10年高考英语真题单选分类汇编及解析2009-2018
10年高考英语真题单选分类汇编及解析-名词考查（2009-2018）
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2009高考英语单选-名词
1.(09安徽)31. China has got a good for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.
A. reputation
B. influence
C. impression
D. knowledge
2.（09浙江）6、The system has been designed to give students quick and easy to the digital resources of the library .
A access
B passage
C way
D approach
3.(09福建)29. The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any_ When the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April,2009.
A. delay
B. effort
C. schedule
D. onsideration
4.（09湖北）Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for
building.
A.respect
B.friendship
C.reputation
D.character
5.（09湖北）in our class, when the bell rang and the taacher closed his book, it was a for everyone to stand up. A.signal B.chance C.mark D. measure
6.(09天津)1. I’m trying to break the _______ of getting up too late .
A. tradition
B. convenience
C. habit
D. leisure
7.(09陕西) 20. Form their ________ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.
A. stage
B. position
C. condition
D. situation
8.(09山东)29.-------He says that my new car is a ____________ of money.
-------Don’t you think those words are just sour grapes?
A. lack
B. load
C. question
D. waste
9.(09江西)23. The ____________ shoes were covered with mud, so I asked them to take them off before they got into __________ car.
A. girl’s ; Tom’s
B. girls’; Toms’
C. girls’; Tom’s
D. girl’s; Toms’
10.（09 海南）6. Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard.
A. draw
B. strike
C. rush
D. push
参考答案：
1.【答案】A
2.【答案】A
3.【答案】A 名词词义辨析。delay：耽搁，延误；effort：努力；schedule：时间表；consideration：考虑，体谅；关心。题干意思是：当H1N1 型2009 年4月袭击墨西哥时，世界卫生组织毫不犹豫地向人们提
出了警告。选A。
4.【答案】D. 根据常识便可知运动既可增强体质也可强健个性，不会增强尊敬或名声，友谊可以增强，但与前面health 不搭配，故答案为character。
5.【答案】A. 根据句意可知打铃及老师合上书本，这是下课的暗示，选项中只能选择signal。chance“机会”，mark“分数，痕迹”，measure “ 方法，措施”。
6.【答案】C
7.【答案】B 名词词义辨析；stage：舞台，时期，阶段；position ：位置；condition ：条件，情况；situation：形式，情况；情景；根据空前的物主代词their 可以推断出此处选B。题干意思是：从他们在电视塔顶部的位置，游客们可以更好地看到这个城市的景色。
8.【答案】D 考查单词的区别：lack 缺乏；load 负担；question 疑问；waste 浪费；根据句意，尤其是下句的sour grapes(酸葡萄)可知答案选D。
9.【答案】C 名词所有格形式。根据题干后半部分的them 可知对应复数girls。此题较易
10.【答案】D。【解析】句意为：鼓励你的孩子去尝试新事物,但不要把它们太难了。push 推，挤，逼迫；strike v. 打,罢工,划燃rush v. 冲进,匆促行事,催draw v. 拉,拖,挨近,提取,画,绘制。根据句意，应选D。
2010高考英语单选-名词
1. (安徽卷25).I haven‘t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond_______ .
A. hearing
B. strength
C. recognition
D. measure
2.(湖北卷21). This restaurant has become popular for its wide________ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
A. division
B. area
C. range
D. circle
3. (湖北卷22). After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide______
for the homeless families.
A. accommodation
B. occupation
C. equipment
D. furniture
4.(江苏卷22). The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good_____.
A. expectation
B. reputation
C. contribution
D. civilization
5.(江西卷35. Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached
200,000, a(n) ________of 40,000 per year.
A. average
B. number
C. amount
D. quantity
6.(山东卷33). Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.
A. relief
B. safety
C. defense
D. shelter
7.(天津卷3). James took the magazines off the little table to make _______ for the television.
A. room
B. area
C. field
D. position
8.(浙江卷16). The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don't give you any direct ______ .
