最新整理12月英语四级听力真题答案解析第一套完整版【新东方在线版】
2023年12月份英语四级答案参考
12月份四级参照答案（听力只作为参照）Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)1. C) It’s more effective to combine listening with reading.2. C) There are more extremes in the weather.3. D) Apply for a job in the electronic company.4. A) It keeps blood vessels from being blocked.5.D) It reduces the chance of death for heart surgery patients.6. A) The man can stay in her brother’s apartment.7. A) See a doctor.8. C) The woman prefers to take the 2:30 train.9. D) She’ll consult Dr.Garcia about entering graduate school.10. C)They were puzzled by his decision.11. C) They get less attention from their parents.12. A) It is harmful to heart surgery patients with stomach bleeding.13. B) It is much cheaper than space travel.14. D) To explain why he took up underwater exploration.15. B) They can both be quite challenging.16. A)They usually don’t follow family rules.17. B) It will most likely prove ineffective.18. A) Alice didn’t seem to be nervous during her speech..19. B) At a bookstore.20. B) They are very likely to succeed in life.阅读：21. D) not as simple as it seems22. C)it is vague and ineffective23. D) the child may feel that he owes her an apology24. B) the outcome was beyond their control25. A) the benefits of manageable stress26. A) To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem.27. A) A huge financial problem has arisen.28. B.To promote the company’s strategy of globalization29. D.It needs to turn to the world market for development30. D.people the world over enjoy eating their company’s potato chips31. A.consumers worldwide today are attracted by global brands32. C.will be in the interest of the local people33. C) They pooled their efforts to help solve it.34. D) keep people properly informed of the crisis.35.C) doing challenging work may be good for one’s health36. C) short bursts of stress hormones enhance memory function37. B) I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame38. B) their ages should be taken into account39. B) unthinkable40. B)stay away from41 D) anniversary42 A)involve43 B) Extensive44 C ) deposit45 C) torn down46D ) insert47 A ) In view of48 D ) flexible49 D) source50 A) excuse51 C )loan52 A) see to53 A) unstable54 A) enthusiasm55. C)fate56 B)delivery57B) witnesses58D) take on59 D ) Nevertheless69 D) concerned about60.D ) locate61 C) targets62 B ) dim63 B) get over64 C) transferred65 B) decorated66 B) at intervals67 D) keen68C)not to speak of70 B)mayPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow:1. 越来越多旳博物馆免费对外开放旳目旳是什么？2. 也会带来某些问题3. 你旳见解？Free admission to museums参照范文Free Admission to Museums（满分版）Nowadays, an increasing number of museums are admission-free to visitors home and abroad. The hidden reason behind this is not hard to analyze as there’s a growing awareness for the authorities regarding the urgency of popularization of culture, knowledge and history with every average person in our society. Only wi th free access to this live ‘database’, can most people fully enjoy what museums could offer to them.However, free admission to museums might lead to some social problems as well. The most obvious problem is that it might give museums a very heavy economic burden which directly impedes the sustainable development of these organizations. As a result, our government has to work out other ways to collect funds from different channels, which might be difficult to operate or control. On the other hand, free admission attracts too many visitors,some of which might not be well-purposed and do some conscious or unconscious damage to the valuable treasures which used to be well-preserved in the museums.As a university student, I am in favor of the free-admission conduct. Yet it is proposed that some measures should be taken to solve the potential problems caused by it. For example, museums can make some regulations to guide the behavior of visitors or set some ‘closed’ days for museums for regular maintenance. Only in this way can free-admission to museums become a long-lasting phenomenon and have sustainable development.改错参照答案：（Ⅰ）1. rest → remaining2. therefore → however3. and → but4. to → for5. companion → company6. times ∧ to → not7. that → which8. low → lower9. the →／10. to → /（Ⅱ）1．that→which2．danger→endanger 3．Although→Since4．hour→an hour5．with→without6．work→working7．can adjust→can not adjust 8．fill→filling9．by→for10．too→either（Ⅲ）1．lowly→low2．likely→alike3．writing→written4．of→from5．of→for6．They→It7．that→those8．contains→在contains前加it9．like→unlike10．if→unlessMan is the soul of the universe.人是万物之灵。
2022年12月英语四级听力原文和答案(第一套)
2022年12月英语四级听力原文和答案（第一套）Part II Listening Comprehension第二部分：听力考试Section AA 节Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.考试说明：在这一部分，你将听到三篇新闻报道。
每篇新闻的结尾，会有两到三个问题。
新闻和问题只读一遍。
听到问题后从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。
然后在答题纸1 上相应的字母中间划上横线（涂满）。
News Report One新闻报道一（1）Operations at one of Australia's largest gold mines had to be temporarily suspended on Friday after a partial wall collapse at one of the mine's dams.周五，澳大利亚最大金矿之一的一座大坝发生部分围墙坍塌，该矿不得不暂停运营。
The wall collapsed at the Cadia Mine. Came just a few days after two earthquakes hit the area.卡迪亚矿区的墙壁倒塌了。
2023年12月英语四级考试真题及答案第1套
2023年12月四级真题（第1套）注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A．, B．, C． andD．, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1. A． The woman is fussy about the cleanness of the apartment.B． He has not cleaned the apartment since his mother's visit.C． He does not remember when his mother canoe over.D． His mother often helps him to clean the apartment.2. A． The bus stop is only two minutes' walk.B． The nmning made him short of breath.C． They might as well take the next bus.D． The woman is late by a couple of minutes.3. A． She is suffering a pain in her neck.B． She is likely to replace Miss Smith.C． She has to do extra work for a few days. D． She is quite sick of working overtime.4. A． Change her job.B． Buy a dishwasher.C． Open a flower shop.D． Start her own business.5. A． He forgot where he had left the package. B． He slipped on his way to the post office. C． He wanted to deliver the package himself. D． He failed to do what he promised to do.6. A． The speakers do not agree with each other. B． The woman does not like horror films.C． The man pays for the tickets as a rule.D． The speakers happened" to meet in the cinema.7. A． The woman is just as unlucky as the man. B． The woman is more sensitive than the man. C． The speakers share a common view on love.D． The speakers are unhappy with their marriage.8. A． Preparations for a forum.B． Participants in the forum.C． Organizers of a forum.D． Expectations of the forum.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A． France.B． Scandinavia.C． Russia.D． East Europe.10. A． More women will be promoted in the workplace.B． More women will overcome their inadequacies.C． More women will receive higher education.D． More women will work outside the family.11. A． Try hard to protect women's rights.B． Educate men to respect women more.C． Help women acquire more professional skills.D． Spend more time changing women's attitudes.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A． In a restaurant.B． In a hotel lobby.C． At the man's office.D． At the woman's place.13. A． He is the chief designer of the latest bike model.B． He has completed an overseas market survey.C． He is the Managing Director of Jayal Motors.D． He has just come back from a trip to Africa.14. A． To select the right model.B． To get a good import agent.C． To convince the board members.D． To cut down production costs.15. A． His flexibility.B． His vision.C． His intelligence.D． His determination.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hoar 3 short passages. At tho end of each passage, you will hoar some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose tho best answer from tho four choices marked A．, B．, C．andD．. Then mark tho correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through tho centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2021年12月英语四级真题及答案【共3套】
2021年12月英语四级真题及答案【共3套】第一套试题：一、听力理解1. A) He couldn't find his mobile phone.B) He was late for work.C) He missed the train.D) He had a traffic accident.2. A) The woman is a manager.B) The man is a customer.C) The woman is a sales assistant.D) The man is a repairman.3. A) He is a football player.B) He is a basketball player.C) He is a swimmer.D) He is a runner.4. A) The man wants to buy a new car.B) The woman is interested in buying a car.C) The man wants to sell his old car.D) The woman is a car salesman.5. A) The man is going to a party.B) The woman is going to a party.C) The man is going to a concert.D) The woman is going to a concert.二、阅读理解1. A) The importance of education.B) The benefits of exercise.C) The dangers of smoking.D) The value of friendship.2. A) They help students learn faster.B) They make students more confident.C) They improve students' health.D) They make students more creative.3. A) He has a strong sense of responsibility.B) He is very kind and helpful.C) He is very intelligent and hardworking.D) He is very popular among his classmates.4. A) It is very expensive.B) It is very difficult to find.C) It is very popular among students.D) It is very useful for learning English.5. A) He is a famous scientist.B) He is a famous actor.C) He is a famous writer.D) He is a famous musician.三、写作The Importance of English Learning英语学习在当今社会变得越来越重要。
