英语中并列句的四种类型.

英语中并列句的四种类型.
英语中并列句的四种类型.

英语中并列句的四种类型

一、联合关系

常用的连词有and( 同,和), when(=and just at this time 就在这时,然后), not only…but (also)…( 不仅……而且…… ), neither…nor… (既不……也不……)等。如:

He helps me and I help him. 他帮我,我帮他。

He not only gave us a lot of advice, but also helped us to study English. 他不仅给我们出很多建议并且还帮助我学英语。

I was just leaving when the telephone rang. 我正要离开,电话铃响了。

注:when 作这种用法时,主要用于

was/were doing sth. when sth./sb. did;

was/were about to do sth. when sth./sb. did;

was/were on the point of doing sth. when sth./sb. did

等句型中,表示“当某人或某物正在或正要做某事,就在这时突然又发生了另一事”。

二、选择关系

常用的连词有or( 或者,否则), otherwise( 否则), or else( 否则), either...or( 不是……就是) 。如:

Hurry up, or (else) you’ll be late. 快点,否则就会迟到了。

Will he still be there or will he have gone away? 你那时还在那里还是可能已经走了?

You must go early, otherwise you will miss the bus. 你好得早点走,否则就赶不上公共汽车了。

Either Tom is coming or his sisters are. 不是汤姆就是她的姐妹们要来。

三、转折关系

常用的连词有but( 但是,可是,只是因为), while( 而、却), yet( 可是) 等。如:

It never rains but it pours. 祸不单行。

I like tea while she likes coffee. 我喜欢喝茶而她喜欢喝咖啡。

She said she would be late, yet she arrived on time. 她说她会迟到,但她却准时到达了。

She looks very young, but she is already in her 30’s. 她看上去很年轻, 可是她已三十多岁了。

此处,还有副词still( 仍然),however( 然而) 也表示转折关系。

He is good-natured; still I don''t like him. 他脾气很好, 可是我还是不喜欢他。

The book is expensive; however, it''s worth it. 这本书很贵;却很值。

注意:but, while 不与although 连用,但yet, still 可与although 连用。

Although she felt ill, she still went to work. 她虽然感觉不舒服,但她仍然去上班。

四、因果关系

常用的连词有for (因为)和so (所以,因此)等。如:

I am thirsty, for it is hot. 我口渴,因为天气太热。

The manager was ill so I went in her place. 经理病了所以我代她去。

注意:so 不与because 连用

复合句用法讲解

复合句

1、概述

复合句(complex sentence)由一个主句(main clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(subordinate clause)构成。主句是全句的主体,通常可以独立存在;从句则只用作句子的一个成分,不能独立。

After the students were all in the chemistry lab, the teacher brought out three bottles.在学生全都进入化学实验室后,老师拿出三个瓶子来。(主句是“the teacher brought out three bottles”,从句是“After the students were all in the chemistry lab”。)

Corn is a very useful plant that can be prepared in many different ways.玉米是一种非常有用的作物,可用许多不同的方法制作成食物。(主句是“Corn is a very useful plant”,从句是“that can be prepared in many different ways”。)

We also believe that many more people will prefer to travel by air.我们还认为会有更多的人愿意乘飞机旅行。(主句是“We also believe”但意义不完整,从句是“that many more people will prefer to travel by air”。)

2、从句的基本概念及其结构

从句不能独立成为一个句子,虽然它也有主语部分和谓语部分。从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。从句的结构通常是:关联词+主语+谓语。

When I came home,my wife was cooking dinner. 我回家时,妻子在做晚饭。

He said that he would come. 他说他要来

Did you see the letter that I sent him? 你看到我寄给他的信了吗?

