2019-2020学年 上海市上师大附中高一上英语周练英语试卷
2019-2020学年第一学期上大附中高一英语
9月周日小测
Ⅰ. Grammar
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Last August Susan and forty-two other students got wet and dirty while removing six tons of garbage __21__ the rive running across their city. They cleaned up the rive as part of a week-long environmental camp. Like one in three American rives, this river is so polluted __22__ it’s not safe for swimming or fishing. Still, Susan, who __23__ (complete) her third summer camp so far on the river cleanup, sees a change in this river. “Since we started three years ago, the river is getting a lot __24__ (clean).” she says. Environmental scientists praise the teenagers for removing garbage __25__ can harm wild life. Water birds, for example, __26__ die of plastic bottle rings and get cut by tiny metals. Three years ago, __27__ the cleanup started, garbage was everywhere. But this year the teenagers can row their boats fast. By the end of this year’s six-hour cleanup, they __28__ (remove) enough garbage to fill more than two large trucks. “__29__ (see) all that garbage in the rive makes people begin to care about environmental issues,” Susan says. She hopes that when others read that, she and her peers care enough __30__ (clean) it up, maybe they would think twice before they throw garbage into the river.
Ⅱ. Vocabulary
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
1 / 10
A. surprisingly
B. focuses
C. clues
D. leadership
E. helpful
F. recognized
G. attentiveness
H. considered
I. non-verbal
J. fully
K. behaviors
Body language refers to various forms of non-verbal communication, which in a person may reveal（透露）clues as to some unspoken intention or feeling through their physical behaviors. These __31__ an include gestures, facial expression, and eye movements. Body language can also vary（不同）depending on the culture. There are a set of commonly __32__ gestures but many are influenced by our social settings. Although this article __33__ on interpretations（解释）of human body language, also animals use body language as a communication mechanism（机制）. Body language is typically subconscious（潜意识的）behavior, and is therefore __34__ to be different from sign language, which is a __35__ conscious（有意识的）and intentional（故意的）act of communication.
Body language may provide __36__ as to the attitude or state of mind of a person. For example, it may indicate aggression, __37__, boredom, a relaxed state, pleasure and amusement. However, the value of body language in recognizing cheat has been called into question.
Body language is very important to communication ad relationships. It is relevant（相关的）to management and __38__ in business and also in places where it can be observed by many people. It can also be relevant to some outside of the workplace. It is commonly __39__ in dating, in family settings, and parenting. Although body language is __40__ or non-spoken, it can reveal much about your feelings and meaning to others and how others reveal their feelings toward you. Body language signals happen on both a conscious and subconscious level.
Ⅲ. Cloze
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
2 / 10
It is natural that young people are often uncomfortable when they are with their parents. They say that their parents don’t __41__ them. They often think that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are too __42__ and too strict with their children; and they seldom give their children a __43__ hand. It is true that parents often find it difficult to win their children’s trust and they tend to forget how they themselves felt when __44__.
For example, young people like to act on the spot without much thinking. It is one of their ways to __45__ that they have grown up and they can face any difficult situation. Older people worry more easily. Most of them plan things ahead, at least in the back of their minds, and do not like their plans to be upset by something __46__.
When you want your parents to let you do something, you will be more __47__ if you ask for their permission before you really start doing it.
Young people often make their parents angry at their __48__ in clothes, in entertainment and music. But they do not mean to __49__; it is just that they feel cut off from the older people’s world, into which they have not yet been __50__. That’s why young people want to make a new culture of their own. And if their parents do not like music or entertainment or clothiers or their way of speech, this will make the young people extremely happy.
Sometimes you are so __51__ yourself that you do not want your parents to say “yes” to what you do. All you want is to be left alone and do what you like. It is __52__ enough, after being a child for so many years, when you where __53__ under your parents’ control.
If you plan to control your __54__, you’d better win your parents over and try to get them to understand you. If your parents see that you have a high sense of __55__, they will certainly give you the right to do what you want to do.
