继电保护英文专业词汇

电网结构、电源分布、负荷水平、电网规模、供电可靠性；大系统理论、分层决策、分层控制控制方式：局部控制；统一决策、集中控制；分散决策、分散控制；分层决策、分层控制；

N-1标准、输电系统静态安全评估标准之一；

N-1标准：系统中

1个发电机组或1个电网设备(线路、电缆、变压器)退出运行时，系统仍应能维持运行。停电损失；系统运行涉及的备用主要有负荷备用和事故备用。稳定控制技术：就地分散型装置向区域分布式系统发展。防止区域性频率崩溃的连锁切负荷局部故障、保护及控制装置的拒动或误动、不适当或不及时的手动措施、导致一系列相继故障或连锁开断系统的充裕行、经济性和可靠性；

the liberalization of electricity market, economical benefits ,

the grid has to be operated with maximized transfers

physical constrains; outage, partially black-out, complete black-out;

available transmission capacity(ATC)

突然损失发电机或线路：

sudden loss of a generator or transmission line.

负荷突然增加或减少：sudden load increases or decreases

短路和开关操作：short circuits and switching operations.

三相和对地短路：three-phase and line-to-ground faults

短路器：circuit breaker

暂态过电压和电流：transient overvoltages and currents

雷击：lightning strikes

电涌放电器：surge arrester

相量：phasor

，通常用复数phasors

瞬时功率：instantaneous power

特别地：In particular,

正弦电压或电流：

A sinusoidal voltage or current at constant frequency

最大值：maximum value

有效值：effective value

平均值：average value

坐标系实轴：real axis

坐标系虚轴：imaginary axis

相量图：phasor diagram for

无源元件：passive elements

电阻、电感、电容、电抗：resistor, inductor, and capacitor, reactance,

感性、容性：inductive, capacitive

有功功率：real power or active power

无功功率：reactive power

功率因数：power factor

功率因数角：power factor angle

A single-phase source delivers 100kW to a load operating at a power factor of 0.8 lagging.

物理意义：The physical significance of

与…同相位：…be in phase with…

Example：

For a purely resistive load, the current into the load is

in phase with the load voltage.

machines to move from one steady-state operating point follow ing a disturbance to another steady-state operating point, wit hout losing synchronism.

额定值：nominal values

故障类型：

loss of generation, line-switching operations, faults, sudden load changes

同步频率：

synchronous frequency

波动：

Fluctuate

In today’s large-scale power systems with many synchronous

machines interconnected by complicated transmission networks,

汽轮机-调速器、励磁系统、有载调压变压器：

turbine-governors, excitation systems, tap-changing transforms 三相平衡系统：balanced three-phase system

系统崩溃：the complete collapse of the system

引起重视：

a few basic facts should be brought to the attention of th e general public.

一些理由听起来很有道理：reasons for interconnections are sound

从国家层面来讲：On the national scene

N-1开断：

single-element outage(one-transmission line or one-generator out age)

N-2开断：

multiple-element outage(two-transmission line outage, one transmission line and one