lie on a job application or refuse to help a person in need. But what if you have to face the test answers and cheating didn't require any work on your part? If you didn't have to face the person who needed your help and refuse them? Would that change your behavior?New research shows it might. In two studies that tested participants' willingness to behave immorally, the research team discovered people will behave badly -- if it doesn't involve too much work on their part.In one study, participants took a math test on a computer after being warned there were problems in the system. One group was told if they pressed the space bar, the answer to the question would appear on the screen. The second group was told if they didn't press the enter key within five seconds, the answer would appear. "People in the second group -- those who didn't have to physically press a button to get the answers -- were much more likely to cheat," says Associate Psychology Professor Michael Inzlicht, second author on the study.In another study, the team asked participants whether they would volunteer to help a student with a learning disability complete a component（组成部分）of the test. One group of participants had only the freedom to check a 'yes' or 'no' box on the computer. The second group of people could follow a link at the bottom of the page to volunteer their help or simply press 'continue' to move on to the next page of their test. Participants were five times more likely to volunteer when they had to pick either 'yes' or 'no.'"When people are faced with actively doing the right thing or the wrong thing, there are a lot of emotions involved -- such as guilt and shame -- that guide them to make the moral choice. When the transgression（违反准则）is more passive, however, we saw more people doing the wrong thing, and we believe this is because the moral emotions in such situations are probably less serious." Teper says."Forcing people to make an active, moral decision is going to be much more effective than allowing them to passively skip over a request," he says.28. What is the new research mainly about?A. People behave badly if not required too much on their part.B. Most of the tested participants wouldn’t cheat or tell lies.C. It’s too difficult to behave badly for people.D. People are unwilling to behave immorally.29. The underlined word “immorally” in Paragrap h 2 can be replaced by _________.A. positivelyB. badlyC. indifferentlyD. cautiously30. In the first study, people in Group 2 were much more likely to cheat because ______.A. They were asked to do so.B. It doesn’t involve too much work on their part.C. They can get fun from it.D. It’s typical of them to cheat.31. What should we do to guide people to make moral choice?A. Allow them to passively skip over the request.B. Make them feel guilty to avoid bad behavior.C. Force them to make a moral decision.D.Try to involve as many as emotions.DThis time of year many of us decide to get back into shape. But if you are having trouble fitting into your tight jeans, it may not be your fault. Scientists now believe that willpower alone is not enough to lose weight. They say success depends on your genes, hormones and psychology.A study of 75 people by Oxford and Cambridge Universities has looked into why one-size-fits-all diets are often not successful. The scientists divided over-eaters into three groups – people who feast, people who constantly crave food and emotional eaters. They tailored diets to the needs of each group.Feasters can’t stop eating once they start. This is because they don’t have the hormones that tell them when they are full. Scientists designed a diet for this group featuring high protein foods that make them feel full for a long time. This included fish, chicken, basmati rice and grains. Bread and potatoes were not allowed because they do not fill you up for long.Constant cravers always feel hungry. Scientists say that certain genes disrupt the messages the stomach sends to the brain saying it is full, meaning the cravers always feel like they need more fatty, sugary food. Dieting seven days a week is very hard for these people, so scientists put them on a normal, healthy diet five days a week, and cut their calorie intake to 800 on two days a week. Emotional eaters have got into the habit of eating whenever they feel stressed. To help them change this behavior, scientists offered them group support in meetings and online as well as a diet. During the study, people from all three groups lost weight on the tailored diets, with feasters losing the most and constant cravers losing the least.So what about you? If any of the eating habits sound familiar, perhaps you should consider a new approach to slimming for 2015.32. Which of the following is proper for feasters?A.Eat more high protein foods.B.Take a normal diet five days a week.C.Support each other in groups.D.Just eat fish, chicken and grains.33. Constant cravers feel like more food because of their _______A.bad habitB. genesC. hormonesD. weak willpower34. What can we infer from the text?A.You can lose weight with strong willpower.B.One-size-fits-all diets are not successful.C.Emotional eaters losing the most on the tailored diets.D.Different people should try different methods to lose weight.35. The text is probably taken from ________.A.science fictionB. a student bookC. a scientific reportD. a bulletin board第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。