中考英语猜测词义句义练习
中考英语语篇理解之词义猜测题

备战中考英语一轮复习语法知识语篇理解之词义猜测题英语阅读训练和测试中的生词障碍往往会成为学生理解的“绊脚石”,这些“绊脚石”的出现大致分五类:(1)旧词新义,考查词汇表中未出现的词义;如:Nearby is the Indianapolis race course , where the nation’s most famous car race is held each year on May 30th.我们学过 course 的意思是“过程,课程”等,在此显然不符句意。
根据上下文 course 是汽车赛举行的地方,可推断 course 在该句是“车道”或“跑道”的意思。
(2)合成词、转化词与派生词,如shoplifting ,heartbroken ,computer-literate ,decision-thinking ,imperfect 等;(3)“灵活”的常用词增多,这些词必须根据具体的上下文语境才能正确理解;(4)“新鲜”的外国人名、地名、专有名称增多,这些词有些带有一定的文化背景(5)超纲生词。
猜测词义是应用英语的重要能力,也是中考阅读理解中必考的题型。
它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。
考生应学会通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及上下文线索等确定词义。
近年来,词义猜测题有逐渐增加的趋势,尤其是猜测词组、句义题。
因为猜测词组、句义题涉及题材背景、句子结够、文章主旨、作者的观点态度等。
联系主旨、整合上下文信息是解答这类题的关键。
近几年阅读理解的生词率略有上升,加大了猜测力度。
命题者着重考查考生利用同义或反义关系、构词法、语法和语篇文脉等理解生词的能力。
【命题趋势】1、要求根据阅读材料所提供的信息,结合中学生应有的常识和经验,正确判断生词词组的含义或成熟词在特定语境中表达的具体含义以及一些句子的意思。
2、要求猜测词义的词一般为实词及其词组,通过构词、定义、对比、因果、联想、上下文等线索确定词义的具体内容。
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题

中考英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题1.The boy was very happy and ran around like a wild animal. What does “wild” mean?A.calmB.angryC.fierce and not controlledD.sad答案:C。
“wild”表示“野蛮的、未被驯服的、不受控制的”。
A 选项“calm”是“平静的”;B 选项“angry”是“生气的”;D 选项“sad”是“悲伤的”。
根据上下文,男孩高兴得像个野生动物一样跑来跑去,可推测“wild”在这里是“fierce and not controlled”(凶猛且不受控制的)的意思。
2.The girl had a beautiful smile that lit up the room. What does “lit up” mean?A.cleanedB.brightenedC.decoratedD.warmed答案:B。
“lit up”表示“照亮、使明亮”。
A 选项“cleaned”是“打扫”;C 选项“decorated”是“装饰”;D 选项“warmed”是“使温暖”。
根据上下文,女孩的微笑照亮了房间,可推测“lit up”在这里是“brightened”((使明亮)的意思。
3.The old man walked slowly with a cane. What does “cane” mean?A.stickB.hatC.shoeD.coat答案:A。
“cane”表示“手杖”。
B 选项“hat”是“帽子”;C 选项“shoe”是“鞋子”;D 选项“coat”是“外套”。
根据上下文,老人拿着一根手杖慢慢地走,可推测“cane”在这里是“stick”(棍子、手杖)的意思。
4.The dog barked loudly at the stranger. What does “barked” mean?A.jumpedB.ranC.shoutedD.whispered答案:C。
词义猜测作业练习(含答案)

AAre you afraid of going to the dentist? If so, you' re not alone.These fears could just be in our heads, however. According to a recent survey by Martin Tickle, a professor at Manchester University in the UK, the pain isn't felt most of the time in dental surgeries (牙科手术). In fact. among the 451 interviewed patients, 75% reported no pain at all during their visits including situations when they had their teeth pulled out.Could it be the sound of the drill (钻头)then?“I found that the sound of drilling can evoke deep worry in dental patients. Actually they don't have any pain." Hiroyuki Karibe, a scientist at Nippon Dental University in Tokyo, told the Guardian.To find the reason why a drill might bring on a racing hear, Karibe divided the volunteers into low-fear and high-far groups based on how much they feared a trip to the dentist.Volunteers were played the sound of a drill while their brain activities were watched by a machine.What Karibe found in the low-fear group was increased activity in the areas of the brain relative to auditory processing (听觉处理),which means, for these people, the sound of dental dills is no different from other sounds.In the high-fear group, however, the brain area that was activated (激活) was different. It was the area that carries out a number of duties, including learning, feelings and, most importantly, memory. This means that these volunteers not only heard the sound, but they remembered it-they made connections between the sound of a dill and the worry it produced inthe past, causing their worry to return.Understanding how brains reply to the sounds of dentists' drills could help scientists find ways to make patients more relaxed, according to Karibe, because patients who worry about going to the dentist might keep putting off their visits. But the best way is to keep your teeth healthy.