2012.9.22 雅思阅读预测-成都新航道陈海东(1)

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雅思阅读真题附答案及解析

智课网IELTS备考资料雅思阅读真题附答案及解析摘要：雅思阅读真题附答案及解析，雅思阅读真题附答案及解析是小编整理汇总的最新的雅思阅读真题，在如此紧张的备考环节，大家就应该多看看雅思阅读真题，会大大提高你的效率，更多精彩内容请关注小马科技雅思频道官网。

Passage 1主题：科技类 (新题)题目：英国的酒精燃料题型：填空，判断文章大意：乙醇作为新燃料的提炼过程和与汽油的对比参考答案：1-5 判断题1.因果农民不太可能会为了制造乙醇燃料大种甘蔗 (True)2.在的农名讲扩大生产更多乙醇植物 (True)3.A gallon ethanol have more engineer than a gallon gasoline. (NG)4.在将来美国将会有充足的crop在制造氢气。

(false)5.乙醇的生产者会尽量减少生产过程中使用的能量。

(NG)6-10 填空题distillerligninremainsbioreactorfiber备考建议：科技类文章不太好理解，而且生词会比较多。

建议大家在考前可以多多积累相关题材的词汇。

参考阅读：C542Passage 2题材：历史考古类 (旧题)题目：costal archaeology of Britain题型：单选，判断，多选参考答案：单选：B，C， D判断题：True， False, True, False, NG, True, True多选：BDF备考建议：历史类文章不难理解，且这篇文章的题型都是顺序题型，为我们做题大大降低了难度。

参考阅读：C7T1P1 Let’s go, batsPassage 3：题材：语言类题目：The Origin of Language文章大意：语言的起源，语言与音乐的关系参考阅读：C931 Attitudes to Language以上就是小马过河雅思频道小编为大家汇总的雅思阅读真题附答案及解析，希望同学们能静下心来准备下一轮的考试，加油!成功是属于你们的。

雅思阅读预测真题库5参考答案

Novice and expertprinciples and rules/mentor/journeyman/patterns of behavior/complex FALSE/TRUE/TRUE/NOT GIVEN/FALSEmodels/consensus/manifestationsMuseum BlockbusterC /A /B /BCustomers/public relation skills /(the new) museology /tourist attractions A D/B C ESir Francis Ronalds and TelegraphG/A/E/D/ILetters and numbers(or alphabet and numbers)/glass tubes/800km/frictional-electricity(machine)D/A/E/C/GBestcom-Considerate ComputingFALSE/TRUE/TRUE/TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVENclues/relationship/message/reschedule/mail/cellphone/meetingVideo Game’s Unexpected Benefits to Human Brain C / D / B / D /NOT GIVE / TRUE / NOT GIVEN / FALSE /C / F / B / E / A /Fossil Files --- the Paleobiology Database iii/i/ii/vi/v/ivB/D/C/B/D/B/CScent of Success1-6题的NB可以忽略C/B/A/F/G/E/B/D/A/E/D/C/BA New Ice AgeD/C/A/D/B/A/B/Cheat/denser/Great Ocean Conveyor/freshwater/southwardSoviet’s New Working Weeki/xii/ii/x/i/ix/v/viiC/A/DYuri Larin/color-coding/familyThe PersuadersYES/NOT GIVEN/YES/NOB/C/D/Ctrolleys/aisles/loyalty card/cosmetics/groupWater Filterclay/water/straw/cow manure/950 degrees/60 minutes FALSE/TRUE/NOT GIVEN/NOT GIVENC/D/AMungo ManTRUE/NOTGIVEN /TRUE/ FALSE /TRUE /NOTGIVENA /E /A /B /C /D /B / ABamboo, A Wonder plantE/D/B/A/D/C/B/A/B/B/Dsoil erosion/paperThe Gap of IngenuityC/A/B/D/B/B/C/YES/YES/YES/NO/NOT GIVEN/YES/NOCorporate Soical Responsibility v/viii/iv/vii/i/iii/iiequal opportunity/internal costC/C/A/BAmateur NaturalistsB/C/H/G/E/D/ABeekepping/life cycle/droughtC/B/A/AThomas Young : The Last True Know-It-AllTRUE/FALSE/FALSE/FALSE/TRUE/TRUE/NOT GIVENhuman eye(or human eye accommodation)/Indo-European/Richard Brocklesby/Royal Institution/gas lightingHow to Achieve Happinessvi/vii/iv/ix/iiB/D/A/C/B/D/F/BAquaculture in New Zealand忽略NBF/E/D/I/GFuel/power/water streams/contaminant/harvesting/Government B5(target)/increase(producing/production)capacity/photosynthesisConsecutive and Simultaneous TranslationB/D/C/C/A2-3 seconds/10 seconds/100-120/200/95-164B/C/E/FThe Future Never Dies?YES/NO/YES/NG/NO/NGtemperature/(molten)rock(or ash)/food/tidal wave/ice age/rocket/D。

2012年雅思阅读上半年总结及下半年预测

2012年雅思阅读上半年总结及下半年预测本文由新航道雅思整理发布【名师简介】费扬：北京新航道学校雅思阅读、托福口语、SAT阅读主讲。

香港科技大学硕士。

热情开朗，喜爱运动。

毕业于人大附中，高中毕业后于香港科技大学获得本科及硕士学位。

授课风格激情幽默，中英文发音纯正，语速快，信息量大。

教学逻辑清晰，重点突出。

所教授的星座，神话，美文鉴赏Club更是深受学生喜欢。

根据上表我们可以得出上半年的出题概况如下：生物学一共：15篇历史学一共: 11篇社会学一共：10篇工程学一共：8篇环境学一共: 7篇管理学一共：6篇语言学一共: 3篇艺术学一共: 2篇医药学一共：2篇天文学一共：1篇心理学一共：1篇分析：生物学一共：15篇通过以上统计，生物学一如既往地占据考试文章体裁的最大份额。

这一点从剑桥雅思8这一本真题集里面也可以看出来。

因此同学们应该继续重视该体裁类的文章，对于真题集里面出现的生物类型文章必须认真对待。

历史学一共：11篇从今年上半年出题情况来看，历史学所占有的比重相比于去年有所增加了。

历来由于历史学涉及到一些较为难以理解的文艺词汇，同学们一直对这一类型的文章很头疼。

因此做好这类文章，解决词汇问题是关键。

社会学一共：10篇这一类文章由于相对内容和日常的社会生活比较接近，因此同学们普遍感觉相对良好。

但是要切记，莫要动用自己的常识，否则丢分的话是非常不值当的!工程学一共：8篇文科的同学对于该类的文章是非常的痛苦，但是剑桥雅思8里面也出现了数量相当的该类文章。

工程学文章的特点是难度较高，内容脱离实际。

但是优点就是语言相对直白，因此同学们在面对这类文章时候必须要放下心里包袱，努力理解文章内容。

环境学一共：7篇相比于去年这类题材的文章，数量有所下降了。

但是不代表这类的文章就不重要。

这类文章有一个特点就是，所有的环境生态类的文章里面会蕴含着大量的共同词汇。

因此只要我们把真题集里面的相同类型文章搞定，积累好那些高频的词汇，问题就不大了。

雅思阅读真题

雅思阅读真题雅思阅读真题还在为雅思考试熬夜奋战的小伙伴们看过来!为了帮助你们更好进行复习，店铺特地整理了历年考试结束后网友的真题回忆，希望大家通过自己的努力最终拿下满意的成绩!一、考试概述本次考试的文章是三篇旧文章，难度中等。

