神经系统英文选择题及答案
心理学考试题及答案英文
心理学考试题及答案英文1. What is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes called?A. SociologyB. PsychologyC. BiologyD. AnthropologyAnswer: B2. According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, which part of the mind is responsible for moral conscience and judgment?A. IdB. EgoC. SuperegoD. LibidoAnswer: C3. What is the term for the phenomenon where a person's behavior is influenced by the presence of others, even when they are not interacting?A. Social FacilitationB. GroupthinkC. DeindividuationD. Social LoafingAnswer: A4. Which of the following is not a stage in Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?A. Trust vs. MistrustB. Industry vs. InferiorityC. Identity vs. Role ConfusionD. Self-Actualization vs. StagnationAnswer: D5. In the context of learning theory, what is the term for the process by which behavior is changed through the consequences that follow it?A. Classical ConditioningB. Operant ConditioningC. Social LearningD. Cognitive DissonanceAnswer: B6. What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where people tend to remember information that confirms their pre-existing beliefs or expectations?A. Confirmation BiasB. Availability HeuristicC. AnchoringD. Illusory CorrelationAnswer: A7. Which of the following is a characteristic of a Type A behavior pattern?A. Competitiveness and a sense of urgencyB. Relaxation and a laid-back attitudeC. Low levels of hostility and aggressionD. High levels of patience and toleranceAnswer: A8. What is the term for the process by which a person's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by their perception of the self?A. Self-Perception TheoryB. Self-Efficacy TheoryC. Self-Fulfilling ProphecyD. Social Identity TheoryAnswer: C9. Which of the following is not a component of the Big Five personality traits?A. OpennessB. ConscientiousnessC. Emotional StabilityD. AgreeablenessE. HumorAnswer: E10. What is the term for the tendency of people to attribute their own behavior to external factors, while attributing the same behavior in others to internal factors?A. Fundamental Attribution ErrorB. Self-Serving BiasC. Actor-Observer BiasD. Halo EffectAnswer: A。
神经英文选择题
“Neuroscience and Bahavior” Middle-Term Self-Assessment(week2, week3 and week4)Class_____________ Name____________ No.____________ Score_________1. The following regions have mainly GABAergic output neurons:(A) The pars compacta of the substantia nigra(B) The frontal cortex(C) The external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe)(D) The subthalamic nucleus2. Striatal efferent neurons:(A) Project directly to the cerebral cortex(B) Project directly to the thalamus(C) Project directly to the subthalamic nucleus(D) Are GABAergic3. In the direct pathway through the basal ganglia, neurons in GPi project primarily to the:(A) Substantia nigra, pars compacta.(B) Ventral anterior (VA)/ ventral lateral (VL) nuclei of the thalamus(C) Ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus.(D) Subthalamic nucleus4. The major reason why carbidopa is of value in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease is that the compound:(A) crosses the blood brain barrier and inhibits aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase in the CNS.(B) inhibits monoamine oxidase A in the periphery.(C) inhibits aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase in the periphery.(D) is converted to the false transmitter carbidopamine in the periphery.5. In Huntington’s disease:(A) The main pathological lesion is cell loss in the cerebellum.(B) The direct pathway of the basal ganglia is primarily affected early in the disease.(C) The symptoms are believed to result from loss of neurons in the GPe.(D) The symptoms are believed to result from increased inhibition of the subthalamic nucleus.6. Which of the following is an example of a declarative memory?(A) Memory of the sensation of touching a flame(B) Memory of a phone number(C) Memory of how to ride a bike(D) Memory of the smell of your grandmother’s kitchen7. The pathology of Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by which of the following?(A) A pronounced loss of A4/Abeta protein in hippocampus and temporal lobe(B) Abundant neurofibrillary tangles in the thalamus and midbrain(C) Hydrocephalus ex vacuo(D) An accumulation of the synaptic protein, synaptophysin(E) Large numbers of cells that contain Pick’s bodies8. Which of the following characterize anterograde amnesia?(A) Loss of both declarative and nondeclarative memories(B) Inability to form new nondeclarative memories(C) Loss of old declarative memories(D) Inability to form new declarative memories(E) Loss of old nondeclarative memories9. In Patient HM, the surgery had profound effect on:(A) Personality(B) Declarative memory(C) Intelligence(D) Attention(E) Non-declarative memory10. Which of the following statements is wrong?(A)Habituation involves an activity-dependent presynaptic depression of synaptic transmission.(B) Sensitization involves presynaptic facilitation of synaptic transmission.(C) Certain forms of implicit memeory involve the cerebellum and amygdala.(D) Damage restricted to specific subregions of the hippocampus is sufficient to impair implicit memory storage.11. All aspects of the brains behavior are due to(A) personalities(B) psychons(C) social factors(D) the activities of neurons .(E) some unknown force12. Which statement is correct?(A) The endocrine system differs from most of the other organ systems of the body in that the various glands are anatomically connected and form a system in the functional sense.(B) The endocrine system differs from most of the other organ systems of the body in that the various glands are anatomically connected but do not form a system in the functional sense.(C) The endocrine system differs from most of the other organ systems of the body in that the various glands are not anatomically connected; however, they do form a system in the functional sense. (D) The endocrine system differs from most of the other organ systems of the body in that the various glands are not anatomically connected, neither do they form a system in the functional sense.(E) The endocrine system does not show difference from the other organ systems of the body.13. Below are some hormones and releasing factors except for(A) Prolactin Releasing Hormone(B) Gonadotropin Hormone(C) Corticotropin Releasing Hormone(D) Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone(E) Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone14. Glucocorticoids comes mainly from(A) hypothalamus(B) adrenal medulla(C) pituitary (gland)(D) Zona glomerulosa of adrenal cortex(E) Zona fasciculate of adrenal cortex15. Which statement is wrong:(A) Biogenic amines are cleared in principle by reuptake into terminals via specific transporters, which can be the target of psychoactive agents and drugs(B) Serotoninergic neurons are located in the locus coerulus along the midline of the brainstem(C) Serotonin major targets include all neocortical areas (frontal etc.), limbic cortex (temporal lobe), amygdala, hippocampus etc.