西班牙语动词短语总结
西班牙语常用动词短语
西班牙语常用动词短语preparar + n、+ para + inf、为什么事情做准备; venir + a + inf、来做某事estar + listo + para + inf、准备好了干某事ser + 形容词+ inf、要干什么事情怎么样ayudar + a + alguien + {en + n、} o { a + inf、} 帮助某人干某事estar + ocupado + en + algo 忙于干某事deber + inf、应该干某事; preferir + inf、宁愿,更爱干某事volver + a + inf、重新干某事; estar junto con 与某人在一起; estar junto a 靠近desear + inf、想要干某事; acerca de 关于; apetecer + inf、/algo 渴望…; entrar + en 进入de buena calidad 质量好; sacar + de 从那里取出; hacer el favor + de + inf、请干某事acabar de + inf、刚刚结束; invitar + a + alguien + a + (país / inf、) 邀请permitir + alguien + inf、允许某人干某事; estar + encantado + de + inf、高兴…mucho gusto + en + inf、很高兴…; de pie站着; a pie 步行estar + lleno + de + algo 装满了…; al fondo del pasillo 走廊尽头distinguir algo de algo 区分; arriba + de 在上面separar en las partes / separar algo de algo 分开…; viajar + a /por 到那里旅游subir + a 上去; apearse + de 下来; ordenar + alguien + a + inf、命令某人干某事asistir + a 出席…; pasear + por 散步…; tener ganas + de 希望…interesar(se) + por + n、对什么感兴趣; dejar + de + inf、停止干某事dejar + a + alguien + inf、/ + que + 虚拟让某人干某事además de + n、/ inf、除了…; ponerse en marcha 上路; decidir + a + inf、决定tardar + tiempo + en + inf、耽搁时间干某事; dar vuelta / (recorrido) por + 地点逛了一圈en memoria de 纪念; cada uno en su puesto 各就各位; asombrarse + de + algo 惊讶no es para tanto;不至于如此huir de逃离eatar en apuro; 陷入困境tener miedo + de + inf、/ tener miedo + a + n、; 害怕…merecer(se) + inf、应该得到aconsejar + a + alguien + inf、劝说某人; preocuparse + de + alguien 担心despedirse + de + alguien 告别; faltar + a + n、缺少; acudir + a + inf、赶来帮助atraído + por + n、吸引; disfrutar de 拥有; disfrutar con 享受…fijarse + en + alguien 注视; tener oportunidad de + inf、有机会干某事aplaudir + a + alguien 为某人鼓掌; tener el hábito de + inf、习惯…cultivar el hábito de养成…的习惯; prestar atención a + n、注意elogiar + a + alguien 赞扬某人; dar + consejo + a + alguien 给某人劝告;limitarse + a + inf、仅仅; agradecer + a + alguien 感谢insistir + en + algo/inf、坚持; recordar + a + alguien + que + 虚拟句提醒estar + contento + de + inf、高兴…; servir de + n、充当; precipitarse + a + inf、赶…olvidarse + de + inf、忘记; alejarse + de 远离echar + a + inf、开始干…; echarse en el sofá躺在沙发上; echar del trabajo 丢了工作echar la siesta 睡午觉; pensar + inf、想干某事; pensar + en + n、想念某人apresurarse + a + inf、赶着干; impedir + a + alguien 阻止…; acreditado + en + país 驻在tener + posibilidad + de + inf、有可能…; dedicarse + a + n、从事…tener + experiencia + de + inf、有经验; ser + aficionado + a + n、爱好…graduarse + de 毕业于…; en + sentido + inverso 相反方向ser + capaz + de + inf、有能力…; alegrarse + de + inf、高兴…; confiar + en信任envidiar + a + alguien + por + algo 妒忌; tener + motivo + de + inf、有原因…estar + dispuesto + a + inf、准备…; temer + que + 虚拟,害怕…ingresar + en 加入; adolecer + de 痛; la mayoría de + n、大部分…exigir + a + alguien + que + 虚拟要求某人干什么。
现代西班牙语第一册动词
Ser 是Llamarse 叫...名字Haber 有Estudiar 学习Estar 在Hablar 谈，聊天Comprar 采购，买Aprender 学，学习Leer 念，读Explicar 解释，讲解Preguntar 问Contestar 回答Comentar 评论Poder 能够Ver 看，看望Vivir 居住（第9课）Venir 来Querer 想，希望Pasar 过，度过Dar 给Abrir 开，打开Guardar 保存Comer 吃饭Esperar 等待，希望Decir 说Llevarse 带走Escribir 写Discutir 讨论Saber 知道Cantar 唱歌Dormir 睡觉Beber 喝Llevar 送，带Auscultar 听诊tomar el pulso 号脉recetar 开处方，开药volver 回来entregar 交，给necesitar需要dejar 放，搁下creer 相信pedir 求借encontrar 找到pasar递给buscar 寻找traer 带来devolver 归还prestar 出借repasar 复习vender 卖cerrar 关comprar 买levantarse 起床vestirse 穿衣hacer la cama 整理床铺asearse 洗漱entrar 进入empezar 开始preparar 准备ocuparse 忙于（做某事）limpiar 打扫，清洁despertar 叫醒desayunar 吃早饭salir 离开，出去almorzar 吃午饭regresar 回来，返回reunirse 会集，聚集cenar 吃晚饭tener mucho que hacer有许多事情要做Ducharse 淋浴Acostarse 上床Pensar 想Ayudar 帮助Quehacer 事情，家务Deber 应该，想必Efectuar 开展，实行Recordar 记忆，记住Comenzar 开始Cambiar 变化，改换Lavarse 洗脸Cepillar 刷Peinarse 梳头Tomar 拿起；（此处）吃Durar 持续Preferir 喜欢，偏爱echar siesta 睡午觉volver a 重新（做某事）servirse 服务；进餐mirar 看，望sentarse 坐下desear 想，要，希望conocer 认识，了解，知道Poner 放置，安放Pedir 请求，要求；点菜Gustar 喜欢，喜好Pasear 散步Acercarse 走进，靠近Apetecer 想望，渴望Romper 弄破，打破Preguntar 发问，提问题Mostrar 展示，拿给......看Calzar 穿（鞋）Quedarse 留下，剩下Sacar 取出Probarse 试，试（衣服）Pagar 付款Parecer 像是；使觉得Sentir 感觉；抱歉hacer el favor 请，劳驾deber 该，欠invitar 邀请sonar 响quitarse 去掉；脱下colgar 悬挂permitir 允许presentar 介绍calentarse 加热perdonar 原谅meterse 塞进；钻进acompañar 陪伴molestar 打扰conversar 谈话，交谈representar 代表；表演enseñar 教bailar 跳舞flamenco吉普赛舞sencillo简单的，单纯的sevillanas塞维利亚舞Conducir 通向；引导；驾驶Separar 分开Distinguir 区分，辨别Viajar 旅行Recibir 接受，接待Dividir 分开，分为Cubrir 覆盖Trasladarse 搬动；搬家Coger 拿起；乘坐Llegar 到达Apearse 下车Correr 跑Subir 上Ordenar 命令；整理Asistir 服侍；出席Madrugar 早起Ocurrir 发生Entender 懂得，明白Dictar 口述，口授Confundir 弄混Convenir 对（某人）合适Comprender 懂得，明白tener ganas 想，有愿望interesarse 使感兴趣，对......感兴趣importar 对（某人）要紧或有关darse prisa 赶紧，赶快ponerse en camino 上路producir 发生，产生avanzar 前进decidir 决定aparcar 停车bajar 下去avisar 通知seguir 继续andar 走路tardar 耽搁，花费（时间）abrazar 拥抱excusarse 原谅；致谦escuchar 听prohibir 禁止ceder 让（座位等）cultivar 种植contar 讲述；数数atravesar 穿过soler 惯常（做某事）jugar 玩nadar 游泳divertirse 娱乐，消遣atardecer 黄昏降临，黄昏alojarse 住宿compartir 共享repartir 分摊cocinar 做饭，烹饪perder 失去cruzar 穿过señalar 指出conseguir 得到，弄到caminar 走路asombrarse 使吃惊；吃惊marchar 行进resultar 结果是...... pastar 放牧，（畜生）吃草huir 逃跑resistir 抵抗，抗拒mover 动agudizar 磨尖；使敏锐ocurrírsele a uno algo 突发奇想fingirse 假装aproximarse 使靠近；靠近cojear 一瘸一拐responder 回答saltar 跳clavar 钉进，扎进devorar 吞食arrancar 拔除examinar 检查merecerse 应该得到的meterse de 滥竽充数干某事。