包含考古科学、生物科学以及商业三个领域的文章。

二、具体题目分析Passage 1题目：Ahead of the time题号：旧题参考文章：Mammoth KillMammoth is any species of the extinct genus Mammoths, proboscideans commonly equipped with long，curved tusks and in northern species, a covering of long hair. They lived from the Ptiocene epoch from around 5 million years ago，into the Hotocene at about 4，500 years ago，and were members of the family Elephantidae, which contains, along with mammoths, the two genera of modern elephants and their ancestors.ALike their modern relatives，mammoths were quite large. The largest known species reached heights in the region of 4m at the shoulder and weights up to 8 tonnes, while exceptionally large males may have exceeded 12 tonnes. However，most species of mammoth were only about as large as a modem. Asian elephant. Both sexes bore tusks. A first, small set appeared at about the age of six months and these were replaced at about 18months by the permanent set. Growth of the permanent set was at a rate of about 1 to 6 inches per year. Based on studies of their close relatives, the modem elephants, mammoths probably had a gestation period of 22 months, resulting in a single calf being born. Their social structure was probably the same as that of African and Asian elephants, with females living in herds headed by a matriarch, whilst hulls lived solitary lives or formed loose groups after sexual maturity.BMEXICO CITY-Although it’s hard to imagine in this age of urban sprawl and auto mobiles. North America once belonged to mammoths，camels，ground sloths as large as cows, bear-size beavers and other formidable beasts. Somel 1,000 years ago，however, these large bodied mammals and others-about 70 species in all-disappeared. Their demise coincided roughly with the arrival of humans in the New World and dramatic climatic change-factors that have inspired several theories about the die-off. Yet despite decades of scientific investigation, the exact cause remains a mystery. Now new findings offer support to one of these controversial hypotheses: that human hunting drove this megafaunal menagerie (巨型动物兽群)to extinction. The overkill model emerged in the 1960s，when it was put forth by Paul S. Martin of the University of Arizona. Since then, critics have charged that no evidence exists to support the idea that the first Americans hunted to the extent necessary to cause these extinctions. But at the annual meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology in Mexico City last October, paleo ecologist John Alroy of the University of California at Santa Barbara argued that, in fact, hunting-driven extinction is not only plausible, it was unavoidable. He has determined, using acomputer simulation that even a very modest amount of hunting would have wiped these animals out.CAssuming an initial human population of 100 people that grew no more than 2 percent annually, Alroy determined that if each band of, say, 50 people killed 15 to 20 large mammals a year, humans could have eliminated the animal populations within 1,000 years. Large mammals in particular would have been vulnerable to the pressure because they have longer gestation periods than smaller mammals and their young require extended care.DNot everyone agrees with Alroy’s assessment. For one, the results depend in part on population-size estimates for the extinct animals-figures that are not necessarily reliable. But a more specific criticism comes from mammologist Ross D. E. Mac Phee of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, who points out that the relevant archaeological record contains barely a dozen examples of stone points embedded in mammoth bones (and none, its hould be noted, are known from other mega faunal remains)-hardly what one might expect if hunting drove these animals to extinction. Furthermore, some of these species had huge ranges the giant Jefferson's ground sloth’ for example, lived as far north as the Yukon and as far south as Mexico which would have made slaughtering them in numbers sufficient to cause their extinction rather implausible, he says.EMacPhee agrees that humans most likely brought about these extinctions (as well as others around the world that coincided with human arrival), but not directly. Rather hesuggests that people may have introduced hyper lethal disease, perhaps through their dogs or hitchhiking vermin，which then spread wildly among the immunologically naive species of the New World. As in the overkill model, populations of large mammals would have a harder time recovering. Repeated outbreaks of a hyper disease could thus quickly drive them to the point of no return. So far Mac Phee does not have empirical evidence for the hyper disease hypothesis, and it won't be easy to come by: hyper lethal disease would kill far too quickly to leave its signature on the bones themselves. But he hopes that analyses of tissue and DNA from the last mammoths to perish will eventually reveal murderous microbes.FThe third explanation for what brought on this North American extinction does not involve human, beings. Instead, its proponents blame the loss on the weather. The Pleistocene epoch witnessed considerable climatic instability, explains paleontologist Russell W. Graham of the Denver Museum of Nature and Science. As a result, certain habitats disappeared, and species that had once formed communities split apart. For some animals, this change brought opportunity. For much of the megafauna, however, the increasingly homogeneous environment left them with shrinking geographical ranges-a death sentence for large animals, which need large ranges. Although these creatures managed to maintain viable populations through most of the Pleistocene, the final major fluctuation-the so-called Younger Diyas event pushed them over the edge, Graham says. For his part, Alroy is convinced that human hunters demolished the titans of the Ice Age. The overkill model explains everything the disease and climate scenariosexplain, he asserts, and makes accurate predictions about which species would eventually go extinct.“Personally，I’m a vegetarian,” he remarks, “and I find all of this kind of gross 一bubelievable.”Passage 2 ：题目：Chinese Yellow Citrus Ant for Biological Control题型：判断题+配对题题目：旧题类似原文：Chinese Yellow Citrus Ant for Biological ControlAIn 1476 , the farmers of Berne in Switzerland decided, according to this story, there was only one way to rid their fields of the cutworms(糖蛾)attacking their crops. They took the pests to court. The worms were tried, found guilty and excommunicated by the archbishop (大主教).In China, farmers had a more practical approach to pest control. Rather than rely on divine intervention (神学的调停),they put their faith in frogs, ducks and ants. Frogs and ducks were encouraged to snap up (吃下)the pests in the paddies (稻田)and the occasional plague of locusts (蝗虫).But the notion of biological control began with an ant. More specifically, the story says，it started with the predatory yellow citrus (柑橘)ant Oecophylla smaragdina , which has been polishing off (打败)pests in the orange groves of southern China for at least 1700 years. The yellow citrus ant (黄蚁)is a type of weaver ant, which binds leaves and twigs with silk to form a neat, tent-like nest. In the beginning, farmers made do with the odd ants’nest here and there. But it wasn’t long before growing demand led to the development of a thriving trade in nests and a new type of agriculture—ant fanning.B Foran insect that bites, the yellow citrus ant is remarkably popular. Even byant standards, Oecophylla smaragdina is a fearsome predator. It’s big, runs fast and has a powerful nip—painful to humans but lethal to many of the insects that plague the orange groves of Guangdong and Guangxi in southern China. And for at least 17 centuries. Chinese orange growers have harnessed these six-legged killing machines to keep their fruit groves healthy and productive. The story explains that citrus fruits evolved in the Far East and the Chinese discovered the delights of their flesh early on. As the ancestral home of oranges, lemons and pomelos, China also has the greatest diversity of citrus pests. And the trees that produce the sweetest fruits，the mandarins—or kan—attract a host of plant-eating insects, from black ants and sap-sucking mealy bugs to leaf-devouring caterpillars (毛毛虫). With so many enemies, fruit growers clearly had to have some way of protecting their orchards.CThe West did not discover the Chinese orange growers' secret weapon until the early 20th century. At the time, Florida was suffering an epidemic of citrus canker (相橘溃疡)and in 1915 Walter Swingle，a plant physiologist working for the US Department of Agriculture, was, the story says, sent to China in search of varieties of orange that were resistant to the disease. Swingle spentsome time studying the citrus orchards around Guangzhou, and there he came across the story of the cultivated ant. These ants, he was told, were “grown”by the people of a small village nearby who sold them to the orange growers by the nestful (—整窝的).DThe earliest report of citrus ants at work among the orangetrees appears in a book on tropical and subtropical botany written by His Han in AD 304. “The people of Chiao-Chih sell in their markets ants in bags of rush matting. The nests are like silk. The bags are all attached to twigs and leaves which, with the ants inside the nests, are for sale. The ants are reddish-yellow in colour, bigger than ordinary ants. In the south if the kan trees do not have this kind of ant, the fruits will all be damaged by many harmful insects, and not a single fruit will be perfect.EInitially, farmers relied on nests which they collected from the wild or bought in the market where trade in nests was brisk. ‘It is said that in the south orange trees which are free of ants will have wormy fruits. Therefore the people race to buy nests for their orange trees, ‘wrote Liu Hsun in Strange Things Noted in the South, written about AD 890. The business quickly became more sophisticate. From the 10th century, country people began to trap ants in artific ial nests baited with fat. “Fruit growing families buy these ants from vendors who make a business of collecting and selling such creatures, “wrote Chuang Chi-Yu in 1130. “They trap them by filling hogs 'or sheep’s bladders with fat and placing them with the cavities open next to the ants 'nests. They wait until the ants have migrated into the bladders and take them away. This is known as ‘rearing orange ants’. “Fanners attached the bladders to their trees, and in time the ants spread to other trees and built new nests. By the 17th century, growers were building bamboo walkways between their trees to speed the colonization of their orchards. The ants ran along these narrow bridges from one tree to another and established nests “by the hundreds of thousands”.FDid it work? The orange growers clearly thought so. One authority, Chi TaChun，writing in 1700，stressed how important it was to keep the fruit trees free of insect pests, especially caterpillars. “It is essential to eliminate them so that the trees are not injured. But hand labour is not nearly as efficient as ant power...”Swingle was just as impressed. Yet despite this reports, many Western biologists were skeptical. In the West, the idea of using one insect to destroy another was new and highly controversial. The first breakthrough had come in 1888，when the infant orange industry in California had been saved from extinction by the Australian vedalia beetle. This beetle was the only thing that had made any inroad into the explosion of cottony cushion scale that was threatening to destroy the state’s citrus crops. But, as Swingle now knew，California’s “first，’was nothing of the sort. The Chinese had been expert in biocontrol for many centuries.GThe story goes on to say that the long tradition of ants in the Chinese orchards only began to waver in the 1950s and 1960s with the introduction of powerful organic (I guess the authormeans chemical insecticides). Although most fruit growers switched to chemicals, a few hung onto their ants. Those who abandoned ants in favour of chemicals quickly became disillusioned (幻想破灭). As costs soared and pests began to develop resistance to the chemicals, growers began to revive the old ant patrols. They had good reason to have faith in their insect workforce. Research in the early 1960s showed that as long as there were enough ants in the trees，they did an excellent job of dispatching some pests—mainly the larger insects—and had modest success against others. Trees with yellow ants producedalmost 20 per cent more healthy leaves than those without. More recent trials have shown that these trees yield just as big a crop as those protected by expensive chemical sprays.HOneapparent drawback of using ants—and one of the main reasons for the early skepticism by Western scientists—was that citrus ants do nothing to control mealy bugs， waxy-coated scale insects which can do considerable damage to fruit trees. In fact，the ants protect mealy bugs in exchange for the sweet honeydew they secrete. The orange growers always denied this was a problem but Western scientists thought they knew better. Research in the 1980s suggests that the growers were right all along. Where mealy bugs proliferate under the ants ‘protection they are usually heavily parasitized and this limits the harm they can do. Orange growers who rely on carnivorous ants rather than poisonous chemicals maintain a better balance of species in their orchards. While the ants deal with the bigger insect pests, other predatory species keep down the numbers of smaller pests such as scale insects and aphids(蚜虫). In the long run， ants do a lot less damage than chemicals—and they’re certainly more effective than excommunication.Questions 14-18Use the information in the passage to match the year (listed A-G) with correct description below. Write the appropriate letters A-G in boxes 14-18 on your answer sheet.NB you may use any letter more than onceA 1888B 1476C 1915D 1700E 1130F 304 ADG 195014 First record of ant against pests written.15 WS studied ant intervention method in China.16 First case of orange crops rescued by insect in western world.17 Chinese farmers start to choose chemical method.18 A book wrote mentioned ways to trap ants.Questions 19-26Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 19-26 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this19 China has the most orange pests in the world.20 Swingle came to China in order to search an insect for the US government.21 Western people were impressed by Swingle’s theory of pest prevention.22 Chinese farmers realised that price of pesticides became expensive.24 Trees without ants had more unhealthy fallen leaves than those with.25 Yield of fields using ants is larger a crop than that using chemical pesticides.26 Chinese orange farmers proposed that ant protection doesn’t work out of China.14 F15 C16 A17 G18 E19 TRUE20 FALSE21 FALSE22 TRUE23 TRUE24 NOT GIVEN25 TRUE26 NOT GIVEN(答案仅供参考)Passage 3 ：题名：The Persuaders题型：选择+匹配类似文章：AWe have long lived in an age where powerful images, catchy sound bite sand too-good-to miss offers bombard us from every quarter. All around us the persuaders are at work. Occasionally their methods are unsubtle--the planting kiss on a baby’s head by a wannabe political leader，or a liquidation sale in a shop that has been “closing down” for well over a year，but generally the persuaders know what they are about and are highly capable. Be they politicians, supermarket chains, salespeople or advertisers，they know exactly what to do to sell us their images, ideas or produce. When it comes to persuasion, these giants rule supreme. They employ the most skilled image-makers and use the best psychological tricks to guarantee that even the mostcautious among us are open to manipulation.BWe spend more time in them than we mean to, we buy 75 percent of our food from them and end up with products that we did not realize we wanted. Right from the start, supermarkets have been ahead of the game. For example，when Sainsbury introduced shopping baskets into its 1950s stores, it was a stroke of marketing genius. Now shoppers could browse and pick up items they previously would have ignored. Soon after came trolleys, and just as new roads attract more traffic, the same applied to trolley space. Pro Merlin Stone, IBM Professor of Relationship Marketing at Bristol Business School，says aisles are laid out to maximize profits. Stores pander to our money-rich, time-poor lifestyle. Low turnover products—clothes and electrical goods are stocked at the back while high---turnover items command position at the front.CStone believes supermarkets work hard to “stall” us because the more time we spend in them, the more we buy. Thus, great efforts are made to make the environment pleasant. Stores play music to relax us and some even pipe air from the in-store bakery around the shop. In the USA，fake aromas are sometimes used. Smell is both the most evocative and subliminal sense. In experiments, pleasant smells are effective in increasing our spending. A casino that fragranced only half its premise saw profit soar in the aroma一 filled areas. The other success story from the supermarkets' perspective is the loyalty card. Punters may assume that they are being rewarded for their fidelity, but all the while they are trading information about their shopping habits. Loyal shoppers could be paying 30% more by sticking totheir favorite shops for essential cosmetics.DResearch has shown that 75 percent of profit comes from just 30 percent of customers. Ultimately, reward cards could be used to identify and better accommodate these “elite” shoppers. It could also be used to make adverts more relevant to individual consumers—rather like Spielberg’s futuristic thriller Minority Report, in which Tom Cruise’s character is bombarded with interactive personalized ads. If this sounds far-fetched, the data gathering revolution has already seen the introduction of radio—frequency identification—away to electronically tag products to what, FRID means they can follow the product into people homes.ENo matter how savvy we think we are to their ploys，the ad industry still wins. Adverts focus on what products do or on how they make us feel. Researcher Laurette Dube, in the Journal of Advertising Research, says when attitudes are base on “cognitive foundations” (logical reasoning), advertisers use informative appeals. This works for products with little emotional draw buthigh functionality, such as bleach. Where attitude are based on effect (i.e, 5 emotions), ad teams try to tap into our feelings. Researchers at the University of Florida recently concluded that our emotional responses to adverts dominate over “cognition”.FAdvertisers play on our need to be safe (commercials for insurance), to belong (make customer feel they are in the group in fashion ads) and for selfes— teem (aspirational adverts). With time and space at a premium, celebrities are often used as a quick way of meeting these needs—either because the celebepitomizes success or because they seem familiar and so make the product seem “safe”. A survey of 4,000 campaigns found ads with celebs were 10 percent more effective than without. Humor also stimulates a rapid emotional response. Hwiman Chung, writing in the International Journal of Advertising, found that funny ads were remembered for longer than straight ones. Combine humor with sexual imagery—as in Wonder bra，s “Hello Boys” ads and you are on t o a winner.GSlice-of-life ads are another tried and tested method they paint a picture of life as you would like it, but still one that feels familiar. Abhilasha Mehta, in the Journal of Advertising Research, noted that the more one’s self-image tallies with the brand being advertised, the stronger the commercial. Ad makers also use behaviorist theories，recognizing that the more sensation we receive for an object, the better we know it. If an advert for a chocolate bar fails to cause salivation, it has probably failed. No wonder advertisements have been dubbed the “nervous system of the business world”.HProbably all of us could make a sale if the product was something we truly believed in, but professional salespeople are in a different league——the best of them can always sell different items to suitable customers in a best time. They do this by using very basic psychological techniques. Stripped to its simplest level, selling works by heightening the buyer’s perception of how much they need a product or service. Buyers normally have certain requirements by which they will judge the suitability of a product. The seller therefore attempts to tease out what these conditions are and then explains how their products’ benefitcan meet these requirements.IRichard Hession，author of Be a Great Salesperson says it is human nature to prefer to speak rather to listen, and good salespeople pander to this. They ask punters about their needs and offer to work with them to achieve their objectives. As a result, the buye r feels they are receiving a “consultation” rather than a sales pitch. All the while，the salesperson presents with a demeanor that takes it for granted that the sale will be made. Never will the words “if you buy” be used, but rather “when you buy”.JDr. Rob Yeung, a senior consultant at business psychologists Kiddy and Partner, says most salespeople will build up a level of rapport by asking questions about hobbies, family and lifestyle. This has the double benefit of making the salesperson likeable while furnishing him or her with more information about the client’s wants. Yeung says effective salespeople try as far as possible to match their style of presenting themselves to how the buyer comes across. If the buyer cracks jokes, the salespeople will respond in kind. If the buyer wants detail, the seller provides it, if they are more interested in the feel of the product, the seller will focus on this. At its most extreme, appearing empathetic can even include the salesperson attempting to “mirror” the hob by language of the buyer.KWhatever the method used, all salespeople work towards one aim: “dosing the deal”. In fact, they will be looking for “closing signals” through their dealings with potential clients. Once again the process works by assuming success. The buyer isnot asked “are you interested?” as this can invite a negative response. Instead the seller takes it for granted that the deal is effectively done: when the salesman asks you for a convenient delivery date or asks what color you want, you will probably respond accordingly. Only afterwards might you wonder why you proved such a pushover.Passage1：日本画家介绍题型：匹配+填空+判断待回忆Passage2：纳米技术题型：匹配待回忆Passage3：中世纪英国儿童的娱乐活动题型：判断待回忆雅思阅读+听力考试真题阅读passage1 古代怎样传送信息莫斯电码发明后对现代人的信息交流产生了怎样的影响passage2 早期人类使用珠宝显示身份和地位，现代珠宝多用做装饰品及考古研究passage3 儿童智力发展听力2016年1月9日雅思听力真题解析A卷Section 1场景：电影院会员资格咨询及电影介绍题型：填空题1. No age limited2. How much per season membership: join fee ￡21.503. Discount for student membership card: ￡24. Offer three hours’ free parking5-10表格填空NameGenreYearDetailsThe soliderComedy1922A child ran away from hometown and came to Argentina, then won a big sum of money Piano lifeKids at singing competitionThe tigerCartoon aimed for adultsFollowing by a book talk of an editor分析：听力S1延续了一直以来的填空题题型出题，同时也配合了最常见生活娱乐方面的咨询场景作为背景，希望广大考鸭注意这一个section最重点需要掌握的场景词汇和预测。

