英语国家概况美国部分
英语国家概况—美国部分测试题
姓名____________ 班级_______________ 分数______________
1. America was named after（）.
A. Italian navigator Columbus
B. navigator Amerigo Vespucci
C. some Indian chieftain
D. George Washington, founding father of the United States
2. Between 1860 and 1990, the United States witnessed（）large-scale population movements.
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
3.At the beginning of the Berlin Blockade, President Truman turned down the option of（）.
A. sending supplies through the highways, protected by tanks and troops
B. sending supplies through the waterways
C. starting large-scale airlifting
D. staring limited airlifting to test the Soviets
4.In 1900, the United States ranked first in the production of（）.
A. coal
B. electricity
C. oil
D. wheat
5.The Constitutional Convention in America was attended by（）.
A. all of the 13 states
B. all of the states except Maryland
C. all of the states except Rhode Island
D. all of the states, but later Rhode Island withdrew from the convention
6.In the United States, Henry Ford became famous（）.
A. because of his wealth
B. because he set up the Standard Oil Corporation
C. because he was the first to invent cars
D. because of his Model T automobile
7.The attitude of many Americans toward different political views after WWⅡcan be described as（）.
A. following the main trend of view
B. intolerant
C. indifferent
D. tolerant
8.In the U.S., the Red Scare refers to（）.
A. a senseless hysteria about the danger of communism
B. a fear of Soviet subversion
C. a senseless hate of anything foreign
D. an intolerance of any idea different from the mainstream idea
9.In the United States, the“winner-take-all”system applies to（）.
A. all the states
B. a majority of the states
C. all states except Maine
D. only Maine
10.In “Old Man and Sea”, Hemingway praises the old man’s attitude towards（）.
A. defeat and failure
B. the sea
C. his work
D. nature
11. Which of the following is NOT among the five biggest cities in the United States?( )
A. Chicago.
B. New York.
C. Miami.
D. Los Angeles.
12.____, which banned slavery, was added to the American Constitution in December, 1865.( )
A. The Bill of Rights
B. The Thirteenth Amendment
C. The Civil Rights Act
D. The Voting Rights Act
13.___ have made it possible for all sections of the American population to have higher education.
A. The research universities
B. The doctoral universities
C. The community colleges
D. The liberal arts colleges
14. Colored eggs and bunny are traditional symbols of___.( )
A. Easter
B. Christmas
C. Valentine
D. New Year's Day
15. ____is one of the most popular places in the United States to celebrate the New Year's Day.
A. The Disney I.and in Florida
B. The White House Lawn in Washington D.
C.
C. Hollywood in California
D. Times Square in New York City
16. The best-known speech made by civil fights leader Martin Luther King is_____.
A. "Guess who?"
B. "I have a dream"
C. "United we stand, divided we fall"
D. "First in war, first in peace, first in the hearts of his countrymen"
17. The real American literature began_____.
A. before the Civil War
B. after the Civil War
C. before the War of Independence
D. after the War of Independence
18. MIT stands for_____.
A. the Military Institute of Texas
B. the Macy's Instigation of Thanksgiving
C. the Miami Institution of Trade
D. the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
19. At the Constitutional Convention in September 1787, the delegates who argued for a national system called themselves______.
A. Republicans
B. Democrats
C. Anti-Federalists
D. Federalists
19. The Purchase of Louisiana Territory in 1803 from France______.( )
A. increased the American territory by one third
B. increased the American territory by a half
C. almost doubled the size of the United States
D. almost tripled the size of the United States
20. In order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion after WWII, the United States decided to offer Western European countries economic aid, which later came to be called _____.( )
A. the Fourteen Points
B. the New Freedoms
C. the New Deal
D. the Marshall Plan
21. In view of the problem of poverty in the 1960s, President Kennedy had once
admitted that_____of the American population went to bed hungry.( )
A. about one quarter
B. about one third
C. about half
D. about two thirds
22. Membership in the House of Representatives is based on_____.( )
A. the number of cities in each state
B. the number of families in each state
C. the size of population in each state
D. the size of cities in each state
23. In the United States, if the parents don't send their children to school at certain age,____ .
A. the state government will be responsible for it
B. they will educate the children themselves
C. they can save a lot of money
D. they are breaking the law
24．Most of the first Chinese immigrants who came to the United States between 1850—1880 settled down in ______.