41. A. protect B. spare C. understand D. guide
42. A. serious B. humorous C. kind D. honest
43. A. helpful B. free C. usual D. real
3 / 10
44. A. angry B. busy C. tired D. young
45. A. show B. say C. complain D. deny
46. A. uninterrupted B. unavoidable C. unexpected D. unrespectable
47. A. dissatisfied B. successful C. uncomfortable D. energetic
48. A. designs B. knowledge C. scenes D. choices
49. A. cause any trouble B. make fun
C. keep their words
D. show respect
50. A. separated B. protected C. prevented D. accepted
51. A. grateful to B. proud of C. strict with D. sorry about
52. A. strange B. funny C. confusing D. natural
53. A. necessarily B. completely C. seriously D. frequently
54. A. speed B. life C. study D. work
55. A. arrangement B. responsibility C. regulation D. importance
( B )
Here is some must-know information from a handbook on how people behave in doing business in some countries.
In Brazil
Brazilians are warm and friendly. They often stand close when talking and it is common for them to touch the person on the shoulder. People often greet each other (particularly women) with light check kisses. Schedules tend to be flexible, with business meetings sometimes starting later than planned. But to be safe, be on time. Meals can stretch for hours -- there’s no such thing as rushing a meal in Brazil Lunches also can start in the mid to late afternoon Brazilians are social,
4 / 10
preferring face-to-face communication over mails or phone calls.
In Singapore
Singaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with a small, polite bow. Business cards should be offered and received with two hands. Arriving late is considered disrespectful. So be on time. Efficiency（效率）is the goal, so meetings and dealings often are fast-paced. Singaporeans are direct in their discussions, even when the subject is about money. Rank is important and authority is respected. This determines both people react in meetings. For example, people avoid disagreeing outright with someone with a higher rank.
In the United Arab Emirates
In the UAE, status（地位）is important, so the most senior or oldest should be greeted first with their titles. The handshake seems to be longer than elsewhere. So, do not pull away the handshake. Women should cover themselves when it comes to dress. Men also tend to be covered from neck to elbows（肘部）and down to the knees. People do not avoid entertaining in their homes, but they also hold business meals at restaurants. Touching or passing food or eating with your left hand is to be avoided. When meetings are one-to-one, if your host offers you coffee, you should refuse. It might seem odd, but it is a cultural tradition. Coffee should only be accepted if it is always set out or presented.
In Switzerland
The Swiss tend to be formal and address each other by last name. They also are respectful of private lives. You should be careful not to ask about personal topics. Punctuality（守时）is vital, something that comes from a deep respect for others’ time. Arrive at any meeting or event a few minutes early to be safe. They also have clear structure in their companies. Higher-ups make the final decisions, even if others might disagree. Neat, clean dress is expected. The Swiss follow formal table manners. they also keep their hands visible at the table and their elbows off the table. It is polite to finish the food on your plate.
59. The passage is mainly about _______.
5 / 10
A. communication types
B. the workplace atmosphere
C. customs and social manners
D. living conditions and standards
60. Why do Singaporeans avoid arguing with their boss?
A. They put efficiency in the fist place.
B. They dislike face-to-face communication.
C. They want to finish meeting as quickly as possible.
D. They are supposed to obey the person of a higher rank.
61. In the UAE, when should you refuse the coffee if it is offered?
A. When greeting seniors.
B. When meeting the host alone.
C. When attending a presentation
D. When dining with business partners.
62. In which country do people care about where to put their hands at the dinner table?
A. In Brazil.
B. In Singapore.
C. In the United Arab Emirate.
D. In Switzerland.
(C)
HAPPY to help or too selfish to share - some scientists wonder whether generosity（慷慨大方）lies in our upbringing or in our genes（基因）.
In a social science experiment carried out in an Israeli children’s playroom, 136 children aged 3 and 4 years old were given six sets of colorful stickers. They were told: “ You can keep all of the stickers, or you can give some to another child you don’t know. He doesn’t have any stickers,” Researchers then asked the children to step into the playroom one at a time and watched how they behaved.
About two thirds of the children chose to give one or more sets of stickers to an unknown
6 / 10
child. The others refused to share. Researchers found that many of this second group of children had something in common: a variation（变异）in a gene known as AVPRIA. This gene is supposed to control a chemical in the brain responsible for social behavior. The genetic variant（变体）of this gene can make people a lot less willing to share.
This study was published last month in the online scientific journal PLoS One. It suggested that children can be selfish-less and genetics may play a role.