剑桥雅思阅读9（test1）原文答案解析

剑桥雅思阅读9(test1)原文答案解析雅思阅读部分的真题资料，同学们需要进行一些细致的总结，比如说解析其实就是很重要的内容，接下来就是店铺给同学们带来的关于剑桥雅思阅读9原文解析(test1)的内容，一起来详细的分析一下吧，希望对你们的备考有所帮助。

剑桥雅思阅读9原文(test1)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.William Henry PerkinThe man who invented synthetic dyesWilliam Henry Perkin was born on March 12, 1838, in London, England. As a boy, Perkin’s curiosity prompted early interests in the arts, sciences, photography, and engineering. But it was a chance stumbling upon a run-down, yet functional, laboratory in his late grandfather’s home that solidified the young man’s enthusiasm for chemistry.As a student at the City of London School, Perkin became immersed in the study of chemistry. His talent and devotion to the subject were perceived by his teacher, Thomas Hall, who encouraged him to attend a series of lectures given by the eminent scientist Michael Faraday at the Royal Institution. Those speeches fired the young chemist’s enthusiasm further, and he later went on to attend the Royal College of Chemistry, which he succeeded in entering in 1853, at the age of 15.At the time of Perkin’s enrolment, the Royal College of Chemistry was headed by the noted German chemist August Wilhelm Hofmann. Perkin’s scientific gifts soon caught Hofmann’s attention and, within two years, he becameHofmann’s youngest assistant. Not long after that, Perkin made the scientific breakthrough that would bring him both fame and fortune.At the time, quinine was the only viable medical treatment for malaria. The drug is derived from the bark of the cinchona tree, native to South America, and by 1856 demand for the drug was surpassing the available supply. Thus, when Hofmann made some passing comments about the desirability of a synthetic substitute for quinine, it was unsurprising that his star pupil was moved to take up the challenge.During his vacation in 1856, Perkin spent his time in the laboratory on the top floor of his family’s house. He was attempting to manufacture quinine from aniline, an inexpensive and readily available coal tar waste product. Despite his best efforts, however, he did not end up with quinine. Instead, he produced a mysterious dark sludge. Luckily, Perkin’s scientific training and nature prompted him to investigate the substance further. Incorporating potassium dichromate and alcohol into the aniline at various stages of the experimental process, he finally produced a deep purple solution. And, proving the truth of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur’s words ‘chance favours only the prepared mind’, Perkin saw the potential of his unexpected find.Historically, textile dyes were made from such natural sources as plants and animal excretions. Some of these, such as the glandular mucus of snails, were difficult to obtain and outrageously expensive. Indeed, the purple colour extracted from a snail was once so costly in society at the time only the rich could afford it. Further, natural dyes tended to be muddy in hue and fade quickly. It was against this backdrop that Perkin’sdiscovery was made.Perkin quickly grasped that his purple solution could be used to colour fabric, thus making it the world’s first synthetic dye. Realising the importance of this breakthrough, he lost no time in patenting it. But perhaps the most fascinating of all Perkin’s reactions to his find was his nearly instant recognition that the new dye had commercial possibilities.Perkin originally named his dye Tyrian Purple, but it later became commonly known as mauve (from the French for the plant used to make the colour violet). He asked advice of Scottish dye works owner Robert Pullar, who assured him that manufacturing the dye would be well worth it if the colour remained fast (i.e. would not fade) and the cost was relatively low. So, over the fierce objections of his mentor Hofmann, he left college to give birth to the modern chemical industry.With the help of his father and brother, Perkin set up a factory not far from London. Utilising the cheap and plentiful coal tar that was an almost unlimited byproduct of London’s gas street lighting, the dye works began producing the world’s first synthetically dyed material in 1857. The company received a commercial boost from the Empress Eugenie of France, when she decided the new colour flattered her. Very soon, mauve was the necessary shade for all the fashionable ladies in that country. Not to be outdone, England’s Queen Victoria also appeared in public wearing a mauve gown, thus making it all the rage in England as well. The dye was bold and fast, and the public clamoured for more. Perkin went back to the drawing board.Although Perkin’s fame was achieved and fortune assured by his first discovery, the chemist continued his research. Among other dyes he developed and introduced were aniline red (1859)and aniline black (1863) and, in the late 1860s, Perkin’s green. It is important to note that Perkin’s synthetic dye discoveries had outcomes far beyond the merely decorative. The dyes also became vital to medical research in many ways. For instance, they were used to stain previously invisible microbes and bacteria, allowing researchers to identify such bacilli as tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax. Artificial dyes continue to play a crucial role today. And, in what would have been particularly pleasing to Perkin, their current use is in the search for a vaccine against malaria.Questions 1-7Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1 Michael Faraday was the first person to recognise Perkin’s ability as a student of chemistry.2 Michael Faraday suggested Perkin should enrol in the Royal College of Chemistry.3 Perkin employed August Wilhelm Hofmann as his assistant.4 Perkin was still young when he made the discovery that made him rich and famous.5 The trees from which quinine is derived grow only in South America.6 Perkin hoped to manufacture a drug from a coal tar waste product.7 Perkin was inspired by the discoveries of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur.Questions 8-13Answer the questions below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.8 Before Perkin’s discovery, with what group in society was the colour purple associated?9 What potential did Perkin immediately understand that his new dye had?10 What was the name finally used to refer to the first colour Perkin invented?11 What was the name of the person Perkin consulted before setting up his own dye works?12 In what country did Perkin’s newly invented colour first become fashionable?13 According to the passage, which disease is now being targeted by researchers using synthetic dyes?READING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 on the following pages.Questions 14-17Reading Passage 2 has five paragraphs, A-E.Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B-E from the list of headings below.Write the correct number, i-vii, in boxes 14-17 on your answer sheet.List of Headingsi Seeking the transmission of radio signals from planetsii Appropriate responses to signals from other civilisations iii Vast distances to Earth’s closest neighboursiv Assumptions underlying the search for extra-terrestrial intelligencev Reasons for the search for extra-terrestrial intelligencevi Knowledge of extra-terrestrial life formsvii Likelihood of life on other planetsExample AnswerParagraph A v14 Paragraph B15 Paragraph C16 Paragraph D17 Paragraph EIS THERE ANYBODY OUT THERE?The Search for Extra-terrestrial IntelligenceThe question of whether we are alone in the Universe has haunted humanity for centuries, but we may now stand poised on the brink of the answer to that question, as we search for radio signals from other intelligent civilisations. This search, often known by the acronym SETI (search for extra-terrestrial intelligence), is a difficult one. Although groups around the world have been searching intermittently for three decades, it is only now that we have reached the level of technology where we can make a determined attempt to search all nearby stars for any sign of life.AThe primary reason for the search is basic curiosity hethe same curiosity about the natural world that drives all pure science. We want to know whether we are alone in the Universe. We want to know whether life evolves naturally if given the right conditions, or whether there is something very special about the Earth to have fostered the variety of life forms that, we seearound us on the planet. The simple detection of a radio signal will be sufficient to answer this most basic of all questions. In this sense, SETI is another cog in the machinery of pure science which is continually pushing out the horizon of our knowledge. However, there are other reasons for being interested in whether life exists elsewhere. For example, we have had civilisation on Earth for perhaps only a few thousand years, and the threats of nuclear war and pollution over the last few decades have told us that our survival may be tenuous. Will we last another two thousand years or will we wipe ourselves out? Since the lifetime of a planet like ours is several billion years, we can expect that, if other civilisations do survive in our galaxy, their ages will range from zero to several billion years. Thus any other civilisation that we hear from is likely to be far older, on average, than ourselves. The mere existence of such a civilisation will tell us that long-term survival is possible, and gives us some cause for optimism. It is even possible that the older civilisation may pass on the benefits of their experience in dealing with threats to survival such as nuclear war and global pollution, and other threats that we haven’t yet discovered.BIn discussing whether we are alone, most SETI scientists adopt two ground rules. First, UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects) are generally ignored since most scientists don’t consider the evidence for them to be strong enough to bear serious consideration (although it is also important to keep an open mind in case any really convincing evidence emerges in the future). Second, we make a very conservative assumption that we are looking for a life form that is pretty well like us, since if it differs radically from us we may well not recognise it as a life form,quite apart from whether we are able to communicate with it. In other words, the life form we are looking for may well have two green heads and seven fingers, but it will nevertheless resemble us in that it should communicate with its fellows, be interested in the Universe, live on a planet orbiting a star like our Sun, and perhaps most restrictively, have a chemistry, like us, based on carbon and water.CEven when we make these assumptions, our understanding of other life forms is still severely limited. We do not even know, for example, how many stars have planets, and we certainly do not know how likely it is that life will arise naturally, given the right conditions. However, when we look at the 100 billion stars in our galaxy (the Milky Way), and 100 billion galaxies in the observable Universe, it