人教版新课标选修7第二单元精讲讲义(附练习答案)讲课讲稿
人教版新课标选修7第二单元精讲讲义(附
练习答案)
选修7第2单元
Ⅰ. 要点导读
1. Do you think it is possible for a robot to have its own needs and desires? (P10)
desire (1) n. [C]“欲望”，后常跟for或动词不定式。eg: He has a strong desire for power.
[C]&[U]“渴望；渴求”eg: He has a desire to study law in Britain.
They had little desire to become rich.
(2) v. 但不可用于进行时，后面跟名词或代词、不定式或从句，跟从句时句中要用虚拟语气。
eg: We all desire happiness and health.
Mr. White greatly desired to go to Paris.
She desires that you (should) come.
2. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED (P11)
satisfaction n. [U]“满足；满意” eg: She gets much satisfaction from her work.
[C]“令人满意的事”eg: His success at school has been a great satisfaction to his parents.
satisfy vt.“使满意”，不可用于进行时。eg: Nothing satisfies her— she is always complaining.
satisfying, satisfactory与 satisfied的区别：这三个形容词均可作定语、表语或补语。
satisfying和 satisfactory都表示“令人满意的”，两者可换用。当用作表语或定语时，句中的主语或所修饰的名词一般是表示事物的名词。eg: He had a satisfying experience when he was in Tibet.
The student gave a satisfactory answer to the question.
satisfied“满意的”，当用作表语或定语时，句中的主语或所修饰的名词一般是表示人的名词。此外，它还可以修饰表示人的表情的名词。eg: She’s never satisfied with what she’s got.
There was a satisfied smile on his face.
3. ...especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks, … (P11)
absent (1) adj.“缺席的；不在的”，be absent from“缺席；不在”eg: As we all know, she has always been absent from class recently.
“心不在焉的”eg: He had an absent look on his face.
(2) v. “缺席；不参加”absent oneself from sth eg: He had absented himself from the office for the day.
4. However, when she first saw the robot, she felt alarmed. (P11)
alarmed adj.“担心；害怕”eg: She was alarmed at the strange animal.
alarm n.“惊恐的情绪”eg: He jumped up in alarm.
“警报”eg: The three of us saw the smoke from the house and gave the alarm.
5. She felt embarrassed and quickly told him to go. (P11)
embarrassed adj.“尴尬的”， be / feel embarrassed about / at sth
eg: I felt embarrassed about / at his comments about my hair style.
She felt embarrassed about / at her being punished in public.
embarrass v.“使尴尬；使难为情” eg: He hoped that this request would not embarrass her.
embarrassment n.“困窘；难堪”eg: To my embarrassment, Tom, my best friend, cheated me.
embarrassing adj.“令人难堪的；让人不安的”
eg: When he talked about the embarrassing issue, she felt embarrassed and went away.
6. As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of items for her. (P11)
accompany v.“陪伴”eg: At last, she accompanied me to the doctor’s keeping on comforting me.
“伴奏”eg: The well-known singer sang and her husband accompanied her on the piano.
company n.“有人作伴；伙伴”， keep sb company“陪伴某人”
eg: Unluckily, I had no company on the journey abroad.
It was the third time that I had kept the patient company.
company“公司；剧团”eg: He had been a leading member of a touring company.
7. … and then heard him declare that he didn’t want to leave her the next day … (P12)
declare v.“表明” eg: I declared at the meeting that if he did it like that I would not support him.
“宣告；声明”eg: The court declared that the strike action was illegal.
8. It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife, Claire. (P11)
test out “检验”eg: This new medicine is still in the process of being tested out.
“考验”eg: The soldiers will be tested out under the stress of war.
test for“检验；化验”eg: The water is regularly tested for purity.
test on“测试；试验”eg: Do you think it right that drugs should be tested on animals?
9. …she rang Tony up and told the salesman to speak to him. (P11)
ring … up“打电话给……”eg: She rang me up yesterday to invite me to her party.
Why not ring him up to make an appointment?
ring back“回电话”
ring off“挂断电话”eg: Only when I rang off, did I realize that I forgot to tell him my name.
ring out“发出响声”eg: A shot rang out in the night.
ring through to“给……打通电话”eg: It was not until 12 o’clock that he could ring through to the manager of the company.
10. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. (P11)
turn around“转过身来”
“(使企业、经济等)好转eg: If the local economy turns around, it is then possible to sell the property at a profit. turn up“出现；调高”eg: We arranged to meet at 8 o’clock, but he didn’t turn up.
turn down“关小；拒绝”eg: He tried to join the army but was turned down because of his poor health.
turn out“生产；结果是”eg: The beautiful lady turned out to be a thief.
turn to“向……求助”eg: She has nobody she can turn to.
turn in“归还；上交”；turn over“翻转；翻滚”
11. She shouted “Leave me alone” and ran to her bed. (P12)
leave … alone“不管；别惹；别碰”eg: Leave my personal affairs alone, will you>
“让……一个人呆着”eg: Are you going to leave me alone?
leave behind“遗留；把……抛在后面”eg: Take care not to leave anything behind.
leave out“漏掉；删掉”eg: I am considering whose name is left out.
12. What a sweet victory to be envied by those women! (P12)
envy (1) v.“妒嫉；羡慕”，后可跟名词、代词和动词-ing形式。 eg: I have never envied your success.
I really envied you having such a beautiful dress.
(2) n.“妒嫉；羡慕”；envy at / of sth“妒嫉 / 羡慕某物”；green with envy“非常妒嫉；非常眼红”
envy of sb“妒嫉 / 羡慕某人”eg: It is really hard for him to control his envy of Danny.
the envy of sb“妒嫉 / 羡慕的对象、东西”eg: His new cell phone was the envy of his friends.
envious adj.“妒嫉的；羡慕的”； be envious of sb / sth“妒嫉 / 羡慕某人 / 某物”
eg: She was envious of her sister’s ability of dealing with problems.
enviable adj.“令人羡慕的；引起妒嫉的”eg: This island has an enviable mild climate.
13. Arobot must obey the orders given to it by human beings (as long as human beings are not injured). (P18)
obey vt. “遵守”eg: It is necessary for everyone to obey the laws.
obedience n. “遵守”eg: The girl showed great obedience all through the party.
obedient adj. “遵守的”eg: The naughty boy was only obedient to his teacher’s words.
14. So set aside some time each day to write, even if it is only five minutes. (P18)
set aside“节省或保留(时间或钱)”eg: She sets aside half an hour every day to take exercise.
He has set aside enough money to buy a computer.
“暂时不考虑；放在一边”eg: Let’s set aside our personal feelings at the moment.
The teacher set aside the papers he was marking and reached for his cigarettes and matches.
set down“写下；记下”eg: He set down all his important thoughts in his diary.
set free“释放”eg: Someone set the prisoners free by cutting through the bars.
set off“动身；出发”eg: We’ll set off early tomorrow morning.
set up“建立；成立”eg: The government has set up a school for the children of the local peasant workers.
set out“打算；开始” eg: He set out to write a book about the life of the local people.
选词填空
1. The little girl was to look down from the top of the tall building.
2. It’s to think the earthquake could break out again.
3. I watched him go away until he from sight in the distance.
4. We are all very about Mary’s success in her scholarship exam.
5. Playing with water can keep children for hours.
6. When she heard the news that she didn’t pass the exam, she had a(n) expressing on her face.
Ⅱ. 热点语法：动词不定式的被动式
当不定式与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，要用不定式的被动式；可分为一般式和完成式。
1、一般式：具体表现形式是to be done，表示动词不定式的动作发生在主要谓语动词之后。
eg: The students want to be sent to work in the countryside.
The book is said to be published soon.
2、完成式：具体表现形式是to have been done，表示不定式的动作发生在主要谓语动词之前。
eg: He was pleased to have been invited to the ball.
The book is said to have been translated into many languages.
注意：不用被动式的几种情况：
1、不定式与它前面所修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但是又和该句的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用
主动形式。eg: The travelers had nothing to eat that day.
Would you bring me some paper to write on?
2、不定式用在形容词后作状语，和句中的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，多用不定式的主动形式。
eg: This text is easy (for us) to recite.
John is difficult (for you) to deal with.
That box is too heavy (for me) to lift.
3、在There be + 名词 + to do结构中，不定式和句中的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，如果强调的是必须有人完成某件事时，
不定式多用主动形式；如果强调的是事情本身必须被完成时，则用被动式。
eg: There are many pigs to feed.
Are there any more letters to be posted?
语法聚焦
1. “Teahouse”, a classic play written by Laoshe, by some famous stars in the United States next year.
A. will perform
B. performed
C. is performed
D. will be performed
2. Some rescue teams after New Orleans by hurricane.
A. set up; hit
B. were set up; to hit
C. were set up; was hit
D. were setting up; was hitting
3. The judge insisted that the thief to death.
A. should sentence
B. was sentenced
C. be sentenced
D. sentenced
4. As in the newspapers, about 150,000 people lived in American Red Cross shelters as hurricane Rita threatened the Gulf Coast over
the weekend.