()1. According to the fourth paragraph, what does the word "evoke" mean in Chinese?A.减轻B.引起C.显示D.阻止BSince the age of three, Chelsie Hill had dreamed of becoming a dancer. That dream nearly ended one night in 2010. Hill, then a 17-year-old high school girl in Pacific Grove, California, was in a car accident that put her in the hospital for 51 days and left her paralyzed from the waist(腰部) down.For most people, that would have ended any hope of a dancer. For Hill, it was the beginning.“I wanted to show people—and myself—that I was still normal. Whatever normal meant,”she said.Normal meant dancing for her. Hill did in her wheelchair with her high school dance team.“Half of my body was taken away from me, and I have to move it with my hands. It took a lot of learning, and patience.”After graduation, Hill wanted to build her dance network to cover women like her. Hoping to reach more people in a larger city, Hill moved to Los Angeles in 2014 and formed a team of dancers. with disabilities.Dancing on wheels, they discovered, can be just as the same as the foot-based dance. In disabled dance competition around the country, the six-member team danced, waving their heads, giving poses, and moving their wheelchairs. They're having fun, and the audiences' reactions showthey are touchedThat is Hill. Hill has done what many of us never will:her childhood dream.()2.. The underlined word“paralyzed”in Paragraph 1 means ___ _ in Chinese.A.健康的B.瘫痪的C.悔恨的D.难过的CThis famous poem, with four couplets, was written by Du Fu(712-770, Tang Dynasty). His farming experience taught him to be thankful to nature.The very first word,“go od", shows the poet's joy and love for the spring rain. The rain is good because it“knows" the proper time to come. Here the poet uses personification (拟人手法), as if the rain were smart enough to come in time for the farmer's busy season.When the rain comes, it appears during the night without making any noise. Unlike the summer storms, the spring rain finishes its task without being known.In the third couplet, the poet describes a peaceful scene to us. In the night sky, the clouds look dark and heavy. It's a sign that there will be enough rain during the night. The light from the riverboat makes the dark scene a bit livelier.Lastly, the poet starts to imagine. Tomorrow morning, he thinks, the city will become beautiful when all of the flowers bloom (盛开) after the rain.()3. What's the Chinese title of the poem Happy Rain on a Spring Night?A.《春望》B.《春夜喜雨》C.《夜雨寄北》D.《春晓》答案:1-3 BBB。
词义猜测题英语练习题

词义猜测题英语练习题在英语学习中,词义猜测题一直是考试中常见的题型之一。
通过判断上下文,我们可以尝试推测生词的意思。
这不仅是提高词汇运用能力的有效方法,也能帮助我们更好地理解文章的内容。
下面将通过一些练习题来帮助大家加深对词义猜测的理解。
练习题1:The dog barked at the strangers passing by, showing its ______ nature.A) friendlyB) aggressiveC) timidD) curious这道题中,我们可以通过观察前文“barked at the strangers passing by”可以得知狗的行为是对陌生人的反应。
我们需要选取一个与“barked”相对应的词,以描述狗的动作和性格。
从四个选项中,可以排除掉A) friendly和D) curious,因为它们都不能描述狗在这一场景中的行为。
剩下的B) aggressive和C) timid都可以用来描述狗的性格,但是通过观察前文,我们可以推测狗在前文中是对陌生人表现出攻击性的反应,因此应选B) aggressive。
练习题2:The new student hesitated before speaking up, showing his ______ in class.A) confidenceB) anxietyC) intelligenceD) curiosity这道题中,我们可以观察到前文“hesitated before speaking up”,可以看出新生在课堂上对于说话有些犹豫。
我们需要选取一个与“hesitated”相对应的词,以描述新生在这一场景中的情感状态。
从四个选项中,可以排除掉C) intelligence和D) curiosity,因为它们都不能描述出新生在这一场景中的情感反应。
剩下的A) confidence和B) anxiety都可以和“hesitated”联系在一起,但是通过观察前文,我们可以推测新生在前文中表现出的是一种不太自信的情绪,因此应选B) anxiety。
初中词义猜测题

初中词义猜测题是中考英语阅读理解中的一种题型,主要
考察学生根据上下文推测生词含义的能力。
下面是一个例子:
题目:在文中“For example, he studies the map and identifies that their location is near the