A．Florida B．Washington C．California D．New Jersey
25．In September, 1774 the First Continental Congress was held in ______, which encouraged Americans to refuse to buy British goods.
A．New York B．Boston C．Philadelphia D．Concord 26．During the American westward movement, Democratic politician John L. O’Sullivan produced the famous theory of ______.
A．“Isolationism”B．“Good Neighbor Policy”
C．“Social Darwinism”D．“Manifest Destiny”
27．In 1972, U.S. President ______ visited China, which led to the establishment of diplomatic relations with China in January 1979.
A．Ronald Reagan B．Richard Nixon C．Jimmy Carter D．Gerald Ford 28．Which work praised the idea of equality and democracy and also celebrated the dignity, the self-reliant spirit and the joy of the common man?
A．Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman. B．Self-reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson. C．Life on the Mississippi by Mark Twain. D．Sister Carrie by Theodore Dreiser. 29．The Constitution requires the President to be a natural-born American citizen at least ______ years of age.
A．30 B．35 C．40 D．45
30．On April 30th of 1789, George Washington took the oath of office in ______ which housed the first American government.
A．New York B．Washington C．Philadelphia D．Boston
31．The conference that decided to set up a world organization ——the United Nations was held in ______.
A．Teheran B．Cairo C．Yalta D．Washington
32．Which statement is NOT true about the Great Depression in the 1930s?
A．Billions of dollars of paper profits were wiped out within a few days.
B．Misery and personal sufferings were widespread.
C．Many lost their land and other properties because of foreclosures.
D．The stock market crash was the beginning of long economic recovery.
33．During the American Civil War, the victory at ______ proved to be the turning point for the Union Army.
A．Harrisburg B．Gettysburg C．Lexington D．Fort Sumter 34．A typical example of American intolerant nationalism from 1919—1920 was ______ that exaggerated the danger of Communism.
A．McCarthyism B．the Ku Klux Klan C．the Red Scare D．Desegregation 35．In the U.S. each local school district has a governing board which is usually ______. A．elected by the voters B．chosen from the teaching staff C．selected from the local community D．appointed by the county magistrate 36．In America, the Constitution provides that ______ shall be President of the Senate.（）A．the Speaker of the House B．the Secretary of State
C．the Chief Justice D．the Vice President
37．Higher education in the United States began with the founding of ______ in 1636.（）
A．MIT B．Yale University C．Harvard College D．Princeton University 38．Theodore Dreiser was the literary representative of American______.（）A．Romanticists B．Transcendentalists C．Modernists D．Naturalists 39. The largest racial and ethnic minority in the U.S. is the ______, which accounts over 12.1% of the population.
A. blacks
B. Asians
C. Indians
D. Hispanics
40. The three well-known authors who penned the Federalist Papers are ______.
A. Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and John Jay
B. George Washington, James Madison and John Jay
C. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay
D. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Adams
41. When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation called ______.
A. the Southern States of America
B. the Federalist States of America
C. the Confederate States of America
D. the Anti-confederate States of America
42. With the development of industry and extension of railroad network in the early 20th century in the U.S.A., there appeared ______.
A. a rapid growth of cities
B. an influx of foreign goods
C. an increase of urban ghettos
D. a great increase in the number of farms
43. In the early part of the 19th century, ______ was the center of American writing.
A. Boston
B. Detroit
C. New York City
D. Philadelphia
44. The most important patriotic holiday in the U.S. is ______.
A. Halloween
B. Veterans’ Day
C. Thanksgiving Day
D. Independence Day 25．______ to the Constitution, as the foundation of the American constitutional system, were called the Bill of Rights.（）
A．The first three amendments B．The first five amendments
C．The first ten amendments D．The first twelve amendments
46．The Articles of Confederation in 1781 was unusual because it provided for ______.（）A．no king B．a strong central government C．civil rights D．taxation powers 47．In his inaugural speech,______ said that“the only thing we have to fear is fear itself”. A．Lyndon Johnson B．Theodore Roosevelt
