高中英语语法填空之非谓语动词作状语和补语

语法填空之非谓语动词作状语和补语

1．分析逻辑关系

(1)作状语：①表目的、出乎意料的结果或在形容词后作状语，用不定式；

②表伴随、时间或条件等要用现在分词/过去分词；③表自然而然的结果用现在分词。

(2)作补语：根据具体结构用(to) do/doing/done

①如逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是主谓关系，且表正在进行，用doing。

②如逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是被动关系，且表完成，用done。

2．牢记5种用法

①不定式作宾补：allow、ask、beg、command、encourage、expect、forbid、invite、persuade、tell等＋sb. to do sth.。

②用省略to的不定式作宾补的动词：“五”看；“三”使；“两”听；“一”感觉。“look at/see/watch/notice/observe; make/let/have; hear/listen to; feel”＋sb.＋do sth.。注意：但在被动语态中作主语补足语要还原to，如be_made_to_do。

③have sb./sth.doing “让某人/某物一直做”；have sb./sth.done “让某人/某物被做”。

④主语＋系动词＋形容词(easy、hard、impossible、important等)＋to do

⑤too＋adj./adv.＋to do或adj./adv.＋enough＋to do

3.固定句型识记

不定式作补语：

advise sb. to do allow sb. to do ask sb. to do

beg sb. to do cause sb. to do encourage sb. to do expect sb. to do forbid sb. to do force sb. to do help sb. (to) do invite sb. to do inspire sb. to do order sb. to do permit sb. to do

persuade sb. to do

require sb. to do

remind sb.to do

tell sb. to do

want sb. to do

warn sb. to do

wish sb. to do

wait for sb. to do

call on sb. to do 号召某人去做rely on sb. to do 指望某人做某事

-ing 作补语

catch sb. doing 发现、撞见某人做某事

find sb. doing 发现某人做某事

keep sb./sth. doing 使...处于...状态

leave sb./sth doing 使...处于...状态

课堂练习

1．On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ________ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.

2．You don't have to run fast or for long________ (see) the benefit.

3．The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice________ (improve) water quality.

4．Once his message was delivered, he allowed me________ (stay) and watch. 5．They are required________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.

6．Nervously ________ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”．

7 ________ (enjoy)the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.

8．Ordinary soap，________ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. 9．I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs________ (take)．10.People probably cooked their food in large pots, ________ (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it.

课后练习

Gabi Rizea only discovered his talent for woodcarving three years ago,and has since put 1to good use,saving dozens of old tree stumps (树桩) from 2 (remove) by turning them into impressive works of art.

Rizea became a woodcarver 3(complete) by accident.Three years ago,after buying himself a new chainsaw(链锯),he 4(start) “playing” with it on a block of wood.He tried carving a human face into the wood,and to his surprise,it turned out pretty good.Today,he is so good at woodcarving that his home city allows him to work