A.solution
B. target
C. measure
D. function
1.答案：C. 考点：本题考查名词辨析。解析：hearing意为“听力”；strength意为“力气；力量”；recognition 意为“认出；识别；认识”；measure意为“测量；措施”。句意为“,,她变得认不出来了。”
2.答案: B 考点：名词/名词短语解析：此题不仅考察学生对于四个选项的认知，更重要的是要理解句子的含义。“这家餐馆越来越出名是由于它做的各种各样的食物适应各种类型人群。”“a range of ”强调一个系列，而“a wide range of”意为“各种各样的”。正好符合题意。从句子结构来讲，这个句子属于典型的“从句套从句”。“for”引导原因状语从句，“that”引导定语从句。
3.答案: D 考点：名词解析：512的汶川地震，414玉树地震。天灾“earthquake”相信是很多考生都准备过的一个话题。所以相关词汇“accommodation”表示“住处”应该是考生们准备的系列词汇之一。这道题难度不大，句子结构也相对简单。只要背过这几个词，知道“occupation”表示“占用”或者“工作，职业”；“furniture”表示“ 家具”；“equipment”表示“设备，器材”就能选出正确答案D了。
4.选B，reputation 表示名声而expectation是期望的意思。Contribution是贡献的意思。Civilization是文明的意思。
5.答案：A. 考点：考察名词。解析：a number of 许多amount of 一般加不可数名词表金额, a quantity of 既可以加可数也可以加不可数, 但没有平均每年增加的意思。
6.答案:A 考点：本题考查名词在具体语境的使用。解析：句意应为“那些头痛的人会发现这种药物能使头痛缓解。”所以A项意义符合句意, relief 表示“缓解，减轻，解除”。safety表示“安全，保险”；defense 表示“防御，防护”；shelter表示“掩蔽，保护”。
7.答案：A. 考点：考查名词意义和用法。句意：詹姆斯把杂志从小桌子上拿下了，目的是为电视腾出空间。解析：make room for是固定搭配，意思是“为,,让空”的意思，其中的room是不可数名词。
8.答案：A 考点：本题考查名词辨析。解析：分析四个选项：solution解决方法；target目标；measure措施；function功能。根据句意：学校的建议者们帮助你分析问题，但是他们不会给你直接的解决方法。
2011高考英语单选-名词
1.（2011 湖北卷）21. “ Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire! ” the mother shouted, with clearly ________in her voice.
A. anger
B. rudeness
C. regret
D. panic
2.（2011 湖北卷）22. Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big _______, but now
I know it was the best decision I ever made.
A. project
B. commitment
C. competition
D. ambition
3.（2011 山东卷）3
4. There’s a _____ in our office that when it ’s somebody’s birthda y, they bring in a cake for us all to share.
A. tradition
B. balance
C. concern
D. relationship
4.（2011 江西卷）31. What ’ s the ______ , in your opinion, of helping him if he doesn ’ t make an
effort to help himself?
A. sympathy
B. theme
C. object
D. point
5.（2011 江苏卷）27. Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their
professional _______.
A. consequence
B. independence
C. competence
D. intelligence
6.（2011 浙江卷）18. Anyway, I can ’ t cheat him --- it ’ s against all my ______.
A. emotions
B. principles
C. regulations
D. opinions
7.（2011 福建卷）26.The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major ____
of global climate change.
A.result
B.cause
C.warning
D.reflection
8.（2011 四川卷）13. Always remember to put su ch dangerous things as lives out children ’s _____.
A.touch
B. sight
C. reach
D. distance
参考答案：
1.解析：本题考查名词词义辨析。句意：“Tommy，快跑！快点！房子着火了！”母亲大声喊着，声音中明显透着恐慌。anger生气；rudeness粗鲁；regret后悔；panic恐慌。根据句意可知应选Ｄ项。答案：Ｄ
2.解析：本题考查名词词义辨析。句意：“放弃我的工作并重新接受全日制教育是一个重大的决定，但现在我知道这是我做过的最好决定。” project项目；commitment承诺，投入，花费；competition竞赛，比赛；ambition雄心，志向。根据句意可知应选Ｂ项。答案：Ｂ
3. 解析：考查词汇意义。句意“在我们办公室有一个长期以来形成的做法是当时某个人的生日的时候，他们会拿来一个蛋糕来分享”A “tradition”[C] belief or custom passed on in this way; any long-established method, practice, etc 传统的信仰和风俗; 长期以来形成的方法﹑做法等。balance [c][u]天平；平衡，concern “担心；担忧；关心”，relation “关系；亲戚“ 。答案：A.
