虚拟语气-if引导的非真实条件句(精)
if引导的非真实条件句
if引导的非真实条件句If引导的条件句是英语中常用的句型之一，用于表达假设、虚拟情况或不可能实现的条件。
在非真实条件句中，我们可以使用不同的时态和语气来表示不同的意思。
接下来，本文将详细介绍If引导的非真实条件句的用法和相关细节。
一、表示无法实现的条件1. 虚拟语气（与现在事实相反）如果现在条件与事实相反，我们可以使用虚拟语气来表达。
在这种情况下，如果引导的非真实条件句中的谓语动词使用过去式形式，主句中的动词应该使用would/could/might + 动词原形。
例如：If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky.（如果我是一只鸟，我就会在天空中飞翔。
）If she had more time, she could finish the project.（如果她有更多时间，她就能完成这个项目。
）2. 过去完成时（与过去事实相反）当条件与过去事实相反时，我们可以使用过去完成时来表达。
在这种情况下，If引导的非真实条件句中的谓语动词使用过去完成时形式，主句中的动词应该使用would/could/might + have + 过去分词。
例如：If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.（如果我学得更努力，我就会通过考试。
）If they had arrived earlier, we could have watched the sunset.（如果他们早点到达，我们就可以欣赏到日落。
）二、表示可能实现的条件1. 一般现在时（与现在事实相符）如果条件与现在事实相符，我们可以使用一般现在时来表达。
在这种情况下，If引导的非真实条件句中的谓语动词使用一般现在时形式，主句中的动词通常使用will/shall/can/may/must等情态动词。
例如：If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们就会呆在家里。
虚拟语气1
If引导的虚拟语气用于非真实条件句
❤与现在事实相反：从句用“动词的过去式（be动词一律用were）”
主句用“would/could/should/might + 动词原形”
如果我有时间，我就会参加你的晚会。
例句：If I had time, I would attend your party.
❤与过去事实相反：从句用“had + 过去分词”
主句用“would/could/should have + 过去分词”
你当时不让我来开车。
如果我们轮流开车，你就不会觉得那么累。
例句：You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turn, you wouldn’t have got so tired.
❤与将来事实相反：从句用“动词的过去式；should + 动词原形； were to + 动词原形”
主句用“would/could/might/should + 动词原形”
如果明天下雪，我们就照相。
❤混合虚拟条件句：如果条件从句的动作和主句的动作不是同时发生，主句和从句的谓语动词的形式应分别根据各自所表示的时间加以调整。
If I were as clever as you think, I should have been rich by now.
如果我像你想得那么聪明，现在就会很富有了。
(从句是真实条件句，主句是虚拟语气)
If you had worked hard, you would be very tired now.
如果你真的努力工作了，你现在就会感到很累的。
（从句指过去，主句指现在）。
if非真实条件句
1.I am sure that Huston Rockets ___ the game, if Yao Ming’s knee had not been hurt.A. would winB. might have wonC. will win D, could win2.____ the truth, he wouldn’t have lent her any money.A. Jack has knownB. If Jack knownC. Should Jack knowD. Had Jack known4. Given more time and money, he ___ better than what it is.A. didB. had doneC. could have doneD. would do5. Without your encouragement and support, we ___ .A. should not succeededB. would not succeededC. would have succeededD. would not have succeeded6. The same thing, happening in war time, ____ great disaster.A. will amount toB. amounted toC. would have amounted toD. would amount to7. If I ___ the job, I would do it in a different way.A. would doB. doC. shall doD. were to do8. He ___ ten lectures on American history, but he.only gave two because of his illness.A. had givenB. gaveC. should have givenD. must have given9. Any man in his position ___ like that.A. have doneB. would have doneC. would be doneD. would be doing10. Five minutes earlier, I ___ the flight.A. have caughtB. had caughtC. could have caughtD. were to catch11. Our director was absent. Otherwise, I ___ the chair.A. would not takeB. didn’t takeC. hadn’t takenD. wouldn’t have taken12. If you explained the situation to your lawyer, he ___ able to advise you much better than Ican.A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were13. __ you __ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer (经销商) for advice.A. If, hadB. Have, hadC. Should, haveD. In case, had14. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ___ much better results now.A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get15. If there were no subjunctive mood, English ____ much easier to learn.A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been。
最新大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总
三级语法考点归纳一．虚拟语气1. if 句中虚拟形式if 引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）：条件从句主句与现在相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与将来相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have done例句If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.If they hadn’t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’t have been broken (break) into.2. 原形虚拟：a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。
suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire …… that ＋(should) do例如He suggested that we should leave early.My suggestion is that we should tell him.b. It is (was) 形容词/名词that …… (should) do/例如It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式：1. It’s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that) …动词过去时…例如It’s time we left.例如It is time we went to bed.2 would rather/sooner 宁愿as if/ though 好像would rather/sooner 谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反as if/ though 谓语用过去完成时与过去相反4．练习1. I _______ try it again if I_______you.A. will；amB. should；amC. would；wereD. would；had been2. If it _______ not for the water，the plants _______live.A. were；would notB. is；could notC. were；couldD. did；could not3. If I _______ that chance to show my ability, I _______the president of this school.A. have not had；could not becomeB. had not had；would not have becomeC. did not have；could not becomeD. doesn’t have；will not become4. He _______ by that burglar if you _______ to save him.A. might have been killed；hadn’t comeB. will be killed；didn’t comeC. may be killed；did’t comeD. could be killed；haven’t come5. If it _______for your help，I _______that hard time with so little money.A. were not；would not spendB. is not；can not spendC. had not been；would not have spentD. have not been；will not spend6. Where _______ you go if war _______?A. will；breaks outB. do；will break outC. would；were to break outD. will；is to break out7. She wishes she _______ that humiliating thing.A. doesn’t doB. didn’t doC. haven’t doneD. hadn’t done8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _______ put off.A. can beB. beC. isD. will be9. It is vital that he _______ immediately.A. should goB. must goC. goesD. went10. It is time we _______do our homework.A. begin toB. can begin toC. began toD. will begin to答案：1.选C。
英语—虚拟语气
if 引导的非真实条件句的三种形式：If I were a bird, I would fly to you. 我要是鸟，就飞过去看你。
If I had much money, I would buy that big dictionary. 要是我有很多钱，我就买那本字典。
If I did this, he might be very angry. 要是我做了这件事，他可能会生气的。
If he were free tomorrow, he would go camping with us. 要是他明天有时间，他就和我们一起去野营了。
If you tried harder next time, you would make it to the top of the hill. 要是你下次再努把力的花，就能到达山顶了。
注意：对将来情况的虚拟，从句有时还可以用if +should+动词原形和if +were to + 动词原形两种形式，前者有 “可能性很小”、“万一”的含义，后者有“不可能”的含义。
如：If you should fail , what would you do ? 假如你失败的话，你会怎样？If he should be sick, he would send for a doctor. 如果他生了病，他会让人请医生的。
If he were to resign, we should bevery happy! 要是他辞了职，我们该多高兴啊！If you had constantly done physical training, you wouldn ’t have been so weak. 如果你一直锻炼身体的话，你的身体就不会这么虚弱了。
If the night had not been pitch-dark, we shouldn ’t have lost our way. 要不是天漆黑，我们是不会迷路的。
if 条件句虚拟语气
if 条件句虚拟语气虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种特殊语气，用来表示与事实相反或假设的情况。
在if条件句中，虚拟语气通常用来表达非真实的、假设的情况。
本文将列举10个以if条件句虚拟语气为主题的例子，并对其进行详细解释。
1. If I were rich, I would travel around the world.如果我很富有，我会环游世界。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设，暗示说我并不富有，因此无法实现环游世界的愿望。
2. If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.如果我学得更努力，我就能通过考试了。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表示对过去情况的假设，暗示说我没有努力学习，所以没有通过考试。
3. If I had a time machine, I would go back to the past and change some things.如果我有一台时间机器，我会回到过去改变一些事情。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设，暗示说我没有时间机器，因此无法改变过去的事情。
4. If I were the president, I would make education free for all.如果我是总统，我会让教育对所有人免费。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设，暗示说我并不是总统，所以无法实现让教育免费的目标。
5. If it didn't rain tomorrow, we could go hiking.如果明天不下雨，我们可以去远足。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对未来情况的假设，暗示说明天可能会下雨，所以无法去远足。
6. If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared a meal for you.如果我知道你要来，我会为你准备一顿饭。