C．John F. Kennedy D．Franklin Roosevelt
48．The Second World War came to an end in ______.（）
A．1945 B．1946 C．1947 D．1949
49. The four problems that face the economy of the United States are______.
A. unemployment, inflation, financial crisis and trade deficit
B. unemployment, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit
C. mortgage losses, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit
D. unemployment, market failures, financial deficit and trade deficit
50. Which statement about the U.S. Constitution is NOT true?
A. It is the supreme law of the land.
B. It is the oldest written constitution in the world.
C. It was adopted in 1781 at the Second Continental Congress.
D. It provides the basis for political stability, economic growth and social progress.
英语国家概况
英语国家概况-Land and people I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分 1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。 2. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 3. The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones. 不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。 4.Three political divisions on the island：England, Scotland and Wales. 大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。 (1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section. 英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。 (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地及南部山陵。首府：爱丁堡。 (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府：加的夫 (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast. 北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域。首府：贝尔法斯特。 5.The Commonwealth (of nations)is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991. 英联邦是独立的前英国殖民地组成的自由联合体。它成立于1931年，至1990年止已有50个成员国。 II. Geographical Features 英国的地理特征 1.Geographical position of Britain: 英国的地理位置： Britain is an island country surrounded by the sea. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. 英国是一个岛国。它位于大西洋北部，与欧洲大陆的北海岸隔海相望。南面的英吉利海峡和东面的北海将它与欧洲其它部分隔开。 2.The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands; and the east and southeast are mostly lowlands. 英国的西部和北部主要是高地，东部和东南部主要是低地。 III. Rivers and Lakes 河流与湖泊 Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in Britain (1,343m).
王恩铭英语国家概况英国、美国、加拿大对错题答案整合
Ⅰ. True or False: 1. The United Kingdom is located in northern Europe. F 2. The United Kingdom consists of four political divisions —England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. F 3. England is one of the two large islands in the British Isles. F 4. The British Isles are made up of three large islands and hundreds of small ones. F 5. Wales lies on the east coast of the island of Great Britain. F 6. The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association of independent countries that all used to be colonies of Britain. F 7. In Scotland, rugged mountains, green valleys, and deep, blue lakes provide some of the most beautiful scenery in Europe. T 8. The longest river in Britain is the Thames. F 9. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh in northwest England. F 10. Britain’s climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream, a warm ocean current that sweeps up from the equator and flows past the British Isles. T Ⅰ. True or False: 1. The English, the Scots, and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons, but the Irish are Celts.F 2. London and England as a whole have great influence over the rest of the United Kingdom because of their large population. T 3. People of Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi origin are the largest group of immigrants in Britain. T 4. Compared to the rest of the world, the UK has a smaller percentage of older people and a higher percentage of younger people. F 5. The Welsh language is the official language in Wales. T 6. Scottish Gaelic is the official language in Scotland. F 7. The English language is the predominant language in Northern Ireland. T 8. English people all strive to free themselves of regional or local accents in order to sound like educated English-speaking people. F 9. Social class in the UK lays more emphasis on money and property. F 10. Britishness is associated with political, historical, technological, sporting, and cultural achievements in Britain. T Ⅰ. True or False: 1. The first Roman invasion took place in 43 AD, headed by the Emperor Julius Caesar. F 2. The name “England”derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who came to England in the 5th and 6th centuries. T 3. The Magna Carta defined the King’s feudal rights, preventing him from arbitrarily collecting revenue. T 4. The Black Death once ravage England, carrying off three fourths of the population. F 5. During Edward III’ s reign, the war with France known as the Hundred Years’ War began. T 6. The Wars of the Roses were in the main a great contest for Crown between the rival houses of York and Lancaster. T
英语国家概况美国部分精讲系列
英语国家概况美国部分精讲系列 Chapter: 13 geography 地理位置 1.Alaska and Hawaii are the two newest states in American.Alaska northwestern Can ada,and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific. 阿拉斯加和夏威夷是最近加入美国的两个新州.阿拉斯加在加拿大的西北部，夏威夷位邻中太平洋.（本细节还有考“一句话简答”的可能） 2.The U.S has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometres.It is the fourth largest co untry in the world in size after Russia,Canada and China. 就面积而言，美国是世界第四大国，就人口而言，美国是世界是第三大国. 3.Of all states of American,Alaska is the lagest in area and Rhode Island the smalles t.But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country. 所有州中，阿拉斯加是面积最大的州，罗得岛最小，在美国大陆，最大的州是得克萨斯州. 4.The Rockies,the backbone of the North American Continent,is also known as the C ontinental Divide. 落基山脉是北美大陆的脊梁，也被成为大陆分水岭. 5.The two main mountain ranges in American are the Appalachian mountains and the Rocky mountains. The Appalachians run slightly from the northeast to southwest and the Rocky mountains run slightly from the northwest to southeast. 阿巴拉契亚山脉和落基山脉是美国的两座大山脉.（本细节有考“一句话简答题”的可能）
英美文化 (英国部分答案)
(判断题) Chapter 1 1. People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country. (F) 2. The Severn River is the longest river of Britain, which originates in Wales and flows through western England.(T) 3. Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language. (F) 4. In terms of population and area, Northern Ireland is the second largest part of Britain.(F) 5. Although the climate in Britain is generally mild, the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below -10℃ in January . (F) 6. The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo-Saxons.(T) 7. The Celtic people were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.