句子成分 句子类型 句子结构教师教案

句子成分句子类型句子结构

1.句子成分：组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。其中包括：

主要成分：主语谓语

次要成分：表语宾语宾语补足语定语状语

主语(sub)：句子所陈述的主体。一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

读下列句子，找出句子的主语并说出主语的词性。

1.Honesty is the best quality.

2.Nobody can help you.

3.Four and five makes nine.

4.The sick and the old need our help.

5.The wounded should be sent to hospital.

6.To become a nurse is my wish.

7.Running is good for health.

8.Between six and seven in the morning is the best time.

9.That he past the exam made us surprised.

10.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.

11.It is necessary to master a foreign language.

12.There is a teacher and 3students.

总结那些词可以做主语：

名词（cn/un）代词（pron.）数词（num.）名词化的形容词（the + adj./doing/done）

不定式动名词介词短语主语从句 it（形式主语）

谓语（v.）:表示主语的动作，行为或所处的状态。（谓语有人称和数的变化）动词及

动词短语常在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。

观察下面的句子总结谓语动词的构成。

1. He practices running every morning. / The plane takes off at 8 o’clock.

2. You may keep the book for two weeks. / He has caught a bad cold.

3. Our school becomes more beautiful.

总结谓语动词的构成。

1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

2、复合谓语：由情态动词或其他助动词加动词构成或系动词加表语

表语(pred.):系动词后用来说明主语的特征，类属，状态或身份等。

系动词的类别：

状态系动词：be (is am are was were) seem smell sound taste feel touch stay(保持) remain (依然) look （看上去） appear （显得） keep（保持）

continue (继续) stand (以某种方式矗立着)

结果（转变）系动词：become grow(长得) come(成为) prove(证明) get (变得) turn

(变得) fall (变为) go （变得）

观察下面的句子总结那些词可以做表语：

1.It becomes a major problem.

2.I am not myself today.

3.He was the first to leave.

4.The lights are on.

5.Wasting time is killing yourself.

6.The book is interesting.

7.The leaves grow yellow.

8.I am much worried about her health.

9.My wish is to become a nurse.

10.I am at work now.

11.This is where we disagree.

总结那些词可以做表语：

名词（n）数词（num.）代词（pron.）副词（adv.）动名词 (doing )现在分词(doing) 形容词 (adj.) 过去分词(done) 不定式(to do ) 介词短语 (prep-p) 表语从句

宾语(obj.):表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。

观察下面的句子总结那些词可以作宾语：

1. They went to see an exhibition yesterday.

2. The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.

3. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.

4. They helped the old with their housework yesterday.

5. He pretended not to see me.

6.I enjoy listening to popular music.

7. I think（that）he is fit for his office.

8. I can’t decide when to start the job.

总结能做宾语的词有：

名词代词数词名词化形容词不定式短语动名词短语宾语从句疑问词+不定时宾语的种类：

双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语

同源宾语： laugh a…laugh dream a … dream blow a…blow smile a … smile sing a … song live a… life

宾语补足语(obj.-c) :英语中有些及物动词（包括介词with），除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。

带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：及物动词+宾语+宾补(宾语+宾补也叫复合宾语)

观察下面的句子总结那些词可以做宾补：

1.She used to sleep with the windows open.

2.We made him our monitor.

3.He made the class over.

4.The parents let their children in their bedroom.

5.I get him to do this job by himself.

6.I found him wondering along the street.

7.I got my car repaired.

8.I don’t know when the meeting will be held.

总结能够做宾补的词有：

宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词介词短语充当。