名词性从句
名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的各种从句，统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中所起的语法作用，这类从句分别称为主语从句、
1.作动词的宾语
①大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后：
He doesn’t know where the post office is. 他不知道邮局在哪里。
②有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语：
He told me what I should read. 他已告诉我应该读些什么。
③如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要使用形式宾语it，而将从句放到补足语后面：
I thought it strange that he failed to call me.
④在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则不用否定形式，而将主句谓
语动词think等变为否定形式：
I don’t think you are right.
*⑤在think, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, hope 等动词以及I’m afraid等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可用not代替一个否定的宾语从句：
E.g. --- Do you believe it will clear up? 你以为天气会转晴吗？
--- I believe so. 我认为会这样。
(--- I don’t believe so./I believe not.) 我认为不会这样。
－Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?
－.
A．I don’t believe B．I don’t believe it
C．I believe not so D．I believe not
－Don’t you think Jack’s health has been ruined by over drinking?
－Yes, he told me himself.
A．the thing B．it C．so D．the fact
2. 作介词的宾语
①that引导的宾语从句只有在except, in, but, besides等少数介词后偶尔可能用到：
Your article is all right except that it is too long.
你的文章挺好，只是太长了。
Did she say anything about how we should do the work?
关于这工作我们该怎么做她说什么没有？
*②有时在介词和其宾语从句的中间加形式宾语it;
如短语动词answer for（担保）、count on (期待)、depend on、insist on、see to(负责，确保)等后接that引导的宾语从句时，必须冠以形式宾语it。
I’ll see to it that everything is ready. 我将负责把一切准备好。
③介词后的宾语从句不能由if引导，而要用whether.
I’m counting on it that you will come.我期待着你的到来。
She’ll see to it that he goes ahead.她将确保他继续进行。
3. 作形容词的宾语
在某些形容词（如afra id“恐怕”，sure“确信”，certain“肯定”，confident“相信”等）作表语时，可接一个that引导的宾语从句（也有人认为是状语从句）：
I’m afraid (that) I have made a mistake.恐怕我犯了一个错误。
表语从句
表语从句放在连系动词（如be, seem, remain等）后：
The question is whether we should accept their invitation.
问题是我们是否应该接受他们的邀请。
1.when, where, why, because, how 等引导的从句作This is 和That is 的表语
时，表示具体的时间、地点、原因、方式等：
This is why we put off the meeting. 这就是我们推迟会议的原因。
This is why…＝＞This is the reason why…
This is where…＝＞This is the place where…
This is when…＝＞This is the time when…
This is how…＝＞Thi s is the way(that/in which)…
2．主语是reason时，表语从句常用that, 不用because;
The reason for his absence was that he was ill。
他缺席的原因是病了。
3．as, as if, because 有时也可引导表语从句；
Things were not as they seemed to be.
情况并不是看上去的那个样子。
It looks as if it is (或：were) going to rain.看起来天要下雨。
▲注意：as if引导的表语从句有时也可用虚拟语气，表示可能性小。
主语从句
主语从句在复合句中作句子的主语。引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether, 连接代词who, what which; 连接副词when, where, how, why等。
如：1) What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation.
2) Whether wild life can be well protected is of great importance.
3) Who will go makes no difference.
1.主语从句可以直接放在句首；也可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。
如：That light travels in straight lines in known to all.
It’s known to all that light travels in straight lines.
众所周知，光沿直线运行。
When we shall have our sports meet is still a question.
It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet. 我们什么时候开运动会仍然是个问题。
*注意：由that 引导的主语从句大多数要放到句末去。
由what …（所…的东西）引导的主语从句一般不用it 作形式主 语的结构：
误：It is a book what he wants.
正：What he wants is a book. 他要的东西是一本书。
由whether 及其它连词引导的主语从句放在句首或句子后部皆可。 由带主语从句的句子是疑问式，则须用it 作形式主语结构。 如：Has it been announced when the planes are to take off?
飞机什么时候起飞宣布了没有？
2．常见的用it 作形式主语的复合句结构： ①It is ＋名词＋that 从句
It is a fact (a shame, a pity, no wonder, good news …) ②It is ＋形容词＋that 从句
It is necessary (strange, important, wonderful, possible, likely,…) that … 这类主语从句中，谓语动词多数为“（should ）＋动词原形” ③It is ＋过去分词＋that 从句
It is said (reported, decided, …) that …
④It ＋不及物动词＋that 从句:It seems (happened, doesn’t matter, has turned out,…) that … △主语从句的连词that 虽不作成分，但亦不省略。 △whether 引导主语从句时，不用if 。 △单个从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
同 位 语 从 句
在主从复合句中，用作同位语的从句，叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词（如fact, idea, news, promise, hope, order, doubt, bet 等）的后面；用以说明或解释前面的名词，引导同位语从句的词有连词that, whether, 连接副词how, when, where, why 等。
如：1）We were very excited at the news that our team had won.
2）The fact that women can work as well as men is clear.
3）Henry Adams made a promise that he would not open it until 2 o’clock. 4）I have no idea when Chaplin’s film will be on again. △同位语从句的连词不可省略。
△同位语从句与其前面的名词之间是同位关系, 这一名词在从句中不充当任何成分。 △同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开。
如：The story goes that he killed the cruel king with an arrow.