intersection of two major highways. Then he
calculates that they are 200 miles from the nearest gas station.”这句话中,“intersection”一词最可能的
含义是()
A. 交叉路口
B. 分叉点
C. 结合点
D. 冲突点
解析:根据上下文可以推测出“intersection”指的是两
条公路相交的地方,因此最可能的含义是“交叉路口”。
选
项B“分叉点”通常是指一个树枝分出其他树枝的地方,与
上下文不符;选项C“结合点”通常是指两个或多个事物结
合在一起的地方,与上下文也不符;选项D“冲突点”通常
是指发生冲突或矛盾的地方,与上下文无关。
因此,正确答
案是A。
解题技巧:
1. 仔细阅读上下文,了解文章的大意和背景。
2. 根据上下文中的线索和提示,推测生词的含义。
3. 注意生词的词性和用法,以及其在句子中的作用和意义。
4. 排除与上下文不符或与常识不符的选项。
5. 最终确定答案时要确保选项符合上下文的逻辑和意义。
中考英语词义猜测技巧指导练习

中考英语词义猜测技巧指导练习阅读理解之猜测词义技巧专项训练一、单项选择.()1、Do you know what a rat is? That means a mouse.A.老鼠B. 猫C. 马D. 大象()2、Tom is a diligent boy: he always studies hard.A.懒惰的B. 开心的C. 勤奋的D. 幽默的()3、Kobe Bryant is fabulous, just like Michael Jordan, who is amazing.A.认真的B. 坚持的C. 难过的D. 极好的()4、The virus(病毒) is fierce. It is unlike the flu which is weak.A.治愈的B. 强烈的C. 弱的D. 有害的()5、Lily is not a tough girl. Instead, she often cries.A.柔弱的B. 坚强的C. 聪明的D. 幽默的()6、Learning is significant for students, and it is also important for teachers.A.重要的B. 次要的C. 必须的D. 困难的()7、The doctors are conscientious. So are the nurses. They are responsible.A.有爱心的B. 有趣的C. 自私的D. 有责任心的()8、-- There are so many people on the street now. -- Yes. It is tremendous.A.大量的B. 少量的C. 没有的D. 安静的()9、John is quiet. However, his brother Tim is sanguine.A.安静的B. 好学的C. 幽默的D. 开朗的()10、A photographer can use the photos he has taken to tell others about what he thinks of the world around him. Music and films also convey the feelings and ideas of the musicians and directors.A.拍摄B. 聆听C. 掩盖D. 传递二、阅读理解对点训练.1. There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic(北极圈) on foot. People who stayed there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited, because few people canlive in such a difficult place.() What does the underlined word “uninhabited” probably mean in Chinese?A. 气候恶劣的B. 充满危险的C. 困难重重的D. 无人居住的2. America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real,yet disappear soon. They don't feel hurt. If the same two people meet again, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand. Friendships between us develop more slowly but may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) deeply into both families.() The underlined phrase "pick up" may mean "_____"in Chinese.A. 拒绝B.放弃C. 不在意 D. 继续3. Google has started building 100 self-driving cars without any human controls. Instead, computer programs drive the cars, using sensors that"see" 600 feet in all directions to detect(探测) the road and any obstacles placed on the road which makeit difficult to drive.What does the underlined word “obstacles” mean in the paragraph?() A. 建筑 B. 事故 C. 障碍 D. 废弃4. Swimmers wear wet suits to keep warm underwater. Let’s take a bright red, yellow, and blue wet suit as an example. These colors are hard to miss on the surface of water. Watch carefully the changes in color as you descend in the water.()The underlined word “descend” probably means______ in Chinese in this passage.A.上升B.漂浮C.屏息D.下潜5. Every time an old computer breaks down, it needs to be dealt with safely. But at present, broken computer parts are usually buried. It may be hundreds of years before they are really gone in the earth. ()The underlined word buried probablymeans in the passage.A. 焚烧B. 障碍C. 回收D. 掩埋6. We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use:it became a symbol of honor and power(权力). In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by those in high office or by royal people such as the kings or queens.()The underlined word royal might mean in Chinese.A. 皇室的B. 富裕的C. 中产的D. 平民的7. The government has developed an app (应用程序) called Smart Sheriff. It lets parents know which websites their kids visit and which apps they use. South Koreahas required that kids aged 18 and under install this app on their smartphones.