(电子版第1套)20年12月4级答案+PDF版真题解析
听力原文：1. C) Herclaim has been completely disregarded.2. A)The ground floor of their cottage was flooded.3. D) Thewoman’s failure to pay her house insurance in time.4. A) Filea lawsuit against the insurance company.5. B) Theydisagree about the future of AI technology.6. C) Lesstime-consuming and focusing on creation.7. B) Digitallife could be replace human civilization.8. D) Itwill be smarter than human beings.9. B) Saveone fifth of their net monthly income.10. A)Start by doing something small.11. C) Aproper mindset.12. B) Shefound her outfit inappropriate.13. A) Tosave the trouble of choosing a unique outfit every day.14. C) Itmatters a lot in jobs involving interaction with others.15 D) Dowhatever is possible to look smart.16. A) Theirobsession with consumption.17. B) Thingsthat cost less money.18. A) They serve multiple purposes.19. C) Over 10% of the respondents lied about the distancethey drove.20. C) Theywanted to protect their reputation.21.B) They seem intuitive.22. D)Older people's aversion to new music.23 A)They no longer listen to new music.24.D) The more you experience sth, the better you'll appreciate it.25.D) Teenagers are much more sentimental.Conversation11. C) Herclaim has been completely disregarded.听力原文：I'm getting a little fed up with my calls about my claimbeingcompletely disregarded.考点：视听一致2. A) Theground floor of their cottage was flooded.听力原文：The entire ground floor of our cottage was submerged in water.考点：视听一致3. D) Thewoman’s failure to pay her house insurance in time.听力原文：the bizarre technical detail that you mentioned refers to the fact thatyou hadn't paid house insurance the month before the incident考点：视听一致+同义替换4. A) Filea lawsuit against the insurance company.听力原文：and that your company has a lawsuit on its hand. You will be hearing frommy lawyer考点：视听一致M: Goodmorning, safe house insurance. My name is Paul. How can I helpyou today?W: Morning? I wouldn't say that it's a good from where I am standing.This is Ms. Wilson, and this is the third time I've called this week sincereceiving your letter about our insurance claim. (1) I'm getting a littlefed up with my calls about my claim being completely disregarded.M: Ms. Wilson, thank you for calling back. Can I take some details tohelp me look at your claim?W: It's Ms. May Wilson of 15 South sea road in Cornwall. And the detailsare that our village was extensively flooded two months ago. (2) The entireground floor of our cottage was submerged in water. And five of us havebeen living in a caravan ever since. Y oupeople are still with holding the money we are entitled to over a bizarretechnical detail and it's not acceptable, Paul.M: Ms. Wilson, according to the notes on your account, (2) the bizarretechnical detail that you mentioned refers to the fact that you hadn't paidhouse insurance the month before the incident.W: That money left our account. And now that you should be paying out,you are suddenly saying that you didn't receive it on time. I'm reallyskeptical about this claim.M: Thecontract does say that any missed payment in a year will affect the terms andconditions of the insurance contract and may affect claims. Of course, I canpause you onto my manager to talk to you more about this. W: I've already spoken to him and you can tell him I'm furious now,andthat your company has a lawsuit on it hand. You will be hearing from my lawyer.Goodbye.1.What is the womancomplaining about?2. What is theproblem the woman's family encountered?3. What has caused theso-called bizarre technical detail according to the man?4. What's woman say she willdo at the end of the conversation?Conversation25. B) Theydisagree about the future of AI technology.听力原文：W: How doyou feel about the future of the artificial intelligence.Personally, I feelquite optimistic about it.M: AI, I'm not so optimistic actually.考点：同义替换6. C) Lesstime-consuming and focusing on creation.听力原文：which would require less of our time and allow us to be centered oncreative tasks考点：视听一致+同义替换7. B) Digitallife could be replace human civilization.听力原文：There's a risk that human civilization could be replaced by a superiortype of digital life考点：视听一致8. D) Itwill be smarter than human beings.Once it'sfully developed, AI will become tired of trying to communicate with humans aswe would be much slower thinkers in comparison考点：同义替换W: How doyou feel about the future of the artificial intelligence. (5)Personally, Ifeel quite optimistic about it.M: AI, I'm not so optimistic actually. In fact, it's something weshould be concerned about.W: Well, it will help us humans understand ourselves better. And when wehave a better understanding of ourselves, we can improve world.M: Well,one thing is for sure, technology is evolving faster than our ability tounderstand it. And in the future AI will make jobs kind of pointless.W: I think artificial intelligence will actually help create new kinds ofjobs, (6) which would require less of our time and allow us to be centeredon creative tasks.M: I doubt that very much. Probably the last job that will remain will bewriting AI software. And then eventually AI will just write its own software.W: At that time we are going to have a lot of jobs, which nobody willwant to do. So we will need artificial intelligence for the robots to take careof the old guys like us.M: I don't know. (7) There's a risk that human civilization could be replacedby a superior type of digital life. AI will be able to completely simulatea person in every way possible. In fact, some people think we're in asimulation right now. W: That's impossible. Humans can't even make a mosquito. Computers only have chips. People have brains.And that's where the wisdom comes from.M: (8) Once it's fully developed, AI will become tired of trying tocommunicate with humans as we would be much slower thinkers in comparison.W: Well, I'm not so sure. A computer is a computer and a computer is justa toy.M: Computers can easily communicate incredibly fast. So the computer willjust get impatient talking to humans. It'll be barely getting any informationout.W: Well, I believe there's a benevolent future with AI. I also think youwatch too many science-fiction films.Q5: What did we learn about the speakers from the conversation?Q6: Whatwill new kinds of jobs be like according to the woman?Q7: What is the risk the mananticipates?Q8: What is the man's concernabout AI technology?PASSAGE 1To achieve financial security, how much yousave is always more important than the amount you earn or how shrewdly youinvest. If you're under 30 years old, (9) your goal should be to save 20% ofyour monthly income after tax deductions. This is irrespective of how muchyou earn approximately 50% should be reserved for essentials like food andaccommodation.The remaining 30% is for recreation andentertainment, but for many young people, it will be difficult to designatesuch a large proportion of the income for savings. If you find it hard to saveany money at all, (10) start by cutting all unnecessary spending, allocatethe tiny amount of one or 2% for savings and gradually increase that amount.Always keep that 20% goal in mind, preventyourself from becoming complacent. It can be challenging to stick to such astrict plan, but ifyou adopt the right mindset, you should be able tomake it work for you. So what should you be doing with the money that you aresaving? Some must be (11) kept easily accessible in case you need some cashin an emergency.The lodge has proportion should be investedin retirement plans. Either through your employer or privately, and you can keepsome money for high risk, but potentially lucrative investments. Dividends canbe reinvested or use to purchase something you like. Byfollowing this plan, you shouldhopefully be able to enjoy your life nowand still be financially secure in the future.Q9: What are people under 30 advise to do, toachieve financial security?Q10: What should people do if they find itdifficult to follow the speaker's advice on their financial plan?Q11: What does the speaker think is importantfor achieving financial security?PASSAGE 2I work in advertising and I like to keep upwith current trends mainly because I'm aware that we live in an image obsessedworld. However, when I first started my job, occasionally I'd catch a glimpseof obniol in the lifts and find youdao myself thinking (12) that I looked atotal mess. Was I being held back by my choice of clothing?Theshort answer is yes, especially when clients are quick to judge you on yourstyle rather than your work. (13) But no one can be unique with their outfitevery day. I mean, that's why uniforms were invented. So here's what I did.I created my own uniform. To do this, I chose an appropriate outfit. Then Ibought multiple items of the same style in different shades.NowI never worry about what I'm wearing in the morning, even if I do get a bittired of just wearing the same classic pieces. Overall, when it comes to work,you have to ask yourself: (14) Will looking smarter enhance my abilityto domy job? For some, this question may not be an issue at all. Especially ifyou work remotely and rarely see your colleagues or clients face to face, butif your job involves interacting with other people, the answer to thisis often yes.Sorather than fighting the system, I think we should just (15) do whateverhelps us to achieve our goals at work. If that means playing it safe withyour image, then let's face it. It's probably worth it.Q12: What do we learn about the speaker whenshe first started her job?Q13:Why were uniforms invented according to the speaker?Q14: Whatdoes the Loinbo say about looking smarter?Q15: Whatdoes the speaker advise people to do in an image obsessed world?LECTURE 116.A) Their obsession with consumption.