seems inconceivable that at least one of these planets does not have a life form on it; in fact, the best educated guess we can make, using the little that we do know about the conditions for carbon-based life, leads us to estimate that perhaps one in 100,000 stars might have a life-bearing planet orbiting it. That means that our nearest neighbours are perhaps 100 light years away, which is almost next door in astronomical terms.DAn alien civilistation could choose many different ways of sending information across the galaxy, but many of these either require too much energy, or else are severely attenuated while traversing the vast distances across the galaxy. It turns out that, for a given amount of transmitted power, radio waves in the frequency range 1000 to 3000 MHz travel the greatest distance, and so all searches to date have concentrated on looking forradio waves in this frequency range. So far there have been a number of searches by various groups around the world, including Australian searches using the radio telescope at Parkes, New South Wales. Until now there have not been any detections from the few hundred stars which have been searched. The scale of the searches has been increased dramatically since 1992, when the US Congress voted NASA $10 million per year for ten years to conduct, a thorough search for extra-terrestrial life. Much of the money in this project is being spent on developing the special hardware needed to search many frequencies at once. The project has two parts. One part is a targeted search using the world’s largest radio telescopes, the American-operated telescope in Arecibo, Puerto Rico and the French telescope in Nancy in France. This part of the project is searching the nearest 1000 likely stars with high sensitivity for signals in the frequency rang 1000 to 3000 MHz. The other part of the project is an undirected search which is monitoring all of space with a lower sensitivity, using the smaller antennas of NASA’s Deep Space Network.EThere is considerable debate over how we should react if we detect a signal from an alien civilisation. Everybody agrees that we should not reply immediately. Quite apart from the impracticality of sending a reply over such large distances at short notice, it raises a host of ethical questions that would have to be addressed by the global community before any reply could be sent. Would the human race face the culture shock if faced with a superior and much older civilisation? Luckily, there is no urgency about this. The stars being searched are hundreds of light years away, so it takes hundreds of years for their signal toreach us, and a further few hundred years for our reply to reach them. It’s not important, then, if there’s a delay of a few years, or decades, while the human race debates the question of whether to reply, and perhaps carefully drafts a reply.Questions 18-20Answer the questions below.Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 18-20 on your answer sheet.18 What is the life expectancy of Earth?19 What kind of signals from other intelligent civilisations are SETI scientists searching for?20 How many stars are the world’s most powerful radio telescopes searching?Questions 21-26Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 21-26 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the views of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the views of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this21 Alien civilisations may be able to help the human race to overcome serious problems.22 SETI scientists are trying to find a life form that resembles humans in many ways.23 The Americans and Australians have co-operated on joint research projects.24 So far SETI scientists have picked up radio signals from several stars.25 The NASA project attracted criticism from some members of Congress.26 If a signal from outer space is received, it will be important to respond promptly.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.The history of the tortoiseIf you go back far enough, everything lived in the sea. At various points in evolutionary history, enterprising individuals within many different animal groups moved out onto the land, sometimes even to the most parched deserts, taking their own private seawater with them in blood and cellular fluids. In addition to the reptiles, birds, mammals and insects which we see all around us, other groups that have succeeded out of water include scorpions, snails, crustaceans such as woodlice and land crabs, millipedes and centipedes, spiders and various worms. And we mustn’t forget the plants, without whose prior invasion of the land none of the other migrations could have happened.Moving from water to land involved a major redesign of every aspect of life, including breathing and reproduction. Nevertheless, a good number of thorough going land animals later turned around, abandoned their hard-earned terrestrial re-tooling, and returned to the water again. Seals have only gone part way back. They show us what the intermediates might have been like, on the way to extreme cases such as whales and dugongs. Whales (including the small whales we call dolphins) and dugongs, with their close cousins the manatees, ceased to be land creatures altogether and reverted to the full marine habits of their remote ancestors. They don’t even come ashoreto breed. They do, however, still breathe air, having never developed anything equivalent to the gills of their earlier marine incarnation. Turtles went back to the sea a very long time ago and, like all vertebrate returnees to the water, they breathe air. However, they are, in one respect, less fully given back to the water than whales or dugongs, for turtles still lay their eggs on beaches.There is evidence that all modern turtles are descended from a terrestrial ancestor which lived before most of the dinosaurs. There are two key fossils called Proganochelys quenstedti and Plaeochersis talampayensis dating from early dinosaur times, which appear to be close to the ancestry of all modern turtles and tortoises. You might wonder how we can tell whether fossil animals lived on land or in water, especially if only fragments are found. Sometimes it’s obvious. Ichthyosaurs were reptilian contemporaries of the dinosaurs, with fins and streamlined bodies. The fossils look like dolphins and they surely lived like dolphins, in the water. With turtles it is a little less obvious. One way to tell is by measuring the bones of their forelimbs.Walter Joyce and Jacques Gauthier, at Yale University, obtained three measurements in these particular bones of 71 species of living turtles and tortoises. They used a kind of triangular graph paper to plot the three measurements against one another. All the land tortoise species formed a tight cluster of points in the upper part of the triangle; all the water turtles cluster in the lower part of the triangular graph. There was no overlap, except when they added some species that spend time both in water and on land. Sure enough, these amphibious species show up on the triangular graph approximately half way between the ‘wet cluster’ of sea turtles and the ‘dry cluster’of land tortoises. The next step was to determine where the fossils fell. The bones of P. quenstedti and P. talampayensis leave us in no doubt. Their points on the graph are right in the thick of the dry cluster. Both these fossils were dry-land tortoises. They come from the era before our turtles returned to the water.You might think, therefore, that modern land tortoises have probably stayed on land ever since those early terrestrial times, as most mammals did after a few of them went back to the sea. But apparently not. If you draw out the family three of all modern turtles and tortoises, nearly all the branches are aquatic. Today’s land tortoises constitute a single branch, deeply nested among branches consisting of aquatic turtles. This suggests that modern land tortoises have not stayed on land continuously since the time of P. quenstedti and P. talampayensis. Rather, their ancestors were among those who went back to the water, and they then reemerged back onto the land in (relatively) more recent times.Tortoises therefore represent a remarkable double return. In common with all mammals, reptiles and birds, their remote ancestors were marine fish and before that various more or less worm-like creatures stretching back, still in the sea, to the primeval bacteria. Later ancestors lived on land and stayed there for a very large number of generations. Later ancestors still evolved back into the water and became sea turtles. And finally they returned yet again to the land as tortoises, some of which now live in the driest of deserts.Questions 27-30Answer the questions below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 27-30 on your answer sheet.27 What had to transfer from sea to land before any animals could migrate?28 Which TWO processes are mentioned as those in which animals had to make big changes as they moved onto lands?29 Which physical feature, possessed by their ancestors, do whales lack?30 which animals might ichthyosaurs have resembled?Questions 31-33Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 31-33 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this31 Turtles were among the first group of animals to migrate back to the sea.32 It is always difficult to determine where an animal lived when its fossilised remains are incomplete.33 The habitat of ichthyosaurs can be determined by the appearance of their fossilised remains.Questions 34-39Complete the flow-chart below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 34-39 on your answer sheet.Method of determining where the ancestors of turtles and tortoises come fromStep 171 species of living turtles and tortoises were examined anda total of 34 ……………………. were taken from the bones of theirforelimbs.Step 2The data was recorded on a 35 ……………….. (necessary for comparing the information).Outcome: Land tortoises were represented by a dense 36 …………………………… of points towards the top.Sea turtles were grouped together in the bottom part.Step 3The same data was collected from some living 37 ………………. species and added to the other results.Outcome: The points for these species turned out to be positioned about 38 ……………… up the triangle between the land tortoises and the sea turtles.Step 4Bones of P. quenstedti and P. talampayensis were examined in a similar way and the results added.Outcome: The position of the points indicated that both these ancient creatures were 39…………..Question 40Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in box 40 on your answer sheet.According to the writer, the most significant thing about tortoises is thatA they are able to adapt to life in extremely dry environments.B their original life form was a kind of primeval bacteria.C they have so much in common with sea turtles.D they have made the transition from sea to land more than once.剑桥雅思阅读9原文参考译文(test1)PASSAGE 1参考译文：William Henry Perkin 合成染料的发明者Wiliam Henry Perkin于1838年3月12日出生于英国伦敦。