(D) Histamine major targets include all neocortical areas (frontal etc.), limbic cortex (temporal lobe), amygdala, hippocampus etc.(E) Mesolimbic DA may mediate rewarding effects of naturally rewarding stimuli.16. Below are some biogenic amines except for(A) acetylcholine(B) norepinephrine(C) epinephrine(D) histamine(E) dopamine17. Below are some typical symptoms of addiction except for(A) Irrational beliefs(B) Loss of control(C) Urges / cravings(D) Admit(E) Compulsive thinking18. Which statement is wrong concerning neurotransmitters effect in alcohol addiction?(A) decreased serotonin causes impulsivity, disinhibition(B) decreased dopamine causes pleasure, reward, and craving(C) stimulates opiates thus causes euphoria(D) stimulates GABA thus causes sedation and hypnotic(E) inhibits glutamate thus causes amnesia and learning impairments19. According to DSM-IV-TR list, which description is correct?(A) Bipolar I: one or more manic episodes with or without major depressive episodes.(B) Bipolar II: manic episodes as well as at least one major depressive episode.(C) Cyclothymia: a presence or history of hypomanic episodes with periods of depression that can meet criteria for major depressive episodes.(D) Cyclothymia: a presence or history of manic episodes with periods of depression that do not meet criteria for major depressive episodes.(E) Bipolar NOS (Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise Specified): a catch-all diagnosis that is used to indicate bipolar illness that fit into the other diagnostic categories.20. HPA-axis hyperactivity may be frequently caused by the factors below except for(A) GR and MR SNPs(B) Nicotine/DES during pregnancy(C) Stroke of the right hemisphere(D) Child abuse/neglect(E) Stressors in adulthood“Neuroscience and Bahavio r”Middle-Term Self-Assessment(week 5 and week 6)Class_____________ Name____________ No.____________ Score_________1. The v-SNARE involved in helping synaptic vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane is:A. SynaptobrevinB. SNAP-25C. SynaptotagminD. Dynamin2. Acetylcholine receptors on postsynaptic muscle fibers form ion channels that are permeable to:A. Na<SUB+< b>B. K+C.Ca2+D.All of the aboveE. None of the above, these acetylcholine receptors form channels selectively permeable to Cl- ions.3. Miniature end plate potentials (or mEPPs) at the neuromuscular junction are produced by:A. Activation of a single acetylcholine receptorB. Acetylcholine released by a single presynaptic fiber action potential.C. Activation of a single presynaptic, voltage-activated calcium channelD. Release of a single vesicle from the presynaptic terminal4. Nodes of RanvierA. Are present on non-myelinated nerves.B. Are sites of action potential failure in demyelinating diseasesC. Contain high concentrations of sodium channels.D. Are found on dendrites.5. What’s not the feature of electrical synapse.A. Faster, with no delayB. Transmission is bidirectionalC. The pore is larger than that of the voltage-gated ion channelD. Has synaptic vesicle6. What’s not the feature of chemical synapse?A. Symmetric in structure.B. Synaptic cleft is about 20 nm.C. Has synaptic vesicleD. Has postsynaptic density7. What is the mainly excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter?A. AcetylcholineB. GlutamateC. GABAD. Glycine8. What is not the feature of neurotransmitter release?A. Quantal releaseB. RecycelingC. SNARE complex-dependentD. Calcium independent9. The effect of tetanospasmin to cause clinical manifestation isA. Affect the synthesis of neurotransmitterB. Affect the release of neurotransmitterC. Affect the recycling of neurotransmitterD. Bind to the receptor and block it.10. A-bungarotoxin is 74-amino-acid toxin and blocks transmission by irreversibly binding toA. muscle nAch receptorB. neuronal nAch receptorC. glutamate receptorD. neuronal mAch receptor.11. The fetal alcohol syndrome does not have the following features:A. IQ<70B. Growth deficiencyC. Head and facial abnormalitiesD. Prenatal alcohol exposure.12. The correct passway of the generation of neurons isA. embryonic stem cells neural progenitors neural stem cells differentiated cellsB. embryonic stem cells neural stem cells neural progenitors differentiated cellsC. neural stem cells embryonic stem cells neural progenitors differentiated cellsD. embryonic stem cells neural stem cells differentiated cells neural progenitors13. The growth cone of axon is different from other part of the axon such as (multiple choice)A. has mitochondriaB. rich in microtubuleC. rich in actinD. rich in guidance cues14. Which one of the following is not correct about the neural circuits development?A. The circuits grow by precisely guided mechanisms in a direct, perfectly matched manner.B. More neurons are born than are neededC. programmed cell death play a central role in the formation of neural circuitsD. only those neurons survive that make connections to appropriate target neurons.15. The neural crest cells can be developed into many tissue exceptA. spinal cordB. Peripheral nervous systemC. GangliaD. neurosecretory cells of the adrenal gland16．The effects of behavioral experiences on the nervous system in childhood and adolescence are that they: A．have little effect on the structure of the nervous system.B．help to ‘program’ the ac tivity of neural circuits that are fully formed at birthC．help to shape neural circuits by influencing regressive events (e.g. pruning)D．are always less important than genetic factors in determining function17．Prenatal alcohol exposure increases the risk for certain problems, depending on when in fetal development the exposure occurs. The correct matching of the trimesters and their associated risks are:A．1st trimester: growth deficiency; 3rd trimester: facial dysmorphology.B．2nd trimester: facial dysmorphology; 3rd trimester: miscarriage.C．1st trimester: facial dysmorphology; 3rd trimester: growth deficiency.D．1st trimester: growth deficiency; 2nd trimester: cardiac defects.18．Which of the following statements about ocular dominance columns in the primary visual cortex is correct? A．In a normal neonate, afferent fibers representing the right and left eye overlap.B．The proportion of afferent fibers representing the right or left eye in the primary visual cortex is predetermined by genetic programs.C If there is monocular deprivation during the developmental ‘critical period’, the proportion of afferent fibers representing the deprived eye will increase.D．Changes caused by a temporary monocular deprivation during the developmental ‘critical period’ can be restored to normal by proper training in adults.E．Monocular deprivation in adults leads to changes in afferent fiber distribution that are similar to those caused by monocular deprivation during development.19．During the development of neural circuits, which of the following ultimately regulates the number of neurons? A．Retinoic acid levelsB．Genetically programmed numbers of cell divisionsC．Laminin availabilitD. Target cell-derived factorsE. Chemoattractive cues20. During embryogenesis, neurons and glia are generated in massive numbers. Which of the following statements about this process is true?A. Neuroblasts and glioblasts derive directly from embryonic stem cells.B. Neural progenitors are concentrated just beneath the outer surface of the rapidly growing neural tube.C. Cell migration plays a minor role in neural development.D. Symmetric cell division is the principle means of generating cell diversity.E. During formation of the cerebral cortex, newly born neurons migrate past older ones。