听力原文：This phenomenon has resulted in significant creditcarddebt, enormous environmental footprints. And perhaps notcoincidentally or happiness levels have failed to increase over the same halfcentury.考点：同义替换17. B) Thingsthat cost less money.听力原文：I propose the less staff and less space can not only helpyou economize, but also simplify your life. I immediately saved $200,000. Smallerspace leads to reduced utility bills and also asmaller carbon footprint.考点：同义替换18. A) They serve multiple purposes.听力原文：Finally, we need multi-functional spaces in housewares.考点：视听一致+同义替换Did you knowthat Americans were approximately three times the amount of space we had 50years ago. Therefore, you'd think would have sufficient room for all of ourpossessions on the country. The postal storage business is now a growingindustry. We've got triple the space, but we've become such enthusiasticconsumers that we require even more. (16) This phenomenonhas resulted insignificant credit card debt, enormous environmental footprints. And perhapsnot coincidentally or happiness levels have failed to increaseover the samehalf century. I'm here to suggest an alternative that having less mightactually be a preferable decision. Many of us have experienced at some stage,the pleasure of possessing less. (17) I propose the less staff and lessspace can not only help you economize, but also simplify your life. Irecently started an innovative project to discover some creative solutions thatoffered me everything I required, by purchasing an apartment that was 40 squaremeters instead of 60. (17) I immediately saved $200,000. Smaller space leadsto reduced utility bills and also a smaller carbon footprint, because it'sdesigned around an edited collection and possessions limited to my favoritestuff. I'm really excited to live there. How can we live more basically?Firstly, we must ruthlessly cut the unnecessary objects out of our lives. ToSTEM consumption, we should think before we buy and ask ourselves, will ittruly make me happier? Obviously, we should possess some great stuff, but wewant belongings that we're going to love for years.Secondly, we requirespace efficiency. We want appliances that are designed for use most of thetime, not for occasional use. Why own a six-burner stove when you rarely useeven three burners?(19) Finally, we need multi-functional spaces in housewares. I combined amovable wall with transforming furniture to get more out of my limited space,consider my coffee table. It increases in size to accommodate 10. My office istucked away, easily hidden. My bed simply pops out of the wall. For guests, Ican relocate the movable wall and utilize the foldable guest beds I installed.I'm not saying we should all live in tiny apartments, but consider the benefitsof an edited life.When you returnhome and walk through your front door, take a moment to ask yourselves. Could Ido with a little live editing? Would that give me more freedom and more time?16. What hasprevented American's happiness levels from increasing?17. What thingsshould we possess according to the speaker?18. What do welearn about the items in the speaker's home?LECTURE 2Now believe itor not, people sometimes lie in order to maintain a good, honest reputation,even if it hurts them to do so. At least this is what a team of scientists issuggesting with evidence to prove it. Picture this scenario. You often drivefor work and can be compensated for up to 400 miles per month.Most people at your company drive about 300 miles eachmonth. But this month you drove 400 miles. How many miles do you think you'dclaim in your expense report? The scientists asked this exact question as partof the study, we're discussing today with surprising results. Q19 (19) Theyfound that 12% of respondents reported the distance.They drove as less than the actual figure, giving anaverage answer of 384 miles. (19) In other words, they lied about the numberof miles, even though they would forfeit money they were owed. Theresearchers believe this was to seem honest with the assumption being thatothers would be suspicious of a high expense claim, but why would peoplefabricate numbers to their own detriment?The researchers explained that (20) many people care agreat deal about their reputation and how they'll be judged by others. Ifthey care enough,they're concerned about appearing, honest and not losing therespect of others, maybe greater than their desire to actually be honest. Theresearchers assert that the findings suggest that when people obtain veryfavorable outcomes, they anticipate other people's suspicious reactions andprefer lying and appearing honest to telling the truth loinbo and appearing asselfish liars.So why is this research important? Well, experts generallyagree there are two main types of lie, selfish lies, and lies that are meant tobenefit others. The first, as you may predict is for selfish gain such assubmitting afraudulent claim to an insurance company while the second involveslying to help others or not offend others.For example, telling a friend whose outfit you don't likethat they look great. But the researchers are suggesting a third type of line:line to maintain a good reputation. Now, this hypothesis is new and someskeptics argue that thisisn't a whole new category of lie, (21) but thefindings seem intuitive tome.After all, one of the main motivations forlying is to increase our worth in the eyes of others. So it seemshighly likely that people will lie to seem honest.Q19: What did the team of scientists find in this study?Q20: Why would people fabricate numbers to their owndetriment according to the Loinbos？Q21: What does the speaker think of other researcher'sfindings?LECTURE 3Why do old people dislike new music? As I've grown older, Ioften hear people my age say things like they just don't make good music likethey used to. Why does this happen? Luckily, psychology can give us someinsights into this puzzle. Musical tastes begin to crystallize as early as age13 or 14.By the time we're in our early twenties, these tastes getlocked into place pretty firmly. In fact, studies have found that by the timewe turn 33, (23) most of us have stopped listening to new music.Meanwhile, popular songs released when you're in your early teens are likely toremain quite popular among your age group, the rest of your life. That could bea biological explanation for this.As there's evidence that the brain's ability to make subtledistinctions between different chords, rhythms, and melodies deteriorates withage. So to olderpeople, newer, less familiar songs might all sound the same,but there may be some simpler reasons for older people's aversion to new music.One of the most researched laws of social psychology is something called (24) themere exposure effect, which in essence.It means that the more we're exposed to something, the morewe tend to like it, this happens with people. We know the advertisements wesee, and the songs we listen to when you're in your early teens, you probablyspend a fair amount of time listening to music or watching music videos, yourfavorite songs and artists become familiar, comforting parts of your routine.For many people over 30 job and family obligationsincreases. So there's less time to spend discovering new music instead manualsimply listened to old familiar favorites from that period of their lives whenthey had more free time. Of course, those teen years weren't necessarilycarefree. They're famously confusing, which is why so many TV shows and moviesrevolve around high school turmoil.Psychology research has shown that (25) the emotionsthat we experience as teens seem more intense than those that come later.And we also know that intense emotions are associated with stronger memoriesand preferences. Both of these might explain why the songs we listened toduring this period become so memorable and beloved.So there's nothing wrong with your parents because theydon't like your music. Rather. It's old part of the natural order of things.Q22: What does the speaker mainly discuss in this talk?Q23: What have studies found about most people by the timethey turn 33?Q24: What do we learn from one of the most researched lawsof social psychology?Q25: What might explain the fact that songs people listento in their teen years are memorable and beloved.作文WritingDirections：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Education. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.