(完整版)英语专四单项选择题库
定语从句
1．It rained hard yesterday, prevented me from going to the park.
A. that
B. which
C. as
D. it
→the diagram shows, the sum spent on tobacco is nearly as large as that spent on alcohol.
A. As
B. Which
C. What
D. Like
２. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man
he was twenty years ago.
A. which
B. that
C. who
D. whom
3. Chinese customs police wondered if there were some underground passages the cocaine had been smuggled into China from Myanmar.
A. through which
B. in which
C. through that
D. in that
4. The temperature Fahrenheit and Celsius thermometer readings are equal is 40 degrees.
A. by which
B. for which
C. to which
D. at which
5. There was a storm I had never experienced before.
A. such as
B. as which
C. with which
D. for such
6. The residents, had been damaged by the earthquake, were given help by the government.
A. all their homes
B. all whose homes
C. all of whose homes
D. all of their homes
7. The course normally attracts 30 students per year, up to half will from overseas.
A. in which
B. for whom
C. with which
D. of whom
8. Perhaps ther e’only one thing on which the citizens of Atlanta do agree: there’s only a city will not look the same or be the same after this summer.
A. that
B. which
C. as
D. where
9. The team can handle whatever .
A. that needs handling
B. which need handling
C. it needs handling
D. needs to be handled
10. The physician has made a discovery, of great importance to the progress of science and technology.
A. I think which is
B. that I think is
C. which I think is
D. which I think it is
11. John returned with two laborers, with help we finally get the car out of the mud.
A. their
B. whose
C. /
D. that
12. She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.
A. which
B. when
C. how
D. where
→She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she works as a secretary in our company. A. which B. when
C. how
D. where
→(1) Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.
A. which
B. when
C. how
D. where
(2) Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been complete.
A. which
B. when
C. how
D. where
(3) Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.
A. where
B. when
C. that
D. which
非谓语动词
1.-what caused the party to be put off?
-_____ the invitation.
A. Tom delayed sending
B. Tom's delaying sending
C. Tom delaying to send
D .Tom delayed send
2. I can't get my car____ on cold mornings, so I have to try ____ the radiator with some hot water.
A. run, to fill
B. running, filing
C. running, to fill
D. ran, filling
3. Anyone _________ bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police.
A. seen carry
B. seen carrying
C. saw to carry
D. saw carrying
【分析】此题答案选B，anyone seen carrying bags…
为 anyone who was seen carrying bags 之略，其中过去分词短语 seen carrying bags …用作定语修饰代词 anyone。另外，句中
的 who was seen carrying bags 为 see sb doing sth 这一结构的被动式。
4. Now everyone here was working hard and doing what they could _________ more mo ney.
A. make
B. to make
C. making
D. made
【分析】此题容易误选A。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词 could 就断定此处应填动词原形 make。其实正确答案应是B，此句为省略句，即在 could 后省略了动词 do，若把句子补完整应为
Now everyone here was working hard and doing what they could do to make more mone y，即句中的不定式短语(to make more money)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句：
(1) My parents did what they could _________ my aunt and uncle.
A. help
B. to help
C. helping
D. helped
(2) He read what he could _________ his knowledge.
A. widen
B. to widen
C. widening
D. widened
以上两题均选B，即选不定式，且此不定式为目的状语。但是，同学们若据此形成思维定势，也会麻烦。为此，请再看两题：
(3) He ran as fast as he could _________to catch the bus.
A. hope
B. to hope
C. hoping
D. hoped
此题的最佳答案不是B，而是C，其中的现在分词短语 hoping to catch the bus 用作伴随状语，即一边跑一边希望能赶上早班车。但是，如果选B，将 to hope to catch the bus 视为目的状语行不行呢？不行。因为“他拼命地跑”目的是“为了赶上公共汽车”，而不是“为了希望赶上公共汽车”，换句话说，将“希望”作为“目的”不妥。因为同样的原因，下面一题也应
选 hoping：
He studied as hard as he could _________ to enter a good college.
A. hope
B. to hope
C. hoping
D. hoped
(4) He spent every minute he could _________ foreign languages.
A. study
B. to study
C. studying
D. studied
此题也应选C，但是，它与上题选现在分词 hoping 表伴随有所不同，此题的 studying 其实与其前的动词 spend 有关，即套用的是“spend + 时间或金钱 + (in) doing sth”这一句型。
5. All her time _________ experiments, she has no time for sports.
A. devoted to do
B. devoted to doing
C. devoting to doing
D. is devoted to doing
【分析】此题最佳答案为B。现分析如下：
(1) devote 意为“致力于，献身于”，主要用于devote…to…或be devoted to，其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。
(2) 选A错误：若将 do 改为 doing 则可以。
(3) 选B正确：all her time devoted to doing experiments为独立主格结构，用作状语。
(4) 选C错误：因为all her time 与 devote 为被动关系，故应将devoting改为devoted。
(5) 选D错误：若单独看 All her time is devoted to doing experiments，此句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连接方式，所以从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，则可选D，或将D中的is 改为 being也可以。
6. “What made her struggle _________ an artist so hard?”“_________ she was a woman.”