生物医学英语试题及答案
生物医学英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is the most common type of cancer in the world?A. Lung cancerB. Breast cancerC. Prostate cancerD. Colorectal cancer答案：A2. The term "pathogen" refers to:A. A substance that causes diseaseB. A person who has a diseaseC. An organism that causes diseaseD. A symptom of a disease答案：C3. What is the primary function of red blood cells?A. To carry oxygenB. To fight infectionsC. To clot bloodD. To regulate body temperature答案：A4. The nervous system is divided into two main parts: thecentral nervous system and the:A. Peripheral nervous systemB. Autonomic nervous systemC. Sympathetic nervous systemD. Parasympathetic nervous system答案：A5. Which of the following is a characteristic of a viral infection?A. Presence of bacteria in the bloodB. Inflammation of the heartC. Infection by a virusD. Infection by a fungus答案：C6. The hormone responsible for the regulation of blood sugar levels is:A. InsulinB. Thyroid hormoneC. CortisolD. Adrenaline答案：A7. What is the term for the process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment?A. HomeostasisB. MetabolismC. Circadian rhythmD. Immunity答案：A8. The largest organ in the human body is:A. The brainB. The liverC. The skinD. The heart答案：C9. Which of the following is a type of connective tissue?A. Muscle tissueB. Nervous tissueC. Epithelial tissueD. Cartilage答案：D10. The process of cell division that results in two identical cells is called:A. MitosisB. MeiosisC. ApoptosisD. Cytokinesis答案：A二、填空题（每空1分，共20分）1. The study of the structure of organisms is called__________.答案：anatomy2. The process by which cells extract energy from nutrients is known as __________.答案：metabolism3. The basic unit of heredity is the __________.答案：gene4. The medical specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the heart and blood vessels is called __________.答案：cardiology5. The hormone that stimulates the growth and development of bones and muscles is __________.答案：growth hormone6. The study of the causes and effects of diseases is called __________.答案：pathology7. The body's response to injury or infection is known as__________.答案：inflammation8. The process by which the body gets rid of waste products is called __________.答案：excretion9. The largest gland in the human body is the __________.答案：liver10. The study of the nervous system is called __________.答案：neurology三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1. Explain the role of the immune system in defending the body against infections.答案：The immune system plays a crucial role in defending the body against infections by recognizing and eliminating harmful pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and otherforeign substances. It consists of various cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body. When a pathogen enters the body, the immune system responds by activating white blood cells and producing antibodies that target and neutralize the invaders. This response helps to prevent the spread of infection and promotes healing and recovery.2. Describe the process of respiration in humans.答案：Respiration in humans is a process that involves the exchange of gases, primarily oxygen and carbon dioxide, between the body and the environment. It consists of two main stages: inhalation and exhalation. During inhalation, air containing oxygen is drawn into the lungs through the nose or mouth, then travels down the trachea and into the bronchi, which branch into smaller tubes called bronchioles. The bronchioles end in tiny air sacs called alveoli, where the exchange of gases occurs. Oxygen from the air diffuses across the thin walls of the alveoli into the bloodstream, where itbinds to hemoglobin in red blood cells. At the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste product of cellular respiration, diffuses from the blood into the alveoli. During exhalation, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, causing the chest cavity to decrease in size and forcing the carbon dioxide-rich air out of the lungs. This cycle of inhal。
初二英语人体生理练习题40题含答案解析
初二英语人体生理练习题40题含答案解析1. We use our ____ to see the beautiful world.A. earsB. eyesC. noseD. mouth答案：B。
解析：本题考查人体器官的功能及相关英语表达。
根据常识，我们用眼睛看世界，“eyes”是眼睛的复数形式。
选项A“ears”是耳朵，耳朵用于听；选项C“nose”是鼻子，用于闻气味；选项D“mouth”是嘴巴，用于吃东西、说话等，所以正确答案是B。
2. When you have a cold, your ____ may be blocked.A. eyesB. earsC. noseD. hands答案：C。
解析：当感冒时，鼻子可能会堵塞。
“nose”表示鼻子，这是与感冒症状相关的人体生理知识。
选项A眼睛、选项B耳朵、选项D手，都与感冒时堵塞的情况无关，所以答案为C。
3. My sister can't hear well. There may be something wrong with her ____.A. eyesB. earsC. noseD. legs答案：B。
解析：如果一个人听力不好，那很可能是耳朵有问题。
“ears”就是耳朵的意思。
选项A眼睛与听力无关；选项C鼻子与听力没有直接联系；选项D腿也和听力没有关联，所以正确答案是B。
4. The ____ can help us keep our balance.A. eyesB. earsC. noseD. feet答案：B。
解析：耳朵可以帮助我们保持平衡，这是人体生理的一个重要知识。
“ears”在这里是正确的。
选项A眼睛主要功能是看；选项C鼻子主要用于闻；选项D脚主要用于行走等，与保持平衡的直接联系不如耳朵，所以答案为B。
5. We should protect our ____ from the strong sunlight.A. eyesB. earsC. noseD. hair答案：A。
心理学英语考试试题及答案
心理学英语考试试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The term "psychology" comes from the Greek words "psyche" meaning soul and "logos" meaning _______.A. speechB. studyC. knowledgeD. mindAnswer: B2. Which of the following is NOT a branch of psychology?A. Clinical psychologyB. Social psychologyC. Behavioral psychologyD. Chemical psychologyAnswer: D3. The study of how people think, feel, and behave is known as _______.A. SociologyB. PsychologyC. AnthropologyD. EconomicsAnswer: B4. Sigmund Freud is known for his contributions to which area of psychology?A. Behavioral psychologyB. Cognitive psychologyC. PsychoanalysisD. Positive psychologyAnswer: C5. The process of remembering and forgetting information is studied in the field of _______.A. PerceptionB. CognitionC. MemoryD. EmotionAnswer: C二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）6. The scientific study of behavior and mental processes is called __________.Answer: Psychology7. The theory that emphasizes the role of reinforcement in shaping behavior is known as __________.Answer: Behaviorism8. The unconscious mind, according to Freud, contains repressed thoughts and feelings that can influence __________. Answer: Behavior9. The process of forming associations between stimuli is known as __________.Answer: Conditioning10. The study of how people perceive and interpret the social world around them is known as __________.Answer: Social psychology三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）11. Explain the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.Answer: Intrinsic motivation refers to the internal drive to engage in an activity for its own sake, without external rewards or pressures. Extrinsic motivation, on the other hand, involves engaging in an activity because of external rewardsor pressures, such as money, grades, or approval from others.12. Describe the stages of Piaget's theory of cognitive development.Answer: Piaget's theory of cognitive development includes four stages: Sensorimotor (birth to 2 years), where infants learn through sensory and motor experiences; Preoperational(2 to 7 years), where children begin to use symbols and language; Concrete Operational (7 to 11 years), wherechildren start to think logically about concrete events; and Formal Operational (11 years and up), where adolescents can think abstractly and hypothetically.