计算机专业英语第4次作业
计算机专业英语第4次作业
1.Windows gives you more control over the__A___ your work.
A：operation
B：way
C：energy
D：power
2.Tea or coffee ? Which is your___A___?
A：preference
B：confusion
C：puzzle
D：mixture
3.Programs that can destroy another computer's programs are called__D_.
A：games
B：computer languages
C：bugs
D：viruses
4.You were _C___ to us by our associates.
A：told
B：suggest
C：recommended
D：informed
5.You should be able to tell the meaning of this word from its ___C____.
A：company
B：conclusion
C：context
D：communication
6.___B___ refers to the parts of the computer that you can see and touch.
A：Software
B：Hardware
C：Hardship
D：Instruction
7.___C______that, I could do it much better.
A：If I do
B：If I were do
C：Were I to do
D：Were I do
8.A network is a group of computers linked by communication lines .
正确
9.Most RAM is temporary, losing its contents when the computer's power is turned off.
正确
10.A program is a series of instruction that guides a computer through a process.
正确
11.写出下列术语的英文或中文意思。
1 message encryption 参考答案： 1 信息加密（术）
2 客户机-服务器结构 2 client-server architecture
3 关系数据库 3 relational database
4 microwave radio 4 微波无线电
5 digital television 5 数字电视
12：[论述题]12.阅读下列短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
For every man in the Civil War who died in battle, two or three men died of disease. Doctors of that time knew very little about causes of sickness or ways of preventing it. Thousands of men in poor health became soldiers. Hundreds of others had never had childhood diseases. Many of these soldiers could not withstand the epidemics of measles, mumps, and whooping cough that went through the camps.
Army life was hard. Soldiers got few fruits or vegetables. There was no milk unless they happened to find a cow. Neither their clothes nor their shelters protected the troops from rain, snow, and cold. Sickness and disease were spread by insects, rats, and impure drinking water. Often the men drank straight from muddy streams. Gunshot wounds were serious, as in any war,
but they did not cause as much death and suffering as disease did.
1. Disease caused__________
A.only a few deaths.
B.Fewer deaths than wounds did.
C. More deaths than wounds did.
D.Both A and B
2. Doctors at the time of the Civil War knew____________
A.a lot about curing disease.
B.Little about the causes of disease.
C.Only how to prevent disease.
D.Both A and C
3. Men who were accepted as Civil War soldiers were___________
A.known to have already had measles and mumps.
B. Required to be in perfect health
C. Able to withstand epidemics easily
D.Sometimes in poor health
4. Army life was hard on the troops because____________
A.they were not sheltered from the cold
B.they had no warm clothing.
C.Their diets lacked good, healthful food
D.All of the above
5. The best title for this selection is__________
A. Disease.
B. The Greatest Danger
C.Insects, Rats, and Gunshot Wounds
D. The History of Epidemics Passage 2
Can you imagine ice that does not melt and is not wet? Have you ever heard of dry ice? Dry ice is made by freezing a gas. It is quite different from ordinary ice, which is simply frozen water.
Dry ice was first manufactured in 1925.It has since fulfilled the hopes of its inventor. It can be used for making artificial fog in the movies. When steam is passed over dry ice, a very dense vapor rises. It can also be used for destroying insects in grain supplies. It is more practical than ordinary ice because it takes less space and is 142 degrees colder. Since it turns into steam instead of melting into water, it is cleaner to use. For these reasons it is extremely popular, and many people prefer it to ordinary ice.
Dry ice is so cold that, if you touch it with your bare fingers, in will burn you.
6. When was dry ice was first made ?
A.1925
B.1920
C.1924
D.1923
7.What is ice made of ?
A. Chemicals
B. Vapor
C. Water
D. Gas
8.How is an artificial fog made in the movies ?
A. by passing steam over dry ice
B. by turning ordinary ice into steam
C. by heating dry ice
D. by mixing dry ice with ordinary ice.
9.What is the advantages of dry ice over ordinary ice ?
A. It takes a longer time to melt
B. It is cleaner to use
C. It is not so cold as ordinary ice
D. It is colder as ordinary ice
10. According to the passage, which of the following statement is true ?
A. dry ice is made of vapor
B. Dry ice is not able to burn you.
C. dry ice is not so cold as ordinary ice
D. dry ice is colder than 142 degree.
参考答案：1-5CBDDB 6-10 ADABC
13：[论述题]13.请将下列英语句子翻译成汉语，要求内容忠实原文，语句通顺，逻辑清楚，表达正确。
1.To be part of the Internet a computer must have a unique Internet Protocol (IP) network address so that messages can be correctly routed to and from the machine over the Internet. Internet addresses are called URLs(Uniform Resource Locators).