同位语从句和定语从句的区别
①从意义上讲，前者对名词加以补充说明，后者对名词进行修饰和限定。 ②从结构上讲，前者由连接词引导，后者由关系词引导。
③从内涵上讲，前者所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系，后者所限定的名词是其逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
The news that they won the match is true. 他们比赛获胜的消息是真的。 [同位语从句，news 和从句没有逻辑关系]
The news that you told us yesterday is true.你昨天给我讲的消息是真的。 [定语从句，news 是told 的逻辑宾语]
The order when we should return hasn’t reached us.我们什么时候该返回的命令还未到。 [同位语从句,order 和从句没有逻辑关系]
The day when New China was founded will never be forgotten. 新中国成立的那天永远不会被忘记。 [定语从句，day 是founded 的逻辑状语]
④引导同位语从句的连接词不可省略，而引导定语从句的关系词作宾语时常可省略。
⑤同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词，而定语从句所修饰、限定的名词则没有限制。常见的带同位语从句的名词有news （消息），fact （事实），idea （主意），thought （想法），hope （希望），order （命令）等等。 判断下面从句的类型：
·The news that the bank was robbed yesterday evening is true. ·The news that he told us is very interesting.
·I have no idea when they will come to visit China again.
·I’ll never forget the days when we worked together on the farm. ·We don’t understand the problem why this is the best choice. ·The reason why he didn’t come to the meeting is that he is ill.
应用名词性从句应注意
1．注意名词性从句的语序及主、从句时态的一致。
名词性从句必须使用陈述语序（即助动词必须置于主语之后。） 例如：No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years.
Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who it is.
从句的时态受主句的时态制约（即当主句为过去时，宾语从句应使用相应的过去时态，表示客观真理时除外；当主句为现在时或将来时，宾语从句可根据从句的需要使用各种时态）。
例如：You can’t imagine how excited they were when they received these presents.
Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 2．注意几组引导词的用法区别。 what 与that 的用法区别
在名词性从句中，what 可用主语、宾语、表语或定语，意为“什么”或“所…的”。而that 仅起连接作用，本身没有实际意义，在从句中也不充 当 任何句子成分。
注意：that 只有在引导宾语从句时可以省略，引导主语从句、表语从句 或同位语从句时，一般不能省略。 例如：That they won the game was what we had expected.
What we can’t get seems better than what we have. The fact that our team lost the game surprised us all. whether 与if 的用法区别
在名词性从句中，whether 可引导各种从句。引导宾语从句时，一般两者可以互换。但在介词后或在or not 结构以及与不定式连用，常用whether ，不用if 代替。引导主语从句时，如果主语从句位于句首，if 不可代替whether 。但如果it 作形式主语，则whether 和if 均可引导主语从句。
例如：Whether we will attend the lecture hasn’t been decided.
It’s still uncertain whether/if he is coming.
3. 名词性从句的引导词中含疑问意义的词有who/ whom/ whose/ which/ what/ when/ where/ how/ why …引导名词性从句表示它们本身的疑问含义。
4.what, when, where, how/ why 等又可引导名词性从句，引导词本身无疑问含义。
what …的东西/事情/状况/样子what 一词(即引导名词性从句，又在名词性从句中充当主、表、宾或定语成分) what …＝the thing(the person …that) …
when, where, how, why 等多用于表语从句中
即This/That is when …＝This/That is the time when …
This/That is where…＝This/That is the place where…
This/That is how…＝This/That is the way…
This/That is why…＝This/That is the reason why…
5.what/ how 还可引导感叹句作名词性从句。
You can’t imagine what fantastic fun web chatting is.
规律一：名词性从句中须使用陈述语序！
规律二：下面情况只能用whether ：
（1）引导主语从句；（2）引导表语从句；（3）引导同位语从句；
（4）与or not连用(书)；（5）前面有介词;(6) 不定式前
规律三：（1） that : 无意义，不充当成分，且不能省略（除宾语从句外）。 and/ or/ but/ …并列连词引导的多个宾语从句中的that, 第一个可省略，第二个及以后的均不可省略。
（2） what ：有意义（“所…的，…的”），表示特指概念；充当成分（主、宾、表、定）；不可省略。
规律四：（1） what 类词(who/ which/ whom/ when/ where/ how): 有疑问意义，表示特指概念, 充当成分。
*（2） whatever类词 (whoever/ whichever/ whomever/ whenever/ wherever):有意义，“凡是…的，无论…的，所有…的”），无疑问意义，表示泛指概念；充当成分。相当于anyone who, anything that, any one that/ who, any time when, any place where.
规律五：（1） no matter what 类词(who/ which/ whom/ when/ where/ how): 只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句与whatever类词互换。
*（2） whatever类词 (whoever/ whichever/ whomever/ whenever/ wherever)(除however外):既可以引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句时，能与no matter what类词互换。
*（3） however只能引导让步状语从句。
规律六：若主句是现在或将来时,从句的时态根据实际，用所需要的时态(各种时态形式)，不受主句时态的限制。
规律七：（1）若主句是过去时,名词性从句的时态根据实际，用过去的某种时态形式，受主句时态的限制。（2）若主句是过去时, 名词性从句若是真理或客观事实，则从句时态仍用一般现在时态。
规律八：*（1）若主句动词是wish,名词性从句的时态必须用过去的某一种时态，不用现在的某种时态形式，也不用一般将来时。
（2）若主句为It is (high) time that…时，从句用一般过去时，或用
“should + 动词原形”。
（3）若主句为It is / has been 10 years since… ,则从句用一般过去时态。
（4）若主句为It is the first/ second time that…,则从句用现在完成时态。
规律九：去掉it is /was … that …后，下余内容所构成的句子成分完整时，该结构即为强调句型。
Ex1．选择填空：
1. You must find out ____ did all this.
A. who
B. how
C. that
D. why
2. ____ we’ll go for a picnic tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. What
B. If
C. That
D. Whether
3. An order came ___ Napoleon would come to inspect them.
A. what
B. that
C. when
D. who
4. He always plays and wastes his time. That is ___ he failed in the exam.
A. because
B. if
C. why
D. that
5. I found it strange ___ his hair was all gray.
A. which
B. that
C. why
D. how
6. He was never satisfied with ___ he had achieved.
A. that
B. whether
C. which
D. what
7. They have no idea at all ___.
A. where he has gone
B. he has gone where
C. has he gone where
D. where has he gone
8. ___ does wrong should be punished.
