英语形容词讲解

英语形容词讲解
英语形容词讲解

二、形容词的种类

1. 品质形容词英语中大量形容词属于这一类,他们表示人或物的品质,如:

He’s the happiest man on earth. 他是地球上最快乐的人。

The play was boring. 那出戏很枯燥乏味。

这类形容词一般都能用于比较级,如bigger, simpler, younger.

2. 类属形容词这类形容词表示属于哪一类,如:

These subjects reflect our daily lives. 这些题材反映我们的日常生活。

这类形容词一般都不能用于比较级。

3. 颜色形容词有少数表示颜色的形容词,如:

His face went purple with rage. 他的脸气得发青。

这类词前面还可加light, pale, dark, deep, bright 等词,如:

light brown hair 淡蓝色头发 a pale green dress 淡绿色裙服

4. 强调形容词有些形容词起强调作用,如:

I have perfect trust in his judgment. 我绝对信任他的判断力。

5. -ing 形容词

1)有大量现在分词正在或已经变为形容词,如:

It was a tiring journey. 这真是一趟累人的旅行。

2)一些-ing形容词并不与动词有关,如:

neighbouring cities 邻近的城市 a cunning trick 狡猾的计谋

6. –ed形容词

1)大多数-ed形容词都与及物动词有关,是由它们的过去分词变过来的,一般有被动意义,多数为品质形容词,如:

I felt depressed. 我感到很沮丧。

2)有些-ed形容词可说是类属形容词,也由动词的过去分词变来,但不能用于比较级,如:。She is a trained nurse. 她是一个受过训练的护士。

3)有少数-ed形容词,不是由动词,而是由名词变来的:

skilled workers 技术工人salaried class 工薪阶层

4)有些-ed 的形容词包含有副词:

a well-equipped army 一支装备精良的部队 a well-known musician 著名的音乐家

7. 合成形容词

1)形容词在英语中是比较普遍的,最常见的有:

a. 形容词+名词+ed: good-natured 天性善良的

b. 形容词+现在分词:easy-going 好说话的

c. 名词+现在分词:heart-breaking 令人心碎的

2)还有一些其他类型的合成形容词,如:

a two-piece suit 两件套的西服all-out attempt 全力以赴的努力

3)还有一些三个或更多词构成的和成形容词,如:

heart-to-heart talk 推心置腹的谈话an-out-of-date driving license 过期驾照

三、形容词的用法和在句中的位置

1. 形容词在句中主要可用作:

1)定语:He is a self-made man. 他是个自学成材的人。

2)表语His comments were well-meant. 他说这些都是出于好心。

3)宾语的补语(构成合成宾语)Do you think it necessary? 你认为这有必要吗?

4)状语:

She was back, eager to see her friends. 她回来了,极想见她的朋友们。

He arrived home, hungry and tired. 他又饿又累的回到家里。

2. 形容词在句中的位置

1)当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时,形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题。一般规则为:

(限定词)→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→(名词)。如:

There is a famous fine old stone bridge near the village.

村子附近有一座著名的漂亮的古代石桥。

2)当形容词用来修饰somebody等的时候,便会出现后置形容词。如:

Do you have anything interesting to tell us?你有什么趣闻告诉我们吗?

There is nothing wrong with the machine.这台机器没有毛病。

四、形容词的比较级和最高级

2) 多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或most。如:

原级比较级最高级

useful more useful most useful

difficult more difficult most difficult

delicious more delicious most delicious 3) 有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化。

原级比较级最高级

good/well 好的better best

bad/ill 坏的worse worst

many/much 多的more most

little 少的less least

2. 形容词比较级的用法

1)形容词的比较级可以单独使用:

Be more careful next time. 下次小心点。

2)也可以和than连用,表示两者相比,than后可以跟:He is older than me. 他年龄比我大。

3 形容词比较级的修饰语

1)形容词比较级前可加much, a lot, a bit, a little之类表示程度的状语:

He’s feeling a lot better today. 他感到今天好多了。

2)也可在比较级前any, no, some, even, still这类词:

Do you feel any better today? 你今天感觉好一点了吗?

3)比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词:

My sister is ten years younger than me. 我妹妹比我小十岁。

4. 形容词比较级的特殊用法

和more有关的词组

1)the more…the more…越……就越……。例如:

The harder you work,the greater progress you'll make. 越努力,进步越大。

2)more than不只是,非常。例如:

She is more than kind to us all. 她对我们非常热心。

和less有关的词组

3) less than 不到…不太:

In less than a week, the MS was ready. 不到一周稿子就准备好了。

4) more or less 基本上大体上大约

The work is more or less finished. 这项工作基本上完成了。

另外,还有as + 形容词或副词原级+ as

表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在as的前面。例如:

This room is twice as big as that one. 这房间的面积是那间的两倍。

11)倍数+ as + adj. + as<=> 倍数+ the …+ of。例如:

This bridge is three times as long as that one. 这座桥的长度是那座的三倍。

Your room is twice as large as mine. 你的房间是我的两倍大。

5. 形容词最高级用法

the + 最高级+ 比较范围

1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the,例如:

The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。

形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常"。例如:

It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 这是个很重要的问题。

注意:使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。

(错)Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.

(对)Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.

6. 形容词最高级的特殊用法

I think her plan is best. 我认为她的计划最好。

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形 容 词 的 比 较 级 和 最 高 级 变 化 规 则 B.部分双音节与多音节的词比较级在原级之前加more, 最高级在原级之前 加most beautiful---more beautiful---most beautiful interesting--- difficult--- C.不规则变化的形容词: little / few(原形)- less (比较级)- least(最高级) good(原形)- better(比较级)- best(最高级) bad (原形)- worse(比较级)- worst(最高级) far (原形)-- further—furthest 例句: Tom is tall. John is tall. Bob is tall. I'm as tall as you. Tom is as tall as John.

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