英语中六大从句用法总结

英语中六大从句用法总结1.主语从句

作形式主语，而1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it 将从句放在句末。常见的句型有：

*It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that...

*It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that...

*It is clear\important\likely\possible that...

*It is said\reported\estimated\has been proved that...

It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation.

It seems that the performance is very useful.

作形式主语。引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it2)what What we lack is experience.

都用陈述等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，3)what,who,when,why,whether 语序。

How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again.

I did know why I felt like crying.

2.宾语从句常可省略。介词后一般接疑）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that1只是）已构成固定搭配，其他),but that(因为),except that(除了问词引导的宾语从句。in that( 引导的宾语从句。介词后一般不接that *I promised that I would change the situation.

*All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship.

*He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children.

*This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long.

it2)宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。He has made it clear that he would not change his mind.

一般将否定词如果谓语是否定的，在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中，3) 移至主句谓语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。He didn't think that the money was well spent.

3.表语从句

表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用

that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外，还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because.

Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America.

The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.

It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller.

4.同位语从句由于先行名词的意引导，一般用连词that同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进

一步说明，有名词见常的先行，也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导。义不同由有时fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision. 于谓语较短，将同位语从句位于谓语之后。

She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show.

I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time.

The news came that their team had won the championship.

5.定语从句

定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是一个句子。定语从句通常位于先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。

*限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句修饰先行词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，若省去，原句意思不完整。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom,whose用于指人，whose有时也可指物，相当于of which；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定语从句中。关系代词除了引导定语从句，替代先行词外，还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。

The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations.

Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people.

The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother.

1)当先行词是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代词或先行词前有

first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容词最高级修饰时，只能用关系代词that引导从句。That is all that I've heard from him.

He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon.

2)关系代词的省略

在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。关系代词紧跟介词，作介词宾语时不可用that，只可用which或whom引导从句，并且不可省略，但当介词位于宾语从句句末时，作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that，也可省略。

This is one of those things with which we have to put up.

This is one of those things (which\that) we have to put up with.

等。关系副词在从句中作状语，意义上相当when,where,why3)引导定语从句的关系副词有于一个“介词+which”的结构。Even in comic books where(=in which) there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through

the drawings.

No one knows the reason why(=for which) he was so angry that day.

定语从句5. 非限制性定语从句*与主句之间有逗也可修饰整个主句，起补充说明作用，非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词，that引导非限制性定语从句。关系词不可省略。号隔开，若省去，原句意思不受影响。不可用

Every object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism.

“介词+which\whom\whose”引导的定语从句*”可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句，该结构+which\whom\whose“介词中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配，或先行词的习惯搭配。

This is the computer on which he spent all his savings

It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar.

引导的定语从句*as”的结构中，代替先行词是人或物”及“the same...asas引导的定语从句主要用于“such...as 引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个主句，从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间。的名词。as

problems) These are not such problems as can be easily solved.(as代替先行词

As is mentioned above,no single company or group can control what happens on the Internet.(as ) 代

替主语

6.状语从句

*时间状语从句

引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有：

1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等。

We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here.

2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely)...when,no sooner...than,each(every) time,the

moment,immediately(that)等。

As soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses.

The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy.

地点状语从句*

where,wherever. 引导地点状语从句的连词是Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her.

*原因、结果和目的状语从句because,as,since,now(that),seeing that,considering that,in ）引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：1 that等。Considering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well.

so...that,such...that 2)引导结果状语从句的连词有：,so that,that,so等。Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave.

等，从句常使用that,lestthat,for fear 引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that,in order 3) 等情态动词。may,might,can,could,would We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway station.

条件和让步状语从句*that,in as,on condition 有if,unless,as(so) long 句的连词和词组件1）引导条状语从case,provided(providing) that,supposing等。As long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data.

matter if,no 引导让步状语从句的连词和词组有though,although,whether,even though,even 2)等引导状语从句though,even ifwhat(when,how...),whatever(whenever,wherever,however....)等。的部分倒装结构，具有强调意义。其结构为“形容词（副词、动词、名词）as可转换成含有谓语”。+as+主语+ No matter what you may say,I would not change my mind.