A. Who
B. Whomever
C. Whoever
D. Whom
9. Writing stories and articles is ___ I enjoy most.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. how
10. ___ is requested ___ every student should arrive before 7:30 a.m.
A. As; which
B. That; it
C. It; that
D. What; that
Ex2．2006-2009高考
1. Could I speak to _____ is in charge of International Sales, please?
A. who
B. what
C. whoever
D. whatever
2. It is obvious to the students ____ they should get well prepared for their future.
A. as
B. which
C. whether
D. that
3.--I wonder ___ you’ll water this kind of flower.
--Every other day.
A. how often
B. how long
C. how soon
D. how much
4.News came from the school office _____ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. where
5.She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do _____ it takes to save her life.
A. whichever
B. however
C. whatever
D. whoever
6.Many young people in the West are expected to leave _____ could be life’s most important decision ---
marriage --- almost entirely up to luck.
A. as
B. that
C. which
D. what
7. A good friend of mine from______ I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing.
A. how
B. whom
C. when
D. which
8.--Is there any possibility ________ you could pick me up at the airport?
---No problem.
A. when
B. that
C. whether
D. what
9.The fact has worried many scientists _____ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. though
10.It has been proved ____ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later
life.
A. if
B. because
C. when
D. that
11.The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.
A. where
B. how
C. when
D. why
12.People in Chongqing are proud of _______ they have achieved in the past ten years.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. how
13.Students are always interested in finding out _____ they can go with a new teacher.
A. how far
B. how soon
C. how often
D. how long
14.Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea_____ the party is to be held?
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
15._____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.
A. What
B. Why
C. Where
D. Which
16.The traditional view is _______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.
A. when
B. why
C. whether
D. that
17.He didn’t make _____ clear when and where the meeting would be held.
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. these
18.The poor young man is ready to accept ____ help he can get.
A. whichever
B. however
C. whatever
D. whenever
19.Having checked the doors were closed, and _______ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his
bedroom.
A. why
B. that
C. when
D. where
20._______ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.
A. That
B. Which
C. What
D. As
21.A warm thought suddenly came to me _____ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my
mother’s birthday.
A. if
B. when
C. that
D. which
22._______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.
A. As
B. That
C. This
D. It
23.We haven’t settled the question of _____ it is necessary for him to study abroad.
A. if
B. where
C. whether
D. that
24._____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
A. No matter what
B. No matter which
C. Whatever
D. Whichever
25.I don’t know _____.
A. who of them should I elect
B. who of them I should elect
C. which of them should I elect
D. which of them I should elect
26.Free tickets will be given to ____ comes first.
A. those who
B. whoever
C. anyone
D. no matter who
27.Our country is developing at an amazing speed, and this is _____ makes me feel so proud.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. why
28.There is no doubt ____ man is learning more and more about space.
A. whether
B. that
C. how
D. what
29.You may use your ATM card to pay for _____ you buy in Canada.
A. whether
B. whichever
C. whatever
D. that
30.______ puzzles the scientists how these creatures can survive in such severe conditions.
A. What
B. As
C. That
D. It
31.The network has broken down and I have no idea ____ it will be fixed.
A. that
B. when
C. what
D. why
32.The time was well spent discussing ________ we’ll need to do next time.
A. that
B. how
C. which
D. what
33.______leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone
B. Who
C. Whoever
D. The person
34.I have this heavy feeling in me ______ I might have made the wrong decision.
A. that
B. what
C. whether
D. which
35.Inside the White House, there is a room called the Oval Office. That’s _____ the president works.
A. why
B. when
C. what
D. where
36.______ you will be admitted to York University will be decided by the Admission Committee.
A. That
B. Whether
C. What
D. If
37.The reason _______ I plan to go is ________ she will be disappointed if I don’t.
A. why; that
B. that; because
C. which; because
D. why; for
38.These ancient Indians used to live in _______ is now a part of the United States.
A. where
B. that
C. what
D. which 39.We sell handmade gifts. ___________ gift you order from us is unique for the special person!
A. Which
B. That
C. Whichever
D. What
40. It is not immediately clear ___ the financial crisis will soon be over.
A. since
B. what
C. when
D. whether
41. ___ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.
A. It
B. This
C. What
D. As
42. ___ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.
A. Anyone
B. The one
C. Whoever
D. Who
43. ___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There
B. This
C. That
D. It
44. Engines are to machines ___ hearts are to animals.
A. as
B. that
C. what
D. which
45. See the flag on top of the building? That was ___ we did this morning.
A. when
B. which
C. where
D. what
46. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s ___ the best jobs are.
