2019年中考英语试卷及解析
英语试卷 第1页（共34页）
英语试卷 第2页（共34页）
绝密★启用前
2019年初中毕业生学业水平考试
英 语
(满分110分,考试时间120分钟)
一、语法选择(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A 、B 、C 和D 项中选出最佳选项。
The first astronauts
Since the earliest times, people have looked up at the stars, the moon and the planets. Today people use modern machines 1 at the sky. This is very different from the situation 2 years ago when people could only use their eyes. Perhaps they dreamed of 3 the universe.
When did humans first go into space? The story began not so very long ago, 4 the first astronauts were not people-they were animals.
Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as 5 as possible for humans. So they decided to experiment with animals and test 6 in spaceflights. Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals 7 first went into space. Many of them 8 , but they helped to make space travel safer for humans. For their great service, we 9 forget these animals.
Albert Ⅱ was the first monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly he died 10 his spaceship landed back on Earth.
11 ,the result was different for Ham the Monkey. His story ended happily when he return to earth 12 very good health.
Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question: could 13 animal like Ham do the same things in space as he could do on Earth? The answer came when Ham 14 into space in 1961. Yes, he did everything well and lived for 15 16 years 1. A look
B. to look
C. looking
D. looked 2. A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of
D. thousands of 3. A explore B to explore C explored D. exploring 4. A. as B. or
C. but
D. so 5. A. safe
B. safer
C. safest
D. the safest
6. A. they B. them C. their
D. theirs
7. A whom B. what C. that
D. whose 8. A. die B. died C have died D. will die 9. A shouldn’t B. may not C.don’t have to D. needn’t 10. A. if
B. because
C. after
D. since 11. A. Luck B. Luck C. Luck D. Luckily 12. A. at B. on C. in D.for 13. A. a B. an
C. the
D. / 14. A. send
B. sent
C. is sent
D. was sent 15. A. another
B. other
C. others
D. the others
二、完形填空(共10小题；每小题15分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~25各题所给的A 、B 、C 和D 项中选出最佳选项。
John suddenly jumped off the swing without even slowing down. He called out nervously, “Mom, where's Charlie?” He had just 16 he hadn't seen his new puppy for over an hour.
John looked around the garden, behind the bushes, and under the picnic table. No dog! His mother heard 17 in his voice as he called her a second time.” Mom, I can't find Charlie!”
She came outside 18 . “Let's look around the garden first. Don, t wor ry. I'm sure he's close by.”
Both son and mother were 19 now, but still no Charlie. Their calls were not completely wasted, though. Joe, the next-door neighbor, and his two daughters Tania and Julie, immediately agreed to help them 20 the lost dog.
But even with five people now searching the town's streets, they had no luck. Charlie was still 21 .
Tania suggested they make posters with Charlie’s 22 She had done this when her own cat was lost a year earlier, she told John, and the cat was found the next day.
John agreed. When they got home, he made a poster with a photo of Charlie, Then John heard a 23 and opened his bedroom door. It was Charlie. John was greeted with a big wet kiss Charlie had been 24 in the bedroom this whole time, sleeping. John had never been so 25 in his life! 16. A. decided
B. forgotten
C. understood
D. realized
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毕业学校_____________ 姓名________________ 考生号________________
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17. A. anger B. hope C. fear D. warning
18. A. actively B. quickly C. carelessly D annoyingly
19. A. shouting B. talking C fighting D. thinking
20. A. give up B. look for C. run after D. take care of
21. A. missing B asleep C. take D quiet
22. A. address B. character C name D. picture
23. A. message B. noise C. voice D. song
24. A. shut B. woke C. tied D. saved
25 A. afraid B silly C happy D proud
三、阅读(共两节；满分45分)
第一节阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从26~45各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
A
An elephant and a crocodile were once standing
beside river. They were disputing which was the
better animal。
“Look at my strength,” said the elephant. “I can
pull up a tree, roots and all, with my trunk”
“Ah! But your skin is not nearly so thick as mine,” replied the crocodile. “No knife or tooth can cut through it.”
Just as they were coming to blows, a lion happened to pass.
“My dear friends!” said the King of all animals, going up to them. “Let me know the cause of your disagreement.”
“Will you kindly tell us which is the better animal?” cried both at once.
Certainly,
“Said the lion, pointing across the river.” Do you see the soldier’s metal hat on that wall?”
“Yes!” replied the beasts.
“Well, then,” continued the lion, “go and get it, and bring it to me, and I shall be able then to decide between you.”
Upon hearing this, off they started. The crocodile, being used to the water, reached the opposite side of the river first, and was soon standing beside the wall.
Here he waited till the elephant came up. The elephant, seeing that the crocodile had no way of reaching their goal, raised his long trunk, and took down the hat quite easily.