()What does the underlined word “install” mean in Chinese?A. 关闭B. 安装C. 开发D. 修复8.This regulation was introduced because children lack the ability to tell right from wrong. As a result, they may be misled and blindly imitate(模仿) that they see in programs.()What does the word lack refer to?A.缺乏B.减少C. 具备D. 拥有9. If you simply throw away that broken pen, it goes to a landfill and is buried with many other trash. To prevent polluting the groundwater, workers cover the trash with soil and keep it dry. And your pen will stay there for a long time, without having further use.()What’s the Chinese meaning of the underline word “landfill”?A. 焚烧场B.垃圾填埋场C. 岛屿D.发电站10. It's affordable. It has cheap hotels and everyday objects. So you don't have to worry about spending too much money when visiting Berlin.()The underlined word “affordable” means “” in Chinese.A. 可利用的B. 可触及的C. 付得起的D. 用得住的11. If the students can keep the balance between studying and playing,it's not bad for them to “raise” pets online.()What does the underlined word “balance” mean in Chinese?A. 余额B. 平衡C. 结算D. 欠款12. When in a new school, you can start by looking around your classroom—thinking about which kids you'd like to play with at break. Look for chances to say hi to them,smile and be friendly. Offer to share something or express your appreciation to them. ()What does the underlined word “appreciation” mean in Chinese?A. 看法B. 吹捧C. 欣赏D. 感谢13. Later,we gave a presentation about this city tour. We made a small video to introduce what we did at each place. It was so wonderful that the teacher praised us. Through this activity,I have not only become more confident,but also improved my speaking skills.()The underlined word “presentation” in the passage means “” in Chinese.A. 回忆B. 奖品C. 称赞D. 描述14.Soil(土壤) insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the soil in a dark and wet environment. However, insects with colors different from plants can easily be found and eaten by others. So in order to survive, they have to ride themselves in the daytime and appear only at night.()What’s the meaning the underlined word“ survive” in the passage?A. 繁殖B. 产卵C. 觅食D. 生存15.If you receive a written invitation to an event that says “RSVP”, that means you should reply to let the person who sent the invitation know whether or not you plan to go. ()What does the underlined word “RSVP” probably mean in Chinese?A. 请自便B. 请回复C. 请审阅D. 请来访16. …Get to know pleasant people. Some people are optimistic, while others not. Choose optimistic people as your friends and spend more time with them and y ou’ll be as happy as them.()What’s the meaning of the underlined word“optimistic”?A. 主动的B. 认真的C. 乐观的D. 自觉的17.To my surprise, US girls spend a lot of time in the burning sun to get a tan. However, in China, girls try every possible way to get their skin paler, or "whiter". ()What does the word "tan" in the paragraph mean in Chinese?A. 晒黑B. 晒白C. 能量D. 热量18.Australian government researchers believe that sunlight is good for people's eyes. They compared the vision(视力) and habits of 100 seven-year-old children in China and Australia. In all, 30% of the Chinese children were short-sighted. This percentage was ten times higher than Australian children.()What does the underlined word "percentage"mean?A.百分比B.功率C.平均分D.效率19.This was a luxurious hall of a beautiful restaurant with modern cars parking around and people wearing beautiful clothes were sitting at the round tables enjoying their delicious food.()What does the underlined word “luxurious” in the paragraph probably mean in Chinese?A. 宏伟的B. 豪华的C. 简陋的D. 