一般现在时态与一般过去时态结构及用法

一般现在时态与一般过去时态结构及用法
一般现在时态与一般过去时态结构及用法

一般现在时态与一般过去时态结构及用法

1

一般现在时

标志:动词原形

1. 表示经常性或习惯性动作,常与表频度的时间状语连用:

She often speaks English.

I leave home for school at 7 every morning.

2. 表示现在的状态、特征、职业、能力、感觉等:

He seems to feel a bit down today.

He works as a driver.

3. 表示真理、客观存在、科学事实或用于格言警句中:Shanghai lies in the east of China.

Columbus proved that the earth is round.

Where there is a will, there is a way.

4. 表示现在瞬间的动作:

Here comes the bus!

5. 表示将来

1) 表按规定、计划、安排将要发生的动作(仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的趋向动词),可以与表示未来的时间状语搭配使用。常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通状况。如:

The next train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon.

How often does the shuttle bus run?

2) 在时间和条件状语从句中常使用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情:

When Bill comes (不用will come), ask him to wait for me.

I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy.

2

一般过去时

标志:动词过去式

*闭音节:元音字母a, e, i, o, u如果发字母本来的音则称为开音节,否则称为闭音节。

1. 表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示过去的时间状语连用(e.g. yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when …, in the past等)。如:Jim rang you just now.

Liu Ying was in America last year.

2. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,特别是used to do表达的句型,本身表示的就是过去常常。如:

When I was a kid, I often played football in the street.

She used to visit her mother once a week.

*注意区分sb. used to do sth.(某人过去常常做某事,此处to是动词不定式标志符号)和sb. be used to sth./doing sth.(某人习惯于某物/做某事,此处to是介词)。

3. 代替一般现在时,表示一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。此用法仅适用于少数动词(如want, hope, wonder, think, intend等)及情态动词could, would。如:

I wondered if you could have a word with me.

I hoped you could help me with my English.

Would you mind my sitting here?

4. 虚拟语气中用一般过去时表示现在或将来时间的动作或状态。常用句型有:It is time that sb. did sth. “某人该做某事了”

would rather sb. did sth. “宁愿某人做某事”

过去完成时态用法小结

过去完成时态的用法小结 默认分类2009-12-27 12:54:52 阅读281 评论0 字号:大中小订阅 一、过去完成时适用场合 1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示,也可以暗含在上下文中。 I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。 The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。 By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。 2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去,常与for,since等词连用。如: He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年,去年退役了。 He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。 He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前,已学了八年英语。 3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中,先发生的事放在后面叙述时,要用过去完成时。如: Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 汤姆乘飞机回家,他的父亲却已经去世了。4. 过去完成时也用于hardly...when..., no sooner...than..., It was the first time + that分句等一些固定句型中。 He had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about him. 他刚离开房间,他们就议论起他来。 We had hardly begun when we were told to stop. 我们刚开始就被叫停。 It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune.他用这样的语调跟我讲话,这是第一次。 二、过去完成时与一般过去时的比较 1. 当一个由before, after, as soon as 等连词引导的从句所表示的动作和主句的动作紧接着发生时,两个动作均可用一般过去时来表示。 We had breakfast after we did morning exercises. 做完早操后,我们吃早饭。 The train started to move just before he reached the platform. 他到月台时火车刚开走。 They started ploughing as soon as they got to the fields. 他们一到地里就开始耕地。 2. 按时间顺序叙述两个或两个以上接连发生的动作时,用一般过去时。 He entered the room, turned on the light and sat down at the table. 他走进屋子,打开灯,坐在桌子旁。 3. 在表示某人过去未曾完成的“心愿”、“打算”、“计划”、“想法”、“许诺”等时,hope, mean, plan, think, intend等谓语动词常用过去完成时。 I had hoped to be back last night, but I didn’t catch the train. 我本来希望昨晚回来的,但没搭上火车。 We had thought to return early but they wouldn’t let us go. 我们本想早回来的,但他们不让我们走。 4. 在表示过去的句子中出现常与完成时态连用的词,如:already,yet,since,for,ever,never及次数名词等时,常用过去完成时来表示。