(T) 8. English evolved into what is now described as Modern English from the late 16th century.(F) Chapter 2 1. British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T) 2. The Anglo-Saxons came to Britain in the 5th century.(T) 3. The chief or king of the Anglo-Saxons tribes exercised power at their own will. (F) 4. The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T) 5. HenryⅡ built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T) 6. The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.(F) 7. The Hundred Years’War (1337-1453) was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikings for trade and territory.(F) 8. In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions, Queen ElizabethⅠactually defended the fruit of the Reformation.(T) Chapter 3 1. Conventions are regarded less important than the statutory law in the working of the British government.(T) 2. The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.(F) 3. In reality, the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F) 4. The British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.(F) 5. The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.(F) 6. The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.(T) 7. Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(F) 8. The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.(T) Chapter 4 1. British was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T) 2. The British economy experienced a relative decline during the post-war period.(T) 3. Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain after World WarⅡ.(F)
英语国家概况
《英语国家概况》教学大纲 一、课程基本信息 课程编码：B170832223 课程类别：专业基础课 课程名称：英语国家概况 课程性质：必修 适用专业：翻译 开课学期：第三学期 总学分：2 总学时：32 先行课程：英语语法、英语口语、英语听力、英汉翻译 课程简介：本课程属于翻译专业教学课程体系中的专业基础课。该课程旨培养学生实际运用语言的能力，帮助学生打下坚实的专业基础，达到专业四级水平；同时培养学生良好学习作风和正确学习方法，培养学生逻辑思维能力和独立工作能力，丰富学生社会文化知识，增强学生对文化差异的敏感性。 推荐教材：王恩铭. 英语国家概况[M]. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社, 2013 参考书目： [1] 来安方. 英美概况[M]. 河南: 河南人民出版社, 2007 [2] 余志远. 英语国家概况主编[M]. 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社, 2000 [3] 朱永涛. 英国社会与文化[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2003 二、课程总目标 以《英语国家概况》（王恩铭著）为蓝本。本课程主要是为了使英语专业学生了解主要英语国家的地理、历史、经济、政治等方面的概况，了解主要英语国家的文化传统，风俗习惯和社会生活的其他情况。本课程是一门实用性很强的文化知识课。一方面通过英语阅读主要英语国家的背景材料扩大知识面，另一方面通过学习文化知识进行语言基本功的训练，巩固和提高英语水平。 三、教学指南 课程重点：本课程教学的重点使英语专业学生了解主要英语国家的地理、历史、经济、政治等方面的概况，了解主要英语国家的文化传统，风俗习惯和社会生活的 其他情况。 课程难点：在使学生了解英语国家主要的地理、历史、经济和政治等方面的概况同时，还要培养学生良好学习作风和正确学习方法，培养学生逻辑思维能力和独立 工作能力，丰富学生社会文化知识，增强学生对文化差异的敏感性。 教学方法和手段：讲授+讨论+练习
英语国家概况美国部分
英语国家概况—美国部分测试题 姓名____________ 班级_______________ 分数______________ 1. America was named after（）. A. Italian navigator Columbus B. navigator Amerigo Vespucci C. some Indian chieftain D. George Washington, founding father of the United States 2. Between 1860 and 1990, the United States witnessed（）large-scale population movements. A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 3.At the beginning of the Berlin Blockade, President Truman turned down the option of（）. A. sending supplies through the highways, protected by tanks and troops B. sending supplies through the waterways C. starting large-scale airlifting D. staring limited airlifting to test the Soviets 4.In 1900, the United States ranked first in the production of（）. A. coal B. electricity C. oil D. wheat 5.The