A. where
B. what
C. when
D. why
47. At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see__ it got any better.
A. when
B. how
C. why
D. if
48. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of ___ he can react more appropriately on such occasion.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. how
49. We should consider the students’ request ___ the school library provide more books on popular science.
A. that
B. when
C. which
D. where
50. … one day, he came up with an idea ___ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches …
A. that
B. when
C. what
D. which
Ex3.选择填空：2001---2005高考
1．I read about it in some book or other, does it matter it was?
A．where B．what C．how D．which
2．A computer can only do you have instructed it to do.
A．how B．after C．what D．when
3．What the doctors really doubt is my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A．when B．how C．whether D．why
4．Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the school-master he had done the day before.
A．that B．how C．where D．what
5．―I think it’s going to be a big problem.
―Yes, it could be.
―I wonder we can do about it.
A．if B．how C．what D．that
6．Perseverance is a kind of quality－and that’s it takes to do anything well.
A．what B．that C．which D．why
7．When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly he wants.
A．what B．which C．when D．that
8．―Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
―Oh, that’s .
A．what makes me feel excited B．whatever I feel excited about
C．how I feel about it D．when I feel excited
9．The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at I thought was a dangerous speed. A．as B．which C．what D．that
10．You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is I disagree.
A．why B．where C．what D．how
11．The shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was not enough.
A．where B．how C．what D．which
12．The way he did it was different we were used to.
A．in which B．in what C．from what D．from which
13．I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize
silly mistakes I had made.
A．what B．that C．how D．which
14. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer it was 20 years ago,
_____ poorly equipped.
A．what; when B．that; which C．what; which D．which; that
15．A modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago.
A．what B．which C．that D．where
16．I think Father would like to know I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.
A．which B．why C．what D．how
17．After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.
A．where B．what C．that D．how
18．Parents are taught to understand important education is to their children’s future.
A．that B．how C．such D．so
19．If the south had won the war, is now the United States might have been divided into several countries.
A．what B．where C．there D．that
20．I can’t understand is she wants to change her mind.
A．What, why B．Which, how C．That, why D．What, because
21．America is first called “India”by Columbus.
A．what B．where C．the place D．there where
22．It was a matter of would take the position.
A．who B．whoever C．whom D．whomever
23．―Did you hear the news this morning?
―Oh, yes, was announced on the radio has caused great excitement among the pupils.
A．that B．what C．something D．all what
24．do you think is the best doctor in the hospital?
A．Whom B．What C．Who D．Whose
25．is known to us all is that the earth is smaller than the sun.
A．What B．As C．Which D．It
26．Go and get your school bag, Tom, it’s you left it.
A．there B．where C．where there D．there where
27．This is our hometown lies.
A．in which B．where C．there D．which
28．Do you have any idea is actually going on in the classroom?
A．that B．what C．as D．which
29．Some researchers believe that there is no doubt a cure for AIDS will be found.
A．which B．that C．what D．whether 30．Danby left word with my secretary he would call again in the afternoon.
A．who B．that C．as D．which
31．As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when and see him.
A．you will come B．will you come C．you come D．do you come
32．Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and it is rough or smooth.
A．不填B．whether C．how D．what
33．The old lady’s hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor __ this shaking had begun half a year before, and , only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.
A．when; how B．how; when C．how; how D．why; why
34．The place the bridge is supposed to be built should be the cross－river traffic is the heaviest.
A．which ; where B．at which; which
C．at which; where D．which; in which
35．is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
A．Which B．When C．What D．As
36．The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand they insist on going by motorbike. A．why B．whether C．when D．how
37．A story goes Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.
A．when B．where C．what D．that
38．It was with great courage the boy told the truth he had stolen the money. A．which, that B．when, what C．as, that D．that, that
39．his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.
A．That B．Whether C．If D．Even if
40．He made a promise anyone set him free he would make him very rich.
A．that B．if C．what D．that if
41．They lost their way in the forest and made matters worse was night began to fall. A．what, that B．it, that C．what, when D．which, what
42．I have the information .
A．of what he’ll come soon B．that he’ll come soon
C．of that he’ll come soon D．his coming soon
43．It looked it was going to snow again.
A．as if B．even if C．if D．as
44．We don’t doubt he is suitable for the job.
A．whether B．that C．whether or not D．if
45．They mad a promise they would help us we had trouble.
A．which, when B．that, when C．that, in which D．when, that
46．I still remember the promise he made he would give me a gift for my birthday.
A．what, that B．that, that C．that, which D．which, which
47．I have no idea he will come back from work.
A．where B．that C．when D．which
48．We had no idea Li Hong didn’t come to school today.