必备西班牙语短语
必备西班牙语短语1.Tener derecho a 有权利做什么2.En defensa de 保护3.Hacer daño a 造成伤害4.Empeñarse en 坚持做...5.Hacer algo con eficacia 有效地做某事varse los dientes刷牙7.Detenerse a 停下来做什么8.A diferencia de 与什么不同9.Emanar de = proceder de = provenir de 源自，来自10.Intentar = probar 尝试做某事11.Poner en ejecución 实施12.A mi juicio = en mi opinión = a mi parecer = Creo que = Considero que我认为13.A todo correr 急速地14.Cubrir algo con用什么遮盖15.Aludir a 影射，暗示16.Aspirar a 追求，渴望17.Por azar 偶然18.Al azar 随意19.Por ahora = por el momento = de momento 暂时20.Al aire libre 室外21.Hacer copias de 复制22.Por si acaso 以防万一23.En actitud de 以什么样的姿态24.Amor propio 自尊心25.Si been 虽然26.Basta de 别再...27.Basta con/ para 足够28.En el curso de 在...过程中。
西班牙语动词短语
西班牙语常用动词短语desear + inf;souhaiter, decsireracerca de; 关于pasear + por ; promenerapetecer + inf /algo avoir envieentrar + ende buena calidad;质量好sacar +de; (de dentro a fuera):从那里取出(la basura) sortir(salir), tirer(la poubelle, las ordures) hacer el favor + de + inf 请干某事acabar de + inf ;刚刚结束invitar + a + alguien +a +(país / inf.)邀请permitir + alguien + inf.允许某人干某事Estar + encantado + de + inf 高兴..mucho gusto + en + inf 很高兴..de pie站着a pie 步行Estar + lleno + de +algo;装满了..al fondo del pasillo; 走廊尽头distinguir algo de algo 区分(la diferencia, diferencial). distinger...de... (différend)arriba + de在上面(着重高度) ~=encima de(tocar)separar en las partes / separar algo de algo;分开..viajar +a /por; 到那里旅游subir +a ;上去apearse +de下来desmontarordenar + alguien + a + inf;命令某人干某事asistir +a ;出席..pasar + por ;散步..tener ganas + de希望.. (envie, faim)interesar(se) + por + n. ; 对什么感兴趣dejar(vt) laisser; quitterdejar +de +inf 停止干某事arreter +dedejar +a + alguien + inf / + que + 虚拟, 让某人干某事además de +n. / inf;除了..ponerse en marcha; 上路decidir+a+inf;决定tardar(vi) + tiempo + en + inf费时干某事retrasar(vt) retarder(el retraso)迟到dar(donner) vuelta(retour) /recorrido(parcour)por+地方在...地方逛了一圈en memoria de纪念;cada uno en su puesto; 各就各位asombrarse +de +algo;惊讶s'étonner la sombra= la ombreno es para tanto;不至于如此pas grand chosehuir de逃离fuireatar en apuro;陷入困境situation difficiletener miedo+de +inf / tener miedo + a +n.; 害怕.. merecer(se) +inf 应该得到te lo mereces = tu le mérite aconsejar + a + alguien + inf;劝说某人conseiller preocuparse + de + alguien;担心despedirse +de +alguien告别faltar+ a + n. 缺少; manquer falta=manqueacudir+ a+inf赶来帮助atraído+ por + n.吸引;disfrutar de 拥有;disfrutar con 享受...jourir de...fijarse + en +alguien; 注视fixertener oportunidad de + inf;有机会干某事la occasion tener+posibilidad+de+inf; 有可能..aplaudir + a + alguien为某人鼓掌tener el hábito de + inf,习惯..cultivar el hábito de养成..的习惯prestar atención a + n.;注意prêterelogiar+a+alguien赞扬某人faire l'éloge dedar + consejo +a+alguien;给某人劝告; le conseil limitarse +a+inf,仅仅agradecer+ a+alguien感谢remercier qqn pour qch insistir+en+algo/inf;坚持insisterrecordar+a+alguien+que+虚拟句提醒rappelerestar+content@+de+inf高兴..servir de+n,充当precipitarse+ a+ inf;赶.. précipiterolvidarse + de + inf ; 忘记alejarse +de;远离s'éloignerechar+a+inf;开始干.. empezar/ comenzar == co mm encer echarse(werfen) en el sofá, 躺在..echar del trabajo, 丢了工作echar la siesta;睡午觉pensar+inf;想干某事pensar+en+n.想念某人apresurarse+a+inf;赶着干impedir+a+alguien;阻止..pedir请求empêcher acreditado+en+país驻在dedicarse+a+n.从事..tener+experiencia+de+inf;有经验ser+aficionad@+a+n.;爱好...amateurgraduarse+de;毕业于..en+sentido+inverso;相反方向le sensser+capaz+de+inf;有能力..alegrarse+de+inf;高兴..faire plaisir àconfiar+en信任avoir confiance en (confier)envidiar+a+alguien+por+algo; 妒忌.enviertener+motivo+de+inf; 有原因 raison, le motifestar+dispuest@+a+inf;准备(ready and willing).. listo准备(常用)prêt temer+que+虚拟，害怕... tener miedo avoir peur deingresar+en;加入.adolecer+de;痛.enfermo maladla mayoría de +n.大部分..l a majorité deexigir+a+alguien+que+虚拟要求某人干什么.exigerestar en condición de+inf;有条件干..estar enamorad@ de+alguien;爱上..amoureux(se)estar en contacto;与..有联系enterarse+de+algo;知道.. (通知) apprendreofrecerse+de+inf;自告奋勇..s'offrirlibrar de;摆脱..entretenerse+en+inf;消遣..s'amuserdarse cuenta de+inf发觉..a causa de ; 由于.a lo mejor 也许a menudo(petit);经常souventa partir de;从..起al azar随意.au hasardal lado de;在..旁边al mediodía;中午ceder el asiento;让座位cédercuanto antes;尽快darse prisa; 赶快¡date prisa! =dépêche-toi !hacer pregunta ;提问de modo(方式) que; 因此alore, alsode repente;repentino突然soudain/ tout à coupdicho y hecho;说做就做hacer el favor;请.hacer la cama整理床铺de acuerdo;同意más allá再过去一点mejor dicho;确切地说ou plutôtpor escrito;笔头的por lo menos;至少au moins100*常用动词aceptar vt. (accepter)接受, 赞同, 承兑收容permitir vt. (permettre)允许, 许可, 准许, 容忍, 使能够vr. 放任, 纵容dejar vt. (laisser,leave)放, 放下, 留下, 使, 让, 认为, 允许, 遗忘, 放弃, 抛弃, 遗留, 停止, 有待于permitir/dejar 许可让preguntar vt. 问, 提问, 询问creer vt. (croire)相信, 认为vi. 信仰vr. 自以为Crecer vi. (grandir)成长, 生长, 增长, 增值vr. 地位升高prestar vt. (prêter)借给, 给予, 提供, 使具有vi. 有用, 够用vr. 自愿, 迁就romper vt.(casser)打破, 弄碎, 损坏, 冲破, 断绝, 打断, 违反, 开始vi. 