(完整版)高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法
高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法
语法填空的考点或考查内容是：
(1)纯空格题：通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。一个空格只能填一个单词。
(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、词类转换等。一个空格可以填多个个单词
语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以动词(verb)（或其适当形式）、名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modal verbs)、连词(conj)或引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.) 考查各项语法内容。
考点一：冠词
?无提示词
?名词之前
1. There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed [40]_ ___ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. (14一模)
2.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was [35]_ __ shy , nervous perfectionist. (15二模)
3. …the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to [40]_ ___ small town some 20 kilometers away (12年)
4. I still remember taking [22] ___ visiting friend from Canada to a local Black Country pub for lunch.
考查语法点: 定冠词,不定冠词的用法
[解题技巧]
下列情况很可能填：
(1)________+可数名词(单数)；
(2)________+形容词+可数名词(单数)。
下列情况下很可能填：
(1)________ (+定语)+名词+ of等介词短语(表示特指)；
(2)________ (+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；
(3)________ (+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。
1. He’s ___ amazing singer, a music video director, a business owner and he ……
2. One way that Americans do this is with __ firm hand shake.
3. This is ____ law of American—of all successful people.
4. hour
honest boy
_____ 8-year-old boy
X-ray photo/umbrella/American
考点二：介词
?无提示词：注意搭配问题
?与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等
?与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语
1. In short, I believe that it is [39]________ great use to keep a dairy in English…
2. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back [34]_________the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen.
3. She found some good quality pipes_________ sale.
4. He was very tired _______________ doing thi s for a whole day…
考查语法点: 介词的基本用法及惯用搭配
考点三：代词
?无提示词
?作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。
?指示代词（it和this）,不定代词，it用作引导词,反身代词等
1. She remembered how difficult _________ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.
2. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _____ .
3. It has been said before, but experiencing it myself has made _____ want to say it again: a smile…
考查语法点: 代词的基本用法
[解题技巧]
因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词(不能作主语)等。在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了。
考点四：连词或从句引导词
?无提示词
?两个主谓结构连接
1. Historically, it was famous for industry, which explains 16 the area is called the Black Country.
2. It got its name during the industrial revolution, 17 factory pollution turned the local skies black and local dust from the mines made the soil the same color.
3. Jane paused in front of a counter ______ some attractive ties were on display.
4. One day, he came up with an idea _____ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.
考查语法点: 各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法
[解题技巧]
(1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and, or, but等。
(2)若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。
根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句(多要求考生填and, but, while, when, or等)还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。
考点五：谓语动词
?有提示词
?与主语构成主谓结构
1. I was certain she would like it because I _______ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. (15广州一模)
2. His fear of failure ________ (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. (14深圳二模)
3. Being too anxious to help an event develop often ________ (result) in the contrary to our intention.(15广东)
考查语法点: 谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致
考点六：非谓语动词
?有提示词
?除谓语动词以外的动词形式
1. We must also consider the reaction of the person [32]__________ (receive) the gift.
2. …I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left ____________ (complete) the rest!
3. My pupils, Donnie [40]__________ (include), adored her.
4. Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛) (raise). (11广州一模)
考查语法点: 非谓语动词及变形的使用
考点七：词性转换
.有提示词
介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子
1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said [36]__________ (rude).
2. As far as I am concerned, my [37] ____________ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach.
3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _______ (nature) course.
4. ____________ (doubt), although there is still room for improvement to this policy,
I think it is still a good one which brings more good than harm to the students and the nation.
考查语法点: 各类词性的正确使用及转化
考点八：形容词的级
?有提示词
?通常，有表示范围的in /of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级
1.One of the [33]__________ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher…
2. … We were both laughing the whole time at our comple te inability to communicate in words. When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in Korean, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt __________ (lonely) than I had expected that night.
3. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics call her one of the _________ (great) writers of our time.(双语报)
小结
一．根据句子结构，确定词性
一般有提示词:动词, 名词, 形容词, 副词.
无提示词:冠词,介词, 连词, 代词.