A．that B．which C．why D．for which
名词性从句
名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句，统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中所起的语法作用，这类从句分别称为主语从句、 1.作动词的宾语 ①大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后： He doesn’t know where the post office is. 他不知道邮局在哪里。 ②有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语： He told me what I should read. 他已告诉我应该读些什么。 ③如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要使用形式宾语it，而将从句放到补足语后面： I thought it strange that he failed to call me. ④在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则不用否定形式，而将主句谓 语动词think等变为否定形式： I don’t think you are right. *⑤在think, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, hope 等动词以及I’m afraid等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可用not代替一个否定的宾语从句： E.g. --- Do you believe it will clear up? 你以为天气会转晴吗？ --- I believe so. 我认为会这样。 (--- I don’t believe so./I believe not.) 我认为不会这样。 －Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend? －. A．I don’t believe B．I don’t believe it C．I believe not so D．I believe not －Don’t you think Jack’s health has been ruined by over drinking? －Yes, he told me himself. A．the thing B．it C．so D．the fact 2. 作介词的宾语 ①that引导的宾语从句只有在except, in, but, besides等少数介词后偶尔可能用到： Your article is all right except that it is too long. 你的文章挺好，只是太长了。 Did she say anything about how we should do the work? 关于这工作我们该怎么做她说什么没有？ *②有时在介词和其宾语从句的中间加形式宾语it; 如短语动词answer for（担保）、count on (期待)、depend on、insist on、see to(负责，确保)等后接that引导的宾语从句时，必须冠以形式宾语it。 I’ll see to it that everything is ready. 我将负责把一切准备好。 ③介词后的宾语从句不能由if引导，而要用whether. I’m counting on it that you will come.我期待着你的到来。 She’ll see to it that he goes ahead.她将确保他继续进行。 3. 作形容词的宾语 在某些形容词（如afra id“恐怕”，sure“确信”，certain“肯定”，confident“相信”等）作表语时，可接一个that引导的宾语从句（也有人认为是状语从句）： I’m afraid (that) I have made a mistake.恐怕我犯了一个错误。 表语从句 表语从句放在连系动词（如be, seem, remain等）后： The question is whether we should accept their invitation. 问题是我们是否应该接受他们的邀请。 1.when, where, why, because, how 等引导的从句作This is 和That is 的表语 时，表示具体的时间、地点、原因、方式等： This is why we put off the meeting. 这就是我们推迟会议的原因。 This is why…＝＞This is the reason why… This is where…＝＞This is the place where… This is when…＝＞This is the time when… This is how…＝＞Thi s is the way(that/in which)… 2．主语是reason时，表语从句常用that, 不用because; The reason for his absence was that he was ill。 他缺席的原因是病了。 3．as, as if, because 有时也可引导表语从句； Things were not as they seemed to be. 情况并不是看上去的那个样子。 It looks as if it is (或：were) going to rain.看起来天要下雨。 ▲注意：as if引导的表语从句有时也可用虚拟语气，表示可能性小。 主语从句 主语从句在复合句中作句子的主语。引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether, 连接代词who, what which; 连接副词when, where, how, why等。 如：1) What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation. 2) Whether wild life can be well protected is of great importance. 3) Who will go makes no difference. 1.主语从句可以直接放在句首；也可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。 如：That light travels in straight lines in known to all. It’s known to all that light travels in straight lines. 众所周知，光沿直线运行。 When we shall have our sports meet is still a question.
英语名词性从句知识归纳
名词性从句知识归纳 名词性从句是指在句子中相当于名词的从句，主要包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句不是修饰性从句，而是复合句中的主干。 e.g. That the boy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother. （主语从句） I know that he is writing his composition in his room. （宾语从句） The question is how we can finish it on time. （表语从句） The fact that some Chinese are still poor is really a great problem. （同位语从句） 一、宾语从句---及物动词、介词、部分形容词（certain, sure, glad, afraid, frightened, happy, pleased, sad, sorry, surprised, upset, satisfied等）后 e.g. I believe (that) he is honest. (that不充当从句内的任何成分，一般情况可省略) I’m glad that you are satisfied with your job. (that不充当从句内的任何成分) He doesn’t care if/whether it isn’t a fine day. (if/whether不充当从句内的任何成分) Please tell me what you want. (what充当从句内的宾语) She always thinks of how she can work well. (how充当从句内的状语) I don’t believe whatever he said.(whatever充当从句内的宾语，意为“任何事”) I’ll take whoever wants to go. (whoever从当从句内的主语，意为“任何人”)【宾语从句要点拓展】1. that引导宾语从句时一般可以省略，若由and或or连接两个宾语从句时，第一个从句中的that可以省略，而第二个分句前的that不可省略。 e.g. He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 2. whether和if引导宾语从句一般可以互换使用，但以下情况只能使用whether
(英语)英语名词性从句专项
（英语）英语名词性从句专项 一、初中英语名词性从句 1．It matters little ______ a man dies, but _____ matters much is ______ he lives. A. how; what; how B. how; it; how C. why; it; why D. that; what; that 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：一个人如何死去并不重要，重要的是他如何生活。it为形式主语，how从句为真正的主语。What matters much （=the thing that matters much）。第一个how引导的是一个主语从句；it作形式主语；what引导的是主语从句；第二个how引导的是表语从句。故选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及主语从句和表语从句的应用。 2．While some behaviors may seem strange to you, remember you consider normal probably seems just as unusual to others. A. it; that B. what; that C. that; what D. which; that 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：虽然有些行为对你来说可能很奇怪，但请记住，你认为正常的行为对别人来说可能也不寻常。第一空为宾语从句，从句结构完整用that起连接作用，第二空为主语从句，从句中consider缺少宾语，应该用what，故选C。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的宾语从句和what引导的主语从句。 3．___ surprised me most was ____the girl passed the driver test. A. That; that B. What; how C. What; that D. That; why 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：最让我吃惊的是那个女孩通过了驾驶考试。___ surprised me most是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，故填what；____the girl passed the driver test 是一个表语从句，句中不缺少成分，故填that。因此选C。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句。4．_______ are playing an important part is well known to us all. A. That who B. Those who C. Who that D. Who 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查主语从句。句意：谁起着重要作用，这是众所周知的。主语从句缺少引导词，从句缺少主语，故选D。 5．Has it been announced ______? A. when are the planes to take off B. that are the planes to take off
【英语】英语名词性从句专题训练答案