2.The amount of data that a computer network can transmit is called the bandwidth of the network and is usually measured in kilobits per second (Kbps) or megabitsper second (Mbps).
3.Disgruntled employees sometimes attempt to destroy computers, programs, or files. In recent years, computer viruses have gained wide notoriety. Viruses are programs that "migrate” through networks and operating systems and attach themselves to different programs and databases.
参考答案：1.作为互联网的一部分，一台计算机必须有一个单独的互联网协议（IP）网络地址，以便使信息通过正确的路由从计算机发送到互联网上。互联网地址被称为网址（统一资源定位器）。
2.数据的量是指计算机网络可以传输的所谓的网络带宽，通常以每秒（kbps）或每秒兆位（Mbps）千位计算的数额。
3.心怀不满的员工有时企图破坏计算机，程序或文件。近年来，计算机病毒已得到广泛的恶名。病毒是程序通过网络和操作系统进行"迁移”来感染不同的程序和数据库。
14：[论述题]14.请将下列汉语句子翻译成英文，要求内容忠实原文，语句通顺，逻辑清楚，表达正确。
1.编程语言使用特定类型的语句或指令，来给程序提供功能结构。
2.人们容易相信：计算机一旦有了宽带连接，就能全部剧本协同工作的能力。
3.在大多数现实的计算机网络中，两个主要组成部分是公用电话网和数据网。
4.因特网由一个称为阿帕网的计算机网络发展而来。
参考答案：1.Programming languages use specific types of statements, or instructions, to provide functional structure to the program.
2.It would be easy to assume that computers will all be able to work together once they have broadband connection
3.Two major components in most real computer networks are the public telephone and data networks.
4.The internet grew out of a computer network called ARPANET.
15：[论述题]15.根据具体要求写一篇80字左右的短文，要求作文切题、意义连贯、文字通顺，并符合英文表达习惯。假设你是小明，在2009年6月1日星期四的报纸上，看到了一则招聘物理教师的广告，请写信给招聘单位人事处的Mr.Smith 表达求职意向。基本内容如下：1.表达自己想应聘该职位，并且具有了一定的任教经验；2.自己的简历已经附在附件里；3.期望尽快得到回复；4.其他内容，以使得文字连贯，通畅。
参考答案：Dear Mr.Smith,
I am very interested in the Physics Teacher position advertised in newspaper on Thursday, June 1, 2009. With more than 3 years of experience in teaching Physics in Chongqing No. 1 Middle School, I feel that I would be an excellent candidate.
Please find my resume enclosed in the attachment. If you need more information, please contact with me without hesitate.
Looking forward to your reply as soon as possible.
With best wishes to you.
Sincerely Yours
Xiao ming
计算机专业英语第4次作业
计算机专业英语第4次作业 1.Windows gives you more control over the__A___ your work. A：operation B：way C：energy D：power 2.Tea or coffee ? Which is your___A___? A：preference B：confusion C：puzzle D：mixture 3.Programs that can destroy another computer's programs are called__D_. A：games B：computer languages C：bugs D：viruses 4.You were _C___ to us by our associates. A：told B：suggest C：recommended D：informed 5.You should be able to tell the meaning of this word from its ___C____. A：company B：conclusion C：context D：communication 6.___B___ refers to the parts of the computer that you can see and touch. A：Software
B：Hardware C：Hardship D：Instruction 7.___C______that, I could do it much better. A：If I do B：If I were do C：Were I to do D：Were I do 8.A network is a group of computers linked by communication lines . 正确 9.Most RAM is temporary, losing its contents when the computer's power is turned off. 正确 10.A program is a series of instruction that guides a computer through a process. 正确 11.写出下列术语的英文或中文意思。 1 message encryption 参考答案： 1 信息加密（术） 2 客户机-服务器结构 2 client-server architecture 3 关系数据库 3 relational database 4 microwave radio 4 微波无线电 5 digital television 5 数字电视 12：[论述题]12.阅读下列短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 For every man in the Civil War who died in battle, two or three men died of disease. Doctors of that time knew very little about causes of sickness or ways of preventing it. Thousands of men in poor health became soldiers. Hundreds of others had never had childhood diseases. Many of these soldiers could not withstand the epidemics of measles, mumps, and whooping cough that went through the camps. Army life was hard. Soldiers got few fruits or vegetables. There was no milk unless they happened to find a cow. Neither their clothes nor their shelters protected the troops from rain, snow, and cold. Sickness and disease were spread by insects, rats, and impure drinking water. Often the men drank straight from muddy streams. Gunshot wounds were serious, as in any war,