散开, 冲出, (花)开放, 突然开始, 暴发traer—traigo, traes, trae, traemos, traéis, traenvt. (apporter, remener) (bringen)带来, 吸引, 造成, 致使, 穿着, 戴着, 引证, 刊载comprar vt. (acheter)买poder puedo (pouvoir)poder1m. 势力, 政权, 权力poder2vt. 能够, 可以impers. 有可能cancelar vt. (annuler)取消, 废除, 结清(债务)cambiar vt. (changer)交换, 改变, 更换, 搬, 迁, 兑换limpiar vt. (nettoyer)使清洁, 清扫peinar vt. (peigner)梳理quejarse vr.(se pleidre; sich beklagen)哀叹, 抱怨, 发牢骚, 告状; 抱怨操心toser vi. (tousser; husten)咳嗽contar–cuento cuentas cuenta contamos contáis cuentavt. (compter; raconter)数, 计算, 讲述, 算在内, 注意vi. 拥用contar con = compter surcortarvt. (couper)切, 割, 分开, 阻断vr. 凝结, 冻裂, 相交, 相切, 张口结舌bailar vt.vi. 跳舞, 摇动, 旋转dibujar vt. (dessiner)画, 绘画, 制图, 描写--- el dibujobeber vt. (boire)喝, 饮, 举杯祝贺, 学得conducir vt. (conduire)引导, 传送, 传载, 驾驶, 带领vi. 通向, 导致vr. 表现comer vi. 吃饭vt. 吃, 消耗, 使褪色vr. 略去explicar vt. (expliquer)表达, 讲授, 讲解caerse – caigo caes cae caemos caéis caenvi. (tomber)落下, 掉, 坠, 倒下, 垮台, 牺牲, 衰落, 失败llenar vt. 装满, 占满, 充满encontrar –encuentro encuentras encuentra encontramos encontráis encuentran vt. 遇到, 碰到, 找到vr. 敌对, 对立terminarvt. 结束vi. 终于caber –quepovi. (to fit) 容纳, 进得去, 有可能+ la posiblidad de , 分得reparar vt.(réparer)修理, 弥补, 恢复体力, 赔偿vi. 考虑, 注意到, 发觉volar –vuelo vuelas vuela volamos voláis vuelanvi. (voler)飞, 飞行, 飞奔, 飞逝vt. 炸毁olvidar vt.vr. (oublier)忘记dar –doy das da damos dais danvt. (donner)给, 赠送, 交给, 授予, 赐予, (钟)打点, 产生, 引起, 发表, 上演, 献出, 提供, 涂, 分牌vi. 发生, 使突然感到, 碰到, 遇到, 开动, 坚持, 命中, 朝向, 通向vr. 屈从, 专心于, 跌, 碰, 以为, 生长ir -- voy vas va vamos vais vanvi. 去, 往, 走, 到, 走开, 离开vr. 漏出* tener tengo tienes tiene tenemos tenéis tienenvt. (avoir, tenir)有, 拥有, 具有, 感到, 受到, 拿着, 盛, 装, 渡过, 当做vr. 站住, 保持oir –oigo, oyes, oye,oímos, oís, oyen(entendre).听到escuchar(écouter听内容)伤害dañar vt. (to damage, to hurt, to harm)伤害, 损坏(abîmer / endommager beschädigen)hacerdaño a algien (faire du mal a qqn)herir—hiero hieres hiere herimos herís hierenvt. (to injure to wound) 使受伤, 打伤, 伤害, 挫伤, (光线)刺眼, (声音)刺耳(blesser可精神上verletzen)perjudicar危害(nuirea qqn schaden jm)destruir--destruyo destruyes destruye destruimos destruís destruyenvt(detruire zerstören)saber --sé sabes sabe …vt. 知道了, 了解, 懂得, 会, 善于vi. 有(某种)味道, 相象, 精明conocer--conozco conoces...vt. (connaître)了解, 熟悉, 懂, 认识aprendervt. (apprendre)学习, 学会* salir – salgo sales...vi. (sortir) 出去, 出来, 出现, 长出, 高开, 出版, 结果是, 相象, 中奖, 摆脱vr. (器皿)漏/marcharse vi (marcher) 行走, 行进, 离开, 运转, 发展, 进展escuchar vt. (écouter) 听, 听从, 听取vr. 得意地讲话vivir vi. (vivre)活, 生存, 生活, 居住vt. 经历perder –pierdo pierdes pierde perdemos perdéis pierdenvt. (perdre)丢失, 失去, 输掉, 错过, 毁坏, 浪费vi. (地位)降低, (布)褪色vr. 迷路, 转向, 丧失名誉, 腐化hacer – hago haces...vt. 造, 作, 干, 偷盗, 扮演, 假装, 以为, (数量上)等于, 排泄, 使, 让vi. 适合, 设法impers. (天气)是, 有, (时间)已满vr. 变成, 提高, 改进necesitar vt.vi. (avoir besoin de) 需要abrir vt. (ouvrir)开, 打开, 切开, 开始vi. (花)开放, 逃跑vr. (门、窗等)朝向, 离开, 展现, 拐小弯cerrar –cierro cierras cierra cerramos cerráis cierranvt. (fermer)关闭, 堵塞, 封住, 中止, 结束, 最后敲定vi. 关闭, 天黑vr. 愈合organizar vt. (organiser)组织, 创立, 调(风琴)pagar vt. (payer) 支付, 付款, 报答, 弥补(罪过)jugar –juego juegas juega jugamos jugáis jueganvt. (jouer) 玩(牌), 下(棋), 赛(球), 使用, 操纵vi. 游戏, 玩耍, 参加比赛, 相配, 配套vr. 拿…冒险poner –pongo pones...vt. (mettre) 放, 安装, 布置, 设想, 赌, 上演, 使处于, 开动, 下(蛋), 献出, 写, 寄vr. 穿, 处于, (太阳等)沉落llover – lluevo llueves llueve llovemos llovéis lluevenvi. (pleuvoir)下雨, 雨点般袭来leer vt. (lire)读, 朗读, 阅读, 看懂, 读懂respondervt. (répondre)回答, 应答vi. 报答, 反应, 反对, 反抗, 产生预期结果, 符合, 负责, 保证correr vi. (courir)跑, 传播, 流动, 流通, 羞愧, 支付, 担负vt. 跑遍, 挪动, 拉开, 追逐, 经历vr. (颜色)扩散, 羞愧, 过分, 离开decir –digo dices dice decimos decís dicendecir1m. 言语, 话, 格言, 警句decir2 (dire)vt. 说, 讲ver – veo ves ve vemos veis venvt. 看见, 查看, 拜访, 观看, 了解, 察觉, 理解, 论及vi. 有视力vr. 处于(某种)状态, 在(某处)m. 视觉, 样子, 看法vender vt. (vendre)卖, 出售, 背叛, 出卖vr. 受贿enviar -- envío envías envía enviamos enviáis envíanvt. (envier)派遣, 差遣, 送到, 邮寄firmar vt. (signer)签署cantarcantar1m. 民歌cantar2 (chanter)vt. 唱, 唱歌, 歌颂, 招供sentarse –siento sientas sienta sentamos sentáis sientanvt. 使坐下, 放稳, 提出(s’asseoir)vi. （式样颜色）合适, 使喜欢(suit)(aller) ~=quedar(fit)大小合身vr. 坐下, 沉淀dormir – duermo duermes duerme dormimos dormís duermenvi. 睡觉, 过夜, 不求进取fumar vi. (fumer)冒烟, 吸烟vr. 挥霍, 逃避hablar vt. (parler)说话, 讲话deletrear vi. (épeler)(buchstabieren)拼读gustar vt.(aimer)尝, 品尝, 乐意, 尝试vi. 使喜欢gastar vt. (dépenser)用钱, 化费, 消耗, 消费ponerse vt. 放, 安装, 布置, 设想, 赌, 上演, 使处于, 开动, 下(蛋), 献出, 写, 寄vr. 穿, 处于, (太阳等)沉落ponerse de pie 站着comenzar –comienzo comienzas comienza comenzamos comenzáis comienzanempezar –empienzo empienzas empienza empezamos empezáis empienzanvt. (commencer)开始estudiar vt. (étudier) 研究, 学习--- estudio=étudetener exito n.成功(réussir)exito (succès)n.出口，通道，安全门;退出v.离开，退出nadar vi. (nager)游泳, 浮, 富有* tomar vt. (prendre)拿, 取, 接受, 攻克, 吃, 喝, 乘坐, 雇用, 租赁, 采取, 彩, 取得, 做出, 作, 享用, 拍摄, 记录, 测量, 感到, 感受, 走vr. 生锈, 自行决定enseñar vt. (enseigner)教育, 出示, 指出pensar vt. (penser)想出, 打算, 认为vi. 想, 考虑, 想到traducir -- traduzo traduces...vt (traduire). 翻译, 表达, 解释viajar vi. (voyager)旅行intentar vt. (essayer) 打算, 试图, 企图apagar vt. (éteindre) 熄灭, 平息encender –enciendo enciendes enciende encendemos encendéis enciendenvt.vr. (allumer)点燃, 激起, 煽动escribir vt. (écrire) 写, 书写, 写信, 写作escribir a máquina (taperàla machine)打字a máquina f.