一般现在时态与一般过去时态结构及用法

一般现在时态与一般过去时态结构及用法 1 一般现在时 标志:动词原形 1. 表示经常性或习惯性动作,常与表频度的时间状语连用: She often speaks English. I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2. 表示现在的状态、特征、职业、能力、感觉等: He seems to feel a bit down today. He works as a driver. 3. 表示真理、客观存在、科学事实或用于格言警句中:Shanghai lies in the east of China. Columbus proved that the earth is round. Where there is a will, there is a way.

4. 表示现在瞬间的动作: Here comes the bus! 5. 表示将来 1) 表按规定、计划、安排将要发生的动作(仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的趋向动词),可以与表示未来的时间状语搭配使用。常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通状况。如: The next train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon. How often does the shuttle bus run? 2) 在时间和条件状语从句中常使用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情: When Bill comes (不用will come), ask him to wait for me. I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy. 2 一般过去时 标志:动词过去式

一般现在时的讲解及用法

亠般现在时的讲解及用法 、定义与讲解 1定义:一般现在时,表示经常性的事情,经常性的动作或一般性事实 2, 只有在第三人称单数用动词的三单变化”其他用动词的原形。 注:1)第一人称(I,we)第二人称(you)第三人称(He,She,they,it, 所有的名字名称)单数(一个人或事物)复数(两个或两个以上的人或事物)第三人称单数(第三方的单个的人或事物,除了 they) 2)三单变化 多数在动词(不是名词)后+ s eg: play — plays like — likes (1)直接在动词词尾加-s. ask---asks work---works get---gets stay---stays (2)以字母s, x, ch, sh 或o结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-es. watch---watches wish---wishes fix---fixes do---does go---goes pass-passes (3)以辅音字母加-y ”结尾的动词,要先变y为i再加-es.(辅音字母:除 a,e,i,o,u 这5个元音字母外的21个字母都是辅音字母; 元音字母力卩-y : stay--stays play--plays say--says buy--buys 辅音字母力卩-y:try---tries study-studies cry---cries fly---flies 二、一般现在时的用法 1, 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语: every day, sometimes, at …,on Sun day,usually, once a week I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2, 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。 The earth goes around the sun. 3,表示格言或警句中。 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

初中英语常见时态用法小结

初中英语常见时态用法小结 一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。 时间状语:every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例:Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I don’t want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now 是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。 2. 一般过去时的用法 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now? 2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3)句型: It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了" It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示’宁愿某人做某事’ I’d rather you came tomorrow. 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。 比较: 一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。 Christine was an invalid all her life. (含义:她已不在人间。) Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义:她现在还活着)

过去完成时态教案

过去完成时态 一、概念:过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或呈现的状态, 即“过去的过去(past-in-the-past )”。 二、构成:过去完成时由“助动词had + 过去分词”构成,其中had 通用于各种人称。 e.g. They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. She had finished writing the composition by 10 :00 this morning. 三、句式:它的否定句是在had后边加not,变一般疑问句是把had提前。 肯定答语:Yes, 主语+had 否定答语:No,主语+hadn’t e.g. I had reached the station before 9:00 o'clock. I had not reached the station before 9:00 o'clock. Had you reached the station before 9:00 o'clock? Yes, I had. No, I hadn’t. 四、用法: 1. 过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束,即发生在“过去的过去”。如:When I woke up, it had stopped raining. 我醒来时,雨已经停了。(主句的动作发生在“过去的过去”) 2. 过去完成时是一个相对的时态,表示的是“过去的过去”,只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用 它。如:He told me that he had written a new book. (had written 发生在told 之前) 3. 过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用,它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。此时多与already ,yet ,still ,just ,before ,never 等时间副词及by ,before ,until 等引导的短语或从句连用。如:Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years. Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten. 4. 过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始,一直延续到这一过去时间,而且动作尚未结束, 仍然有继续下去的可能。如: By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. (had worked 已有了20 年,还有继续进行下去的可能) 五、过去完成时的判断依据 1. 由时间状语来判定 一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有: ( 1 )by + 过去的时间点。 如:I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. ( 2 )by the end of + 过去的时间点。 如:We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. ( 3 )before + 过去的时间点。 如:They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前 的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在: ( 1 )宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如:She said that she had seen the film before. ( 2 )状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中,主、从句的动作发生有先后关系,动作在前的,要用过去完成时,