四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）13. Discuss the impact of cognitive biases on decision-making.Answer: Cognitive biases are systematic errors inthinking that affect the decisions and judgments that people make. They can lead to irrational choices, confirmation bias where individuals seek out information that confirms their preconceptions, and overconfidence in one's own abilities. These biases can have significant impacts on personal, professional, and political decision-making, often leading to suboptimal outcomes.14. Explain the role of attachment in early childhood development.Answer: Attachment is a strong emotional bond that forms between a child and their primary caregiver. It plays acrucial role in early childhood development by providing a secure base from which the child can explore the environment, learn, and develop social skills. Secure attachment is associated with better emotional regulation, higher self-esteem, and more effective social relationships later in life.结束语This examination paper aims to assess the understanding of fundamental concepts and theories in psychology, as well asthe ability to apply psychological knowledge to various scenarios. It is hoped that through this assessment, students will deepen their comprehension of psychology and enhancetheir analytical skills.。
神经病学英文版试卷及答案D-Neurology examination paper D-lwx
Time: 90 mins Direction: There is only one correct answer from the answer list. Choose the correct answer and blacken the corresponding letter on your answer sheet with your pen or pencil. 1.In a reflex arc, which component represents muscle or gland? （D ） A.association neuron B.receptor C.sensory neuron D.effector 2.A neuron that travels through the oculomotor nerve to an extrinsic mescle of the eye is of what type? （ B ） A.afferent B.efferent C.association D.effector 3.Which of the following is not part of the cerebrum? （A ） A.thalamus B.corpus callosum teral ventricle D.basal nuclei 4.Which of the following would be considered sensory in function? （B ） A.terminal ganglion B.posterior root ganglion C.anterior ramus D.anterior root 5.Which of the following are associated with the PNS? （E ） A.anterior root B.posterior ramus C.anterior funiculus D.olfactory tract E.A and B 6.Autonomic ganglia located on either side of the vertebral column are （B ） A.prevertebral teral C.parasympathetic D.collateral E.B and C 7.Which of the following have their cell bodies located in ganglia? （E ） A.somatic motor neuron B.afferent neuron C.preganglionic neuronD.postganglionic neuronE.B and D 8.Which are associated with cerebrospinal fluid ? （E ） A.cerebral aqueduct teral ventricle C.choroid plexus D.subarachnoid space E.all are 9.Which combinations are correct? （E ） A.corpus callosum —diencephalon B.corpa quadrigemina —midbrain C.cortex —cerebellum D.all are E.all but B 10.Neuron cell bodies are located in （ E ） A.horns of the spinal cord B.meninges C.basal nuclei D.cortex E.all but B 11.Which of the following cranial nerves does not have parasympathetic fibers? （ B ） A.oculomotor B.accessory C.facial D.vagus 12.In a reflex arc, which component represents a muscle or gland? （ D ） A.association neuron B.receptor C.sensory neuron D.effector 13.The major reason why carbidopa is of value in the treatment of Parkinson’s diseaseis that the compound: （ C ）S t u d e n t N o .: N a m e ： A d m i s s i o n Y e a r (C l a s s )： M a j o r ：A.crosses the blood brain barrier and inhibits aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase in the CNS.B.inhibits monoamine oxidase A in the periphery.C.inhibits aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase in the periphery.D.is converted to the false transmitter carbidopamine in the periphery.14.The lesion is associated with deep and shallow sensory disturbance, accompanied by spontaneous pain and hypersensitivity, the lesion in [C]A.parietal sensory cortex.B.internal capsule or basal gangliaC.thalamusD. mesencephalicE.bridge brain15.Female, 62 years old, speech is not clear in the morning, the right limb weakness, two days after the illness gradually aggravated. Bp 105/82mmHg, consciousness, motor aphasia, right hemiplegia, can be completely excluded in the diagnosis of [C]A.cerebral embolismB.cerebral thrombosisC.transient ischemic attackD. cerebral hemorrhagecunar cerebral infarction16.The symptoms of peripheral hypoglossal paralysis do not include [B]A. unilateral paralysis, the tip of the tongue is biased toward the paralytic side when protruding the tongue.B. unilateral paralysis, the tip of the tongue is biased toward the contralateral of paralytic side when protruding the tongue.C.bilateral paralysis, tongue can not be protruded or can be restricted.D.associated with muscle atrophy and fasciculation.E.Electrophysiological examination showed degeneration reaction17.The posterior temporal gyrus was [C]A. the olfactory centerB.the visual centerC.the auditory centerD.the cortex motor centerE.the cortex sensory senter18.Male, 61 years old, suddenly coma for 1 hours. The head CT shows the 3cm x 3cm x 6cm high density shadow in the right hemisphere. The most likely diagnosis is [B].A.syncopeB.cerebral hemorrhageC.cerebral embolismD.cerebral thrombosisE. hypertensive encephalopathy19.The characteristics of the muscle tension changes in the upper motor neuron were usually [A].A.flexor muscle tension of upper extremity is high; extensor muscle tension of lower extremity is high.B.extensor muscles tension of upper extremity is high, flexor muscle tension of lower extremity is highC. flexor muscle tension of upper and lower extremity is high.D. extensor muscle tension of upper and lower extremity is high.E. the tension of the flexor muscle and the extensor muscle of the upper and lower limbs is high.20.If the lesion can cause the loss of algesia and temperature sensation on the one side of the face and the other side of the body, it locate in the [D]A.midbrain dorsal coverB.dorsum of the bridge brainC.basal part of the bridge brainD.dorsolateral medulla oblongataE.basilar part of medulla oblongata21.Most of the clinical diagnosis of epilepsy should be based on [D]A.witness its attackB.electroencephalogram changesC.family historyD.the exact history of the diseaseE.head CT scan22.The most accurate diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage is based on [D]A.over 60 years of ageB.hemiplegiaC.bloody cerebrospinal fluidD.sudden hemiplegia, and head CT see high density near the basal gangliaE.meningeal irritation23.The most reliable diagnostic basis for subarachnoid hemorrhage is [C]A.headache，vomitingB.meningeal irritationC.lumbar puncture found bloody cerebrospinal fluidD.unilateral oculomotor nerve paralysisE.hemiplegia24.For 2 days, a young man had pain in the chest and back. He had two legs weakness this morning, accompanied by a bowel movement disorder. He felt all kinds of sensory disturbances below the umbilicus, and the strength of the lower limbs was 0. There was no pathological reflex. The first diagnostic examination that should be done is [D] A.cerebrospinal fluid B.head MRI C.cervical vertebra MRI D.thoracic vertebra MRIE.MRI of lumbar vertebra25.Male, 58 years old, the progressive double upper limb tremors and the activity is disadvantageous for half a year. There was no history of chronic disease. There was no abnormal discovery of MRI in the head.Physical examination: dull facial expressions, limb muscle tension, gear, when the upper limbs stretch forward may there were 4 to 5 times / minute hand tremor, finger nose test is normal. The physical sign that could not be found during physical examination was [E]A."rubbing pill" movementB."road sign" phenomenonC.written small signD.gear - like rigidityE."open - off" phenomenon26. A patient with d rinking cough, hoarseness, physical examination: the right soft palate can't be lifted up. The lesion site was in [E]A.left cortical brainstem bundleB.right cortical brainstem bundleC.bilateral cortical brainstem bundlesD.right hypoglossal nerveE.right glossopharyngeal vagus nerve27.Myasthenia gravis [C]A.demyelinating disease of the central nervous systemB.demyelinating disease of peripheral nervous systemC.neuromuscular transmission disorderD.low serum potassiumE.the loss of melanin containing neurons in the dense melanin region28.Which of the following clinical symptoms of cerebral infarction is not included [E]A.consciousness is not clearB.paralysis of limbsC.headacheD.convulsionE. meningeal irritation29.The following prevention and treatment of migraine, which is not correct [E]A.avoid excessive fatigue and mental stress.B.do not starves, overeatC.do not drink and intake of high fat foodD.Avoid food that is known to cause the onset of a headache.E.a vasodilator can be used after the onset of a headache.30.Spastic hemiplegic gait [D]A.cross threshold gaitB.drunken gaitC.flurried gaitD.circling gaitE. scissors like gait31.Periodic paralysis [A]A.weakness of the extremities, hypokalemiaB.weakness of the extremities, separation of cerebrospinal fluid protein cellsC.weakness of the extremities, sensorydisturbance like wearing gloves and socks. D.weakness of the extremities, relieved after rest and aggravated after activity. E.weakness of the extremities, atrophy of the scapula and pelvic muscles.32.The new striatum [B]A.static tremorB.choreaC.trunk ataxiaD.left extremities ataxiaE.Romberg’s sign is positive33.On the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage, which of the following is correct [D]A.systolic pressure is maintained at 120 ~ 130mmHgB.daily venous rehydration more than 2500mlC.high dose of aryl acidD.keep quiet, active anti brain edemaE.24 hours after the onset of disease, the patients who were unable to eat were given nasal feeding 34.Patient with hemiplegia, hemianesthesia and hemianopia, his blood vessel which is most likely to block [B]A.anterior cerebral arteryB.middle cerebral arteryC.posterior cerebral arteryD.internal auditory arteryE.anterior spinal artery35.Which of the following correct [A]A.when the right trigeminal nerve is damaged, the mandible is skewed to the right when opening the mouthB.w hen the right facial nerve is damaged, the angle of the mouth is skewed to the right when the teeth are exposed.C.when the right hypoglossal nerve is damaged, the tip of the tongue tends to the left when the tongue is extended.D. when the right abducent nerve is damaged, the right eye inward movement is limited.E. right pupil narrowing when right optic nerve damage.36.When the patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage occur blepharoptosis, the location of the aneurysm may be in [C]A.middle cerebral arteryB.anterior communicating arteryC. posterior communicating arteryD.basilar arteryE.ophthalmic artery37.The characteristics of the sensory impairment of the internal capsule(B)A.hypesthesia or anesthesia of a single limb in the contralateral side.B.hypesthesia or anesthesia of the contralateral body (including the face).C.contralateral body (including face) hypesthesia or anesthesia accompanied by spontaneous painD.contralateral body (including face) hypesthesia or anesthesia accompanied by hyperpathiaE.cross hypesthesia or anesthesia38.The first choice of idiopathic big attack [A]A.sodium valproateB.carbamazepineC.EthosuximideD.phenytoin sodiumE.ACTH39. A previously healthy 22-year-old college student is brought to the emergency department by her parents 20 minutes after they observed her having a seizure. After the seizure, she was confused and had difficulty thinking of some words. She has had a headache, cough, and fever for 3 days treated with acetaminophen and dextromethorphan. Her temperature is 38.9°C (102°F).Neurologic examination shows diffuse hyperreflexia. On mental status examination, she is confused and has short-term memory deficits. She has difficulty naming objects and makes literal paraphasic errors. An MRI of the brain shows bitemporal hyperintensities. A lumbar puncture is done; cerebrospinal fluid analysisshows an erythrocyte count of 340×106/L, a leukocyte count of 121×106/L (88% monocytes), and a protein concentration of 0.78 g/L. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? (C)A.Bacterial meningitisB.Dextromethorphan intoxicationC.Herpes simplex encephalitisD. HIV encephalopathyE. Reye syndrome40. A 67-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of headache and decreased level of consciousness over the past hour. He has a 20-year history of poorly controlled hypertension. He is unresponsive to verbal stimuli. With painful stimulation, he moves the left extremities semipurposely but not the right extremities. The left pupil is larger than the right and reacts sluggishly to light. Babinski sign is present on the right. A CT scan of the head shows a large hyperintense mass in the left basal ganglia with compression of the left lateral ventricle and shift of the midline structures. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? (C)A.Acute cerebral infarctionB.Arteriovenous malformationC.Intracerebral hemorrhageD.Bacterial abscessE.Carotid cavernous fistula41.The part of neuron that conducts impulses toward its cell body is called a(an) ( B )A.axonB.dendriteC.effectorD.myelin sheath42.The cytoplasmic extensions that provide the main receptive surfaces for neuron are( D )A.neurogliaB.cell bodiesC.axonsD.dendrites43.Masses of myelinated nerve fibers appear( A )A.whiteB.grayC.brownD.transparent44.A neuron that travels through the oculomotor nerve to an extrinsic muscle of eye is of what type? ( B )A.afferentB.efferentC.associationD.effector45.Neurons that conduct impulses to the spinal cord or brain are called( A )A.sensory neuronsB.efferent neuronsC.association neuronsD.motor neurons46.A diseased or injured neuron cannot regenerate if( C )A.it is located in the PNSB.its axon has no myelin sheathC.its axon has no neurilemmaD.its axon has been cut47.The presence of myelin on a process gives what characteristics? ( B )A.gray colorB.increased rate of transmissionC.regeneration of the processD. none of the above48.Which of the following would not be true of a reflex arc? ( D )A.always includes a sensory neuron and a motor neuronB.always has its center in the brain or the spinal cordC.always terminates in muscle or glandD.always includes an interneuron49.The basal nuclei( D )A.are located in the cerebrumB.consist mainly of gray matterC.include the caudate and lentiformD.all of the above50.If anterior root of a spinal nerve were cut, what would be the result in the tissue or region that nerve supplies? ( A )plete loss of movementplete loss of sensationplete loss of sensation and movementD.loss of neither sensation nor movement, but only of autonomic control of blood vessels and sweat glands。
神经系统试题及答案
神经系统试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 神经系统的主要功能是：A. 运动B. 感觉C. 调节D. 以上都是答案：D2. 脑和脊髓属于神经系统的哪一部分？A. 中枢神经系统B. 周围神经系统C. 自主神经系统D. 感觉神经系统答案：A3. 神经元的基本结构包括：A. 细胞体和树突B. 细胞体和轴突C. 树突和轴突D. 细胞膜和细胞核答案：B4. 神经冲动的传导速度取决于：A. 神经元的长度B. 神经元的直径C. 神经元的髓鞘D. 神经元的类型答案：C5. 脑干包含哪些主要部分？A. 延髓、桥脑、小脑B. 延髓、桥脑、中脑C. 脑桥、中脑、小脑D. 延髓、中脑、小脑答案：B6. 以下哪个不是自主神经系统的功能？A. 调节心率B. 调节消化C. 调节呼吸D. 调节意识答案：D7. 感觉神经末梢主要负责：A. 传递感觉信息B. 传递运动信息C. 调节肌肉收缩D. 调节腺体分泌答案：A8. 以下哪个不是大脑皮层的主要功能区？A. 视觉区B. 听觉区C. 嗅觉区D. 运动区答案：C9. 神经递质的主要作用是：A. 促进神经元再生B. 促进突触后膜的兴奋C. 抑制突触后膜的兴奋D. 促进突触前膜的兴奋答案：B10. 以下哪个不是神经系统的疾病？A. 帕金森病B. 阿尔茨海默病C. 糖尿病D. 多发性硬化症答案：C二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 神经系统由______神经系统和______神经系统组成。
答案：中枢；周围2. 神经元的信号传递依赖于______的释放。
答案：神经递质3. 脑干的主要功能是______和______。
答案：调节基本生命活动；传递信息4. 神经系统的发育始于胚胎期的______。
答案：神经管5. 脑的两个半球通过______相连。
答案：胼胝体6. 脊髓的主要功能是______和______。
答案：传导；反射7. 感觉系统的最终目的地是______。
答案：大脑皮层8. 神经纤维的髓鞘是由______细胞产生的。
神经系统疾病学习考试试卷与答案
神经系统疾病学习考试试卷与答案一、选择题A型题（最佳选择题，每题仅有一个正确答案）1. 格子细胞是由下列哪种细胞变化而来？A.原浆型星形细胞B.纤维型星形细胞C.小胶质细胞D.饲肥型星形细胞E.少突胶质细胞2. 下列哪种细胞参与形成卫星现象A.小胶质细胞B.淋巴细胞C.星形细胞D.中性粒细胞E. 少突胶质细胞3. 沃-弗（Waterhouse-Friderichsen）综合征主要见于A.脑肿瘤B.暴发性流行性脑膜炎C.病毒性脑炎D.脑日本血吸虫病E.阿尔茨海默（Alzheimer）病4. 下列哪项关于流行性乙型脑炎的叙述是正确的？A.乙型脑炎病毒为DNA病毒B.多在冬、春季流行C.病变广泛累及整个中枢神经系统灰质D.成人感染乙型脑炎病毒多为显性感染E.神经细胞胞质中常见包含体形成5. 下列哪项关于流行性乙型脑炎的叙述是正确的？A.乙型脑炎病毒为DNA病毒B.有较多的中性粒细胞围血管浸润C.灶性神经组织坏死、液化、形成镂空的筛网状软化灶，这种病变具有一定的诊断意义D.小胶质结节形成愈多，预后愈好E.出现脑膜刺激症者基本上可排除乙型脑炎6. 最常见的脑出血原因是A.血管畸形B.血管瘤破裂C.血液病D.原发性高血压E.脑脓肿7. 最多发的原发性颅内肿瘤是A.胶质瘤B.脑膜瘤C.听神经瘤D.髓母细胞瘤E.血管母细胞瘤8. 儿童极少发生下列哪种肿瘤？A.星型细胞瘤B.髓母细胞瘤C.脑膜瘤D.室管膜瘤E. 小脑血管母细胞瘤9. 下列哪项不是流行性乙型脑炎的病变特点A.小胶质细胞增生B.神经细胞变形坏死C.软化灶形成D.早期大量中性粒细胞浸润，形成血管套E. 病变以大脑皮质、基底核及视丘最为严重10. 下列哪项脑脊液检查结果不支持为急性化脓性脑膜炎的诊断？A.含大量中性粒细胞B.蛋白增多C.糖含量增高D.涂片找到肺炎球菌E.脑脊液浑浊、灰黄色或黄白色11. 下列哪种细胞参与形成噬神经细胞现象？A.少突胶质细胞B.小胶质细胞C.星型细胞D.中性粒细胞E.淋巴细胞12. 流行性乙型脑炎时下列那个部位的病变最轻？A.基底核B.大脑皮质C.小脑皮质D.脑桥和延髓E.脊髓13. 下列哪一项关于流行性脑脊髓膜炎的描述是错误的？A.皮肤的淤点和淤斑B.脑膜刺激征C.颅内压升高症状D.血性脑脊液E.脑脊液中糖含量降低14. 关于暴发性流行性脑膜炎，下列哪一项描述是错误的？A.皮肤和粘膜出血B.双侧肾上腺严重出血C.蛛网膜下腔大量脓性渗出物D.病情凶险E.可发生周围循环衰竭15. 流行性乙型脑炎的最主要传播途径是经A.消化道B.呼吸道C. 输血D.蚊虫叮咬E. 密切接触16. 小儿最少见的颅内肿瘤是A.髓母细胞瘤B.多形性胶质母细胞瘤C.毛发细胞型星型细胞瘤D.室管膜瘤E.神经鞘瘤17. 下列哪种肿瘤形成菊形团和假菊形团A.多形性胶质母细胞瘤B.髓母细胞瘤C.室管膜瘤D.脑膜瘤E.神经鞘瘤X型题（多选题，每题可有一个至五个答案）1. PrP病典型的病变是A.大脑萎缩B.神经毡内空泡C.神经元脱失、反应性胶质化D.无炎症反应E.步态异常肌阵挛和进行性痴呆2. 缺血性脑病的病变类型是A.神经元坏死B.层状坏死C.海马硬化死D.边缘带梗E.尼氏体溶解3. 脑出血包括A.脑内出血B.蛛网膜下腔出血C.混合性出血D.DICE.硬脑膜下出血4. 下列哪些病变可发生脑梗死A.脑栓塞B.脑血管血栓形成C.缺血性脑病D.流行性乙型脑炎E.震颤性麻痹5. 脑水肿的主要病理改变是A.脑回变宽、扁平B.神经毡内出现空泡C.脑室扩张、积水D.脑实质血管周围间隙变宽E.神经元及胶质细胞的胞核周围出现空晕6. 植物状态可由下列哪些疾病引起A.严重的脑缺血性脑病B.弥漫性脑轴突损伤C.重症乙型脑炎D.重症流行性脑脊髓膜炎E.lock-in综合征7. 脑动脉粥样硬化可引起哪些病变？A.脑回变窄，脑沟变宽变深B.脑血栓形成C.灶性脑软化及腔隙样坏死D.广泛性脑实质内出血E.蛛网膜下腔变大，脑脊液增多8. 流行性脑脊髓膜炎可有下列哪些表现？A.脑膜刺激症状 B颅内压升高C.脑脊液混浊，有大量脓细胞D.脑脊液涂片可找到病原菌E.皮肤和粘膜出现淤点和淤斑9. 神经组织病毒感染可出现下列哪些变化？A.噬神经细胞现象B.淋巴细胞血管套C.核内或胞浆内包含体D.胶质细胞增生E.砂粒小体10. 下列哪些是对星形细胞瘤的正确描述？A.成人多见于大脑半球的白质B.瘤组织灰白色，有时可呈胶冻状C.可有微囊形成D.分化良好者与周围正常脑组织间有明显界限E是神经系统最常见的肿瘤11. 多形性胶质母细胞瘤的特点是A.瘤细胞呈多形性，异型性明显B.可见单核或多核瘤巨细胞C.瘤组织出血和坏死D.多发生于小脑E.坏死区周边瘤细胞可呈假栅栏状排列12. 少突胶质细胞瘤的形态特征有A.灰红色结节B.细胞单一，核圆形、深染、胞浆空C.常有钙化D.可有出血、坏死或囊肿形成E.界限清楚，常有包膜13. 室管膜瘤的基本组织学改变是A.瘤细胞形成菊形团结构B.瘤细胞形成假菊形团结构C.有时可形成乳头状结构D.瘤细胞核周围可有空晕E.瘤细胞形态多样，可有瘤巨细胞14. 髓母细胞瘤的发病情况是A.75％的患者年龄小于15岁B.好发于大脑C.男性多见，男女之比为3:1D.占儿童颅内肿瘤第二位E.源于小脑内颗粒细胞15. 髓母细胞瘤的病理形态特征是A.细胞胞浆少B.胞核圆形、胡萝卜形、深染C.核分裂象多见D.可见菊形团状结构E.瘤细胞排列密集16. 脑膜瘤的主要特点有A.多起源于蛛网膜绒毛的细胞巢B.多见于上矢状窦两侧、蝶骨嵴等处C.肿瘤边界清楚、有包膜D.可有砂粒体E.手术切除有15％复发率17. Wilson病可有下列哪些改变？A.结节性肝硬化B.豆状核神经细胞变性坏死C.出现AlzheimerⅡ型细胞D.角膜色素环E.脊髓变性18. Alzheimer病的主要病变有A.额、顶、颞叶脑萎缩B.老年斑C.神经原纤维缠结D.颗粒空泡变性E.Hirano小体19. 与帕金森病(Parkinsion’s disease)有关描述是A.多发生于50-80岁B.纹状体黑质多巴胺系统损害C.黑质、蓝斑脱色D.多巴胺合成减少E.Lewy小体形成20. 与神经鞘瘤有关的描述是A.发生于神经干和神经根B.听神经瘤称小脑桥脑角瘤C.肿瘤有完整包膜D.束状与网状型E.肿瘤可能术后复发21. 与神经纤维瘤有关的描述是A.多发生于皮下B.境界明显无包膜C.由神经鞘膜细胞和成纤维细胞组成D.间质疏松伴粘液变性E恶变为恶性周围神经鞘瘤22. 关于颅内转移性肿瘤的叙述，下列哪些是正确的？A.以支气管肺癌最多见B.转移性瘤呈单发或多发结节状，界清C.转移瘤周围脑水肿明显D.影像学检查应与原发肿瘤鉴别E.转移癌的异型性一般较原发癌大23. 以神经细胞变性为主要改变的疾病是A.肌萎缩侧索硬化B.多发性硬化C.慢性进行性舞蹈症D.Guillian-Barre综合症E.Parkinson病二、填空题1.流行性乙型脑炎是由（病原菌）引起的，病变性质属于炎症。
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1. A patient has a disorder of the central nervous system. Which part of the system could be involvedA. nerves in the forearmB. nerves to the heartC. spinal cordD. sympathetic neurons2. A neuron that transmits a nerve impulse to the central nervous system is called a(an)A. motorB. sensoryC. bipolarD. association3. The cell that dose not belong with the others because of its function is theA. sensory neuronB. neurogliaC. motor neuronD. association neuron4. visceral effectors would not includeA. muscle in the heart wallB. muscle fibers in the brachialisC. glandular cells in the parotid salivary glandD. muscle in the wall of the small intestine5. If a person having a lesion in the spinal cord, the kind of neuron most likely involved is a (an)A. associationB. motorC. sensoryD. afferent6. The portion of the nervous system usually considered to be involuntary is known as theA. centralB. somaticC. autonomicD. peripheral7. The structure of a neuron required for the regeneration of injured processes is theA. neurilemmaB. myelin sheathC. cell body membraneD. a process cannot regenerate8. Neurons that conduct impulses from the central nervous system to muscles or glands are referred asA. afferentB. associationC. voluntaryD. efferent9. Nerve fibers that convey impulse to skeletal muscles are calledA. general somatic efferentB. general visceral afferentC. general somatic afferentD. general visceral efferent10. Nerve impulses are conveyed from the cell body by theA. dendriteB. neurilemmaC. axonD. myelin sheath11. A neuron that contains several dendrites and one axon is referred to asA. multipolarB. unipolarC. bipolarD. apolar12. The junction between two neurons is called aA. myoneural junctionB. motor and plateC. hillockD. synapse13. Which of the following is composed of sensory neurons onlyA. ventral root of