空旷的20.In the book, there are lots of very interesting anecdotes from her journey. Emma Watson’s favourite parts of the book are the different conversations that Gloria had with different taxi drivers. Gloria told us many true stories in her books.()What is the meaning of the underlined word “anecdotes” in Chinese?A. 道听途说B. 工作C. 奇闻轶事D. 运动21.People believe that, on Halloween, the gap between our world and the ghost (鬼) world is thinnest, so the ghosts of the dead could mingle(混合) with the living. In order to fool them and make them be lieve we’re one of them, we put on all kinds of scary costumes. So the ghosts won’t take our souls away, and we can protect ourselves.()What does the underlined word “costumes” probably mean?A. 想法B. 服装C. 咒语D. 传说ually, advertisers talk about how good their product is. Although they say things like, "Studies show that our product is the best." or "Everyone loves this product."It can sound unconvincing. It’s much more believable to hear about a product from a family, member or friend who has used it and Our loved ones’ opinions are very important to us, so we often listen to their advice about a product.()What does the underlined word "unconvincing"probably mean?A. 可信的B.怀疑的C. 不可信的D. 不寻常的23.Birds fly with their wings,and they pick up their foods and then eat them with their beaks and they use their cla ws for tearing,seizing,pulling or holding objects.()What does the underlined word “beaks” mean in Chinese?A. 翅膀B. 爪子C. 喙D. 尾巴24.My whole life I have depended on the kindness of many strangers. Ifeel regretful that I cannot find them and say thank you. I do not even rememberwhat the man’s face looked like, but he taught me a lesso n—people are more important than things.()What does the underlined word “regretful” in the last paragraph mean?A. 遗憾的B. 高兴的C. 兴奋的D. 生气的25.It is not expensive to get the equipment for kitesurfing, which costs $1,000to $2,500. Training lessons range from $200 to $500 for two or three hours. With the development of its equipment progress, kitesurfing is becoming even safer.()The underlined word “range” in this paragraph means _______in Chinese.A. 在……范围内变动B. 按……顺序排列C. 向……方向延伸D. 根据……归类。
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测与上下文理解题50题

中考英语阅读理解词义猜测与上下文理解题50题1. I saw a “sale” sign in the shop window. What does “sale” mean?A. 购买B. 出售C. 打折D. 交换答案:C。
“sale”常见的意思是“打折”“促销”,在商店橱窗看到的“sale” sign 通常表示商品在打折出售。
A 选项“购买”是“buy”;B 选项“出售”可以用“sell”;D 选项“交换”是“exchange”。
2. The teacher said, “Class, please be quiet.” What does “quiet” mean?A. 大声的B. 安静的C. 活跃的D. 忙碌的答案:B。
“quiet”意为“安静的”,老师说让班级安静下来,就是让大家不要吵闹。
A 选项“大声的”是“loud”;C 选项“活跃的”是“active”;D 选项“忙碌的”是“busy”。
3. We had a picnic in the park yesterday. What does “picnic” mean?A. 会议B. 旅行C. 野餐D. 聚会答案:C。
“picnic”就是“野餐”的意思,在公园里进行的通常是野餐活动。
A 选项“会议”是“meeting”或“conference”;B 选项“旅行”是“trip”或“journey”;D 选项“聚会”是“party”。
4. The students are playing football on the playground. What does “playground” mean?A. 教室B. 操场C. 图书馆D. 实验室答案:B。
“playground”指的是“操场”,学生们踢足球通常在操场上进行。
A 选项“教室”是“classroom”;C 选项“图书馆”是“library”;D 选项“实验室”是“laboratory”。
初三英语阅读理解词义猜测技巧单选题 30 题

初三英语阅读理解词义猜测技巧单选题30 题1. In the story, the old man was so frail that he could hardly walk. What does the word "frail" mean?A. strongB. healthyC. weakD. young答案解析:C。
根据句子“he could hardly walk( 他几乎不能走路)”可知,老人的身体状况不好,所以“frail”的意思应该是“虚弱的”。
A选项“strong 强壮的)”、B选项“healthy 健康的)”和D选项“young 年轻的)”都与句子描述的老人身体状况不符。
2. The little girl was so elated when she got a new doll. Which word can replace "elated"?A. sadB. happyC. angryD. calm答案解析:B。
“when she got a new doll 当她得到一个新玩偶的时候)”,这种情况下小女孩应该是高兴的,“elated”意思是兴高采烈的,和“happy”同义。
A选项“sad 悲伤的)”、C选项“angry 生气的)”、D选项“calm 平静的)”都不符合语境。