【英语】英语名词性从句专题训练答案 一、初中英语名词性从句 1．______ will be in charge of the meeting has not been decided yet. A. What B. Which C. That D. Who 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：谁将负责这次会议还没有决定。______ will be in charge of the meeting是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指人，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及who引导的主语从句。 2．_______ are playing an important part is well known to us all. A. That who B. Those who C. Who that D. Who 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查主语从句。句意：谁起着重要作用，这是众所周知的。主语从句缺少引导词，从句缺少主语，故选D。 3．—Tell me something about your adventure in the rainforest, please. — We lost our way in the forest and ___ made matters worse was ___ night began to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. it; because D. what; because 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】考查名词性从句的连接词。第一空what作主语从句的主语；第二空为表语从句的that。 4．_______ you don't like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：你不喜欢他，跟我没有什么关系。you don't like him为主语从句，其内容已经是完整的，所以用that，且引导主语从句的that不能省略。 5．________ the weather will not clear up until next week is bad news for us. A. As B. If C. Whether D. That 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查主语从句。句意：直到下周天气才放晴，这对我们来说是坏消息。
3 第三讲 名词性从句
第三讲名词性从句 语法填空 【典题试做】 1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I’m not sure who is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. 3．( 全国卷Ⅱ )As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 语法填空对名词性从句的考查集中在引导词的选择上，其中what与that, how, if与whether是考查的重点。 短文改错 【典题试做】 1．(全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. that→where 2．(全国卷Ⅱ)After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. where→that或去掉where 1．从属连词与连接副词之间的错用； 2．连接代词(what, which和who等)之间的错用； 3．从属连词that与连接代词(尤其是what)之间的错用以及that与whether/if之间的错用； 4．从属连词that的缺失或多余。 主语从句 1．主语从句的引导词 引导词作用 that, whether, if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分，但一般不可省略。当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导，不用if
经典英语名词性从句
名词性从句在复合句中具有名词的性质的作主语、表语、同位语、宾语的从句叫名词性从句。因此，我们把主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句这四种从句统称为名词性从句。 主语从句(subject clauses)在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词、、关系代词、连接副词等。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether，关系代词：who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。 That you don’t like him is none of my business.你不喜欢她不管我的事。 What he said is true. 他说的是真的。 Do you remember how he arrived almost at the end of the party?你记得他几乎是在宴会快结束时才到的吗？ This party's really where it's at, man! 啊，这个晚会真棒！Tell us how you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule.告诉我们,你们是怎样提前完成这一艰巨任务的。 We have reason to believe that the fighting on the border may develop into a full-blown war. (喻)我们有理由相信边境上的冲突可能发展成一场全面战争。 He said that he would come. 他说他要来。
名词性从句
名词性从句1 名词性从句：在句子中起到一个名词的作用，并充当句子的主语、宾语、表语或同位语的从句。分别称之为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。了解并正确使用关联词是写好名词性从句的关键。判断依据： 1.看在从句中有无具体意义； 2.看在从句中有无充当成分。如有，是充当什么成分 常见的关联词：which, how, why, whenever, what, whether who, when, whom, whose, that，whatever, whoever, where, whomever, wherever，whichever，if，however 一、名词性从句的关联词的分类、词义和用法见下表： 二、从句中that和what的区别 连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，而what在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。表“…的东西/事情/样子/的话/的地方”，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语。主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。 1. I wonder if this is ______you are looking for. 2. Our school is quite different from _______ it was before. 3. Father made a promise ______ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer. I can’t understand is why he has changed his mind. earth is round is known to us all. 6. Is _____ he told us true 7. I have no doubt _____ he will come. 8. I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon. 三、who 与 whoever ；what 与 whatever whoever, whatever等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而who, what等引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义。
3.3名词性从句练习(一)
名词性从句练习（一） 一、单句语法填空 1．________ she was invited to the ball made her very happy． 2．Children should be reminded of ________ they should do in public places．3．Dick enjoys painting but he knows the fact ________ he doesn't have what it takes to be a professional． 4．Success partially depends on ________ you have the patience to do simple things perfectly． 5．I lost my cell phone yesterday．Can you tell me ________ I can buy one? 6．It never occurred to me ________ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind． 7．________ breaks the law will be punished． 8．She will give ________ needs help a warm support． 9．I have no idea ________ the girl is doing in her room now． 10．________ is well known to everyone, I should say, is that a man becomes learned by asking questions． 11．Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565． 12．It shocked the world ________ the United States withdrew from some major agreements it had been committed to, including the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change and the 2015 Iran Nuclear Deal． 13．I need help now! I have to fix a leaking pipe in my bathroom but I'm not sure ________ to begin． 14．Forty grams of meat per day is ________ people should consume in order to stay fit． 15．The famous player tried again and again after each failure．That's ________ he succeeded at last． 16．The retired engineer is showing ________ the wheelchair climbs stairs, which all the curious visitors want to know．
英语名词性从句