范文：Changes in the way of educationAs the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of education keeps changing and new forms of education emerge surprisingly. Especially during the pandemic of corona virus, online education has become one of the most important ways of education throughout the world.The changes in the way of education can be listed as follows.First of all, compared with traditional offline teaching activities, online education gives students the opportunity to study wherever they want, at home or in the park.Moreover, the cost of attending online courses is normally lower than that of offline ones. Besides, students can choose the perfect time when they are available to attend classes,instead of stubbornly fixing the time required without the possibility of doing any other important thing.From my perspective, the changes in the way of education mainly lie in the good respects. As one of the fortunate students who live in the age of internet and can get access to onlin e courses, I can’ t help exclaiming: it is the best of times.选词填空Section A（第1套）Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ton blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a listof choices given in a word bank following the passage Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identifi ed by a letter:Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 witha single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.W hen my son completes a task, I can’t help but praise him. It’s only natural to give praise where praise is due,right? But is there such a thing as too much praise?According to psychologist Katherine Phillip, children don’t benefit from 26 praise as much as we’d like to think.“Parents often praise, believing they are building their child’s self-confidence.However,over-praising can have a 27 effect,” says Phillip.“W hen we use the same praise 28 , it may become emptyand no longer valued by the child. It can also become anexpectation that anything th ey do must be 29 with praise.This may lead to the child avoiding taking risks due to fear of 30 their parents.”Docs this mean we should do away with all the praise? Phillip says no,“The key to healthy praise is 1o focus on the process rather than the 31 it is the recognition of a chi ld’s attempt, or the process in which they achieved something, that is essential,”she says, “Parents should encourage their child to take the risks needed to learn and grow.”So how do we break the 32 of praise we’re all so acc ustomed to? Phillip says it’s important to 33 between “person praise”and “process raise”.“Person praise is 34 saying how great someone is. It’s a form personal approval. Process praise s acknowledgement of the efforts te person has just 35 . Children who r eceive person praise are more likely to feel shame after losing,” says Phillip.A) chooseB) constantC) disappointingD) distinguishE) exhaustingF) experiencedG) negativeH) outcomeI ) patternJ) pluralK) repeatedlyL) rewardedM) separatelyN) simplyO) undertaken答案：26.B 27.G 28.K 29.L 30.C 31.H 32.I 33.D 34.N 35.O信息匹配Poverty is a story about us,not them36. [E] That comment,says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"37. [H] But the fact that 4 in 10 Americans can't come up with$400 in an emergency is a commonly cited statistic for good reason：economic instability strerches across race,gen?der,and geography.38. [M]According to the General Social Survey, 71 percent of respondents believe the country is spending too Little on "assistance to the poor."39. [J] The Frame Works Institute^ research group that focuses on public framing of issues,has studied what sustains stereotypes and narratives of poverty in the United Kingdom40. [D] If these are the central characters of our story about poverty,what layers of perceptions,myths,and realities must we unearth to find meaningful solutions and support?41 .[F] How many of us are poor in the U.S.?42. [N] "Poverty has been interchangeable with people of color - specifically black women and” bl ack mothers, "says Atkinson of Mothering Justice.43. [I] Negative images remain of who is living in poverty as well as what is needed to move out of it.44. [E] That comment,says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"45. [L] Those external factors include the difficulties accompanying low-wage work or structural discrimination based on race,gender,or ability仔细阅读P146. C They did not become popular until the emergence of improved batteries.47. B The falling prices of ebike batteries,48. D It will make a difference in people* s daily lives49. A Retailers'refusal to deal in ebikes.50 D The younger generatio n’ s pursuit of comfortable ridingP251 A To sway public opinion of the impact of human activities on Earth52 C it covers more phenomena53 D Deliberate choice of words54 B For greater precision55 C Human activities have serious effects on Earth翻译生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。
2021年12月全国大学英语四级真题及答案(第一套)
2021年12月全国大学英语四级真题及答案（一）一、听力部分：News Report One(1)A 22-year-old Chinese woman who suffered from a persistent cough was shocked to learn that she had a piece of chicken bone lodged in her lung.The unnamed woman from the province of Shandong started have coughing problems when she was 7 or 8 years old.For 14 years,she made numerous hospital visits.However,no doctor could identify any problem.Her uncontrollable coughing was a mystery.Finally,the woman got a full body scan at a hospital in the city of Qingdao.This special medical procedure revealed she had a chicken bone stuck in herlung.(2)Doctors performed surgery and removed the bone.The simple procedure went smoothly and the woman has recovered fully with the bone finally removed from her lung,the woman is very happy that she no longer suffers from that annoying cough.1.What was the woman’s problem?2.How was the woman’s problem eventually solved?News Report Two(3)A white shape named Prickles that ran away from an Australian farm during the 2013 bush fires recently returned home.According to farmer Alice Gray,Prickles was only a lamb when she ran away.The bush fires that hit the area back then destroyed a large part of her family’s massive property.They thought Prickles had died in the fire.But instead,the young sheep escaped into a 200-acre forest near the farm.(4)Once the fires were over,the family had to fix the damage done to the farm as it was such a large property,which included rebuilding about 40 kilometers of fencing.It was this huge fencing that prevented Pickles from finding her way back.Over the years,the family spotted her a few times.They even recorded her with cameras installed to monitor the activity.But when they knew Pringles was alive,they couldn’t find her and never expected her to return by herself.Seven years later,they were proven wrong.3.What does the news say about the white sheep Prickles?4.What the family do of the bush fires?News Report Three(5)Tons of gold have fallen out of the sky in Russia after a cargo plane malfunctioned in midair this morning.The aircraft was carrying 265 million pounds worth of gold and diamonds,when the door flew open,sending the precious metal back to earth.According to the official news agency,Russian authorities have recovered more than 170 gold bars weighing 20 kilograms each.The plane was traveling from Yakutsk airport in a major diamond producing region to the city Krasnoyarsk in Siberia.(6)However,the aircraft made an emergency landing in Magan after began losing some of its valuable cargo.Reports suggest some bars of gold were scattered up to fifteen miles away from the airport.Nine tons of gold on plane AN12 belonged to a gold mine company.Police have sealed off the runway and say it is unclear if it was an accident or an attempted robbery.(7)Technical engineers who worked on the plane prior to takeoff are reportedly going to be questioned by the police.5.What is the news report mainly about?6.What did the aircraft do when the incident happened?7.What does the news report say about the technical engineers who worked on the plane before takeoff?Conversation One8.Why does the man have this conversation with the man recorded?His job is related to the customer service.9.What is the woman’s purpose of calling to the furniture company?She wants to know when she can get her money back.10.What does the woman say about her bank card?The new bank card will be sent to her on Tuesday,and the bank may has canceled the old one before the man made the payment.11.What does the man advise the woman to do?She needs to update the card details directly on the website.Conversation Two12.Why isn’t the man going to cook?He’s worn out.13.What does the man say he’ll do on his phone?He’ll use the food delivery app on his phone.14.What does the woman think of the Indian food?That’s not the kind of the hot she means.She needs something mild.15.What does the man think of the woman?She’s really difficult to please.Passage One(16)A new study carried out by the university of Lincoln has found a link between the personalities of cat owners and the behavior and wellbeing of their cats.The findings suggest that just as apparent personality can affect the personality of a child,the same is true for a cat and its owner.Owners defined as individuals with high levels of anxiety,fear,anger,depression and loneliness were more likely to have cats with behavioral issues.Such cats display more aggressive and anxious behavioral styles as well as more stress related sickness.They will also more likely to have an ongoing medical condition and be overweight.The research also found that mentallywell-adjusted owners had come from happier and healthier cats.Researchers explained that many owners regard their pets as a family member and form close social bonds with them.