4. 解析：句意：在你看来，如果他不努力帮助自己，我们帮他又有什么意义呢？the point of
doing sth.“做某事的意义”，为固定结构。答案：Ｄ
命题立意：本题考查名词短语固定搭配。难度中等。
5. 解析：本题考查名词辨析。句意：老师们必须不断更新知识，保持他们的职业能力。Consequence 是“结果，后果”;independence是“独立，自主”;competence是“能力，竞争力”;intelligence是“智力，理解力”。所以正确答案为C。答案：C
6. 解析：句意：无论如何我不能骗他———这违背了我的原则。emotion感情，情感，情绪；principle 原理，原则，行为准则，为人之道；regulation规则，条例，法规；opinion看法，主意，主张。所以
Ｂ项符合逻辑，表示“原则”之意。答案：Ｂ
命题立意：本题考查名词的意义辨析。解答此类题目的关键是理清题干意义和逻辑，找出符合语境的最佳选项。难度中等。
7. 解析：句意：公众缺乏环境保护的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的一个主要原因。result结果；cause 起因；warning警告，告诫；reflection反映。由语境和句意可知：lack是原因，change是结果。故Ｂ项正确。答案：Ｂ
命题立意：本题结合语境考查名词词义的辨析。
8. 解析：本题考查名词辨析。句意：永远都要记得把那些刀子之类的具有危险性的东西放到孩子们够不到的地方。touch “联系”；sight “视野”；distance“距离”；reach “伸手可及的范围”，此处与out of构成短语out of one’s reach，指“在某人够不到的地方”，符合句意。答案：Ｃ
2012高考英语单选-名词
1.（2012 全国卷II）⒚The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great _________
in this city.
A. quality
B. progress
C. production
D. demand
2.（2012 湖北）25. The furniture, with its modem style and bright colors, suits modem houses and
their gardens, but looks ________ in the garden of a traditional home.
A. out of question
B. out of order
C. out of sight
D. out of place
3.（2012 湖北）29. It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye
disease that may not have any_______.
A. symptom
B. similarity
C. sample
D. shadow
4.（2012 湖北）30. The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct in applying for a visa.
A. pattern
B. procedure
C. program
D. perspective
5.（2012 福建）25. –Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?
-- Well, you know, English is my _______. So it is my best choice.
A. strength
B. talent
C. ability
D. skill
6.（2012 福建）26. China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ______ all its citizens.
A. in charge of
B. for the purpose of
C. in honor of
D. for the benefit of
7.（2012 山东）24. My first ____ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
A. expression
B. attention
C. satisfaction
D. impression
8.（2012 天津）3. You are wor king too hard. You ‘d better keep a ____ between work and relaxation.
A. promise
B. lead
C. balance
D. diary
9.（2012 江西）29. You ‘d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future _____.
A. purpose
B. reference
C. progress
D. memory
10.（2012 四川）15. He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It ‘s just a matter of
_____.
A. luck
B. value
C. time
D. fact
11.（2012 浙江）7. Your ____ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.
A. operation
B. growth
C. performance
D. character
12.（2012 江苏）— Can I help you with it?
—I appreciate your ______, but I can manage it myself.
A. advice
B. question
C. offer
D. idea
13.（2012 江苏）29. —Thank God you‘re safe!
—I stepped back, just ______ to avoid the racing car.
A. in time
B. in case
C. in need
D. in vain
参考答案
1.【答案】D
【解析】此处quantity 数量；progress 进步；production 生产；demand要求。这里be in
great demand意为：需求量很大，畅销。句意：《哈利波特》很受欢迎；在这个城市有很大的
需求量。
2.【答案】D.
【解题思路】句意为：这套家具款式新潮，色泽明丽，与新式房屋和花园配套，但看起来与传统的房子和花园不相称。D项意为“与……不相称”，符合句意。A项意为“毫无疑问”，B项意为“次序颠倒”，C项意为“看不见”，都与句意不符。
3. 【答案】A
【解题思路】句意为：定期检查眼睛看看是否有眼疾症状很重要。A 项意为“症状” ，符合句意；B 项意为“类似” ，C项意为“样本” ，D项意为“阴影” ，都与语意不符。
4. 【答案】B.
【解题思路】句意为：这位官员坚持认定Michael 没有按照正确的程序申请签证。B项意为“程序”，符合句意；A项意为“模式” ，C项意为“节目” ，D 项意为“远景” ，都与语意不符
5. 【答案】B.