spinal nervesB. white rami communicantsC. gray rami communicantsD. dorsal root of spinal nerves14. A collection of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system is referred to as aA. ganglionB. hornC. tractD. nucleus15. The region (space) around the spinal cord that contains cerebrospinal fluid is theA. subduralB. subarachnoidC. epiduralD. supradural16. In a reflex arc, which component represents a muscle or gland of the bodyA. centerB. receptorC. sensory neuronD. effector17. In a reflex arc, which component represents a muscle or glandA. association neuronB. receptorC. sensory neuronD. effector18. An occlusion in a choroids plexus would interfere with an individual’s ability toA. breatheB. carry on peristalsisC. form cerebrospinal fluidD. store glycogen19. An obstruction in the interventricular foramen would interfere with the flow of cerebrospinal fluid intoA. lateral ventricleB. third ventricleC. fourth ventricleD. subarachnoid space of the spinal cord20. Which structure does not belong with the othersA. ponsB. midbrainC. thalamusD. medulla21. Which statement concerning the autonomic nervous system is not trueA. It usually operates without any conscious control.B. It regulates visceral activities.C. All of its axons are afferent fibers.D. It contains rami and ganglia.22. Which of the following is not a visceral effectorA. cardiac muscleB. glandular epitheliumC. skeletal muscleD. smooth muscle23. The cell bodies of preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system are located in theA. lateral grey horns of the thoracic cordB. nuclei in the brain stem and lateral gray horns of sacral cordC. lateral gray horns of cervical cordD. lateral gray horns of lumbar cord24. Autonomic ganglia located on either side of the vertebral column from the base of the skull to the coccyx are calledA. prevertebral gangliaB. collateral gangliaC. terminal gangliaD. lateral ganglia25. Axons from preganglionic neurons of the parasymphathetic division of the autonomic nervous systemA. synapse in sympathetic chain gangliaB. synapse in prebertebral gangliaC. synapse in terminal gangliaD. are part of the thoracolumbar outflow26. In the course from anterior rami to the sympathetic trunk, sympathetic priganglionic fibers are contained in structures calledA. white rami communicantsB. meningeal branchesC. dorsal ramiD. gray rami communicantes27. In a visceral autonomic reflex, which component conveys the impulse from the central nervous system to the autonomic ganglionA. visceral efferent preganglion neuronB. association neuronC. visceral efferent postganglion neuronD. afferent neuron28. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the sympathetic nervous systemA. white rami communicantsB. inferior cervical ganglionC. terminal ganglionD. gray rami communicants29. Which statement is not true of the parasympathetic nervous systemA. It forms the craniosacaral outflow.B. It contains terminal ganglia.C. Its ganglia are near or within visceral effectors.D. It is distributed throughout the body.30. Terminal ganglia receiveA. postganglionic fibers from the parasympathetic divisionB. postganglionic fibers from the sympathetic divisionC. preganglionic fibers from the parasympathetic divisionD. preganglionic fibers from the sympathetic division31. Which of the following is not a plexus of the spinal nervesA. cervicalB. choroidC. brachialD. lumbar32. Which of the following cranial nerves does not have parasympathetic fibersA. oculomotorB. accessoryC. facialD. vagus33. Which of the following is not involved in the autonomic nervous systemA. sympathetic neuronsB. facial nerveC. vagus nerveD. optic nerve34. Which of the following is most closely associated with the diencephalonsA. thalamusB. cerebral aqueductC. cerebral pedunclesD. corpus callosum35. Which of the following lists the parts of a reflex arc in the correct sequenceA. receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron, effectorB. effector, receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuronC. effector, sensory neuron, receptor, motor neuron, interneuronD. receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector36. The phrenic nerve arises from theA. cervical plexusB. brachial plexusC. lumbar plexusD. sacral plexus37. The portion of the brain continuous with the spinal cord is theA. hypothalamusB. ponsC. cerebellumD. medulla38. The cerebral aqueduct links theA. lateral ventriclesB. lateral ventricles and 3rd ventricleC. 3rd and 4th ventricleD. lateral ventricles and 4th ventricle39. Which of the following cranial nerves is not a mixed nerveA. vagusB. trigeminalC. glossopharyngealD. vestibulocochlear40. Clusters of neuron cell bodies are not the main constituents ofA. grey matterB. central nervous system nucleiC. gangliaD. tracts41. The part of neuron that conducts impulses toward its cell body is called a(an)A. axonB. dendriteC. effectorD. myelin sheath42. The cytoplasmic extensions that provide the main receptive surfaces for neuron areA. neurogliaB. cell bodiesC. axonsD. dendrites43. Masses of myelinated nerve fibers appearA. whiteB. grayC. brownD. transparent44. A neuron that travels through the oculomotor nerve to an extrinsic muscle of eye is of what typeA. afferentB. efferentC. associationD. effector45. Neurons that conduct impulses to the spinal cord or brain are calledA. sensory neuronsB. efferent neuronsC. association neuronsD. motor neurons46. A diseased or injured neuron cannot regenerate ifA. it is located in the PNSB. its axon has no myelin sheathC. its axon has no neurilemmaD. its axon has been cut47. The presence of myelin on a process gives what characteristicsA. gray colorB. increased rate of transmissionC. regeneration of the processD. none of the above48. Which of the following would not be true of a reflex arcA. always includes a sensory neuron and a motor neuronB. always has its center in the brain or the spinal cordC. always terminates in muscle or glandD. always includes an interneuron49. The basal nucleiA. are located in the cerebrumB. consist mainly of gray matterC. include the caudate and lentiformD. all of the above50. If anterior root of a spinal nerve were cut, what would be the result in the tissue or region that nerve suppliesA. complete loss of movementB. complete loss of sensationC. complete loss of sensation and movementD. loss of neither sensation nor movement, but only of autonomic control of blood vessels and sweat glands51. Loss of the sense of smell might be due to injury of which cranial nerveA. ⅠB.ⅡC.ⅢD.Ⅷ52. Which of the following endocrine glands are pairedA. pituitaryB. pancreasC. pinealD. adrenal53. Which of the following describes the main function of receptorA. they produce responses after stimuli have been receivedB. they coordinate stimulus and responseC. they control the autonomic functions of the bodyD. they make possible the body’s detection of changes in its environment54. Which of the following is not necessary for any of the responses referred to as reflexesA. effectorsB. receptorsC. cerebral cortexD. synapse55. Loss of autonomic control to thoracic and abdominal organs might be due to injury of which cranial nerveA. ⅢB.