A. became, 不填
B. to become, 不填
C. become, That
D. to become, That
【分析】此题容易误选C，想当然地认为第一空应填 become (不带to)，是因为其前有使役动词 made。其实，此题应选D，在 What made her struggle to become an artist so hard? 一句中，what 是句子主语，made 是谓语，her struggle to become an artist 是宾语 (其中的不定
式 to become an artist 是修饰her struggle 的定语)，so hard 是宾语补足语。许多同学误选C是将 her struggle 看作宾语，而将 become an artist 看作是宾语补足语，照此分析，so hard 又是什么成分呢？第二空填 That，用以引导主语从句 (此 that 不可省略)，其后的谓语和宾语等被省略，若补充完整，即为 That she was a woman made her struggle to become an artist so hard.
7. I found I could easily make myself _________ by using sign language.
A. understood
B. understand
C. to understand
D. being understood
【分析】答案选A，但容易误选B，即硬套“make + 名词或代词 + 动词原形”这一结构。但是对于该结构同学们忽略了一点，就是该结构中的名词或代词应与其后动词有逻辑上的主谓关系，而对于上面一题，myself 与动词 understand 显然不是主谓关系，而是动宾关系，或者说是被动关系，故此时的动词应用过去分词表被动。又如：
1) As a teacher, you should make yourself _________.
A. respect
B. respecting
C. respected
D. to respect
(2) He spoke loudly so as to make his voice _________.
A. hear
B. hearing
C. heard
D. to hear
(3) Do you know what made her so _________?
A. frighten
B. frightening
C. frightened
D. to frighten
答案均选C，即用过去分词表示被动意义（其中 frightened 为过去分词转化来的形容词）。
8. Once your business becomes international, _________ constantly will be part of your life.
A. you fly
B. your flight
C. flight
D. flying
【分析】最佳答案为D。由于空格后出现了constantly这一副词，这就说明不能选B或C，因为B、C均为名词，不能受副词 constantly 的修饰。A和D均是可能的，因为其中有动词 fly。但若选A，you fly 是一个主谓结构，与其后的谓语 will be 相冲突，所以只能选D，即动名词flying在此用作主语。
9. Not only should you get used _________ under difficult conditions but you also you pay more a ttention _________ your work well.
A. to work, to do
B. to working, to doing
C. to work, to doing
D. to working, to do
【分析】正确答案为B，因为 get used to与pay attention to 这两个结构中的to均为介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不能用动词原形。类似地，以下各结构中的 to 也是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时也应用动名词，而不是动词原形：
look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事
be opposed to doing sth 反对做某事
object to doing sth反对做某事
stick to doing sth 坚持做某事
get down to doing sth 开始做某事
take to doing sth 喜欢上做某事
admit to doing 承认做了某事
pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事
devote one’s time to doing sth 把某人的时间用于(奉献于)做某事
be equal to doing sth 等于做某事，能胜任做某事
What do you say to doing sth 你认为做某事怎么样
10. “Do you have anything more _________, sir?”“No. You can have a rest or do something else.”
A. typing
B. to be typed
C. typed
D. to type
【分析】此题容易误选D，根据 have sth to do 这一常用结构推出。其实，最佳答案是B。确实，在“have+宾语+不定式”结构中，用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义，如 I have some clothes to wash等，即尽管其中的 some clothes 与其后的不定式 to wash 具有被动关系，但却习惯上用主动式表示被动意义。但值得指出的是，这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系，如 I have some clothes to wash 中的 to wash 就是由该句主语 I 来完成的。而上面一题的情形有所不同，即其中的 to type 这一动作不是由句子主语 you来完成的，而是由说话者“我”来完成的。比较：
Are you going to Shanghai? Do you have anything to take to your son? 你要去上海吗？你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗？
I’m going to Shanghai next week. I have a lot of things to take with me. 下个星期我要去上海，我随身要带很多东西去。
同位语从句
同位语从句属于名词性从句,常常跟在fact, promise, reason, truth, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief, suggestion, conclusion, information, order, decision等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容,在逻辑上表现为同位关系。
要突破同位语从句,需要注意以下几点:
一、正确使用同位语从句的引导词。引导同位语从句的主要有连接词that(不用which),whether (不用if)。
1.如果同位语从句意义完整,不缺少句子成分,常用that引导同位语从句。例如:
I heard the news that our team had won. 我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
2. 如果同位语从句表示"是否"含义时,常用whether引导同位语从句。例如:
He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
[原题再现]
Along with the letter was his promise ________ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. whether
答案: B
二、同位语从句与其中心词可被谓语动词等其他成分分隔,此时要能分清句子结构。例如:
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
[原题再现]
①A story goes ________ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.