【解题思路】：考察名词词义辨析。根据后半句的进一步解释“So it is my best choice”“这是我最好的选择”可知本空指的的是“英语是我的强项”，strength意为“优势，强项”与weakness是反义词。
6.【答案】D.
【解题思路】in charge of掌管，负责；for the purpose of为了……目的；in honor of为了纪念……；for the benefit of为了……的利益。句意为：为了所有公民的利益，中国一直在推动公立医院的改革。根据句意可知D 项意思最符合。
7.【答案】A
【解题思路】A. expression表达；B. attention注意；C. satisfaction满意；D. impression印象。
句意：我对他的第一印象是他是一个善良和周到的年轻人。故选D。
8.【答案】C.
【解题思路】你工作太幸苦了，你最好要保持工作和休息间的平衡！所以，这里应该选C。
选项A承诺；B领导，引导；D日记，日常
9.【答案】B.
【解题思路】你最好写下这个餐馆的号码以便日后参考用。for future reference 是一个常用词组搭配，表示“以供日后参考”。
10.【答案】C.
【解题思路】C 本题考查名词辨析。句意为：他迟早会渐渐理解你付出的努力的。这
只是个时间的问题。根据句意选C。
11.【答案】C
【解析】根据句意：作为一个学生，你的学习（performance ）会很棒的如果你能够养成对所
学的的东西进行反思的话。operation 操作、手术；growth 增长；character 人物、角色，均
不符合语境，故排除。
12.【答案】C
【解析】句意为：——我可以帮你吗？——我感激你的提议“ offer ”，但我自己能设法做
的。offer 意为“提议”，符合题意。A意为“建议，劝告”；B意为“问题”；D意为“想法，
主意”。
13.【答案】A
【解析】A及时；B以防；C需要；D徒劳；句意：—谢天谢地，我们终于安全了。—我向后退了一步，及时避开驶来的汽车。根据句意说明A正确
2013高考英语单选-名词
1.（2013湖北）21. Poetry written from the ______ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.
A. perspective
B. priority
C. participation
D.privilege
2.（2013湖北）22. Carbon dioxide, which makes a ______ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.
A. difference
B. comparison
C. connection
D. barrier
3.（2013湖北）30. An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ______ a long lost antique Greek vase.
A. at random
B. by chance
C. in turn
D. on occasion
4.（2013 江苏）33. With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a for the better.
A. share
B. chance
C. turn
D. lead
5.（2013江西）22. Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with ______.
A. curiosity
B. satisfaction
C. envy
D. patience
6.（2013辽宁）23. The accident caused some______ to my car, but it ’s nothing serious.
A. harm
B. injury
C. ruin
D. damage
7.（2013天津）7. While she was in Paris, she developed a for fine art.
A. way
B. relation
C. taste
D. habit
8.（2013浙江）4. As the world ’s population continues to grow, the ______ of food becomes more and more of a concern.
A. worth
B. supply
C. package
D. list
9.（2013福建）23. The famous musician, as well as his students, _______ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.
A.were invited
B. was invited
C. have been invited
D. has been invited
答案解析：
1.【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:从城市青年的角度写的诗歌往往揭示他们因缺乏归属感而焦虑的现状。A项“角度”;B项“优先考虑的事”;C项“参加”;D项“特权”。根据句意可知选A 项。
2.选D。句意：二氧化碳是我们和太阳之间的一道屏障，它使地球上的热量不容易释放出大气层，于是地球就变得越来越暖和。四个名词选项的主要含义：difference“分歧，区别”；comparison“比较”；connection“联系”；barrier“障碍，屏障”。语境说地球的热量因二氧化碳而不容易释放出大气层，因此这里选D，表示“障碍，屏障”。
3.B考查介词短语辨析。句意：一位最近乘坐渡船到这个南部岛屿旅行的艺术家偶然发现了一个丢失已久的希腊古董花瓶。at random随意地，随机地；by chance偶然，意外地；in turn依次，轮流；on occasion偶尔，有时。B项符合句意。
4.【解析】选C。考查名词的固定搭配。句意:受到其他饮食文化的启发,美国饮食文化有望好转。take a turn for the better为固定短语,意为“好转”。
5.【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意:无论我什么时候犯错误,老师都耐心地把它们指出来。curiosity意思是“好奇”;satisfaction意思是“满意”;envy意思是“羡慕,嫉妒”;patience意思是“耐心”。根据句意,选D。
6.【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意:这起事故对我的车造成了一些损伤,但是并不严重。A项指各种伤害、危害。常构成do harm to结构;B项指伤口,多指人体上的伤害;C项表示毁灭;D项多用于物品的损坏,是可以复原的。故选D。
7.【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意:在巴黎时,她对美术产生了兴趣。way方法,道路;relation关
系,亲戚;taste味道,品味,欣赏;habit习惯。根据句意选C。
8.【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:随着世界人口的持续增加,食物供应越来越受人们关注。worth价值,用途;supply供应;package包裹;list名单,清单。故选B。
9.选B。题干的意思是：“这位著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请为2012年台北花卉展的开幕式表演。”“被邀请”是一个发生在过去的动作，而且不表示对现在造成了影响，也不表示动作持续到现在，所以不能选用完成时。根据主谓一致的语法规则，A as well as B作主语时，遵循“就前原则”，也就是说谓语动词要和A保持一致。也可以理解为本句的主语是A而不是B，所以本题谓语动词的数要和the famous musician保持一致，用was invited。
2014高考英语单选-名词
1．(2014 安徽卷)29．—Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one?