ⅦC. ⅩD.Ⅸ56. Failure to feel pain from an abscessed tooth is due to injury of the fifth cranial nerve. Its name isA. trigeminalB. mandibularC. trochlearD. facial57. What term refers to the part of the nervous system composed of cranial and spinal nervesA. autonomicB. centralC. white matterD. peripheral58. Which of the following is an effectorA. retinaB. triceps brachiiC. tympanic membraneD. all of the above59. Which of the following combinations are correctA. C1-5—brachial plexusB. femoral nerve—lumbosacaral plexusC. brachial plexus—nerve to diaphragmD. T2-11—thoracic plexus60. the hypothalamus is part of theA. basal nucleiB. diencephalonC. cerebrumD. cerebellum61. The central sulcus separates theA. frontal lobe from parietal lobeB. parietal lobe from occipital lobeC. parietal lobe from temporal lobeD. occipital lobe from cerebellum62. Which of the following is not part of the cerebrumA. thalamusB. corpus callosumC. lateral ventricleD. basal nuclei63. Which of the following is not involved with spinal nerve plexusesA. anterior ramiB. posterior ramiC. cervical nerve ⅤD. thoracic nerve Ⅰ64. Characteristics of the endocrine system would not includeA.secretions are released into blood vesselsB.involves a very rapid response (within milliseconds)es chemical passengers called hormonesD.includes adrenal gland and ovaries65. Which of the following is not within the vertebral canalA. posterior primary ramusB. anterior rootC. posterior root ganglionD. posterior horns66. Which of the following would be a sensory ganglionA. posterior root ganglionB. superior mesenteric ganglionC. lateral ganglionD. collateral ganglion67. Which of the following combination is not correctA. corpus callosum—diencephalonB. corpora quadrigemina—midbrainC. cortex—cerebellumD. thalamus—diencephalon68. Neuron cell bodies are located in all butA. horns of spinal cordB. meningesC. basal nucleiD. cortex69. Which of the following is not associated with cerebrospinal fluidA. choroid plexusB. cervical plexusC. lateral ventricleD. subarachnoid space70. Which of the following would have its cell body located in a ganglionA. somatic motor neuronB. interneuronC. afferent neuronD. preganglionic neuron71. Which cranial nerve is not a major mixed nerve in functionA. facialB. opticC. glossopharyngealD. trigeminal72. In the course from the anterior ramus to the sympathetic trunk, sympathetic preganglionic neurons are contained in structures calledA. white rami communicantsB. anterior ramiC. posterior ramiD. splanchnic nerves73. Which structure is not located inside the vertebral canalA. cauda equinaB. dorsal root ganglionC. conus medullarisD. anterior ramus74. Which of the following would be true regarding neuronsA.the axon of a motor neuron extends from the cell toward an effectorB. a neuron usually has many axons, connected to other neuronsC.sensory and motor neurons have dendrites while association neurons do notD.the dendrite of one neuron usually connects to a dendrite of the next neuron75. Regeneration of a neuron process is possible only if the affected neuronA. has a myelin sheathB. has nodes of RanvierC. has a neurilemma sheathD. is in a ramus of a spinal nerve76. Neuron cell bodies are located inA. white matter of spinal cordB. meningsC. gray matter of spinal cordD. central nuclei of the spinal nerves77. Which combination is correctA. phrenic nerve—diaphragmB. cervical plexus—C1-6C. intercostals nerve—brachial plexusD. sciatic nerve--anterior arm78. Characteristics of the endocrine system are includeA. all endocrine secretions are steroidsB. the pancreas and the salivary glands are endocrineC. responses occur multiseconds after release of hormonesD. secretions released into blood vessels79. Axons from preganglionic neurons of the craniosacaral outflowA. synapse in the lateral chainB. synapse in prevertebral gangliaC. synapse in terminal gangliaD. synapse in the superior mesenteric ganglia80. The loss of sense of hearing could result from injury of which cranial nerveA. ⅠB.ⅡC. ⅤD.Ⅷ81. Which of the following would be considered sensory in functionA. terminal ganglionB. posterior root ganglionC. anterior ramusD. anterior root82. A neuron that transmits an impulse away from the CNS is called a(an)__neuron.A. motorB. sensoryC. afferentD. effector83. Which of the following are true statements relating to the meningsA. The dura mater is composed of a dense fibrous connective tissue.B. The dura mater around the brain is single-layered.C. Venous sinuses occur between the two dural layers around the spinal cord.D. The most superficial meninx is the arachnoid membrane.84. A collection of neuron cell bodies outside the CNS is referred to as aA. ganglionB. hornC. tractD. nucleus85. Which of the following is a voluntary effectorA. cochlea of earB. salivary glandC. diaphragmD. myocardium of the heart86. Which of the following combinations would be correct regarding the cranial nervesA. vagus—mixedB. trochlear—parasympatheticC. Ⅹ—accessoryD. Ⅶ—sensory87. Which statement concerning the autonomic nerves system is not trueA.it usually operates without any conscious controlB.it regulates visceral activitiesC.all of its axons are afferent fibersD.it contains rami and ganglia88. Autonomic ganglia located on either side of the vertebral column are calledA. prevertebral gangliaB. collateral gangliaC. dorsal root gangliaD. lateral ganglia89. Bundles of processes are the main constituents ofA. gray matterB. nucleiC. gangliaD. tracts90. The region around the spinal cord that contains cerebrospinal fluid is calledA. central canalB. subarachnoid spaceC. epidural spaceD. ventricular space91. In a reflex arc, which component represents muscle or glandA. association neuronB. receptorC. sensory neuronD. effector92. A neuron that travels through the oculomotor nerve to an extrinsic mescle of the eye is of what typeA. afferentB. efferentC. associationD. effector93. Which of the following is not part of the cerebrumA. thalamusB. corpus callosumC. lateral ventricleD. basal nuclei94. Which of the following would be considered sensory in functionA. terminal ganglionB. posterior root ganglionC. anterior ramusD. anterior root95. Which of the following are associated with the PNSA. anterior rootB. posterior ramusC. anterior funiculusD. olfactory tractE. A and B96. Autonomic ganglia located on either side of the vertebral column areA. prevertebralB. lateralC. parasympatheticD. collateralE. B and C97. Which of the following have their cell bodies located in gangliaA. somatic motor neuronB. afferent neuronC. preganglionic neuronD. postganglionic neuronE. B and D98. Which are associated with cerebrospinal fluidA. cerebral aqueductB. lateral ventricleC. choroid plexusD. subarachnoid spaceE. all are99. Which combinations are correctA. corpus callosum—diencephalonB. corpa quadrigemina—midbrainC. cortex—cerebellumD. all areE. all but B100. Neuron cell bodies are located inA. horns of the spinal cordB. meningesC. basal nucleiD. cortexE. all but B神经系统answers1. C 3. B39. D 52. D。