(17)The majority of owners want to provide the best care for their pets and is therefore possible that pets could be affected by the way their owners interact with and manage them.The study highlights an important relationship between our personalities and the well-being of our pets.(18)Further research is needed to investigate the cause of nature of this relationship and look at how owners’personalities are directly influencing their pet’s behavior and well-being.It is possible that the well-being of pets is driven by the underlying nature of the owner not simply by their conscious decisions and behaviors.16.What do we learn from the new study by the University of Lincoln?17.What does the passage say most pet owners want to do?18.What does the passage say i t’s still needed to understand the effects of owners’personalities on their pets?Passage Two(19)One 50-minute run can add seven hours to your life.This was a claim made by The Times last week.The claim was based on a new review of studies about the effects of running.The review concluded that an average runners live three years longer than non-runners and that running does more to extend life than any other form of exercise.But there’s more to running than its health benefits.(20)Research published in recent years have shown that running changes your brain and mind in some fascinating ways from increasing your brain function to regulating your emotions.However,the precise effects vary according to whether you engage in short fast running or long distance r unning.For example,in one study,researchers compared participants’ability to learn new words after several minutes of intense running,and after 40 minutes of gentle running,participants were able to learn 20 percent faster after the intense running and they showed a superior memory when tested again a week later.In another study,researchers asked volunteers to jog for 30 minutes and then showed them clips from a sad movie.Participants who usually struggled to handle negative emotions were more intensely aff ected by the sad clips just as you’d expect.But crucially,this was less so if they had completed the 30 minutes jog.(21)The researchers said moderate exercise appears to have helped those participants to be less vulnerable to the impact of the sad movie.19.What did the new review of studies claim?20.What is one effect that running has on people according to recent research?21.What did another study find about the participant after they had a 30 minutes jog?Passage ThreeWelcome to the tour of the Hill House.This house built in 1904 is one of the most well-known works of Charles Hill,the famous architect.It was designed and built for local entrepreneur and his family.Before starting the tour,let me give you a brief introduction about the design of thisa mazing building.(23)Prior to beginning his design,the architect spends sometime in the client’s old home,observing their life and studying their habits.This meant that he could design the house according to the needs of the family.(24)The client’s main des ire was to have a home with unique design,so the architect was given complete freedom.The building style is radically different from what was the fashion of the period.At the time,most large homes were constructed of timber and brick.This one,however,is made of concrete,a novel construction material in those days.The interior of the house,including the fittings and furniture,was also designed by the sameperson.Most of the furniture you will see is original and in good condition.However,(25)both pieces in t he children’s bedrooms are copies built to the designs of the architect.Fortunately,all the blueprints for both the building and its contents have been preserved,so we’ve been able to replace badly damaged furniture.Let’s begin our tour,starting from the r ooms.22.What do we learn about the speaker?He is the guide of the tour.23.What dis the architect do before beginning his design?24.What did the architect’s client mainly want?25.What do we learn about the pieces of furniture in the children’s bedrooms?1.D)He did an unusual good deed2.C)Give some money to the waiter3.A)Whether or not to move to the state's mainland4.B)It costs too much money5.A)To investigate whether people are grateful for help6.C)They held doors open for people at various places7.B)Most people express gratitude for help8.C)To enquire about solar panel installation9.D)He has a large family.10.B)The cost of a solar panel installation11.D)About five years12.A)At a travel agency13.D)She wanted to spend more time her family.14 D)Two weeks.15.A)Choosing some activities herself16.D)Pay a green tax upon arrival17.A)It has not been doing a good job in recycling.18.B)To ban single-use plastic bags and straws on Bali land.19.D)Its population is now showing signs of increase20.C)Commercial hunting21.D)To seek breeding grounds22.C)They consume less milk these days23.A)It is not as healthy as once thought24.C)They lack the necessary proteins to digest it25.B)It provides some necessary nutrients二、选词填空部分：When my son completes a task,I can't hlep but praise him.26.B.constant27.G.negative28.K.repeatedly29.L.rewarded30.C disappointing31.H.outcome32.1.pattern33.D.distinguish34.N.simply35.0.undertaken三、信息匹配部分：The History of the Lunch Box36.[F]City kids,on the other hand,went home for lunch and came back.37.[j]The company sold 600,000 units the first year.38.[〇]The introduction of backpacks changed the lunch box scene a bit^he adds.39.[C]Lunch boxes have been connecting kids to cartoons and TV shows and super-heroes for decades.40.[H]And then everything changed in the year of 1950.41.[L]The new trend was also a great example of planned obsolescence,that is,to design a product so that it will soon become unfashionable or impossible to use and will need replacing.42.[D]Let's start back at the beginning of the 20th century-the beginning of the lunch box story,really.43.[A]It was made of shiny,bright pink plastic with a Little Mermaid sticker on the front,and I carried it with me nearly every single day.44.[M]The metal lunch box craze Lasted until the mid-1980s,when plastic took over.45.<I>But these containers were really sting years on end.四、仔细阅读部分：P146 A When they don*t have the chance to do what they want47 D Harmful conduct48 B Many volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure boredom49 C It may promote creative thinking.50 D Allow oneself some time to be bored.P251.B Forests are fast shrinking in many developing countries.52.C Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage.53.A The government’s advocacy54.C Their capability of improving air quality55.D Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite directions五、作文部分：WritingDirections：For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Transportation.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.范文：Changes in the way of transportationAs the internet is developing so rapidly,the way of transportation keeps changing surprisingly.New applications on transportation emerge abundantly,contributing to the fact that people*s lifestyle has been changed as well.The changes in the way of transportation can be listed as follows.First of all,with the development of technology,the price of transportation is much cheaper than before.Moreover,compared with traditional ways of buying tickets,transportation applications and websites give passengers the opportunity to book tickets online without going outside to particular ticketoffices.Besides,highspeed railways gradually replace the oldfashioned green trains,which can tremendously improve travelers’comfort during the journey and shorten the time spent on the way. From my perspective,the changes in the way of transportation mainly lie in the good respects.As one of the fortunate passengers who live in the age of internet and can get access to online service of transportation,I can*t help exclaiming:it is the best of times.六、翻译部分：春节前夕吃团圆饭是中国人的传统。
【完整版】2022年12月英语四级真题答案解析(第一套)
【完整版】2022年12月英语四级真题答案解析（第一套）【听力部分】News Report 3A Spanish island called Palmador has been bought by a family from Europe for 18 million euros. (Question 5) Island id often described as heaven on earth by holiday makers. Decades tourist have been flocking to Palmador, which is located off the southeast coast of Spain. (Question 5) They come to enjoy its unspoiled beaches and crystal clear waters. (Question 6) Its natural beauty is protected as it lies inside a natural park.Although Palmador one of the most famous private islands in the world, its seafront is public land and is a favorite destination for famous people. When the island was put up for sale, it was offered to the local government, but proved too expensive for the local authorities. It is unclear whether the new owners have the power to ban tourist from the island, but with their newfound luxury comes the responsibility for its protection and maintenance.The island is less than two miles long and half a mile wide. (Question 5) lt is said to have a remarkable location that few other private islands of this size can match.According to estate agents, Palmador is perfect place to retreat to get away from the city noise and relax in beautiful surroundings with zero stress.(Question 7)Question 5What do we learn from the news report about the Spanish island Palmador?Question 6What do holiday makers come to Palmador to enjoy?Question 7What do estate agents say about Palmador?