雅思阅读预测真题库6参考答案

T-Rex HunterTRUE/FALSE/NOTGIVEN//TRUE/NOTGIVEN/TRUE/FALSEshin bone/slow walker/cheetah/run fast/blunt/crushThe British Bitternii/v/viii/i/vi/iii/iv1950s/shy/starvation/fish/otter/BTravel AccountsPersian wars/allies/geographical knowledge/pilgrimage/Buddhist teachers/colonies/principles/wealthyD/B/A/C/D/DTasmanian Tiger Extinction Is Forever?striped coat/Australia/4000 years/Tasmania/European(settlers)/captivity E/F/A/D/B/A/C/DThe Ant and the MandarinE/G/C/D/B/TRUE/FALSE/FALSE/TRUE/TRUE/NOTGIVEN/TRUE/NOT GIVENAsian Space--Satellite Technologyiv/vii/iii/x/ii/ixB/D/AFALSE/NOT GIVEN/TRUE/FALSEThomas Harriot --The Discovery of Refractionx/v/ix/iii/viimagnification/a prism(prisms)/language/ship design/rainbow refraction(refraction in rainbow)D/B/E/ASmell and Memory-Smells Like YesterdayA/B/A/C/C/D/B/C/Ccreate a story/brain scans/olfactory cortex/spiceFlight from RealityNavigation and communications/radiation/antennae/smokeC/D/B/E/ATRUE/TRUE/NOT GIVEN/TRUEWhat Are You Laughing at?D/B/A/C/B/A/H/F/I/DFALSE/NOT GIVEN/TRUESongs of StonesNOT GIVEN/TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN/TRUE/TRUE/TRUE Stonemason/Gian Giorgio Trissino/Inigo Jones/Temple(architecture)/Quattro Libri dell’Architettura/benevolent calmFather of Modern Managementv/iii/ix/i/viii/iiNOT GIVEN/TRUE/TRUE/FALSEAE/BD----------------------------------------------------98 The Innovation of Grocery StoresD/A/F/C/Eclerk/lobby/galleries/stockroom/customers/shoppersC/B/CCoral ReefsA/C/A/D/E/DTRUE/TRUE/NOT GIVEN/NOT GIVEN/TRUE/NOT GIVENBCharles Darwin’s Theory and Frinchesdrought/large seeds/heavy rains/small seeds/wetter weather/smaller bills/medium-sized bills/riceFALSE/NOT GIVEN/TRUE/FALSE/TRUEThe Secrets of PersuasionNOT GIVEN/TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVENB/B/B/A/G/D/F/B/IThe Culture of ChimpanzceH /J /I /K/G(Inthe) 1960s /Tanzania /(close) observation/observers /(A) culture origin NOT GIVEN /TURE /TURE /FALSE /FALSEExtinct Giant Deer Survied Ice AgeThe Mozart EffectD/G/B/A/Fshort/complex/ratsTRUE/FALSE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN/TRUEElephant Communicationhammer/body/toe/Pad/Cavities/trunks and feet/infrasonic/ecology/seimic messages/acoustic communication/mate/ground/A/B。