They then made their way together back again across the river. The elephant was trying to keep up with the fast-moving crocodile in the water and became careless. When he was forced to turn sharply to avoid a floating tree branch, the elephant dropped the hat and it fell to the river bottom. The crocodile noticed the accident, so down he dived, and brought it up in his huge mouth. They then returned, and the crocodile laid the metal hat at the lion's feet. The King took it up, and turning to the elephant, said, “You, because of your size and trunk, were able to reach the hat on the wall but, having lost it, you were unable to get it back. And you,” said the lion to the crocodile, “although unable to reach the hat, were able to dive for it and save it. You are both wise and able in your own ways. One is no better than the other.”
26. The underlined word “disputing” in Paragraph I means _____.
A. playing
B. quarrelling
C. complaining
D. deciding
27. What did the crocodile think was best about himself?
A. His big mouth.
B. His strong skin.
C. His swimming skill.
D. His dangerous teeth.
28. How did the lion deal with the animals’ disagreement?
A. He ordered them to fight.
B. He made a quick decision.
C. He suggested a competition.
D. He asked them to describe themselves.
29. What caused the elephant to drop the hat?
A. The hat got wet in the river.
B. He hit a floating tree branch.
C. He was trying to swim too fast.
D. He wanted to fight the crocodile.
30. How were the elephant and the crocodile able to complete their task?
A. By working together.
B. planning carefully.
C. By sharing their ideas.
D. By listening to the lion.
B
They say that “travel is the best teacher” and there is no better example of this idea than the Ming dynasty travel writer and geographer Xu Xiake(1587-1641). His book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake, not only encouraged a love of travelling among Chinese people but provided important scientific information about the country's land and geography.
Born into a wealthy Jiangyin family, Xu became interested in books about different
places at an early age and wanted to travel. When he was 18, however. Xu's father died and so,
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it seemed, did his travelling dreams. He now was responsible for the family farm and taking care of his 60-year-old mother as tradition required.
But his mother had different ideas. Understanding her son’s love of travel and valuing the knowledge he could get from such experiences, this modern-thinking woman refused to keep her son at home. She agreed that Xu could travel for three months every year, when there was less farm work.
So at the age of twenty and with his mother's support, Xu set off for the first time,
leaving behind not only his mother but his new wife as well. He would repeat this goodbye each year for most of the next 30 years. During this time, he travelled throughout the Ming kingdom, carefully studying the lands he passed through and recording his experiences and many discoveries in a diary. This diary, which once had over 500 000 words, would eventually become The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake .
Although rich, Xu avoided comfortable travel, preferring to go almost everywhere on foot. This way he could research the environment in detail and get a true picture of the natural world. Many of his trips were to hard-to-reach mountain areas, and through wild forests where few people lived. His willingness to face hardships came at a cost however. Progress was slow and tiring and he was frequently sick, robbed and beaten during his journeys.
Sadly Xu became seriously ill during his last and longest journey, a 4-year trip through the Southwest of China. He died in 1641, soon after returning to his hometown for the last time. When his diary was finally printed years after his death, much of it had been destroyed or lost. Although incomplete, it still made Xu a travelling legend around the world. 31. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The general details of Xu Xiake’s life story.
B. The difficulties Xu Xiake faced in his travels.
C. The important discoveries made by Xu Xiake.
D. The influence of Xu's book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake . 32. Which of the following best describes Xu's mother? A. Strict but interesting. B. Kind but uneducated. C. Helpful and hardworking. D. Supportive and open-minded.
33. Why did Xu prefer walking during his travels?
A. It gave him the chance to meet different kinds of people.
B. It helped him to save money and travel for a longer time.
C. It allowed him to see and study the environment in detail.
D. It was the only way to reach the places he was interested in. 34. What is true about Xu's book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake ? A. It was only made public after Xu died. B. It made Xu very famous during his lifetime. C. It was the first travel book ever written in China. D. It was mainly about the different people of China.
35. What is the correct order for the f ollowing events from Xu’s life? a. He went on his first journey. b. His book was finally printed.
C. He returned to his hometown for the last time. d. He developed an interest in books about other places. e. He started managing the family farm after his father died. A. a-e-d-c-b B. d-e-a-c-b C. d-e-a-b
D. e-d-a-b-c C
Should Museum Entry Be Free?
With International Museum Day coming up, today we are asking readers: Should museums be free or should people have to pay for a ticket? Let us know your view. Comments:
Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free. While museums need a huge amount of money to operate, let the wealthy pay for it. The idea of a person or child interested in art not being able to view it because of cost is wrong.
Krista Chen (US)—Age 15
Free entry does not attract people or encourage them to appreciate art. Generally people
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