【选词填空】Parenting brings fathers more joy than it does mothes,according to a new study...26.K)involving27.B)associated28.L)note29.A)additional30.D)cultivate31.E)depressive32.H)however33.G)emotions34.F)directly35.I)implication【仔细阅读部分】46. What does the author say is remarkable about the fish we eat?BA)They reproduce quickly.B)They are mostly farmed.C)They have bocome as important as grain.D) They have a longer history than humars.47. What do we need to do if we keep consuming fish at the current rate?DA)Increasethefishingvolumeconsiderably.B)Developmoreadvancedfishingtechnology.C)Enlargethemarinefishstockseffectively.D)Expand the scale of fish-farming continuously.48.What does the author say about China in terms of aquatic food?CA)It places increasing emphasis on fishing now.B) It boasts of the world's largest fishing stocks,C) It raises more fish than caught from the wild.D) It supplies 60% of the world's fish products49.Why does the author say aquaculture is so important these days?AA) It is a must for feeding the world's fast-growing populationB) It proves a reliable source of protein for humans and animalsC) It is essential to maintaining both mental and physical healthD) It ensures a balanced healthy diet for people the world over,50.What does the author imply by saying aquaculture is no silver bullet?CA)Shrimp-farming is a risky business.B) Fish-farming will not be sustainableC) Fish-farming may cause serious problems too.D) Shrimp-farming can become quite expensive.51. What does the WEP's winning of tlhe Nobel Peace Prize make us realize?DA)More and more people in the world are suffering from starvation.B) All of us can be affected by food instability cne way or another,C) It is hazardous to leeve millions of people poor and vulnerable.D) It is morally wrong to think helping the poor is not our business.52. What do we leam about the WEP's effort to elirrinate hunger?BA)It has ersured a sufficient food supply to millicnsB) It is still far from its goal despite the progress made,C) It has done a good job in combating natural disasters.D) It is preventing starvation occurring on a global scale.53. What will happen when food aid is offered at a price?AA) The rich will become richer and the poor poorer.B)Morepeoplewillbewillbewillingtojoinintheeffort.C)More food will be made available to the needy.D) The relief effort will be rendered less sustainable.54.How can scientists help cope with poverty and hunger?BA)By colaborating closely with world economic institutions.B) By sharing expertise with peers in poverty-stricken nations.C) By setting up more food research programs in develsping countries.D) By building self-respect in people suffering from undernutrition55.What message does the author try toconvey at the end of the passage?CA) Wealthy nations should solve their own food problems first.B) Rich counties should be more generous in providing food aid,C)Poor nations should enhance their own ability to solve their food shortages.D) World economic institutions should play a bigger role in fighting hunger.【翻译部分】立春(Start of Spring)在中国农历中表示春天的开始。
2022年12月全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案解析(第一套)
2022年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套)PartI Writing(30minutes) Directions: In this task, you are to write an essay on the importance of developing a healthy lifestyle among college students. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.PartⅡListening Comprehension(25minutes) Section ADirections: In this section,you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)A free car show.B)A yearly concert.C) A pipe band contest.D)A sports competition.2.A)Contribute a lot to the local economy.B)Improve the image of Glasgow city.C) Enrich the local culture of Glasgow.D)Entertain people in local communities.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)Dangerous ice melts in Greenland.B) Surprising rise in global sea levels.C) Changing weather patterns in summer.D)Record growth of Greenland's ice sheets.4.A)It lasted three months.B)It began in late May.C) It ended a month earlier than before.D) It started a month earlier than usualQuestions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)Local policemen came across bundles of t20 notes.B)Bundles of f20 notes kept turning up.C) A villager was searching for his lost cash.D)A bundle containing thousands of pounds got stolen.6.A)They return it to the finder.B) They give it to charity.C) They place a notice in The Northern Echo.D) They hand it over to the local government.7.A)They cooperated well with the police.B) They enjoyed a fairly affluent life.C) They had a strong community spirit.D) They were puzzled by the mysterySection BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)Excited.B)Strange.C) Delighted.D)Indifferent.9.A)Talk about future plans with friends.B)Look back on their years at school.C) Call on their relatives and friends.D)Search for the meaning of their life.10.A)He looks forward to receiving presents from his close friends.B)He enjoys celebrating others' birthdays rather than his own.C) He loves them but does not want to make a fuss.D)He prefers to have them shown on social media.11.A)Extend invitation to those he trusts most.B) Make it an occasion to collect donations.C) Hold it on a modest scale to remove birthday anxieties.D) View it as a chance for people to socialize and have funQuestions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)There was too long a delay.B) There was a terrible smell.C) It was absolutely exhausting.D)She got off at the wrong station.13.A)She hasn't saved enough money.B)She is used to taking public transport.C) She is worried about traffic jams.D)She hasn't passed the driving test yet.14.A)They are popular.B) They are a bit expensive for her.C) They are dangerous.D) They are environmentally friendly.15.A)By renting a bike.B)By sharing a ride.C) By bus.D)By joggingSection CDirections: In this section,you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)He is a deaf person working in IT.B) He is a sign language interpreter.C) He doesn't like speaking at meetings.D) He doesn't use email or text messages.17.A)Big advances in sign language.B) Transformation in the IT industry.C) Improved communication skills.D)Speech recognition technology.18.A)He can avoid being mistaken.B)He can understand with ease.C) He can take notes on the spot.D) He can see the speakers' images.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)To find pure white walls shining.B) To enter a house well looked after.C) To see cheerful colours all around.D) To get a hug from family members20.A)Painting the interior of their cupboards.B)Doing the painting job all by themselves.C) Designing all window frames the same way.D) Choosing a colour because it is fashionable.21.A)Paint the wooden frameworks and walls the same colour.B) Match the room's ceiling with all the furniture in colour.C) Hang landscape paintings all round.D) Fit most of the cupboards into walls.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)Children should start reading at age 3.B) Reading to their children is important.C) Reading is a habit every child can develop.D)Children must read at least 3 times a week.23.A)The speed of their brain development in infancy.B) The number of books they have read by age four.C) The number and quality of books parents read to them in infancy.D) The quality and quantity of time parents spend playing with them.24.A)Books telling very interesting stories.B) Books with pictures of dolls and toys.C) Books describing the lives of animals.D) Books with specifically labeled images.25.A)Share experience with other parents.B) Create picture books for their children.C) Choose carefully what to read to their children.D)Read as many books as possible to their children.Reading Comprehension(40minutes)PartⅢSection ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Phones influence all aspects of teenage life. Ninety-five percent of Americans ages 13 to17 have a smartphone or have access to one, and nearly half report using the intern et“almost26 ”But as recent survey data and interviews have suggested, many teens find much of that time to be unsatisfyingly spent. Continuous 27 shouldn't be mistaken for endless enjoyment. A new 28 representative survey about“screen time and device distractions”from the Pew Research Center indicates that it's not just parents who think teenagers are worryingly. 29from their phones—many teens themselves do too. Fifty-four percent of the 13-to- 17-year-olds surveyed said they spend too much time 30in their phones.Vicky Rideout, who runs a research firm that studies children's interactions with media and technology, was not surprised by this finding. She says it's hardly .31 to teenagers. “They are dealing with the same challenges that adults are, as far as they are living in the32of a tech environment designed to suck as much of their time onto their devices as possible,”Rideout says.The way parents interact with technology can 33 t he way they interact with their kids. Rideout thus thinks it's up to parents to model good 34:Kids tend to take note if their parents put their phone away at dinner or charge it in another room while they sleep. Witnessing habits like that can help kids“realize that they can 35 some more control over their devices,”she says.