机器, 机件, 自行车, 机动画, 机车, 肌体, 机构, 计划, 宫殿entender –entiendo entiendes entiende entendemos entendéis entiendenvt. (comprendre)明白, 理解, 懂得, 精通vr. 自知, 心中有数, 达成协议, 私通utilizar/ usar使用utilizar vt. (utiliser)使用, 利用usar vt. (utiliser)用, 使用, 享用vi. 惯用esperar vt. (attenndre, espérer)希望, 期望, 等候, 将要发生despertar –despierto despiertas despierta despertamos despertáis despiertanvt. (se réveiller) 打断睡眠, 使醒, 使想起, 激起vi. 醒, 醒悟levantarse (se lever) 起床querer – quiero quieres quiere queremos queréis quierenvt. (vouloir)爱, 想, 要, 愿意desear vt. (souhaiter)希望, 想得到, 祝愿mirar vt. (regarder)看, 查看, 考虑, 敬重vi. 面对, 朝向, 注重trabajar vi. (travailler)劳动, 工作, 努力, 从事, 起作用vt. 耕作, 加工, 学习, 经营, 办理preocuparse vt.(inquiéter)使担心, 使忧虑vr. (s'inquiéter)担心, 关心acertar –acierto aciertas acierta acertamos acertáis aciertan vt. (deviner)打中, 命中, 猜中costar –cuesto cuestas cuesta costamos costáis cuestan vi. 花费（钱/时间）(couter)¿cuánto cuesta? (ça coûte combien?)。
52个常用西班牙语不规则动词总结副动词和分词变位
52个常用西班牙语不规则动词总结副动词和分词变位常用的西班牙语不规则动词总结如下：1. Ser (to be)Yo soyTú eresÉl/ella/usted esNosotros/as somosVosotros/as soisEllos/ellas/ustedes son2. Ir (to go)Yo voyTú vasÉl/ella/usted vaNosotros/as vamosVosotros/as vaisEllos/ellas/ustedes van3. Tener (to have)Yo tengoTú tienesÉl/ella/usted tiene Nosotros/as tenemos Vosotros/as tenéisEllos/ellas/ustedes tienen 4. Estar (to be)Yo estoyTú estásÉl/ella/usted estáNosotros/as estamos Vosotros/as estáisEllos/ellas/ustedes están 5. Poder (to be able to) Yo puedoTú puedesÉl/ella/usted puede Nosotros/as podemos Vosotros/as podéisEllos/ellas/ustedes pueden 6. Saber (to know)YoséTú sabesÉl/ella/usted sabe Nosotros/as sabemos Vosotros/as sabéisEllos/ellas/ustedes saben 7. Decir (to say, to tell) Yo digoTú dicesÉl/ella/usted dice Nosotros/as decimos Vosotros/as decísEllos/ellas/ustedes dicen Yo vengoTú vienesÉl/ella/usted viene Nosotros/as venimos Vosotros/as venísEllos/ellas/ustedes vienen9. Querer (to want, to love)Yo quieroTú quieresÉl/ella/usted quiereNosotros/as queremosVosotros/as queréisEllos/ellas/ustedes quieren10. Hacer (to do, to make)Yo hagoTú hacesÉl/ella/usted haceNosotros/as hacemosVosotros/as hacéisEllos/ellas/ustedes hacen这些是一些常用的西班牙语不规则动词的变位形式。
西班牙语动词解析共46页
26、机遇对于有准备的头脑有特别的 亲和力 。 27、自信是人格的核心。
28、目标的坚定是性格中最必要的力 量泉源 之一， 也是成 功的利无功。- -查士 德斐尔 爵士。 29、困难就是机遇。--温斯顿．丘吉 尔。 30、我奋斗，所以我快乐。--格林斯 潘。
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71、既然我已经踏上这条道路，那么，任何东西都不应妨碍我沿着这条路走下去。——康德 72、家庭成为快乐的种子在外也不致成为障碍物但在旅行之际却是夜间的伴侣。——西塞罗 73、坚持意志伟大的事业需要始终不渝的精神。——伏尔泰 74、路漫漫其修道远，吾将上下而求索。——屈原 75、内外相应，言行相称。——韩非
西班牙语500个最常用动词学习资料
西班牙语500个最常用动词500 most used Spanish verbs1. abatir - to knock down, to overthrow, to throw down2. abrasar - to burn, to set on fire3. abrazar - to embrace, to hug; to clamp4. abrir - to open5. absolver - to absolve, to acquit6. abstenerse - to abstain7. aburrir - to annoy, to bore, to vex8. aburrirse - to be bored, to grow tired, to grow weary9. acabar - to finish, to end, to complete10. acelerar - to accelerate, to speed, to hasten, to hurry11. aceptar - to accept12. acercar - to bring near, to place near13. acercarse - to approach, to draw near14. acertar - to hit the mark, to hit upon, to do (something) right, to succeed in, to guess right15. aclamar - to acclaim, to applaud, to shout, to hail16. aclarar - to explain, to clarify, to make clear, to rinse, to clear17. acompañar - to accompany, to escort, to go with, to keep company18. aconsejar - to advise, to counsel19. acordar - to agree (upon)20. acordarse - to remember21. acostarse - to go to bed, to lie down22. acostumbrar - to be accustomed23. acuchillar - to knife, to cut, to flash, to cut open24. acudir - to attend, to be present frequently, to respond (to a call), to come to the rescue25. acusar - to accuse26. adelantar - to advance, to keep on, to progress, to go ahead27. adelantarse - to go forward, to go ahead, to move ahead, to take the lead28. adivinar - to divine, to foretell, to guess29. admirar - to admire30. admitir - to admit, to grant, to permit31. adoptar - to adopt32. adorar - to adore, to worship33. adquirir - to acquire, to get, to obtain34. advertir - to advise, to give notice, to give warning, to take notice of, to warn35. afeitarse - to shave oneself36. agarrar - to grasp, to obtain, to seize, to catch, to clutch, to come upon37. agitar - to agitate, to wave, to shake up, to stir38. agotar - to exhaust, to use up39. agradar - to please, to be pleasing40. agradecer - to thank, to be thankful for41. agrandar - to enlarge, to grow larger, to increase42. agravar - to aggravate, to make worse43. agregar - to add, to collect, to gather, to aggregate, to collate44. agrupar - to group45. aguardar - to expect, to wait for46. ahorrar - to economize, to save47. alcanzar - to reach, to overtake48. alegrarse - to be glad, to rejoice49. almorzar - to lunch, to have lunch50. alquilar - to hire, to rent51. alumbrar - to illuminate, to light, to