定语从句导学案

定语从句导学案

定语从句

一、定义及相关术语

She is an English teacher (who likes singing songs . )先行词关系词/引导词 1.指代先行词teacher； 2.在从句中充当成分主语。

1.定语从句：一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或者代词之后，以补充说明该名词并使其具体化。相当于形容词，翻译成“的”。

2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

3.关系词：引导定语从句的词。

关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句； B.代替先行词；

C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。关系代词：which、that、who、whom、 whose 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语关系副词：when、where、why 二、关系代词关系代词 that which who whom whose 指代人/物物人人人/物在从句中作什么成分主/宾/表主/宾/表主/宾/表宾定语【练一练】用正确的关系代词填空。

1. The eggs _____________ were in the basket were not fresh.

2. The friend ____________ came to supper last

night wasn’t hungry. 3. The noodles ___________ you cooked were delicious. 4. I have a room __________ window faces south. 5. The girl _______________ I met is Lucy.

【注意】 that 与which 的区别

先行词指物时，引导词只用that不用which的四种情况：

1. 先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词或不定代词any, some, no, much, few, little, every ,all 等修饰时。

2. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。

3. 先行词中既有人又有物时。

4. 先行词被the very, the only 修饰时。

先行词指物时，引导词只用 which 不用that 的两种情况： 1. 介词后。

2. 非限制性定语从句中。【练一练】

1. They had nothing ________ could cure of his disease.

2. This is the most impressive film _______ has ever been put on.

3. We have to consider the first thing ______ starts our work.

4. 5. 6. 7. That is the only way ______ leads to

your success.

They talked of things and persons _______ they remembered in the school. The sun heats the earth,_______ makes it possible for plans to grow. The world in_______ we live is made of water.

关系副词 When Where Why 先行词表时间的名词表地点的名词一般为reason 功能时间状语地点状语原因状语三、关系副词【练一练】

1. This is the school ________ my father worked thirty years ago.

2. The reason ________ he was late was that he missed the bus .

3. I remember the day ________our band was formed. 如何选择正确的关系词：

___________________________________________________ ____________________________复习巩固：关系代词与关系副词的区别：

I will never forget the days ________ we climbed the mountain together. I will never forget the days ________ we spent together. We visited the houses _________Lu Xun used to live. We visited the houses _________Lu Xun used to live in. This is the reason _________ why he was unhappy. This is the reason

_________he explained to me.

四、介词+关系代词

确定介词三原则：一先、二动、三意义

1. I still remember the day on which I first got to Paris.

I will never forget the day on which I joined the army. 2. He gave me some novels with which I am not very familiar. He is the student from whom we should learn a lot. 3. Air , without which man can’t live ,is really important.

The film during which I fell asleep was very boring.

练习： never forget the year __________ I went to college.

2. Do you know the boy ___________ your mother is talking pen ___________he is writing now was bought yesterday.

are many beautiful overcoats, _________ I like the blue one best. Whose 的用法

表所属关系 whose+名词=the+名词+of which/whom =of which/whom + the + 名词They live in a house ,____________________face south. = They live in a house, ____________________face south. =They live in