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Evil GeniusA)A few years ago I found myself teaching a university class on evil.It was for third-yearcriminology students to help them contextualize theory and research within controversial current topics. It was a huge success. The debates were heated and interesting. I could see people's views change within the course of a single lecture. Over the past 13 years,as a student, lecturer and researcher, I've enjoyed discussing the science of evil with anyone willing to listen. What I like most is destroying the cliche(陈词滥调)of good and evil, and replacing them with scientific insight. We need a more informed way of discussing behavior that at first we cannot, or should not, begin to understand.B)Without understanding, we risk dehumanizing others, writing off human beings simplybecause we don't comprehend them. We must try to understand what we have labeled evil.We tend to think evil is something that other people are. We think of ourselves as“good people”,and even when we do morally wrong things, we understand the context of our decisions.With others, however, it is far easier to write them off.If their actions deviate (偏离)substantially from what we consider acceptable, we may label them evil. We need to be careful with this. Calling someone evil is often similar to saying they cannot change, and perhaps aren't even a human at all. However, when you actually go monster-hunting, and you look deeply at the people behind shocking behavior, you may be surprised.C) As a child I used to love the Scooby-Doo cartoons. Arriving in thei r“Mystery Machine”,the gang would have to find a monster who was terrorizing a neighborhood. They would run around looking for clues and at the end unmask the bad guy. It was always a normal person in a costume. There were no monsters.Like the Scooby crew,we may find ourselves hunting for an easy fix, one word for people who do bad things. But if we take a good look, the word“evil”is insufficient—there are no simple explanations for why humans do bad things: instead there are many,and they are all marvelously different.D)Evil is typically referred to when there is deviance from social norms:formal deviance isthe violation of laws, like theft, murder, and attacks, while informal deviance involves violations of social norms,like lying.Evil behavior is typically thought to embrace one or both forms. However, deviance can also describe a behavior that simply differs from the norm.E)Perhaps this is where we can find the good side of our bad side.Deviating from the normcan make us villains(恶棍),but it can also make us heroes. A child deviates from social pressures when they stand up for another child being bullied in school.A soldier deviates when they choose not to follow orders to kill an innocent civilian. An employee in a big tech company deviates when they expose its wrongdoings.F)Creativity is also a deviation. Here, too, things are complex. Thinking creatively has givenus modern medicine, technology and modern political structures, but it has also given us poison and nuclear weapons. Great benefit and great harm can come from the same human tendency.G)In a research paper, Evil Genius, published in 2014,the behavioral scientists FrancescaGino and Scott Wiltermuth wanted to examine whether people who behave unethically in one task are more creative than others on a subsequent task,even after controlling for differences in baseline creative skills. The unethical behavior they chose was dishonesty.H) Over five experiments researchers gave participants tasks in which they could cheat. Inone study,they were given matrixes(矩阵)and had to find two numbers that added up to10.Participants were asked to self-report how well they did at the end of the study:59%cheated by saying that they solved more matrixes than they actually had.I)After each task, the researchers measured participants'performance on the RemoteAssociates Test. This shows participants three words at a time that appear to be unrelated, and the person has to think of a fourth word that is associated with all of them. For example,you might get“Fox, Man, Peep”,or“Dust,Cereal,Fish”.In order to find the linking words(“Hole”for the first,“Bowl”for the second) you need to be creative. The more you get right, the more creative you are thought to be because you have come upwith uncommon associations.J)For every one of the five studies, they found the same thing—participants who cheated in the first task did better on the creativity task. Why? Like other forms of unethical behavior, lying means breaking rules. It involves being deviant, going against the social principle that people should tell the truth.Similarly, being creative involves“thinking outside the box”, deviating from expectations. They involve similar thought patterns, so stimulating one stimulates the other. Can we learn from this? Perhaps. To be more creative,we could try lying in controlled environment. Find online logic games and cheat at them, play Scrabble (拼字游戏)with a dictionary, or write a story about something that is untrue? Such tasks can get our brains thinking flexibly, beyond our normal comfort zone. This is not a call to become a compulsive(强迫性的)liar,but a controlled liar.K)In addition to benefits for creativity,deviance can be a good thing in other ways. Even Philip Zimbardo, the author of the Stanford prison experiment, who showed how easily we can be led to behave badly, believes that the future of deviance research may lie more in understanding extreme pro-social behavior, such as heroism.Like evil,we often view heroism as only a possibility for outliers—for people who are abnormal.But Zimbardo asks:“What if the capability to act heroicallyis also fundamentally ordinary and available to all of us?”Some say we should never meet our heroes, lest they disappoint us when we find out how normal they are. But this should be liberating, not disappointing. We are all capable of behaving like outliers. It's time for us to understand deviance, and realize its potential for good as well as for harm.36.A behavior that does not conform to social norms may be described as being deviant.37.Various experiments found that participants who cheated in the initial task performed better in the creativity test.38.People may be simply considered evil if their behaviors are morally unacceptable to us.39.The research published by two scientists was intended to examine the relationship between dishonesty and creativity.40.The author's lectures sparked lively discussions in his class.41.The researchers tested the participants' creativity by asking them to play a word game.42. It is time we realized that deviance may be capable of doing both good and harm to individuals and society.43. The reasons for people's evil behaviors can be explained in more ways than one.44. The math task in one experiment was designed to test participants' tendency to cheat.45.Some creative ideas have turned out to do harm to human society.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Even though we are living in an age where growing old is thought of as an inevitable misery,this doctor has been changing the game for seniors over the last 25 years.It all started in 1991 when the Harvard-educated physician was transferred from working in a stressful emergency room to being the medical director of a nursing home in upstate New York. The depressing and regimented(严格管制的)environment got him thinking on what exactly could improve the residents' conditions.Even though animals in nursing homes were illegal at the time, Dr. Bill Thomas took a chance. Based on a hunch(直觉),he brought in two dogs,four cats, hens, rabbits, 100 birds,a multitude of plants,a flower garden, and a vegetable patch.The change was dramatic. There was a 50% drop in medical prescriptions along with a dramatic decrease in death rates—but most importantly,the residents were simply happier.Dr. Thomas's approach, named the Eden Alternative, has driven nursing homes to allow a more autonomous (自主的)and creative living space for their elderly.It erases the belief that growing old means growing useless. He encourages residents to think of their age as an enriching new phase of life rather than the end of it.Thomas, now a speaker and author of several books, also created small, independently-run residences with their own bedrooms and bathrooms,and he has been preaching a singular message that getting old is not a bad thing.“Within six weeks, they had to send a truck around to pick up all the wheelchairs,”Thomas told theWashington Post.