enlighten52. alumbrarse - to be (get) high, to get tipsy, to become lively (from liquor)53. alzar - to heave, to lift, to pick up, to raise (prices)54. amar - to love55. añadir - to add56. andar - to walk57. anunciar - to announce, to foretell, to proclaim58. apagar - to put out (flame, fire), to extinguish, to turn off (flame, fire, light)59. aparecer - to appear, to show up60. aplaudir - to applaud61. apoderarse - to take power, to take possession62. apreciar - to appreciate, to appraise, to esteem63. aprender - to learn64. apresurarse - to hasten, to hurry, to rush65. aprobar - to approve, to pass a test66. aprovecharse - to take advantage, to avail oneself67. apurarse - to fret, to grieve, to worry68. arrancar - to root up (out), to pull up (out), to tear off (away), to snatch69. arreglar - to fix, to arrange, to adjust, to regulate, to settle, to repair70. arrojar - to fling, to hurl, to throw71. articular - to articulate, to pronounce distinctly72. asegurar - to assure, to affirm, to assert, to insure73. asir - to seize, to grasp74. asistir - to attend, to assist, to be present75. asustarse - to be frightened, to be scared76. atacar - to attack77. atenerse - to rely on, to depend on78. atraer - to attract, to allure, to charm79. atravesar - to cross, to go through, to run through80. atreverse - to dare, to venture81. avanzar - to advance82. averiguar - to find out, to inquire, to investigate83. ayudar - to help, to aid, to assist84. bailar - to dance85. bajar - to lower, to let down, to come down, to go down, to descend86. balbucear - to stammer, to hesitate in speech87. bañarse - to bathe oneself, to take a bath88. barrer - to sweep, to whisk89. bastar - to be enough, to be sufficient, to suffice90. bautizar - to baptize, to christen91. beber - to drink92. bendecir - to bless, to consecrate93. borrar - to erase, to cross out94. bostezar - to yawn, to gape95. botar - to fling, to cast (away), to throw (away), to launch96. broncear - to bronze, to tan97. bullir - to boil, to bustle, to hustle, to stir98. burlarse - to make fun of, to poke fun at, to ridicule99. buscar - to look for, to seek100. caber - to be contained, to fit into101. caer - to fall102. caerse - to fall, to fall down, to tumble103. calentar - to heat (up), to warm (up)104. callarse - to be silent, to keep quiet105. calzar - to shoe, to wear (shoes), to put on (shoes)106. cambiar - to change107. caminar - to walk, to move along108. cansarse - to become tired, to become weary, to get tired 109. cantar - to sing110. caracterizar - to characterize111. cargar - to load, to burden112. casarse - to get married, to marry113. celebrar - to celebrate114. cenar - to have supper, to eat supper115. cepillar - to brush116. cerrar - to close117. certificar - to certify, to register (a letter), to attest118. charlar - to chat, to prattle119. chistar - to mumble, to mutter120. chupar - to suck121. cocinar - to cook122. coger - to seize, to take, to grasp, to grab, to catch123. colegir - to collect124. colgar - to hang (up)125. colocar - to put, to place126. comenzar - to begin, to commence, to start127. comer - to eat128. componer - to compose129. comprar - to buy, to purchase130. comprender - to understand131. conducir - to lead, to conduct, to drive132. confesar - to confess133. conocer - to know, to be acquainted with134. conseguir - to attain, to get, to obtain135. constituir - to constitute, to make up136. construir - to construct, to build137. contar - to count, to relate, to tell138. contener - to contain, to hold139. contestar - to answer, to reply140. continuar - to continue141. contribuir - to contribute142. convencer - to convince143. convenir - to agree, to convene144. convertir - to convert145. convocar - to call together, to convene, to convoke, to summon 146. corregir - to correct147. correr - to run, to race, to flow148. cortar - to cut, to cut off, to cut out149. costar - to cost150. crecer - to grow151. creer - to believe152. criar - to breed, to raise, to bring up (rear)153. cruzar - to cross154. cubrir - to cover155. cuidarse - to take care of oneself156. cumplir - to fulfill, to keep (a promise), to reach one's birthday (use with años)157. dar - to give158. deber - to owe, must, ought159. decidir - to decide160. decir - to say, to tell161. declarar - to declare162. dedicarse - to devote oneself163. defender - to defend164. dejar - to let, to permit, to allow, to leave165. delinquir - to be delinquent, to violate the law166. demostrar - to demonstrate, to prove167. denunciar - to denounce168. depender - to depend169. derribar - to knock down, to overthrow, to tear down, to throw down170. desayunarse - to breakfast, to have breakfast171. descansar - to rest172. describir - to describe, to delineate173. descubrir - to discover174. desear - to desire, to wish, to want175. desempeñar - to play (a part), to act (a part), to discharge, to perform (a duty), to take out of pawn176. deshacer - to undo, to destroy, to take apart177. despedirse - to take leave of, to say good-bye to178. despegar - to detach, to unglue, to unstuck, to take off (airplane)179. desperezarse - to stretch oneself, to stretch one's arms and legs180. despertarse - to wake up oneself181. destruir - to destroy182. desvestirse - to undress oneself, to get undressed183. detener - to stop (someone or something), to detain184. detenerse - to stop (oneself)185. devolver - to return (an object), to refund, to give back186. dibujar - to design, to draw, to sketch187. dirigir - to direct188. disculparse - to apologize, to excuse (oneself)189. discutir - to discuss190. dispensar - to excuse, to dispense, to distribute, to exempt 191. distinguir - to distinguish192. divertirse - to have a good time, to enjoy oneself193. divorciarse - to be (get) divorced194. doler - to ache, to pain, to hurt, to cause grief, to cause regret 195. dormir - to sleep196. ducharse - to take a shower, to shower oneself197. dudar - to doubt198. echar - to cast, to fling, to hurt, to pitch, to throw199. ejecutar - to execute, to carry out, to perform200. ejercer - to exercise, to practice (a professional)201. elegir - to elect, to select, to choose202. embeber - to soak in, to soak up, to suck in, to imbibe203. empezar - to begin, to start204. emplear - to employ, to use205. encender - to incite, to inflame, to kindle, to light206. encerrar - to enclose, to lock up, to confine207. encontrar - to meet, to encounter, to find208. enfadarse - to become angry209. enfermarse - to get sick, to fall sick, to become sick, to fall ill, to become ill210. enojarse - to become angry, to get angry, to get cross211. enseñar - to teach, to show, to point out212. entender - to understand213. entrar - to enter, to go (in), to come (in)214. entregar - to deliver, to hand over, to give215. enunciar - to enunciate, to state216. enviar - to send217. envolver - to wrap up218. equivocarse - to be mistaken219. erguir - to raise, to stand up straight220. errar - to err, to wander, to roam, to miss221. escoger - to choose, to select222. escribir - to write223. escuchar - to listen (to)224. esparcir - to scatter, to spread225. esperar - to expect, to hope, to wait (for)226. esquiar - to ski227. establecer - to establish228. estar - to be229. estimar - to estimate, to esteem, to respect, to value230. estudiar - to study231. exigir - to demand, to urge, to require232. explicar - to explain233. expresar - to express234. fabricar - to fabricate, to manufacture235. faltar - to be lacking, to be wanting, to lack, to miss, to need 236. felicitar - to congratulate, to felicitate237. festejar - to feast, to entertain, to celebrate238. fiar - to confide, to trust239. fijarse - to take notice, to pay attention, to settle240. fingir - to feign, to pretend241. firmar - to sign242. formar - to form, to shape243. fregar - to wash dishes, to scrub244. freír - to fry245. fumar - to smoke246. funcionar - to function, to run (machine)247. ganar - to earn, to gain, to win248. gastar - to spend (money), to wear out, to waste249. gemir - to grieve, to groan, to moan250. gobernar - to govern, to rule251. gozar - to enjoy252. gritar - to shout, to scream, to shriek, to cry out253. gruñir - to grumble, to grunt, to growl, to creak254. guiar - to lead, to guide255. gustar - to be pleasing (to), to like256. haber - to have (as an auxiliary, helping verb to form the compound tenses)257. habitar - to inhabit, to dwell, to live, to reside258. hablar - to talk, to speak259. hacer - to do, to make260. hallar - to find, to discover, to locate261. helar - to freeze262. heredar - to inherit263. herir - to harm, to hurt, to wound264. huir - to escape, to flee, to run away, to slip away265. ignorar - to be ignorant of, not to know266. impedir - to hinder, to impede, to prevent267. importar - to matter, to be important268. imprimir - to imprint, to impress, to print, to fix in the mind 269. incluir - to include, to enclose270. indicar - to indicate, to point out271. inducir - to induce, to influence, to persuade272. influir - to influence273. informarse - to inform oneself, to find out274. inscribir - to inscribe, to record, to register275. inscribirse - to enroll, to register276. insistir - to insist, to persist277. interesarse - to be interested in278. introducir - to introduce279. invitar - to invite280. ir - to go281. irse - to go away282. jugar - to play (a game, sport)283. juntar - to join, to unite, to connect284. jurar - to swear, to take an oath285. juzgar - to judge286. lanzar - to throw, to hurl, to fling, to launch287. lastimarse - to hurt oneself, to feel sorry for, to complain, to regret288. lavar - to wash289. lavarse - to wash oneself290. leer - to read291. levantar - to lift, to raise292. levantarse - to get up, to rise293. limpiar - to clean294. limpiarse - to clean oneself295. llamar - to call, to name296. llamarse - to call oneself, to be named297. llegar - to arrive298. llenar - to fill299. llevar - to carry (away), to take (away), to wear300. llorar - to weep, to cry, to whine301. llover - to rain302. luchar - to fight, to strive, to struggle, to wrestle303. maldecir - to curse304. manejar - to manage, to handle, to drive, to operate (a vehicle) 305. mantener - to maintain, to keep up, to support, to provide for 306. marcar - to mark, to note, to observe307. marchar - to walk, to march, to function (machine), to run (machine)308. marcharse - to go away, to leave309. matar - to kill310. medir - to measure, to weigh, to scan (verses)311. mejorar - to improve312. mencionar - to mention313. mentir - to lie, to tell a lie314. merecer - to merit, to deserve315. mirar - to look, to look at, to watch316. mirarse - to look at oneself, to look at each other (uno a otro, unos a otros)317. mojarse - to get wet, to wet oneself318. montar - to mount, to go up, to climb, to get on, to wind (a watch)319. morder - to bite320. morir - to die321. mostrar - to show, to point out322. mover - to move, to persuade, to excite323. mudarse - to change one's clothes, to change one's place of residence, to move324. nacer - to be born325. nadar - to swim326. navegar - to navigate, to sail327. necesitar - to need328. negar - to deny329. nevar - to snow330. obedecer - to obey331. observar - to observe332. obtener - to obtain, to get333. ocultarse - to hide oneself334. ocupar - to occupy335. ocurrir - to occur, to happen336. ofrecer - to offer337. oír - to hear338. oler - to smell, to scent339. olvidar - to forget340. oponer - to oppose341. ordenar - to order, to command, to put in order, to arrange 342. organizar - to organize, to arrange, to set up343. osar - to dare, to venture344. pagar - to pay345. parar - to stop (someone or something)346. pararse - to stop (oneself)347. parecer - to seem, to appear348. parecerse - to resemble each other, to look alike349. partir - to leave, to depart, to divide, to split350. pasar - to pass (by), to happen, to spend (time)351. pasearse - to take a walk, to parade352. pedir - to ask for, to request353. pegar - to beat, to hit, to slap, to stick, to glue, to paste 354. peinarse - to comb one's hair355. pensar - to think356. percibir - to perceive357. perder - to lose358. perdonar - to pardon, to forgive, to excuse359. permitir - to permit, to admit, to allow, to grant360. pertenecer - to pertain, to appertain, to belong361. pintar - to paint362. pintarse - to make up (one's face), to tint, to color (one's hair, lips, etc.)363. pisar - to tread (on), to step on, to trample364. placer - to gratify, to humor, to please365. platicar - to chat, to talk over, to discuss366. poder - to be able, can367. poner - to put, to place368. ponerse - to put on (clothing), to become, to set (of sun) 369. poseer - to possess, to own370. practicar - to practice371. predecir - to predict, to forecast, to foretell372. predicar - to preach373. preferir - to prefer374. preguntar - to ask, to inquire, to question375. preocuparse - to be concerned, to worry, to be worried376. preparar - to prepare377. prepararse - to be prepared, to get ready, to prepare oneself 378. presentar - to present, to display, to show, to introduce379. prestar - to lend380. principiar - to begin381. probar - to test, to prove, to try, to try on382. probarse - to try on (clothes)383. proclamar - to proclaim, to promulgate384. producir - to produce, to cause385. prohibir - to prohibit, to forbid386. pronunciar - to pronounce387. proteger - to protect388. pulir - to polish389. quedarse - to remain, to stay390. quejarse - to complain, to grumble391. quemar - to burn, to fire392. querer - to want, to wish393. quitarse - to take off (clothing), to remove oneself, to withdraw 394. raer - to scrape, to rub off, to erase, to wipe out395. realizar - to realize, to carry out, to fulfill396. recibir - to receive, to get397. recoger - to pick (up), to gather, to harvest398. recomendar - to recommend, to commend, to advise399. reconocer - to recognize, to acknowledge, to be grateful for 400. recordar - to remember, to recall, to remind401. referir - to refer, to relate402. regalar - to give as a present, to make a present of, to give as a gift403. regar - to water, to irrigate, to sprinkle404. regresar - to return, to go back, to regress405. reír - to laugh406. reírse - to laugh407. rellenar - to refill, to fill again, to stuff408. remitir - to remit, to forward, to transmit409. reparar - to mend, to repair, to notice, to observe410. repartir - to distribute, to deal cards411. repetir - to repeat412. resolver - to resolve, to solve (a problem)413. responder - to answer, to reply, to respond414. retirar - to retire, to withdraw415. retrasar - to delay, to retard416. reunirse - to assemble, to get together, to meet, to gather 417. revocar - to revoke, to repeal418. revolver - to revolve, to turn around, to turn over, to turn upside down419. robar - to rob, to steal420. rogar - to supplicate, to ask, to ask for, to request, to beg, to pray421. romper - to break, to shatter, to tear422. saber - to know, to know how423. sacar - to take out, to get424. sacudir - to shake, to jerk, to jolt425. salir - to go out, to leave426. saltar - to jump, to leap, to hop, to spring427. saludar - to greet, to salute428. satisfacer - to satisfy429. secar - to dry, to wipe dry430. secarse - to dry oneself431. seguir - to follow, to pursue, to continue432. señalar - to signal, to indicate, to point out, to show433. sentarse - to sit down434. sentir - to feel sorry, to regret, to feel435. sentirse - to feel (well, ill)436. separar - to separate, to detach, to sort, to set apart437. ser - to be438. servir - to serve439. socorrer - to help, to aid, to assist, to succor440. sofocar - to choke, to smother, to suffocate, to stifle441. soler - to be accustomed to, to be in the habit of, to have the custom of442. sollozar - to sob, to whimper443. someter - to subdue, to subject, to surrender, to submit 444. sonar - to ring, to echo, to resound, to sound445. soñar - to dream446. sonreír - to smile447. soplar - to blow, to blow out448. sorprender - to surprise, to astonish449. sospechar - to suspect450. sostener - to sustain, to support, to maintain, to uphold 451. subir - to go up, to come up, to climb, to rise, to mount, to geton (a train, bus, etc.)452. subrayar - to underline, to underscore, to emphasize453. subscribir - to subscribe, to agree with, to sign454. suceder - to happen455. sufrir - to suffer, to endure, to bear up, to undergo456. sugerir - to hint, to insinuate, to suggest457. sumergir - to submerge, to plunge, to immerse, to sink458. suponer - to suppose, to assume459. suprimir - to suppress, to abolish, to cancel (in mathematics), to eliminate460. surgir - to surge, to appear, to spout, to spurt461. suspirar - to sigh462. tañer - to pluck, to play (a stringed instrument)463. telefonear - to telephone464. telegrafiar - to telegraph, to cable465. temblar - to tremble, to quake, to quiver, to shake, to shiver 466. temer - to fear, to dread467. tender - to extend, to offer, to stretch, to spread out, to hang out (washing)468. tener - to have, to hold469. tentar - to examine by touch, to feel with the fingers, to attempt, to try470. terminar - to end, to terminate, to finish471. tirar - to pull, to draw, to pitch (a ball), to shoot (a gun), to throw, to fling472. tocar - to play (a musical instrument), to touch473. tomar - to take, to have (something to eat or to drink)474. tostar - to toast, to tan, to roast (coffee)475. trabajar - to work, to labor476. traducir - to translate477. traer - to bring478. tratar - to try, to treat a subject479. tropezar - to stumble, to blunder480. unir - to connect, to unite, to join, to bind, to attach481. usar - to use, to employ, to wear482. utilizar - to utilize483. vaciar - to empty484. valer - to be worth485. velar - to stay awake, to guard, to watch over486. vencer - to conquer, to overcome, to defeat487. vender - to sell488. venir - to come489. ver - to see490. vestirse - to dress oneself, to get dressed491. viajar - to travel492. vigilar - to watch (over), to keep guard, to look out for 493. visitar - to visit494. vivir - to live495. volar - to fly496. volver - to return, to go back497. votar - to vote, to vow498. yacer - to lie down, to be lying down, to lie in a grave 499. zumbar - to buzz, to hum, to flutter around500. zurcir - to darn, to mend。
西班牙语动词结构的总结都在这里！
西班⽛语动词结构的总结都在这⾥！引⾔在学习动词的⽤法的时候，很多初学者会迷茫。
为什么有些动词后⾯可以直接带原形动词；为什么有些动词后⾯要加A才能带原形动词；为什么有些动词后⾯要加DE才能带原形动词；为什么有些动词要加上⾃复格再加A才能放原形动词；为什么有些动词要加上⾃复格再加上DE才能放原形动词……我们今天这⼀篇推⽂，就给⼤家好好讲⼀下动词后⾯带原形动词的各种情况。
第⼀种情况这些动词后⾯直接加原形动词，动词+原形动词。
poder inf.¿Me puedes pasar ese lápiz?你可以把那⽀铅笔递给我吗？这是最常见的动词后⾯直接加原形动词的情况，poder表⽰能够、可以的意思。
querer/pensar inf.Quiero comer chocolate.我想吃巧克⼒。
同样地，querer也是西班⽛语中常见的动词，在它后⾯直接加原形动词表⽰想做某事。
saber inf.Mi hijo no sabe amarrarse los zapatos.我⼉⼦不会系鞋带。
动词saber后⾯直接加原形动词，表⽰会做某事，有能⼒做某事。
necesitar inf.Necesitan salir ya si quieren alcanzar su vuelo.如果诸位想赶上飞机，现在就必须出门了。
动词necesitar后⾯既可以加名词也可以加原形动词，表⽰需要做某事，必须做某事。
deber inf.Los culpables de delitos viales deben ser sancionados.这些道路犯罪应该受到惩罚。
在这⾥，deber加原形动词表⽰应该做某事，且后⾯是ser加过去分词的结构，表⽰被动。
hacer inf.La historia la hizo llorar.这个故事让她流泪。
动词hacer直接加原形动词，表⽰使某⼈怎么样，⽽这个⼈是做宾语，且是后⾯原形动词的主语。
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一直…《完》，时间状语、hasta/desde 搭配 老是做…，（不满、负面）
突然做…（出乎意料）
由某动作导致…不好结果 处于…状态（不满、负面）
使处于…状态《完》
到达某种地步
突然做…《完》echar a+动作类 V；echarse a +情感类 V
Tener que Deber
Deber de Hay que Haber de
刚刚做完…《未》 否 定 形 式 ：（ 不 满、焦虑）
一直处于…状态 《未》
允许（某 人）… 不得不（人） 责任。应该 做 猜测。想必 泛指 推测。必将
动词
ir Estar
Seguir
+ger (副动词=ing)
动词短语
+P.P.(过去分词=adj.)
a+ inf.
逐渐，一直
正在做 ቆ
一直做，时间状语、hasta/d致…结果
动作未间断进行 《未》
ቆ
ቇ
动作有间断进行 《完》
将要《未》 ×
por+inf para+inf. de+inf. .
就 要 生来就 将要 是…
sin+i +inf. nf.
还是 没有
Acabar tener llevar
最终 ， +ger 无否定形式
≈完成时态《未》 Tener 必须有直宾，P.P.与直 宾保持性数一致 一直处于…状态，与表示时间的直宾搭配《未》
=ger ， 有否定 形式
llegar guedar(se) andar echar(se)