Constitutional Convention in America was attended by（）. A. all of the 13 states B. all of the states except Maryland C. all of the states except Rhode Island D. all of the states, but later Rhode Island withdrew from the convention 6.In the United States, Henry Ford became famous（）. A. because of his wealth B. because he set up the Standard Oil Corporation C. because he was the first to invent cars D. because of his Model T automobile 7.The attitude of many Americans toward different political views after WWⅡcan be described as（）. A. following the main trend of view B. intolerant C. indifferent D. tolerant 8.In the U.S., the Red Scare refers to（）. A. a senseless hysteria about the danger of communism B. a fear of Soviet subversion C. a senseless hate of anything foreign D. an intolerance of any idea different from the mainstream idea 9.In the United States, the“winner-take-all”system applies to（）. A. all the states B. a majority of the states C. all states except Maine D. only Maine 10.In “Old Man and Sea”, Hemingway praises the old man’s attitude towards（）. A. defeat and failure B. the sea C. his work D. nature 11. Which of the following is NOT among the five biggest cities in the United States?( ) A. Chicago. B. New York. C. Miami. D. Los Angeles. 12.____, which banned slavery, was added to the American Constitution in December, 1865.( ) A. The Bill of Rights B. The Thirteenth Amendment C. The Civil Rights Act D. The Voting Rights Act 13.___ have made it possible for all sections of the American population to have higher education.
英语国家概况各单元知识点汇总'
《英语国家概况》 一、课程性质、目的和要求 （一）课程性质 随着社会的进步和科技的高速发展，中外各种交流越来越密切，了解和掌握一些英语国家的文化传统也显得极为重要。英语国家概况是面向英语专业三年一期学生开设的专业必修课程。《英语国家概况》是介绍英语国家社会与文化背景的教科书，旨在帮助英语专业学生和英语自学者了解这些国家的社会与文化概貌，如地理，历史，政治，经济，社会生活和文化传统方面的基本知识。 （二）课程目的 该课程旨在提高英语水平为目的。该课程可以通过课文的学习和各种练习的实践，在教学过程中实行语言教学与文化知识课紧密相结合，以学生为中心，帮助学生能够理解课文，掌握英语，吸取知识，适当的补充对重大事件和人物的历史背景，典故，以提高学生的学习兴趣。课后可以适当布置一些思考题，指导学生进行有效的自学，拓宽他们的知识面。 （三）课程要求 该课程要求学生对英语国家的社会文化背景有一定的了解，能够对中西方社会和文化的差异有一定的理解和认识，正确看待中西方社会文化差异性与多元性。二、教学重点和难点 （一）教学重点 英国部分：英国历史、英国的经济制度和政策、英国的政治制度和政府机构、英国的福利制度。 美国部分：美国地理区域划分及人口结构、美国历史、美国经济特点、美国政治制度中的三权分立。 （二）教学难点 英国部分：英国的经济制度和政策、英国的政治制度和政府机构、英国的福利制度。 美国部分：美国地理区域划分及人口结构、美国经济特点、美国政治制度中的三权分立。
三、教学内容 第一章英国 第一课：英国的国土和人民 教学内容：英国的地理特征，四部分的山水河流，气候状况，英国的各个民族。这一部分主要从整体对大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国作一个综述。了解英国不同名称的含义，英国的地理特征、河流和湖泊、气候的特点以及影响气候的因素，了解英国的民族构成、人口结构及其特点；了解英国的语言构成及阶级状况。 第二课：英国历史 教学内容：英国的起源（1066年诺曼征服之前的历史，即英国早期遭受的三次外族入侵）：诺曼王朝，金雀花王朝，兰开斯特王朝，约克王朝，都铎王朝，斯图亚特王朝，克伦威尔时期的共和国，复辟时期，光荣革命，工业革命，宪章运动，英帝国的殖民扩张，一战及二战中的英国，战后到八十年代末的英国。 第三课：英国的经济制度和政策 教学内容：了解第二次世界大战后英国经济地位衰落的原因，经济发展的三个阶段的特点以及英国工业、农业等发展的概况。二战后，英国的经济政策经历了一系列的调节。从五六十年代的稳步发展，七十年代的经济衰退，到八十年代的撒切尔夫人的经济政策，英国从战前的日不落帝国变成一个二流强国。英国的工业，农业，外贸政策也将予以详细的说明。 第四课：英国的政治制度和政府机构 教学内容：英国君主立宪政体，由上院与下院组成的英国议会，英国的政党制度，中央政府机构以及地方政府机构。英国君主立宪制的构成，运行，英国的政党制度，行政机构等将在这一章予以详细介绍。 第五课：英国的社会福利制度 教学内容：英国社会的医疗保健制度、社会保障、宗教和节假日的概况。英国是一个福利国家，这一章介绍英国国民保健制度，和各种社会保险。 第六课：英国的社会文化 教学内容：介绍英国的社会文化；了解英国的教育制度、传播媒介、体育、艺术的概况。介绍英国的宗教信仰，节日庆典，文化教育，广播媒体，体育，文艺及娱乐活动。 第二章美国
英语国家概况期末复习2