二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形
冠词定冠词,不定冠词
代词人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词
连词并列句及复合句
介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配
谓语动词谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致
非谓语非谓语动词to do, doing, done 及变形
词性变化词汇, 构词法
解题四步走通读全文,理解大意
分析句子,确定词性
根据语义, 确定词形
检查搭配, 前后连贯
二
2015年新课标I
Yangshuo, China
It was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours 62 , I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with 63 (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65 (painting). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away ___66___ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.
Yangshuo 67 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 68 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 70 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
2015年新课标II
The adobe dwellings(土坯房）61 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63 (able) to “air condition”a house without 64 (use）electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65 (slow) during cool nights，thus warning the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66 (cool) the house during the hot day: 67 the same time, they warm up again for the night This cycle 68 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 69 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
三
语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
In my free time, I really like surfing the Internet. When I get home from work, I turn on my computer, wait until it boots up__36_ (complete), and then I go online. I usually check my email first and then write a few messages _ _37_ family and friends. I sometimes scan the local news headlines at _38___ favorite news Website and read up on the latest local and international news. This Website often provides video news clips_39___ you can view online.
I sometimes order products or service online to save money and time instead of going to a store and__40_(buy) what I'm looking for. For example, I ___41____ (order)a digital camera online the other day and saved about $50. Whatever I do, I realize that there are problems__ 42 __ using the Internet including scams, identify theft, and viruses, so I'm very careful not to give
out my_43__ (person) information. Furthermore, I don't download or open files I don't recognize. __44__(use) the Internet can be fun and a convenient way of shopping and finding out new information, but you just need to be__45___ (care).
语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are neccessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear ______31________ spoken.. Secondly, we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without hesitation. _____32_______ ,we must be able to read the language , and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.
There is no easy way to success _____33_______ language learning.
_____34________ good memory is of great help, but it is not enough only
_____35________(memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long list of words and ______36_________meaning, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language. _______37_______we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the languang. “Learn through use” is a good piece of _____38______(advise) for those
______39______are studying a new language. Practice is important. We must practise speaking and ____40____(write) the language whenever we can.
四
2014-新课标I
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62 (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasn’t changed in a few days 64 even a few months. It took years of work 65 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66 (clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 67 is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?While there are 68 (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 (patience).
2014-新课标II
One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _61(be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___62____ some of them looked very anxious and ___63__(disappoint) . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next __64_ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike __65___ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ____66___(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ____67___(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stoo d up and asked,“____68___ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It ‘s ____69___ (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers ___70__(sudden) became friendly to one another.
五
语法填空
Crying marriage? 31 (surprise), isn’t it? Actually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago in many areas of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province, and 32 (remain) in fashion 33 the end of the Qing Dynasty. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people, who view it as a 34 (necessary) to marriage procedure.
It is very much 35 same in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. 36 , the bride’s neighbors would look down upon 37 as a poorly cultivated girl and she would become the laughingstock of the village. In fact, there were cases 38 which the bride was beaten by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony.
In a word, crying at wedding is a 39 by custom to set off the happiness of the wedding through falsely sorrowful words. However, in the 40 (arrange) marriages of the old days of China, there were indeed quite a lot of brides who cried over their unsatisfactory marriage and even their miserable life.
语法填空
Nowadays, millions 31 lonely singles are now going online
instead. 32 World Wide Web is quickly becoming the world’s most popular matchmaker(媒人).
Singles are flocking(涌向) to the Internet 33 (main) because their busy lifestyles leave them little time to look for a significant other. Using dating sites(约会网址) is quick and convenient. Many singles say the regular dating scene 34 (just lead) them from one bad experience to 35 and are ready to try something else. Dating sites also make 36 easy to avoid someone 37 you are not interested in. In the real
world, 38 , ignoring someone you don’t like can be difficult.
Despite all the advantages, online dating also presents its own set of problems. People aren’t always those who they declare to be in their online 39 (describe). Safety is another concern. You are just 40 (like) to find a criminal online as you are Mr. Or Miss Right.