名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合 句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又 可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 概说引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether ,if （不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which 连接副词：when, where, how, why 以及由how 构成的词组如how many ,how much, how soon, how often ,how far ,how long, how tall ,how high等. 1,名词性that-从句 1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用， 在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、 表语、同位语。例如： 主语：That he is still alive is sheer(全然的) luck.他还活着全靠运气。 动词宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。 形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你对工作满意我感到很高兴。 介词宾语: I know nothing about him except that he is from the United States. 除了知道他是从美国来之外,我对他全无了解 表语：The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他。 同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently upsets everyone in his office. 近来谁也没有见过他，这一情况令办公室所有的人不安。 2 if, whether引导的名词性从句 1）yes-no型疑问从句,从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问 转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和that-从 句的功能相同。例如： 主语：Whether the plan is doable remains to be proved. 这一计划是否可行还有等证实。 宾语：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。 形容词宾语：She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她怀疑我们是否能够前来。 介词宾语：I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。 表语：The point is whether we should lend him the money.问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。 同位语：They are looking into the question whether the man is trustworthy. 他们调查他是否值得信赖。 2）选择性疑问从句 选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whether…or not构成。例如： Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish.请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。 ―第1页共13页―
名词性从句----绝对经典系列
名词性从句Noun Clauses 一.基础定义和连接词 1. 名词性从句：就是在句子中起名词作用的从句。 2. 名词性从句包括4种从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。从高考的考查的实际情况来看，名词性从句考得最多的是宾语从句，其次是主语从句，再次是表语从句，而同位语从句则很少考查。 ［判断］以下从句类型： 1) The truth is that I have been there.( ) 2) The fact that she was late surprised us.( ) 3) That he will come is certa in.( ) 4) I know that he will come.( ) 3. 名词性从句的连接词有： 从属连词(不做成分)：that (无意义)‘whether, if(是否)…. 连接代词(在从句中做主,宾，表，定):what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever 连接副词(在从句中做状语)：whe n, where, how , why 二.名词性从句位置和特点主语从句：1.可直接放在句首。 2. 主语较长时通常用It作形式主语，而将主语从句放在后面。 1) . ___ he knows Japaneses known to all. 2) . _____ surprised me was to see him here . 3) ________ he is comingdoesn' t matter much. 4) It remains a secret _____ they climbed up the mountain. 宾语从句：可做动词，介词和部分(表情感态度的)形容词词的宾语。 I want to know whe n we will start. Everyth ing depe nds on whether we have eno ugh time. I ' imfraid (that) I have made a mistake. 注意：如果宾语从句后面有宾补要使用it作形式宾语而将从句放到宾补后面。 常见的可以接it形式宾语的动词有：make, think, find, feel, consider等 He made it clear that he was determined to resign . I thought it strange that he didn ' t call me. 表语从句： 1. 位于系动词动词之后。常见此类系动词有be, look , seem,即pear等 It seems that she has known the truth. It looks as if it is going to rain. This school is no Ion ger what it was before. 2. 主语是reason时，表语从句常用that引导，不用because引导。
英语名词性从句知识归纳
英语名词性从句知识归纳 Prepared on 22 November 2020
名词性从句知识归纳 名词性从句是指在句子中相当于名词的从句，主要包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句不是修饰性从句，而是复合句中的主干。 . That the boy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother. （主语从句） I know that he is writing his composition in his room. （宾语从句） The question is how we can finish it on time. （表语从句） The fact that some Chinese are still poor is really a great problem. （同位语从句） 一、宾语从句---及物动词、介词、部分形容词（certain, sure, glad, afraid, frightened, happy, pleased, sad, sorry, surprised, upset, satisfied等）后. I believe (that) he is honest. (that不充当从句内的任何成分，一般情况可省略) I’m glad that you are satisfied with your job. (that不充当从句内的任何成分) He doesn’t care if/whether it isn’t a fine day. (if/whether不充当从句内的任何成分) Please tell me what you want. (what充当从句内的宾语)
【英语】 名词性从句英语期末复习(word)
【英语】名词性从句英语期末复习（word） 一、名词性从句 1．He took a trip to Beijing last week and ________ he saw at the Forbidden City impressed him deeply. A. that B. how C. what D. which 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：上周他到北京旅行了，他在故宫所看到的给他留下了深刻的印象。分析句子结构可知，连词and后为一个名词性从句，因此应该使用what引导，且what在从句中作主语，故选C。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。 2．________ is known to us all that the old scientist, for ________ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties. A. As; whose B. It; whose C. As; whom D. It; whom 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我们都知道，那位老科学家，过去生活很艰苦，到了八十多岁还在努力工作。第一空it is known to us all that…是个固定句型，意为“众所周知…”；第二空为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词the old scientist指人，作介词for的宾语，只能用whom，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句和定语从句，本题涉及固定句式it is known to us all that…和whom引导的限制性定语从句。 3．Located between the 16th and the 18th floor, ______ I call my “home” is more like a “bird's nest”. A. which B. that C. what D. where 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】考查主语从句。What引导主语从句______ I call my “home”且 What在从句中充当call的宾语。故选C。 4．____ made me more unhappy was ___ the boy asked my friend to be his girlfriend and she agreed. A. What; that B. That ; that C. What; whether D. It; that 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：让我更不高兴的是那个男孩要求我的朋友做他的女友，她同意了。第一空填what,它一方面在句子中引导主语从句,另一方面又在主语从句中作主语；第二空用that引导表语从句且从句中不缺成分,表示对前面情况的说明。故选A。 【点评】考查了名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句以及that引导的表语从句。
名词性从句的用法
名词性从句的用法（Noun Clauses） Step1: 名词性从句的种类为4种：（1）主语从句.（2）宾语从句.（3）表语从句.（4）同位语从句. 一. 主语从句的用法. 特点：相当于名词的功能，在复合句中作主句的主语. （一）由“that”引导的主语从句. 特点：（1）“that”没有实在意义.（2）不可省略.（3）后接完整的句子，共同作主语，谓语动词用单数. （4）也可用“it”作形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末. E g:That the earth goes round the sun is known to all of us. 主语系动词表语 译文：地球绕着太阳转是众所周知的. E g:It’s great that you got a scholarship 真正主语 译文：你拿了奖学金真是太好了. （二）由“whether”引导的主语从句. 特点：（1）“whether”有意义, 表示“是否”.（2）不可省略.（3）后接完整的句子，共同作主语，谓语动词用单数. （4）往往和“or not”连接. （5）也可用“it”作形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末. E g:Whether he will come or not is unknown 主语 译文：他来不来还不知道. E g:Whether he can help me or not doesn’t matter too much. 主语 =It doesn’t matter too much w hether he can help me or not 译文：他是否要帮助我关系不大/无关紧要. （三）由“特殊疑问词代词和疑问副词”引导的主语从句. 1，疑问代词“what”引导的主语从句 特点：（1）“what”有意义, 表示“什么”.（2）不可省略.（3）后接完整的句子，共同作主语，谓语动词用单数. （4）“what”在从句中作及物动词的宾语，或者在从句中作主语. E g:What I told you is between you and me. 主语 译文：我告诉你的是个秘密. E g:What’s important is that one strives to achieve a goal. 主语 译文：重要的是为达到目标而不懈努力. E g:What bothers me is that I have no time. 主语 译文：让我困扰的是我没有时间. 2，疑问代词“whatever”引导的主语从句 特点：（1）“whatever”有意义, 表示“无论什么”.（2）不可省略.（3）后接完整的句子，共同作主语，谓语动词用单数. （4）“whatever”在从句中作及物动词的宾语，或者在从句中作主语. E g:Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.