“You know why most people in nursing homes use wheelchairs? Because the buildings are so big.”The 56-year-old doctor's methods have been adopted in Australia, Japan, Canada, and America with enormous success. Last year he published Second Wind:Navigating the Passage to a Slower, Deeper, and More Connected Life,a guide on how to shift our perspectives on aging and growth.He is currently traveling through North America performing with his guitar and his enthusiasm on his Age of Disruption Tour.46.What has Bill Thomas been doing for a quarter of a century?A) Transforming people's lifestyle.B) Honoring his Harvard education.C) Changing people's philosophy of life.D)Shifting people's perspective on aging.47.Why did Bill Thomas try something different in the nursing home?A) He wanted to make it more pleasant for seniors.B) He wanted to apply his Harvard training to practice.C) He felt it his duty to revolutionize its management.D)He felt disappointed working in the environment.48.What do we learn about Bill Thomas bringing animals and plants into the nursing home?A) He made a mess of the nursing home.B) He did something all professionals would do.C) He won instant support from the state authorities.D) He acted in violation of the state law.49.What has Bill Thomas been persistently advocating?A) Good health is not just a privilege of the young.B)Nursing homes should be strictly limited in size.C) Getting old is by no means something miserable.D) Residences for seniors should be run independently.50.How is Bill Thomas's new concept received?A) It is gaining ground in many countries.B)It is being heatedly debated worldwide.C) It is considered revolutionary everywhere.D)It is winning approval from the government.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.Research shows that in developed countries, more affluent and educated people tend to consume higher quality diets—including more fruits and vegetables, fish and whole grains. On the contrary,economically disadvantaged people report diets that are nutrient-poor and energy-dense. They are less likely to have food purchasing habits that conform to public health recommendations.These dietary differences are often accompanied by higher rates of obesity and diabetes among lower income people. This relationship between social class and diet quality and health is extensively documented. However, the research does not explain why this is the case—a question that has significant implications for designing effective policies and initiatives to improve diets and prevent chronic diseases.Public-health initiatives to promote healthy diets often focus on providing nutrition education and recipes (食谱).These approaches, however,often presume less food literacy(i.e.food knowledge and skills) among low-income people.Are unhealthy diets really the result of poor choices, limited food skills and knowledge?Research suggests that adults in food-insecure households are just as likely as those in food-secure households to adjust recipes to make them more healthy. They are also just as proficient in food preparation and cooking skills. There is no indication that increasing food skills or budgeting skills will reduce food insecurity.Instead, disadvantaged groups are constrained by their economic,material and social circumstances. For example,low income is the strongest predictor of food insecurity in Canada, where one in eight households experiences insufficient access to nutritious foods.It's well-established that food prices are an important determinant of food choice. Low-income households report that they find it difficult to adopt dietary guidelines because food prices are a barrier to improving their diets.When researchers estimate the cost of diets people actually eat, higher-quality diets are typically more costly.While this may be so, it does not, in itself, prove that healthy diets are necessarily more expensive or cost prohibitive. After all, not all socioeconomically disadvantaged people consume poor diets.We can easily think of a number of foods and recipes that are both inexpensive and nutritious. The internet is full of recipes for“eating well on a budget.”51.What can we learn from research on diets in developed countries?A)Dietary recommendations are not fit for underprivileged people.B)People from different social groups vary in their dietary habits.C) People's choice of food depends on their individual taste.D) There is no consensus on what high-quality diets are.52.What does the author say is important in formulating policies to improve diets and health?A)A better understanding of the relationship between social class and health.B)A greater emphasis on studying the cause of obesity and chronic diseases.C) Prioritizing the provision of better nutrition for lower classes.D)Designing education programs and initiatives on public health.53.What does research reveal about adults in food-insecure households?A) Their eating habits need to be changed.B) Their food literacy has been improving.C) They do not pay much attention to their food recipes.D) They do not lack food knowledge or budgeting skills.54.What would help improve food security among the disadvantaged groups in Canada?A) Teaching them budgeting skills.B)Increasing their food choices.C) Enabling them to have more access to nutritious foods.D) Taking more effective measures to increase food supplies.55.What does the author suggest disadvantaged people do to improve their health?A)Adopt a positive attitude towards dietary guidelines.B)Choose diets that are both healthy and affordable.C) Make sure to purchase healthy foods on the internet.D) Change their eating habits and consumption patterns.Part IV Translation(30minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passagefrom Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.在中国农历中，立秋(Start of Autumn) 意味着夏天的结束和秋天的开始。
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12月英语四级听力真题答案解析第一套完整版【新东方在线版】“考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对。
”本次大学四级听力试题难度中等,大部分题目仍然遵守视听一致原则。
新闻考察的内容包括为Edison卖柠檬水和画画为生病的弟弟筹资;法国将在五年内马路上建造太阳能板来为人们供应能源;研究者们研究非洲狮子消失的原因。
对话包括讨论生日怎么过的对话;如何成为一个优秀的谈判者等。
利用选项的形式来判断原文出题的内容,提前给耳朵预热。
比如完整的长选项,考生可直接使用视听一致原则;针对动作选项,例如A.to observe the wildlife in the two national park.则要多注意动作或直接听取‘to’信号词; 针对by选项,例如:A. by taking pictures for passers-by则要注意听取原文中的‘方式’等。
New report 11. 答案: B) Her little brother.Q: Who did Edison raise money for?解析: 新闻首句原则,了解大致内容是Edison卖柠檬水和画画为生病需要做心脏手术(surgery)的弟弟筹资。
第一道题给考生来了个下马威,难度系数比较高, 需要考生自己分类信息再听取问题作答,这种题型称为模棱两可型题目,考察学生听力和反应能力。
A. Her friend Erika. 根据顺序原则,A选项在新闻最后才出现且与问题不符，先不作考虑。
C/D选项是Edison祖母猜测Edison 偷听到祖父的对话,从而得知弟弟生病,与问题无关,故排除。
2. 答案: C) By selling lemonade and pictures.Q: How did Edison raise money?原文:She decided to go outside and have a lemonade stand, make some jewelries and pictures and sell them.这道题难度中等,根据选项形式都是by, 可得知问题一定是问how,因此,可预先考虑应该紧抓文章中的“方式”,再根据视听一致原则即可得出答案。
New report 23. 答案: C) Providing clean energy to five million people.Q：What is the Francis’purpose of constructing solar panels?原文: Last week, France announced the country would pay 621miles of road with solar panels over the next five years with the goal of providing cheap, renewable energy to five million people. (法国将在五年内马路上建造太阳能板,旨在为人们供应可生能源。
)解析: 这道题难度中等, 遵照试听一致原则,同时注意答案前后一致。
4. B) They can be laid right on top of existing highways.Q: What is especial about the solar panels used in the walkway?解析: 这道题有模棱两可选项出现,即B/C。
但是,C呈现的听力内容只是介绍太阳能板的厚度;而B则是问题所问的特殊作用,因此,综合问题,得出答案即B。
其中,highway相对应同义替换的词汇有: walkway, bypass等。
New report 35. 答案:A) Endless fighting in the region. (视听一致)Q：What has made it difficult to survey lions in remote parts of Susan and Ethiopia?原文：Continuous fighting in the region has made survey difficult.解析: 这篇新闻研究者们证实非洲的狮子正在大范围消失,并成立小组研究狮子的栖息地。
这道题难度中等,通过视听一致即可。
6. 答案:D. To find evidence of the existence of the “lost lions”.Q: What is the main purpose of the research?7. 答案: B) Lions’tracks.(视听一致)Q: What did the research find in the national park?原文: A team with Oxford university‘s wildlife conservation research union supported by a charity organization, spent two nights in Nov ,camping in the national park in North Ethiopia on the Ethiopia Sudan border. The researches set out six cameratraps ,capturing images of lions and identify (7)lion’s tracks. (6)The scientists concluded that lions are also likely to live in neighboring national park across the border in Sudan.Conversation 18. 答案: A) Her ‘lucky birthday’.Q：What is the woman looking forward to?9. 答案: D) Threw her a surprise party.Q: What did the parents do on her sister’s lucky birthday?10.答案: B) The trip her husband has planned.Q：What did the women eager to find out about?11.答案C) He is eager to learn how the couple’s holiday turns out.Q: What just the man said in the end of the conversation?原文:M: I am sure both of you will have a fantastic time. Happy Golden birthday!I can’t wait to hear all about it when you get back.解析:这道题选项都是He且是对话题,因此要多注意男生的说话内容。
Conversation 212.答案: A) They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation. (试听一致)Q:What does the man say about good negotiator?13.答案: B) They know when to stop.Q: What does the man say may be the most important thing to a successful negotiator?14.答案: C) They learn quickly.Q: How is the good negotiator different from the poor one?15.答案: D) Get to know the other side.Q: What is the first stage to the negotiation according to the man?Passage 116.答案: D) How space research benefits people on Earth.Q: What do some people want to know about space exportation?17.答案: B) They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space.Q: What did scientist for the space shuttle mission?18.答案: A) They are extremely accurate.Q: What does the speak say about the crystal quartz in watches?Passage 219. 答案: C) It marked the beginning of something new.18.答案: A) They believed in working for goals.20) 答案: D) Doing needlework by the fire.Passage 322.答案C) Sit down and try to calm yourself.23.答案: B) You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers.24.答案: D) Walk uphill.25.答案: A) Inform somebody of your plan.12月四六级真题答案去哪找？12月16日锁定四六级频道，超全四级真题及答案考试结束后免费供应，想第一时间查答案的小朋友快来查看！！！！更多四级真题答案请见>>>2017年12月英语四级真题及答案专题。