But social scientists point out environmental influences from home, school and the wider world may play a larger role in creating good or bad habits. Studies using brain scans have shown that when someone is being generous or is described as generous, his or her brain will give off a kind of chemical. This chemical is linked to positive feelings. “If (parents) tell a kid he is a generous person, he is more likely to act generously again than if they buy him a toy,” said Nancy Eisenberg, an Arizona State University psychology professor, to The Wall Street Journal.
Social scientists also say that as people grow up and develop stronger ideas of morality （道德）and fairness, their generosity will increase.
Referring to the Israeli study, Emmanuel College psychologist Joyce Benenson says to the Wall Street Journal, that even at 3 or 4 years old, “If you’ve got six packs of something, you know that giving away one isn’t really changing what you have.” Of the 136 children in the Israeli study, the largest group gave away one ticker; the second largest group gave away none. Only twenty-two children gave away more than one sticker.
63. According to the article, the experiment_______.
A. studied more than 100 children aged between 13 and 14
B. gathered all the children in a room to watch their behavior
C. found that one-third of the children were unwilling to share
D. asked the children to share stickers with their friends
7 / 10
64. What was newly discovered by the experiment?
A. A variation of a gene can influence people’s social behavior.
B. More than half of the kids were considered to be selfish.
C. Generous behavior can make a child feel good.
D. Children are less generous than adults expect.
65. What can we conclude from the article?
A. Genes play a major role in deciding whether people are generous.
B. As children grow, economical responsibility can stop them from sharing with others.
C. Both genes and social environment influence whether people are generous.
D. Parents could try giving toys to kids to encourage them to be generous.
66. Who might be more generous according to the article?
A. Those with an AVPRIA gene.
B. Those growing up in rich families.
C. These who receive college education.
D. Those growing up in a sharing environment.
(D)
Directions: Read the following passages. Filling each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentences can be used only once. Note there are two more sentences than you need.
A. But there’s no need for embarrassment（尴尬）
B. If you want proof（证据）, turn on the sports channel.
8 / 10
C. However, when we grow older, we keep this system inside.
D. This behavior can improve our performance on some certain tasks.
E. Conducting a dialogue with ourselves might turn out to be one of the keys to human creativity.
F. Psychologists call this kind of behavior as private speech -- language that is spoken out loud but directed at the speaker himself
Talking to yourself may seem a little shameful. If you’ve ever been overheard criticizing yourself for a foolish mistake or practicing a tricky speech, you’ll know the social problems it can cause. According to the well-known saying, talking to yourself is the first sign of madness（疯）.
____67____ Talking to ourselves, whether out loud or silently in our heads, is a valuable tool for thought. Far from being a sign of foolishness and madness, self-talk allows us to plan what we are going to do, manage our activities, control our emotions and even create a narrative（叙事）of our experience.
For example, take a trip to any kindergarten and watch a small child playing with her toys. You are very likely to her here talking to herself: offering herself directions and giving voice to her failure. __68__ We do a lot of it when we are young as a matter of fact.
As children, according to the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky, we use private speech to control our actions in the same way that we use public speech to control the behavior of others, ____69____
Psychological experiments have shown that the distancing effect of our words can give us a valuable perspective on our actions. One recent study suggested that self-talk is most effective when we address ourselves in the second person: as “you” rather than “I”.
We internalize the private speech we use as children -- but we never entirely put away the out-loud version. __70__ You’re sure to see an athlete or two shouting or scolding themselves after poor performance.
9 / 10
Both kinds of self-talk seem to bring a range of benefits to our thinking. Those words to the self, spoken silently or aloud, are so much more than lazy talk.
答案：
I. Grammar
21. from 22. that 23. has completed 24. cleaner 25. that/ which
26. can 27. when 28. have removed 29. Seeing 30. to clean
II. Vocabulary
31. K 32. F 33. B 34. H 35. J 36. C 37. G 38. D 39. E 40. I
III. Choice
41-45 CABDA 46-50 CBDAD 51-55 BDBBB
IV. Reading
59. C 60. D 61. B 62. D
63. C 64. A 65. C 66. D
67. A 68. F 69. C 70. B
10 / 10