Young as he is,he is quite experienced in this work.(=though he is young)

Child as he is,he can speak English fluently.(=though he is a child)

方式状语从句*引导的状语从句中，等。as if,as though引导方式状语从句的连词有as,just as,as if,as though 谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。

The young man made the experiment just as the teacher had taught him.

Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened.

总结

从句（Subordinate Clause）是复合句中不能独立成句，但具有主语部分和谓语部分，由that、who、when等引导词（Connective）引导的非主句部分。

[编辑本段]分类

从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。前四类由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词，所以通称名词性从句；后两类定语从句和状语从句功用相当于形容词，称为形容词性从句。状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、方位状语从句和时间状语从句。

1.主语从句（Subject Clause）：用作主语的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等。．

2.表语从句（Predicative Clause）：用作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大都一样。

3.宾语从句（Object Clause）：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。

[编辑本段]宾语从句

第一部分

一.、定义：

宾语从句就是一个句子作动词或介词的宾语。

二、学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。

连接词一般都是that(指事务或人),which（指事）,who（指人）

1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。

2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。在whether…or not结构中不能用if替换。3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。★当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他

判断时态情况：

1.主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况

2.主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句描绘客观事实，用一般现在时

3.主句是一般将来时，一般从句为一般现在时（“主将从现”）

例题：

〈1. The teacher told the children that the sun＿＿＿＿round.

A. was

B. is

C. were

D. are

〈2. I believe that our team＿＿＿＿the basketball match.

A. win

B. won

C. will win

D. wins

〈3. I don't know＿＿＿＿to visit the old man.

A. whether

B. if

C. that

D. who

〈4.The soldiers soon reached( )was once an old temple( )the villagers used as a school.

A.which;where

B.what;which

C.where;which

D.what;where

答4：选B，动词reach后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，where不可，which引导宾语从句时表疑问含义“哪一个…”而此句中并非疑问含义，不知道哪一座庙宇，而是用what从句表陈述含义，意“过去的一座旧庙宇”；temple后为对其修饰的定语从句，用关系代词which代替，并在从句中作动词used的宾语，use sth. as…“把…用作…

宾语从句，在复合句中作宾语，位于及物动词后；

Tell him which class you are in ．

Do you know what he likes？

(1)主、从句时态一致：

主句谓语过去时，从句相应过去时；

He answered that he was listening to me.

主句谓语现在时，从句时态任所需；

He says (that) he will leave a message on my desk.

They know (that) he is working hard.

具体过去永不变，真理格言现在时；

He told me that he was born in 1980.

Father told me that practice makes perfect .

（2）否定前移，及完成反意问句；

在think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect等动词后跟宾语从句否定式时，应转移到主句上去，完成反意疑问句时，应与从句主、谓保持一致。（注: 否定前移的条件是，主句主语是第一人称）

I don't think you are right ,are you ?

I don't believe they have finished their work yet,have they ?

（3）在表示建议suggest , advise

要求demand 、desire、require、request、propose；

决定decide; 命令order、command; 坚决主张insist;

等动词后跟宾语从句，用（should）+v．（虚拟语气）

eg．I suggested that you（should）study hard．

He ordered that we should go out at once．

（4）如果宾语从句后有宾语补足语，用it作形式宾语，把宾语从句后置

eg．You may think it strange that he would live there．

（5）宾语从句that常可省略，但在以下情况下不能省略

A．当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其他不能省略。eg．I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get bet?鄄ter．

B．当it作形式宾语时

eg．She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him．

C．当宾语从句前置时

eg．That our team will win，I believe．

三、分类

A 、作动词的宾语:

eg．I heard the news

I 主语heard 谓语动词the news.名词作宾语

I主语heard 谓语动词that he would come here later on.一个句子作宾语---宾语从句

B 、作介词的宾语:

eg．He said nothing about this plan 。

He主语said 谓语动词nothing 代词作动词的宾语about 介词the plan. 名词作介词的宾语

四、带有宾语从句的复合句的构成:

带有宾语从句的复合句就是用连接词把一个主句和一个宾语从句连接在一起。连接词有：that(可省略)，what, who, when, where, why, which, if, whether, how.