六
2013广东高考真题
语法填空
ne day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he 1 ( find ) that he had run out of salt.So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it; neither too much 2 too little.”His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I shouldn’t pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, 3 not save a bit of money?”“That would be a very 4 ( reason ) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.Nick’s guests, 5 had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt 6 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 7 the sweat and str uggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“But such a small thing couldn’t 8 ( possible ) destroy a village.”
“In the beginning, there was only 9 very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always 10 ( think ) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”
语法填空2012广东高考真题
Mary will ever forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day,__1__( wear ) sun glasses. He walked in as if he __2__(buy) the school , And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City .For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt __3___ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was p robably the fact that she sat in _4___last row.___5__ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the
back ,he was wrong . It might have made it a little __6__( hard ) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around ,but that didn’t stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary,_ 7__made her feel like a star .“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons ?” the teacher
asked .The new boy shook his head.” Then I’d appreciate it if you didn’t wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when I’m speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher __8__a few seconds and all the other students wondered __9____ the boy would do .Then he took __10____ off, gave a big smile and said “That is co ol."
八
语法填空（2015广东卷）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个恶适当的词或使用括号中词语
Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned 16 farm, which looked almost abandoned.17 (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby18 other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 19 (leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass 20 it began to rain heavily. While making great efforts to run away, she 21 (fall) over the hill and died. Then the Johnsons had to make a living 22 the cow. In order to support his family, Mr. Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees23 (sell) the wood. Thinking about his children’s clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he
was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market 24 people from the towns met regularly. Now it occurred to 25 that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.
语法填空（2014 广东卷）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16—25 的相应位置上。
There are moments in life ___16____ you miss someone so much that you just want to pick them from your dreams and hug(拥抱) them for real!
When the door of happiness closes, __17_____ opens, but often we look so long at the closed door ___18____ we don't see the one which has been opened for us.
Don't go for looks; they can deceive (欺骗). Don't go for wealth; even that fades away. Go for someone ___19__ __ makes you smile because it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright.
Dream what you want to dream; go where you want to go; be __20 __ you want to be.
The ___21__(happy) of people don't ___22__(necessary) have the best of everything; they just make the most of everything that ___23__ (come) along their way. The brightest future will always be based on a _24 ____ (forget) past.
When you were born, you were crying and everyone _25 ____ you was smiling.
Live your life so that when you die, you're the one who is smiling and everyone around you is crying.
九
语法填空
It was now raining heavily. My husband was away. I did not want to ask anyone else to go with me. So I went to the hospital by ___31___ . I was taken to a small room. Lina ___32___ (lie)sleeping quietly on a table.
This wasn’t 33___ first time Lina had taken too many pills. I knew she would sleep deeply for about twelve hours ____34____ the poison had stopped doing
its harm.
I sat down by Lina’s side and watched her sleep. The room was still. I looked around. The room seemed familiar. “Have I been here before?” I wondered. I looked around ___35____. “I’m sure I’ve been in this room,” I told myself. Then I remembered. It was in this very room that I gave birth ___36___ Lina seventeen years ago. ____37___ happy I was then!
Lina used to be such a bright, ____38____(health) and nice child. “What has turned her into a dope-taker (吸毒者)?” I asked myself. “And why are millions of young people like her ___39___ (take)dope to destroy themselves? There must be something ____40___(serious) wrong with our society. What is it?”
语法填空
Most students do an IQ test early in their school career. Even if they never see their results, they feel that their IQ is 31______ determines how well they are going to do in life. When they see other students doing 32______ than them, they usually believe that those students have 33______ higher IQ and that there is nothing they can do 34______ (change) facts. However, new research into EQ suggests that success is not 35______ (simple) the result of a high IQ.
While your IQ tells you how 36______ (intelligence) you are, your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence. Professor Salovery, who 37______ (invent) the term EQ, gives the following description: At work, it is IQ 38______ gets you promoted. Supported by his academic research, Professor Salovery suggests that when 39______ (predict) someone's future success, their character, 40______ measured by EQ tests, might actually matter more than their IQ.