—That's a good______.
A. saying
B. question
C. suggestion
D. account
2．(2014 福建卷)26. —Could you tell me the______ of making such tasty cakes? —Well, I just follow the
directons in the cookbook.
A. feature
B. plan
C. cost
D. trick
3．(2014 湖北卷)21. Her ______ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.
A. motivation
B. qualification
C. talent
D. technique
4．(2014 湖北卷)22. When Richard said, ―You are much more agreeable and prettier now, ‖Joan ‘s face the unexpected ______.
A. command
B. comparison
C. compliment
D. contribution
5．(2014 湖南卷)32. All we need______ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
A. are
B. was
C. is
D. were
6．(2014 江苏卷)27. She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful ______ in last year's election.
A. symbol
B. portrait
C. identity
D. statue
7．(2014 天津卷)3.Wind is now the world’ fastest growing ______ of power.
A. source
B. sense
C. result
D. root
8．(2014 浙江卷)6. We most prefer to say yes to the ______ of someone we know and like.
A. attempts
B. requests
C. doubts
D. promises
1.【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:——如果你没有足够的钱买新的,为什么不先买一辆二手车呢?——那是一个好建议。suggestion建议;saying谚语;question问题;account账目,账户,描述。
2.【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:——你能告诉我做出如此可口的蛋糕的窍门吗?——好的,我仅仅按照食谱中的说明去做的。trick窍门,技巧;feature特色;plan计划;cost成本。根据答语的句意可知选D。
3.【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意:她写作的动力是渴望妇女能得到接受高等教育的权利。motivation“动机;动力”,符合句意。qualification“资格”;talent“天赋”;technique“技巧”。
4.【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意:当理查德说“你现在更讨人喜欢且更漂亮了”时,琼听到这突如其来的称赞脸红了。compliment“称赞;恭维”,符合句意。command“命令”;comparison“比
较”;contribution“贡献”。
5.考查主谓一致及时态用法。句中的主语为代词all，代指的是物，故谓语动词用单数形式。再根据从句中的can可以判断用一般现在时。句意：我们所需要的是一小块土地，在整个一年的生长季节，我们能够种各种不同的水果树。故C正确。
6.【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:她两年前被软禁但是在去年的选举中仍然显示很强势的象征。symbol象征,符合句意。portrait肖像;identity身份;statue形象,雕像。
7.试题分析：句意：风现在是世界上增长最快的电力资源。source 资源；sense感觉、意识；result 结果；root根源。结合语境可知选A。
8.【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意:我们大部分人都喜欢对于认识和喜欢的人的要求表示同意。attempt试图,企图;request要求;doubt疑惑,疑虑;promise许诺。根据句意可知B项正确。
2015高考英语单选-名词
1.（2015 ·安徽）30. There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know.
A. thought
B. support
C. protection
D. authority
2.（2015 ·湖北）21. When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ______ and had a bad fall.
A. balance
B. chance
C. memory
D. place
3.（2015 ·福建）2
4. The failure was a big ______ to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
A. blow
B. issue
C. excuse
D. factor
4.（2015 ·湖北）22. He gave himself a new name to hide his ______ when he went to carry out the secret task.
A. emotion
B. talent
C. identity
D. treasure
5.（2015 ·江苏）32. Some schools will have to make ______ in agreement with the national soccer