Whether the football game will be played depends on

the weather.足球比赛是否举行将视天气而定。

3、关联词(connective)

引导从句的关联词共有下列5类:

(1)从属连词:that(无词义),before(在…前),whether (是否),after(在…之后),if(假如、是否),since(既然、自从), because(因为),as/so long as(只要),when (当时…候),so that(结果)

(2)疑问代词:who, which, whom, what, whose等。(3)疑问副词:when, why, where, how

(4)关系代词:who, which, whom, that, whose

(5)关系副词:when, why, where

4、关联词在从句中的功用举例

We can't travel through the forest by road because there

aren't any roads! 我们不能从陆路穿过森林,因为这儿根本没有路可走!(关联词是从属连词because,引导状语从句)I think that it's wrong to eat monkeys, so I don't.我认为吃猴子是不对的,所以我不吃。(关联词是从属连词that,引导宾语从句,在从句中不作成分)

Anybody who breaks the rule is punished. 谁要是破坏了这条规则,谁就要受到惩罚。(关联词是关系代词who,引导定语从句,在从句中作主语)

Although it was expensive, we decided to buy the computer.虽然价钱昂贵,我们还是决定把计算机买下来。(关联词是从属连词although,引导状语从句)

Would you please let me know when you have a match?你们有比赛的时候,请告诉我好吗?(关联词是疑问副词when,引导宾语从句,在从句中作状语)

What we need is more time.我们需要的是更多的时间。(关联词是疑问代词what,引导主语从句,在从句中作宾语)5、从句的功用和种类

从句在复合句中,可作主语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语等,因此,可分为六类:即主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。

The dam, which is the biggest in the world , is 3,830 metres long.这座水坝是世界上最大的一座,长3830米。(含

有which引导的定语从句)

Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the llth floor.当11层楼起火的时候,大楼内有500人在工作。(含有when引导的时间状语从句)

The chief editor decides which will be the most important story on the front page. 由主编决定哪篇报导最重要,应安排在头版。(含有which引导的宾语从句)

Whether she will come or not is still a question. 她是否会来仍是一个问题。(含有whether引导的主语从句)

That is where he was born. 这就是他出生的地方。(含有where引导的表语从句)

We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到了我们球队己经获胜的消息。(含有that引导的同位语从句)

英语词组用法:either…or…的用法either…or…,其意为“要么…要么…”、“不是…就是…”:

要么进来,要么出去。

我想去巴黎或伦敦游览一下。

不是他没讲清楚,就是我没听明白。

你喝茶也行,喝咖啡也行。

不是你错,就是我错。

neither...nor...表示"既不……也不……"。其含义是否定的,可连接任意两个并列的成份。

她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。

她既不聪明,又不勤奋。

今天他和她都不在家。

not only…but also…,其意为“不但…而且…”:

选中的不仅有男的也有女的。

他不仅读过这本书,而且还记得书中的内容。

他不但风趣,而且也很机智。

不只是你,他也得离开。

both…and…,其意为“…和…都”、“不但…而且…”、“既…又…”:

她不仅会说日语,而且还会写。

他说话既亲切又明事理。

她和索菲娅都喜欢这姑娘。

Translation Exercises: (英语复合句的翻译) 我们可能去,但要看天气如何。

他为什么走并不重要。

他来不来还不肯定。

很奇怪他对此竟不无所知。

他什么时候回来很大程度上取决于天气。我们能否成功还要拭目以待。

谁获胜还没有宣布。

我在哪儿过夏天不干你的事。

对这起谋杀案他竟然只字未抻真令人惊讶。小偷怎么进去的是一个谜。

生命如何开始的是一个谜。

该发生的事总会发生.

谁来都欢迎。

不管你们谁第一个到都可以得到一份奖品。

他们的第一个想法是他把它藏起来了。

好莱坞是拍电影的好地方,原因是那里天天有太阳。

问题是发生了这事该谁负责。

为什么人们通过钢轨听到一列驶近的火车的声言比由空气中传来的早得多,道理就在这里。

毫无疑问,他是位优秀的学者。

我们收到了他将缺席的消息。

我们有证据说明是这个人犯的罪。

我有印象,她选词很小心。

他提交证据表明,他的论文是根据原告的研究写成的。

我得出结论这样做是不明智的。

有谣言说你辞职了。

他们得到保证工会将支持他们。

凯特恳求他们把钱送给汤姆,因为汤姆确实需要钱用,而她什么都有。

鱼能发电,而且发的电力足够小灯泡照明,甚至驱动马达,这种设想几乎难以置信。

虽然电视是为了广播而发明的, 但是电视还有许多与广播无关的重要用途。

高中英语语法——并列句和状语从句

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英语并列句解析及例句

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(完整版)初中英语倒装句讲解及练习

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高中英语语法倒装句讲解及练习附答案

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英语中四种类型并列句讲解

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