雅思阅读预测真题库1参考答案

FloodC/B/F/A/E/DMississippi/London/Netherlands/Berlin/LosAngelesB/DTexting the Televisionii/vi/vii/i/v/ixA/D/C/D/E/A/C/FCompany InnovationF/C/G/B/F/ET/NG/F/TC/A/DRainwater harvestingCorpproduction/sugar-cane platations/Three wells/1998/Roofs of houses/storage tanksNOT GIVEN/YES/NO/YES/YES/NO/NOT GIVEN/NODesign Wobby Mats And Foot healthTRUE/FALSE/TRUE/TRUE/NOT GIVENC/B/Aanatomy/stress/blood pressure/resistance/pathwayTea and Industrial Revolutionvi/v/ix/i/ii/iv/viiNG/T/F/F/NG/TSeed Huntersdrugs and crops/extinction /pioneers /Sir Joseph Banks /underground vaultsTRUE /NOT GIVEN /TRUE /TRUE /FALSE /TRUEIn any orderA food /B fuelThe Power of PlaceboA/G/B/H/F/A/D/CF/NG/T/T/FAnimal Minds:Parrot AlexNG/NG/F/T/T/Fparticularly chosen/chimpanzees/100 English words/avian cognition/color/wrong pronunciation/teenagerCompliance or Noncompliance for Children B/C/C/A/D/F/D/E/ANO/YES/YES/YES/NOT GIVENWhat Happines is?B/A/F/C/G/H/ECandy/definition/catastrophic brain/landscapes or dolphins playing/primitive partsBWestern Immigration of Canadaii /iv /x /vi /i /vii /xiiHomesteads/agricultural output /wheat/company/policeforce/transcontinental railwayCommunication in ScienceB/A/C/D/C TRUE/NOT GIVEN/FALSE/FALSEword choices/colloquial terminology/observer/description/general relativityTwin Study: Two of a KindF/D/E/B/EFrancis Galton/1924/AEF/ABDLearning by ExamplesE/D/A/CF/T/F/Tless/social/watched/observer/ NutcrakerPlain English CampaignT/F/T/NG/NG/Fjargon/gap/do-it-yourself/frustration/first-timeuser/legal/courts/consumersMonkeys and Forestsfruit/(deadly)poisons/leaf nutrients/reproduce/droughtD/F/B/A/C/C/A/DPesticide in an India VillageT/F/NG/FPowder/overnight/neemcake/doubles/organic fertiliser/labor/by 2000/Neem seeds/water purificationTalc PowderC/C/B/A/B/C20/foam/waster water/biodegrade/harmful/droplets/lamination and packing/grape growersBird Migrationiv/i/ii/vii/x/v/viiiA/Bparental guidance/compass/predators/visibleCorporate Social Responsibility v/viii/iv/vii/i/iii/iiequal opportunity/internal costC/C/A/B。

雅思阅读预测真题库(同义替换)

Novice and expert填空1-51The novice needs to learn the principles and rules of a given task in order to perform the task....Generally,a novice will find a mentor to guide him through the processNeeds to=requires to under the guidance of2In time,and with much practice,the novice begins to recognize patterns of behaviors with cases and,thus,becomes a journeyman.Grows up to_____=becomes______effort made to better understand____=begins to recognize_____3the journeyman still maintains regular contact with a mentor to solve specific problem and learn more complex strategiesSolve problems=tackle problems specific=particular strategy=tactic判断7Experts have a deeper understanding of their domains than novices do,and utilize higher-order principles to solve problems.Utilize=use=employ8A do their job slowly than experts in their domains.In their domains=in their fieldsExperts performs tasks in their domain faster than novices and commit fewer errors while problem solving.10Novices pay more a attention on reviewing solutions when faults occur in the process. Experts spend more time thinking about a problem to fully understand it at the beginning of a task than do novices,who immediately seek to find a solution.Questions11-13Mental models=cognitive modelsIn the last3decades=During the last30yearsManifestations of human bias=forms of human biasMuseum Blockbuster18-21Shift from visitors toward_____=have become customer rather than visitorDefined major factors=essential requirementsResult in=accelerateCombination=convergenceProper=appropriateMainly=primary22-23Money that update parts of their collection or to repair buildings=offer money to recover architecturesUpdate,repair是对recover下义词buildings=architectures=constructionsRecover part of their operating costs or funding other.....with off-budget revenue24-26tired of workloads=_____is exhausting for staffVagaries=fantasiesstress of_____=pressure of_____Sir Francis Ronalds and Telegraph27-31Fellow=acquaintanceRonalds was given praise and honor by the authority because of....在原文替换中则是将其具体化：He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth1,for his“early and remarkable labors in telegraphic investigation”32-35What were graved at circuit in his early stage experiment in garden?....Engraved with letters of the alphabet and numbers,synchronized withe each other,at both ends of the circuit.36-40年代MATCHING题Ronalds’science contribution to meteorological dataHe began work on a system for registering meteorological data.Contribution to...对..有贡献...有时可以换成更具体的词汇这样类似的还有result in.... Invented和patented有时同时出现Bestcome-Considerate computing1-6判断题1.A complicated life,continually interrupted by competing requests for attention,is as old as procreation.Interrupted=disturbed2.It seems to add cumulatively to a feeling of frustration.对应在C段they usually put up with it instead of feeling sickness.5.People usually have misperception about whether they are busy or not.Most people aren’t as busy as they think they are,which is why we can usually tolerate interruption from our inconsiderate electronic paraphernalia.填空题Bestcom working process7-8定位即答案In the office/out of officeIn the office:9If callers are not in directory,a_____will show up on their screen.Others see a message on their computer.(主被动的替换)10Callers can__v_a suitable time for both,or they can choose to leave a_n___to user....Offers to reschedule the call at a time that is open for both..Out of the office12-13Bestcom Provides solution to transfer your call to user’s______if there is no_______in his scheduleBestcom automatically offers forward selected callers to his cellphone-unless his calendar and other evidence suggest that he is in a meeting.Video Games’Unexpected benefits to human brain.14-17选择Be replete with=be full ofVideo games give your child’s brain a real workout.=Video games improves the intellectual ability in several ways.Workout=practiceIn several ways常常用一些具体表达所代替Some of the mental skills trained by video games include:following instructions,problem solving logic,hand eye coordination.Fine motor and spatial skills.Video games help increase the speed of player’s reaction effectivelyVideo games could provide a potent training regimen for speeding up reaction in many types of real-life situationPotent training=help....effectively increase the speed of...=speeding up18-21直接定位就好Neurotransmitter心血管方面的药物Neuro-心血管方面的...22-2622Alter=change23Make quick decision=make decisions without hesitation.24Video games are goal-driven experiences which are fundamental to learning=Video games are purpose-motivated experiences that play an basic role in studying.25Players are good at tackling prompt issues with future in-tensionsgamers must deal with immediate problems while keeping their long-term goals on their horizon 26Video and computer games also help children gain self confidence and many games are based on history,city building,and governance and so on...In helps children open up their eyes in many aspects and obtain self-confidenceFossil Files-----the Paleobiology Database28-33heading28.29.But already the project is attracting harsh criticism.Some experts believe it to be seriously flawed.Seriously flawed=error30.Fans of the paleobiology Database acknowledge that the fossil record will always be incomplete.Fans of....=supporters of...31.Already,the database has thrown up some surprising results.32.Single species often end up with several names.Due to misdentification or poor communication between taxonomists in different countries.33.F段首句34-36（人物信息matching）34.fossil record is the best tool we have for understanding how diversity and extinction work in normal times.....Having a background extinction estimate gives us a benchmark for understanding the mass extinction that’s currently under way.It allows us to say just how bad it it in relative terms35.We need this kind of information in much more details to protect all of biodiversity,not just the ones we know well.36.Adrain points out that statistic wrangling has been known to create mass extinction where none occurred tremendous species die out=mass distinction wrangling=contradictory37-4039.like jellyfish will always remain a mystery.Untraceable难以描绘的...=mysteryA new Ice Age14-1614概括题15migration seems impossible for the reason of closed bordersthe inability to migrate may remove one of the major safety nets for distressed people16the heat is brought to Europe by the wind flowThis massive column of cascading cold is the main engine powering a deeper water current called the Great Ocean Conveyor that snakes through all the world’s oceans17-21Matching人物信息17A rapid climate change wreaks great ecological crisisAbrupt Climate Change:Inevitable Surprises,produced by the National Academy of Science...18Most Americans are not aware of the next cooling period.he alarmed that Americans have yet to take the threat seriously19A case f a change of ocean water is mentioned in a conferenceAt a February conference in Honolulu...he has termed the drop in salinity and temperature in the Labrador Sea a body of water between northeastern Canada and Greenland that adjoins the Atlantic(case example等一般会用具体事物所代替)20Global warming accelerates the advent of the ice agehe(Joyce)explains how such warming could actually be the surprising culprit of the next mini-ice 21this kind of thing just doesn’t happen anymore...22-25略-----直接定位The persuaders1-4判断1.Even we are careful with,sleek(圆滑的)tricks of sales,we still buy things from skilled persuadersThey employ the most skilled image-makers and use the best psychological tricks to guarantee that even the most cautions among us are open to manipulation.2.Ng3.Fewer shoppers contribute more profit for merchantsResearch has shown that75percent of profit comes from just30percent of customers.4Good salesman knows that people like to listen instead of speakingit is human nature to prefer to speak rather than to listen,and good salespeople pander to this. Pander to=cater for迎合5-9单选6Use emotion to touch customers=tap in to our feeling7sell the fight products to right personeffective sales people try as far as possible to match their style of presenting themselves to how the buyer comes across8closing the deal=terminate a deal9-13填空summary10.Maximize the profits=generate the most profits12有问题13.Make customer feel they are in the group,in fashion adsWater filter14-19Guide to making Water Filters14take a handful of dray,crushed clay,mix it with a handful of organic material.....15add enough water to make a stiff biscuit-like mixture=with adequate water to create a thick mixture.(add...to...=with...;create=make;thick=stiff)16surround the pots with straw17put them in a mound of cow manure.(put=place安置，放置)20-23填空题20：the properties of cow manure are vial as the fuel can reach a temperature of700degrees in half an hour and will be up to950degrees after after another20to30minutes（达到700°需要半个小时，达到950°则需要额外的20分钟）21.Be inappropriate for pot making=A pot that won’t hold water-his filters capitalize on this property.22.Ng23.Ng24-26选择24.should be the same as an adult’s forefinger定位：just as using manure as a fuel for domestic uses is not a new idea,the porosity of clay is sth that potters have known about for years,and sth that as a former ceramicist the ANU school of art 25.the charity wanted to help set up a small industry manufacturing water filters,but initial research found the local clay to be too fine-a problem solved by the addition of organic material. Set up=build a filter production factory=industry manufacturing water filters26.定位：there will be no legal obstacles to it being adopted in any community that needs itA:Because he hopes it can be freely available around the worldNo legal obstacles=freely available around the world=in any communityMungo man27-32（判断题）27:对应A段第三行The lake Mungo remains.....with his family28:NG29:对应A段最后一句：Mungo Man is the oldest known example in the world of such a ritual... 30：in1974，he found a second complete skeleton,.31：Because Thorne is the country’s leading opponent of the out of Africa theory-that Homo sapiens had a single place of origin32：ng33-4033：对应在D段(However,for Bowler,these debates are irritating speculative distraction from the study’s main findings.At40,000years old,Mungo Man and Mungo Lady remain Australia’s oldest human burials and the earliest evidence on earth of cultural sophistication)Be Cremated=burials34：对应在D段（But even assuming the DNA sequences were correct,Professor Stringer said it could just mean that there was much more genetic diversity in the past than previously realized）Be suspicious of=even assuming the DNA sequences were correct....(就算假设DNA序列是对的，也表明。