人物与历史文献 US Tea Act 茶税法 The Treaty of Paris 巴黎公约1783年美英两国于巴黎签订的条约同样成为《巴黎条约》，该条约的签订代表着英国承认美国独立，停止敌对行为，但仅承认美国占领密西西比河以东的土地。 第二次大陆会议(The Second Continental Congress) 费城(Philadelphia)召开George Washington 乔治·华盛顿: commander in Continental Army ?美利坚合众国宪法?（The Constitution of the United States），通称?美国联邦宪法?或?美国宪法?（U.S. Constitution）1787年宪法 Thomas Jefferson托马斯·杰斐逊: The Declaration of Independence ?独立宣言? Abraham Lincoln亚伯拉罕·林肯: the Emancipation Proclamation ?解放黑人奴隶宣言? Homestead Act ?宅地法? Franklin D. Roosevelt富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福: The New Deal罗斯福新政1933年富兰克林·罗斯福就任美国总统后所实行的一系列经济政策，其核心是三个R：救济（Relief）、复兴（Recovery）和改革（Reform），因此有时也被称为三R新政。 Agricultural Adjustment Act ?农业调整法? National Industrial Recovery Act ?全国工业复兴法? ?社会保障法? 马丁．路德．金恩(Martin Luther King) Civil Rights Movement 民权运动 我有一个梦想(I Have a Dream) Harry Truman哈瑞．杜鲁门: 杜鲁门主义The Truman Doctrine 马歇尔计划（The Marshall Plan），也称为欧洲复兴计划European Recovery Program
英语国家概况精讲：第十三章 美国地理位置英语国家概况美国部分精讲系列
英语国家概况精讲：第十三章美国地理位置英语国家概况美国部分精讲系列 英语国家概况精讲：第十三章美国地理位置英语国家概况美国部分精讲系列 Chapter: 13 geography 地理位置 1.Alaska and Hawaii are the two newest states in American.Alaska northwestern Canada,and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific. 阿拉斯加和夏威夷是最近加入美国的两个新州。阿拉斯加在加拿大的西北部，夏威夷位邻中太平洋。（本细节还有考“一句话简答”的可能） 2。The U.S has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometres.It is the fourth largest country in the world in size after Russia,Canada and China. 就面积而言，美国是世界第四大国，就人口而言，美国是世界是第三大国。 3.Of all states of American,Alaska is the lagest in area and Rhode Island the smallest.But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country. 所有州中，阿拉斯加是面积最大的州，罗得岛最小，在美国大陆，最大的州是得克萨斯州。 4。The Rockies,the backbone of the North American Continent,is
8级英语国家概况必看
8级备考“英语国家概况”部分 地理 英国地理 国土由大不列颠Britain（其中包括南边的England, 最北的Scotland & 英格兰西侧的Wales）和西边的北爱尔兰组成。 英格兰和苏格兰之间以哈德良长城（Hadrain’s Wall）为界，当初罗马人为阻止凯尔特人南下而建。 英格兰首府是伦敦（London）。 苏格兰首府是爱丁堡（Edinburgh）。 威尔士首府是卡迪夫（Cardiff）。 北爱尔兰首府是贝尔法斯特（Belfast）。 Birmingham是英国第二大城市，仅次于伦敦，被称为“工业革命的发源地”（the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution）。 Manchester被誉为棉都（Cottonopolis），是英国的棉纺织业中心，也是英国的交通枢纽。 伦敦是英国的行政中心、金融中心、最重要的港口城市。 英国最长河流是塞文河（Severn River）。 英国的第二大河是泰晤士河（Thames River）。 英格兰人约占英国总人口的80%。 英格兰人口最为稠密，而苏格兰人口最为稀少。 不列颠群岛被天然分成两部分：高地和低地。高地地区包括北部和西部的高山和丘陵，低地地区位于南部和东部，大部分是起伏的平原。多数英国人生活在气候温和、土壤肥沃的低地地区（lowland zone）。 本宁山（The Pennine Chain）被称为“英格兰的屋脊”（the backbone of England）。 英国最高的山峰是本尼维斯山（Ben Nevis）。 美国地理 五大湖：Superior（苏必利尔湖）, Huron（休伦湖）, Erie（伊利湖）, Ontario（安大略湖）, Michigan （密歇根湖）, 除Michigan外，其他四个为美加共享。 新英格兰(New England) 包括Maine, Vermont, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island。其中，马萨诸塞州是最重要，也是人口最多的州。 Pacific Coast States（太平洋沿岸诸州）：Washington, Oregon, California。 首都Washington, D.C. 是为纪念华盛顿和哥伦布而命名。 New York 的别称：the Big Apple, the Capital of the World ，为美国最大城市。 Los Angeles被称为天使之城（The City of Angels），是“全球大众文化行业之都”（the capital of global popular culture industry）。 Boston是美国最古老的城市 Harvard为Massachusetts Institute of Technology所在地。 Detroit是Motor City。 Houston是美国南方第一大城，全国最大的石油中心。 最小的州是Rhode Island。 最大的州是Alaska。 落基山脉（The Rocky Mountains）被看成“北美洲的脊梁”（the backbone of the continent）。密西西比河（the Mississippi River）被称为美国的“河流之父”（the Father of Waters），是美国最长的河流。
英语国家概况谢福之课后答案简答题美国部分