A. when
B. where
C. what
D. that
②There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ________ road conditions need ________.
A. that; to be improved
B. which; to be improved
C. where; improving
D. when; improving
答案: ①D ②A
三、表示建议、命令、要求等的名词(如suggestion, proposal, advice, order, request等)后接同位语从句时,从句通常使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用"(should)+动词原形"。例如:
The teacher gave orders that the work (should) be finished before 4 o'clock.
The suggestion that the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good.
同位语从句讲解与练习
1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词。如：
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？
Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如：
I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。
连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our su mmer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别?
如：The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省) 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。
The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that在从句中作的宾语，可省)他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。
2．一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如：
This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。
用适当的连接词填空：
1.It worried her a bit _____ her hair was turning gray.
2. I have no idea _____ we can do with these waste materials.
3.____the doctor really doubts is ____my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
4.It is hoped ____nature will never be destroyed.
5.____do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow?
6.-- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
-- Is that ____ you had a few days off?
7. Word came ____I was wanted at the office.
8. Do you know ____of them will be our new headmaster?
9. The teacher didn’t tell me ____we were wrong.
10. It’s generally considered unwise to give a child ____he or she wants.
B.单项选择
It was true _____ Alice did surprised her mother.
A. that
B. what
C. that, what
D. what, that
2. Does ____matter much ____he can’t come to the meeting.
A. it, if
B. that, if
C. it, whether
D. this, whether
3.--What are you anxious about?
-- ____
A. How can we succeed
B. Whether we can succeed
C. When can we succeed
D. That we can succeed
4. The reason ____the little actress has been such a success is ____she is both clever and hard-working.
A. why, why
B. why, that
C. that, because
D. for, because
5. ____leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Who
B. Whoever
C.Anyone
D. The person
6. I really don’t know _____I had this photo taken.
A. where it was that
B. it was that
C. where it was
D. it was why
7. Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can’t remember ____.
A. where
B. there
C. which
D. that
8.--What do you think of China?
--____different life is today from ____it used to be.
A. How, what
B. What, what
C. How, that
D. What, that
9. Give this to ____you think can do the work well.
A.who
B.whom
C. whoever
D. whomever
10.____troubles me is ____I can’t learn all these English idioms by heart.
A. That, that
B. What, what
C. That, what
D. What, that
11. The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.
A. that
B. what
C. why
D. which
答案
A. 1. that 2. what 3. what, whether 4. that 5. who 6.
why 7. that 8. which 9. where 10. whatever
B. 1—5 CABBB 6—10 ACACD 11.A
定语从句和同位语从句的区别
同位语从句和定语从句很相似,但还是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面:
1. 从词类上区别
同位语从句前面的名词只能是
idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibi lity,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句
的一部分或是整个主句。
如: The possibility that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性。(同位语从句)
We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting. 我们正在调查的问题不是他是否值得信赖的问题。(同位语从句)
Word came that he had been abroad. 据说他已经出国了。(同位语从句)
Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴。
(定语从句)
The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位医生在房间里面。(定
语从句)
His mother did all she could to help him with his study. 他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮
助他的学习。(定语从句,代词all作先行词)
2. 从性质上区别
定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴。如:
The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。
(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)
The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语
从句,news在从句中作told的宾语)
I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. 我许诺如果谁让我自由,我就让他非常富有。(同位语从句,补充说明promise到底是一个什么诺言)
The mother made a promise that pleased all her children. 妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺。(定语从句,promise在从句中作pleased的主语)
3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别
有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句。如:
That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题
还没有考虑。(同位语从句)
I have no idea what has happened to him. 我不知道他发生了什么事。(同位语从句)
引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略。that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省
略,也不能用which来代替。如:
The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了.(同位语从句,是对
order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略)
The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组.(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略)
最后我们在一起来做三道练习题:
1. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. whether
2. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was
a dangerous speed.
A. as
B. which
C. what
D. that
3. Luckily, we'd brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way.
A. it
B. that
C. this
D. which
答案:1. B 2. B 3. D
历年英语专业四级单项选择题真题整理及答案解析
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