英语一般过去时用法总结(完整)

英语一般过去时用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择一般过去时 1.John ________ in the United States for decades, but in the last years he has already adapted to living in China. A.was living B.had lived C.has lived D.Lived 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词时态。句意:约翰在美国生活了很多年,但在最近这几年中他已经适应了在中国的生活。根据 living in China可知约翰现在在中国居住,再结合in the United States 中时间状语for decades可知是过去的事情,故选D项。 2.—You’re late again. —Sorry. I ________ to set my alarm clock. A.forget B.will forget C.forgot D.would forget 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态。上句:你又迟到了。下句:对不起,我忘了设定闹钟。根据语境可知,“忘记”是过去的一件事情,所以句子用一般过去时态,故选C。 3.Chinese kites in ancient times ________ in the shape of birds. A.design B.had designed C.were designed D.have been designed 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据in ancient times可知,句子用一般过去时态,根据动词与主语是被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故选C。 4.—Is Peter coming? —No, he____ his mind after a phone call at the last minute. A.changes B.changed C.was changing D.had changed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态。句意:——彼得来了吗?——没有,刚才接到一个电话后改变主意了。根据at the last minute在最后一秒可能发生在过去,故用一般过去时。故选B。 【点睛】

高考英语一般现在时用法总结(完整)

高考英语一般现在时用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择一般现在时 1.I know daydreaming benefits invention, but the fact that it has no solid evidence. A.will be remaining B.remained C.remains D.had remained. 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态。句意:我知道白日梦有益于发明,但事实是它没有确凿的证据。根据所给动词是一般现在时和句意可知此处也用一般现在时,故选C. 2.The Small Goose Pagoda in Xi’an, one of the 22 Silk Road relics located in China, _______ back in 707 during the Tang Dynasty. A.dated B.was dated C.dates D.is dating 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析:考查动词短语和时态。短语date back to追溯到....;从....开始有;该句型没有被动语态,也没有进行时。通常都使用一般现在时表示从现在时间某一事物能够追溯到的时期。故C项正确。 【名师点睛】 当分词做状语的时候,要特别考虑主被动关系以及时间的先后关系。如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系,就使用现在分词做状语;当二者构成被动关系,使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前,就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系,可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。 考点:考查动词短语和时态 3.We live in a beautiful cottage with a yard, which ______ 20 feet from side to side. A.measures B.is measured C.measured D.has been measured 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:考察非谓语。句意:我们住的地方有一个院子,这个院子从一遍到另一边的距离是20英尺。 考点:考察非谓语。 4.---We’d better leave now. ---No hurry. The train ______ at 10 o’clock. A.has left B.left C.leaves D.would leave 【答案】C

过去完成时用法详解

过去完成时用法小结 一、过去完成时适用场合 1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示,也可以暗含在上下文中。 I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。 The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。 By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。 2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去,常与for,since等词连用。如: He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年,去年退役了。 He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。 He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前,已学了八年英语。 3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中,先发生的事放在后面叙述时,要用过去完成时。如: Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 汤姆乘飞机回家,他的父亲却已经去世了。 4. 过去完成时也用于hardly...when...(刚…就…), no sooner...than... (刚…就…), It was the first time + that分句等一些固定句型中。

一般过去时的用法及结构

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