第三大题 Chapter 8 1.How is the American population distributed? The distribution of the American population is rather uneven the most densely populated region is the northeastern part of the country、 The great plains have a comparatively small population 、the south also has a population of almost 57、5million、 the west is not densely populated ,except for some metropolitan centers like los A ngeles and san Francisco 、 it has about 20% of the nation’s population、 2.Why was the immigration act of 1942 instituted ? The new immigrants in the united states , being poor and accustomed to poverty , were wil ling to work for very low wages 、this made other workers afraid that the immigrants would ls and take jobs away from them 、 this opposition led to the immigration act of 1942、 Chapter 9 1.Why did American change its policy and enter world war II? Because of the formation of the axis , the American government feared that the axis countr ies were wining the war and it might threaten America’s security and interests 、 it began to provide war equipment to the foreign nations resisting the aggression of the axis power 、 th e Japanese air raid on pearl harbor became the direct cause for America’s entrance into the w ar、 2.What were Nixon’s well-known contributions during his presidency? a) brought the Vietnam war to a close b)reestablishing U、S、 relations with china c) negotiating the firststrategic arms limitation treaty with the former soviet union 、 3.What were the contents of Reagan’s economic program? Reagan’s economic program called for reductions in income taxes and business taxes in or der to encourage investment , and it also requested that many government regulations be el iminated so as to reduce the federal government’s role in the day-to-day operation of busine ss、 Chapter 10 1.What are the two characteristics of the U、S、 constitution? One is “checks and balances”, the other is that the power of the central government and the powers of state governments are specified、 2.What are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively? A senator must be over 30 years old , a U、 S、 citizen for at least nine years, and a resident in the state which they represent 、 a repres entative should be at least 25 years old and a U、S、 citizen for no less than seven years、 3.What are the major powers of the supreme court? a)to interpret laws b) to hear appeals from any federal court cases; c)to hear appeals from state court cases that involve the constitution or national laws
英语国家概况——美国篇(中译英自测)
第三部分美国 第十一章人口与民族 1移民是人口增长的一个主要来源.自从美国独立到20世纪60年代,美国的移民政策基本上是开放的.19世纪末20世纪初,纽约的埃利斯岛是一个重要的移民入境接待点. 2如今,80%到90%的美国移民来自亚洲和西班牙国家. 3美国人口最多的少数民族是黑人,大约占总人口的12.1%.1619年,第一批黑人作为奴隶被运到北美洲. 4《汤姆叔叔的小屋》和《根》这两部小说生动地描述了黑人奴隶的悲惨生活。 5、1863年林肯的《解放奴隶宣言》和1865年的宪法第13条修正案正式结束了奴隶制。 6、1964年《人民权法案》加强了对黑人的选举权、使用公共设施以及和白人享受同等教育的保护。此法案还包括保证黑人享有同等就业机会的条款。1965年《选举权法案》皆在保护黑人和其他人种的选举权。 第十二章美国历史（一） 1“最初的美国人”是印第安人。 2美洲的第一块土地英国殖民地于1607年在弗吉尼亚的詹姆斯顿建立。1607年至1733年间，英国在北美洲的东海岸建立了13个殖民地。 3、在1620年，102名英国清教徒乘坐一艘叫“五月花号”的船来到新大陆。他们来到普利茅斯建立了普利茅斯殖民地。 4、殖民主义者正在新大陆上建立一种崭新的生活方式。这些生活方式的特征在美国人的性格形成的过程中发挥了作用。这些特征是：建立代议制政府，法制，对个人权利的尊重，宗教上的宽容以及强烈的个人进取心。
5、1774年9月，第一次大陆会议在费城召开，号召北美人民拒绝购买英国商品。 6.《独立宣言》是由弗吉尼亚的托马斯·杰弗逊起草的，它明确阐述了支撑这场革命的政治理论，这一理论来源于英国的哲学家约翰·洛克。 7.1776年的圣诞节，美军在新泽西州的特伦顿击败了英军。之后不久，美军又在纽约州北部的萨拉托加击败了英军。这次胜利是北美独立战争的转折点，并直接导致美法联军的独立。 8、美国独立战争表明，在争议的战争中，弱国是可以击败强国的。这是一次历史性的事件：美国人民打碎了英国殖民统治的枷锁获得了独立，这也使资本主义得到了更加自由的发展机会。它还有巨大的国际影响。比如，西班牙在美洲的殖民地也相继起来推翻西班牙的殖民统治。 9、《联邦条例》在许多方面与众不同。第一，它不设国王。第二，条例把国会作为中央政府，但仍然侧重各州的权利。第三，《联邦条例》是美国的一部成文宪法。 -- 10、1787年5月，各州代表在费城召开会议，讨论怎样使《联邦条例》更充分。除罗德岛外，所有的州都派代表出席了这次制宪会议。 11、1781年3月，美国各州同意了《联邦条例》。《联邦条例》有两大严重缺陷：一是没有执法部门的执行机构；二是国会由于过于庞大起不到政府的作用，而且国会无权征税。 12.扩张主义运动产生了“天定命运”理论。这个短语最早出现在民主党政治家约翰·奥沙利文的文章中。