3. The boy was in a quandary. He didn't know whether to choose thered ball or the blue ball. Here "quandary" means?A. a good situationB. a difficult situationC. a boring situationD. an easy situation答案解析:B。
从“He didn't know whether to choose the red ball or the blue ball 他不知道是选择红球还是蓝球)”可以看出,男孩处于一种两难的境地,也就是困难的情况。
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58. The underlined words “rubbed off on me” in Paragraph 5 probably mean “______”.
A. helped me solve the problem better
B. had some influence on me in a way
C. moved it backwards and forwards
D. advised me to wear others’ shoes
原文:My wife doesn’t have a logical mind, but she does have emotional intelligence (情商). I can’t say that I have anything like her emotional intelligence, but I’d like to think some of it rubbed off on me. If you can’t at least try to put yourself in someone else’s shoes, how can y ou understand their situation, their problems and issues?
56. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 means ____.
A. there is a depression line between different groups and societies
B. people at a higher social position may tend to suffer from depression
C. people who are living with depression could connect with each other
D. anyone can get depression whatever their economic states and backgrounds are
原文:Depression is not a choice. Rather, it is a true medical condition like high blood pressure or heart disease. In the United States alone, more than 17 million people suffer from depression with women being twice as likely as men to suffer from the disease. Depression crosses racial and socioeconomic lines. Anyone can suffer from it, and those that do are not "crazy" or "weak".They have a serious yet highly treatable disease.
57. The underlined word “celebrities” in Paragraph 4 means ______.
A. volunteers
B. reporters
C. sport players
D. famous people
原文:Author Daniel Boorstin suggests that, “Celebrities are people who make news, but heroes are people who make history.” Thus, if a person is truly worthy to be called a hero, he or she will not be soon forgotten.
56. What does the word analyzed mean in the first paragraph?
A. Divided into parts.
B. Examined carefully.
C. Discussed in groups.
D. Treated scientifically.
原文:None of us is quite as healthy in mind as we seem, but neither is every unusual thing we do means we’re unhealthy. How to tell the difference? Start by r eading the letters below, which have been analyzed by our experts.
56.What does the word “stimulate”mean in the passage?
A. Excite.
B. Improve.
C. Encourage.
D. Affect.
原文:Buzan believes that traditional note-taking methods, such as lists and summaries, do not stimulate the brain’s recall capacity or ability in the same way. Because of this, students will often
find themselves locked away in their rooms for hours, trying hard to memorize separate details. Buzan believes that for a more effective and lasting way of studying, you must first understand how your brain works.
57. What does the word "nightmare" in paragraph 2 mean?
A. An exciting experience.
B. An unforgettable experience.
C. A bad dream or something bad.
D. A beautiful dream people have at night.
原文:After a recent online shopping, Mi took photos of some of her most satisfying goods and put them to a lifestyle forum(论坛) on . The 25-year-old hadn’t expect ed it would be the beginning of a nightmare.
The returning message Mi received were unacceptable. “You call this fashion? How old are you? 50?” read one message. Another accused(谴责) Mi of advertising for these clothes: “Get out of here with your ugly good s! Don’t waste people’s time!” Yet another message questioned Mi’s money situation, saying the clothes looked cheap but that even poor people should have a better fashion sense.。