2012.9.1雅思阅读机经

2012年9月1日的雅思考试过后，环球雅思也在第一时间整理了完整的2012年9月1日雅思阅读机经，在此次的雅思阅读考试的三篇文章中，其中比较典型的几个题型的TRUE\FALSE\NOT GIVEN、Complete table、多选题、Sentence completion的出题比例依旧比较稳定，可以看到判断TRUE\FALSE\NOT GIVEN还是2012年9月1日雅思阅读机经中的重头戏。

考试日期：2012年9月1日Reading Passage 1Title:Man and MachineQuestion types:段落细节信息配对题填空题summary文章内容回顾关于机器人的，MIT和日本的一些研究英文原文阅读Types of RobotsHumanoid Entertainment RobotsASIMO, manufactured by HondaQRIO, by SonyHOAP(*1) Robot Series (Humanoid for Open Architecture Platform), Manufactured by FujitsuToyota Partner Robot, manufactured by Toyota. EMIEW, by HitachiAndroidsAndroids are robots designed to strongly resemble humans.Actroid, a realistic female robot demonstrated most prominently at Expo 2005 in JapanHanako, a humanoid robot designed for dentist training HRP-4C, a humanoid robot with a realistic head and the average figure of a young Japanese femaleAnimal (four legged) robotsAibo playing with kidsAIBO is a commercial robotic dog manufactured by Sony Electronics.Social robotsPaPeRoParo, a robot baby seal intended for therapeutic purposesWakamaruGuard robotsGuardrobo D1 is manufactured by Sohgo Security Services. Banryu, manufactured by Sanyo and TMSUK.Domestic robotsSmartPal V, manufactured by Yaskawa ElectricCorporation.TWENDY-ONE, developed byWaseda University.TPR-ROBINA, manufactured by Toyota.Mobility RobotWL-16RIII, developed by Waseda University and TMSUK. i-foot, developed by Toyota.i-REAL, developed by Toyota.Murata Boy, developed by Murata Manufacturing Co. Ltd. Rescue robotsT-53 Enryu, manufactured by TMSUK.Industrial Humanoid RoboticsHRP-3 PROMET Mk-II, manufactured by Kawada Industries, designed by Yutaka Izubuchi. HRP-4Industrial RoboticsEventually the deeper long term financial resources and strong domestic market enjoyed by the Japanese companies prevailed, their robots spread all over the globe. Only a few non-Japanese companies managed to survive in this market, including Adept Technology, Stäubli-Unimation, the Swedish-Swiss company ABB (ASEA Brown-Boveri), the Austrian manufacturer igm Robotersysteme AG and the German company KUKA Robotics.This includes the one used by the robot based automativeproduction plants,known as assembly line robots.CharacteristicsMoreover, a recently created robot called CB2 or Child-robot with Biomimetic Body may follow moving objects with its eyes. CB2 can dangle its legs, raise its shoulders and fall with rhythmic breathing. CB2 may recognize the human touch, which is possible thanks to the 197 film-like pressure sensors that are placed under its rubbery skin. Asada, the team of engineers and brain specialists together with psychologists and many other specialists in the related domain created a CB2 that may record emotional expressions, memorize them and then match them with physical sensations.The characteristics of robots are however progressive, their abilities being enlarged as the technology has progressed. The same CB2 acts more and more as human and it was capable of teaching itself how to walk with the aid of human help. The robot learned how to move around the room by using its 51 "muscles," which are driven by air pressure.The humanoid Japanese robots characteristics include abilities such as blinking, smiling or expressing emotions akin to anger and surprise. One of the newestJapanese robots, HRP-4C is a female-robot programmed to catwalk. It walks and talks and with the help of 30 motors it may move its legs and arms however loudly and awkwardly. The facial expressions that are capable of are driven by 8 facial motors to make it smile or blink and change the facial expression as a response to anger or surprise.Robots that are intended to play with children usually look like animals and depending on what animal they are, they make different sounds, move, walk and play. Robot-dogs for example may bark, move their tails and somehow run or play with a child.There are also the mountable robots that can carry their passengers almost anywhere they need to go. Some of the Japanese robots move through rolling.题型难度分析据学生回忆，这篇题目相对简单，而且是旧题V080621。

雅思阅读预测真题库5参考答案

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最近雅思阅读进入高频旧题出现期,各位烤鸭一定要重点查看机经预测。

《九分达人雅思阅读真题还原1》中《交流方式和冲突》，《哥伦比亚大交换》，《莫扎特效应》，《音乐我们共同的语言》，《业余自然爱好者》
《九分达人雅思阅读真题还原2》中《龙涎香》，《仿生机器人》，《诺贝尔一生》, 《鸟的迁徙》不需要参考以外剩下文章全部关注。

重点要关注雅思机经中的，（红色字体重点关注）
The Origin of the Mass Production 大规模生产的起源，
昆士兰的生态旅游Ecotourism，
Saturn Spectacular 壮观的土星
Cave Art 岩画，
航海家Franklin，
贫穷地区的交通practical action，
大象交流，leaf cutter 蚂蚁，
Hibernation 冬眠，
We have Star Performers 团队中的明星
Research on Three Crown树冠研究
Grey workers 老龄工作者，
Serendipity 意外的新发现，
The evolutional mystery: Crocodile survives 鳄鱼进化拯救英国鱼鹰，
马达加斯加寻香。

恐龙的脚印
Tortoise and Turtle 乌龟和海龟，
The U-evolution of Turtles海龟的反向进化
Junk Food Advertising 垃圾食物广告，
The Reduction on Carbon Dioxide Emission 碳排放减少，创新和智力Creativity VS IQ，
伦敦晃桥Bridge Swaying，
布鲁内尔实际的预言家
陨石湖泊的研究
珊瑚礁
科學交流The science of communication
非洲传统农业。