初中英语状语从句讲解、练习与标准答案(教案)

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状语从句

状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。

1.时间状语从句

(1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while,before,after,since,till, until, as soon as等连词来

引导。例如:

It wasraining hard(rain hard 下大雨) when got to school yesterday.

While he wasdoing his homework, the telephone rang.

As he walked along(沿着走)the lake, he sang happily.

He had learned alittle Chinese before hecameto China.

Afterhe finished middleschool, he wenttoworkin a factory.

(2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如:

I’ll ring you up as soonas I get to New York.

Iwilltellhimeverything whenhe comesback.

He won’t believeit untilhe sees it with his own eyes.

(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如:

Theyoungman read till the lightwent out(熄灭).

Let’swaituntil the rain stops.

Wewon’tstart until Bob comes.

Don’t get off(从下来)until the bus stops.

【Till是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候,而在那个时刻之后,该事情或状况仍将持续。Until是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候,而讲话的人在自己心里认为,在那个时刻之后,该事情或该状况将中止(不怎么可能持续)。固定组合里frommorning till night,till/until是不能替换的,】

2. 条件状语从句

(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如:

What shall we doifit snowstomorrow?

Don’t leave thebuilding unless I tellyou to.

(2)在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如:

I’ll help you with your Englishif amfreetomorrow.

Hewon’tbe late unless he is ill.

(3)“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如:

Hurryup, or you’ll be late.=If you don’t hurryup,you’ll belate.

Study hard and you willpasstheexam.=Ifyou studyhard, you will passthe exam.

3. 原因状语从句

(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如:

Hedidn’t come to school becausehe was ill.

As it israining, weshall not(不得;不应该)gothe zoo.

Sinceyou can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.

(2)because表示直接原因,语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题,只能用because。As和since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如:

------Why aren’t goingthere?

------Because I don’twant to.

As hehas no car, he can’tget there easily.

Since wehave no money, wecan’t buy it.

(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。

4.结果状语从句

(1)结果状语从句由so…that,such…that,so that引导。例如:

He isso poorthat he can’tbuy a bikefor his son.(和too...to...句型的转换复习)

Sheissuch a good teacher that everybodylikes her.

Mypencilfellunderthe desk, so thatI couldn’t see it.

(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如:

在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中,so是副词,与形容词连用。其结构是:“...so+ 形容词(副词)+that +从句”。例如:

He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word.

The hallis so big that itcan hold2,000people.

Motherlivesso far awaythat we hardly ever(几乎不,从来不) see her.

在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中,such是形容词,它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词,也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词,也可不带。如果是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如:Itwas such a hotdaythat nobody wantedtodo anything.

Hehad such long armsthat he could almost touch the ceiling.(天花板)

He madesuch rapid progress thathe didverywell inthe mid-term.

有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如:

Itwas such awonderful filmthat all of us wantedtosee itagain.

=The filmwassowonderful that allof us wanted tosee it again.

It is such an important match that nobody wantstomiss it.

=Thematch issoimportant that nobody wants tomiss it.

(3)如果名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰时,只能用so, 不用such。例如:

Soon therewere somany deer that they ate up all the wildroses.

He has solittle time that he can’t go to the cinema(去看电影)with you.

5. 比较状语从句

比较状语从句通常由as…as, 比较级+than…等连词引导。例如:

Tom runsfaster than Johndoes.

Thisclassroom is as big as that one(is).

6. 目的状语从句

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