(英语)英语名词性从句试题经典
（英语）英语名词性从句试题经典 一、初中英语名词性从句 1．______ will be in charge of the meeting has not been decided yet. A. What B. Which C. That D. Who 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：谁将负责这次会议还没有决定。______ will be in charge of the meeting是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指人，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及who引导的主语从句。 2． is clear to the members of the committee is that the President will not give in to their demands. A. Who B. It C. As D. What 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：委员会成员清楚的是，总统不会向他们的要求让步。that the President will not give in to their demands.这个句子作表语； is clear to the members of the committee这是主语从句，这里缺少主语从句的连接词，并且连接词在句中作主语，it是代词，不是了；连接词，故排除B；as作主语时，是在定语从句中，故排除C；who指人，根据表语指的事情，不是人，故排除A；what在主语从句中可以作主语或宾语，指事，符合句意，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。 3．Has it been announced ______? A. when are the planes to take off B. that are the planes to take off C. where are the planes to take off D. when the planes are to take off 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意: 飞机什么时候起飞已经宣布了吗？此处是when引导的主语从句，且要用陈述句语序，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，it作形式主语，关系副词when引导的从句作真正的主语。 4．In the past decade, our education system too much on grades. However, grades have a direct connection with future success is still a question. A. focused; whether B. focused; if C. has focused; whether D. has focused; if 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】考查时态和主语从句。根据In the past decade,在最近的几十年里，可知句子用现在完成时态，our education system是句子的主语，单数形式，所以第一空填has focused；第二空是主语从句做主语，if是否，不能引导主语从句，所以第二空填whether。故选C。
三大从句之三----名词性从句
?名词性从句？ ? 1. 定义？ ? 2. 分类？ ? 3. 本质？ ? ? 1.定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）。 ?名词在句子中作什么成分？ ? 1. 主语 ? 2. 宾语 ? 3. 表语 ? 4. 同位语 ? ? 2.分类： ?句子 ? 1. 主语--- 主语从句 ? 2. 宾语--- 宾语从句 ? 3. 表语--- 表语从句 ? 4. 同位语--- 同位语从句 ? ? 3.本质 ?三种句子充当四种成分 ? ?三种句子如何充当四种成分的？ ? ?罗伯特矮是真的 ?Robert is short is true. ?一个简单句只有一个谓语。 ?That Robert is short is true. ?主语从句 ?That Robert is short is true. 头重脚轻 ?It is true that Robert is short . ? ?主语从句常见结构 A. It is +形容词+that 从句 （clear, possible, likely, natural, certain, fortunate, necessary, strange…
B. It is +名词（短语）+that 从句 （a pity, a shame, an honor, a good idea, a miracle…） C. It is +过去分词+that 从句 （found, believed, reported, thought… ?Exam link ?Furthermore, it is obvious that strength of a country’s econ omy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds. ?2000年考研翻译 ?翻译练习 ?It is true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? ?20006年考研阅读text 5 ? ? 1.陈述句充当四种成分 (句首加that) ? 1.1.主语：That Robert is short is true. ? 1.2.宾语: I know that Robert is short. ? 1.3.表语: The fact is that Robert is short. ? 1.4.同位语: ?I know the fact that Robert is short . ? ?2一般疑问句充当四种成分 ?我想知道罗伯特矮不矮。 ?I want to know is Robert short. ?一般疑问句--- Yes/No question ?是否 ?whether/if ?I want to know whether/if is Robert short. ?I want to know whether/if Robert is short. ? 2.一般疑问句充当四种成分 ? a.用whether或if引导。 ? b.一般疑问句语序变成陈述语序。 ? 2.1.一般疑问句充当主语 ?Robert矮不矮不重要。 ?Whether Robert is short or not is not important. ? 2.2.一般疑问句充当宾语 ?我不知道Robert矮不矮。 ?I don’t know whether/if Robert is short. ? 2.3.一般疑问句充当表语 ?我的问题是他矮不矮。 ?My question is whether Robert is short or not.