if引导的条件句是什么从句
if引导的条件句是什么从句if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种；1、真实条件句：叙述真实可能发生的事情；例句：If you fail in the exam,you will let him down.如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。
扩展资料2、非真实条件句：虚拟语气的一种，表示与实际已发生事实相反：例句：If I were you, I would invite him.如果我是你，我会邀请他。
3、另一个常用连词为unless,大多数时候意思与 if not 相近：例句：Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.我们出去散步吧，除非你太累了。
例句：If you are not too tired, let's go out for a walk.如果你不太累，我们出去散步吧。
条件状语从句的基本用法1、用if引导：if意为“如果”。
例句：If you cheat in the exam you’ll never get away with it.考试作弊必予追究。
2、用unless引导：unless的意思是“如果不”“除非”。
例句：Unless you go at once you will be late.如果你不马上走，就会迟到的'。
3、用as [so] long as引导：as [so] long as的意思是“如果”“只要”。
例句：I’ll remember that day as long as I live.只要我活着，我就不会忘记那个日子。
4、用in case引导：in case用连词引导条件状语从句时，其意为“如果”“万一”。
例句：In case I forget, please remind me about it.万一我忘记，请提醒我一下。
5、条件状语从句的时态：当主句为将来时态或含有将来意义时，条件状语从句习惯上要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。
虚拟语气讲解
If I had a million dollars now, I would…
如果我有一百万美元，我会为我的家人买一座别墅。 If I had a million dollars now, I would buy a villa(别墅) for my family. 如果我有一百万美元，我会环游世界。 If I had a million dollars now, I would travel around the world. 如果我有一百万美元，我会去购物。 If I had a million dollars now, I would go shopping. 如果我有一百万美元，我会把它捐给慈善机构。 If I had a million dollars now, I would donate it to a charity organizaall match We would have won the match 如果杰克踢进那个球(score that goal), 如果我们还有多几分钟,
如果我们更加刻苦地训练,
如果本(Ben)把球传给了乔(Joe), 如果有成千的球迷为我们尖叫(scream for us), 如果我死死的盯住球(take one’s eyes off sth)， 如果我前个晚上不熬夜(stay up late)， 如果我们没有掉以轻心(take it easy)， 如果我们没有精疲力竭(run out of), 我们本来是会得冠
虚拟(非真实)条件句 主句
与现在 事实相 反的假 设 与过去 相反的 假设
If+主语+动词的过去式 （动词be用were)
主语+should/
If+主语+had +过去分词
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虚拟语气 -if 引导的非真实条件句
1. 真是条件句和非真实条件句
一般而言, 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中是考生们最常见、最常考到的虚拟语气语法点。
此种虚拟语气形式也就本课件特定讲解的“ if 引导的非真实条件句之
虚拟语气” 。
再讨论此类虚拟语气之前,有必要说明一点:并非所有包含“ if 引导的非真实条件” 从句的句子都是虚拟语气句子。
在英语中, 虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反, 或不可能发生的情况。
因此要判断类似句子是不是虚拟语气, 通常的标准是:假设条件不符合客观事实或者实现的可能性极其微小的, 通常就是虚拟语气;反之则
不是。
请理解区别以下句子:
(1If you don’ t hurry up, you will miss the bus. 如果他不快点, 他将错过巴士。
( 真实
(2If I were you, I would go at once. 如果我是你,我马上就会去。
(非真实, 虚拟语气
2. 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中
1 if 假设的条件与现在事实相反或不可能发生。
则条件状语从句用一般过去时(任何 be 动词的原来形式一律改用 were ,主句用“ would(should, could, might+动词原形” 。
请理解以下句子:
(1 If I were you, I would work hard.
(2 If we had time, we could play the game again.
2 if 假设的条件与过去事实相反或不可能发生。
则条件状语从句用“ had+过去分词主句” ,主句用“ would(should, could, might+have+过去分词” 。
请理解以下句子:
(1 If he had taken my advice, he would have passed the exam.
(2 If I had known your telephone number, I would have called you.
3 if 假设的条件与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生:条件状语从句:①
一般过去时 , ② “ should +动词原形” , ③ “ were to+动词原形” ; 主
句:“ would(should, could, might+动词原形” 。
其中①的情况包括一些在条件状语从
句中用一般时表示将来时的特殊动词和动词词组, 如“ go , arrive , come , leave , start , stay , return, play, do, have, work, wear, spend, see, meet, there be”等,请随带记忆。
请理解以下句子:
(1 If there were rain tomorrow, the game would be put off.
(2 If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.
(3 If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
P.S 省略 if 的虚拟语气
如果从句中含有 were/ should/ had时, 则可以把这三个词置于句首, 省略 if , 并
在从句中采用倒装语序。
请理解一下句子。
(1 If she were here, she would agree with us. → Were she here, she would agree with us.
(2 If it should happen, what would you do? → Should it happen, what would you do?
(3 If he had recognized me, he would have come over. → Had he recognized me, he would have come over.
3. 总结
以上 3大类情况属于 if 引导的非真实条件句的虚拟语气的常见基本形式, 但其所有形式绝不仅限于此。
如:
If you had followed my advice, you would be better now. 这显然是假设条件与过去相反, 而主句表达现在情况的混合虚拟语气句, 并且没有任何语法错误。
因此需要说明的是,要学好虚拟语气,对句意的理解才是根本。