五、注意：

宾语从句必须用陈述语序。A

False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.

Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.

B 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。

Bad: I thought that he could finish this job in just two hours impossible.

Good: I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours.

Bad: He left whether we should continue this project to my judgment.

Good: He left it to my judgment whether we should continue this project.

C 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。

Bad: I think he doesn't like the English teacher.

Good: I don't think he likes the English teacher.

D False: He wanted to know why he is crying in the corner.

Right: He wanted to know why he was crying in the corner.

4.同位语从句（Appositive Clause）：与先行词同位或等同的从句叫作同位语从句。其关联词多为that。

5.定语从句（Attributive Clause）：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般皆放在被它所修饰的名（代）词之后，这种名（代）词就叫作先行词（Antecedent）。引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词(或称引导词、关系词等）。关系代词在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语等；关系副词在定语从句中用作状语。

①引导定语从句的关联词有who, whom, whose, that, when, where, why 和which. 在非限

制定语从句中, 只可用which, who, whose, where , when., 如果指代前面整个句子, 多用which. 例句：

The dog that/which was lost has been found. （失踪的狗已经找到了。）

Those who are in favor of the proposal are expected to discuss it in detail after the meeting. （有人认为那些对这个提案有兴趣的人最好是在会后再具体讨论它。）

There are many organizations whose purpose is to help the homeless. （存在着许多旨在帮助无家可归者的组织。）

The days when we had to rely on wool, cotton or silk for our clothes have now passed.

（那种必须依赖羊毛，棉花或者蚕丝做衣服的日子已经过去了。）

Air moves from places where the pressure was high to places where the pressure is low. （空气从压强高的地方流向压强低的地方。）

This is the reason why he refused to help us. （这就是他拒绝帮助我们的原因。）

He was born in 1976, when an earthquake struck the country. （他出生于1976年，这一年这个城镇发生了地震。）

They turned a blind eye to the suffering of the people, which enraged all of us. （他们对受苦人们的漠视激怒了我们。）

②当引导定语从句的先行词前有all, any, no, little, much, very first 等词, 或先行词前为形容词最高级所修饰时,或先行词为all, anything, nothing, something, everything 时,从句的引导词只能用that.

The only thing that matters to the children is how soon they can have their holiday. （孩子们唯一关心的是他们什么时候放假。）

（真正困扰我的是这些观点。）These are the very points that puzzle me.

Is there anything that bothers you? （有什么事烦着你吗？）

This is the best film that was ever produced by the company. （这部是那个公司有史以来拍摄得最好的电影。）

③as 可做引导词引导定语从句, 多和such, the same 连用. As 引导的定语从句也可修饰整个句子, 既可放在先行词后,也可放在句子开头.

例句：

Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.（你描述的那一类人现在很少了。）

The boy was run over by a motor-car, as often happened in pre-liberation Shanghai.（那个男孩被一辆摩托轧过去了，这种事在解放前的上海是不少见的。）

As is often the case, the girl forgot to bring her dictionary.（正如往常一样，这个女孩又忘了带上字典。）

We are opposed to such ideas as are not based upon objective facts.（我们是反对这种毫无事实根据的想法的。）

④介词+which/whom/whose从句

The driver is the man from whose room she had stolen the gold watch.（她就是从那个司机的房间偷了金表的。）

Language is a tool by means of which people communicate ideas with each other.（语言就是人们用来和其他人交流的一种工具。）

Jane spent all evening talking about her latest book, of which none of us had ever heard.（Jane一晚上都在谈论着也最近学课本，那些内容我们闻所未闻。）

例题：

Water dissolves a part of nearly everything _______ it comes in contact.

a. where

b. that c with which d as soon as

⑤代/名+介词+which 从句

He is needing a book, the name of which I don't know.（他需要一本书，但是我不知道书名。）In factories and in our daily life, there are many waste materials, all of which can he

turned into useful things under certain condition.（在工厂里，在我们的日常生活中都有很多垃