计算机专业英语作文
计算机专业英语 系别：数学系 班级：11级计算机二班姓名：徐小凤学号：110312248
Robot Competition From 11th to 13th October 2013, these three days are special for my teammates and me. I took part in the fifth Robot Competition of Anhui province. After continuous efforts, we got the third prize in the end. In April 2013, this competition was announced in our class by Mr He. In that moment, many students registered for the competition. After hardly training, there were only fifteen students remaining. We were divided into five teams. Each included three people. There were three teams taking part in wheel type robot competition (or named intelligent car). And the other two majored in dancing robot. My two roommates and I engaged in the designing of robot dance. We controlled the robots by program. But the program was programmed in BASIC, which is a high level programming language. The problem was that we had never touched to that language besides C or C++. So, we must learn the language before designing the action. It seemed difficult but we had never lost our courage. After seeking enough data from the Internet and the library, we spent about a few weeks to learn it. When we felt the fundamental grammar was easy, we began to design the dancing action. That was the most important and most difficult part. We spent much time on
计算机专业英语第3章在线测试
A B C D The data, when they are not encrypted, are called A B C D A virus is a A B C D Many viruses go resident in the memory like a ( ). A B C D Now, about ( ) different viruses account for all the viruses that actually spread in t A B C D
C、attack phase D、creaｔe phase 2、( ) maybe a certain cause that some viruses infect upon. A、a day B、a time C、an external event on your PC D、a counter within the virus 3、Many viruses do harmful things such as ( ). A、deleting files B、simulating typos C、slowing your PC down D、changing random data on your disk 4、If a virus simply reproduce and have no cause for an attack phase, but it will still ( ) without your permission. A、stealing storage B、pilfer CPU cycles C、del＿ete files D、play music 5、Some viruses, with no attack phase, often damage the programs or disks they infect bec ause they ( ). A、have bugs in them B、contain poor quality code C、steal storage D、show messages on your screen 第三题、判断题（每题1分，5道题共5分）
计算机专业英语第四章译文
第四单元 课文A：计算机程序 一、引言 计算机程序是指导计算机执行某个功能或功能组合的一套指令。要使指令得到执行，计算机必须执行程序，也就是说，计算机要读取程序，然后按准确的顺序实施程序中编码的步骤，直至程序结束。一个程序可多次执行，而且每次用户输给计算机的选项和数据不同，就有可能得到不同的结果。 程序可分为两大类：应用程序和操作系统。应用程序直接为用户执行某项功能，如字处理或玩游戏。操作系统管理计算机和与之相连的各种资源和设备，如随机访问存储器、硬盘驱动器、监视器、键盘、打印机和调制解调器，以便使其他程序可以使用它们。操作系统的例子包括：DOS、Windows 95、OS/2和UNIX。 二、程序开发 软件设计者通过特殊的应用程序来开发新程序，这些应用程序常被称作实用程序或开发程序。程序员使用称作文本编辑器的另一种程序，来以称作编程语言的特殊标记编写新程序。使用文本编辑器，程序员创建一个文本文件，这个文本文件是一个有序指令表，也称为程序源文件。构成程序源文件的单个指令被称为源代码。在这个时候，一种特殊的应用程序将源代码翻译成机器语言或目标代码——操作系统将认作真程序并能够执行的一种格式。 将源代码翻译成目标代码的应用程序有3种：编译器、解释器和汇编程序。这3种应用程序在不同类型的编程语言上执行不同的操作，但是它们都起到将编程语言翻译成机器语言的相同目的。 编译器将使用FORTRAN、C和Pascal等高级编程语言编写的文本文件一次性从源代码翻译成目标代码。这不同于BASIC等解释执行的语言所采取的方式，在解释执行的语言中程序是随着每条指令的执行而逐个语句地翻译成目标代码的。解释执行的语言的优点是，它们可以立即开始执行程序，而不需要等到所有的源代码都得到编译。对程序的更改也可以相当快地作出，而无需等到重新编译整个程序。解释执行的语言的缺点是，它们执行起来慢，因为每次运行程序，都必须对整个程序一次一条指令地翻译。另一方面，编译执行的语言只编译一次，因此计算机执行起来要比解释执行的语言快得多。由于这个原因，编译执行的语言更常使用，而且在专业和科学领域几乎总是得到采用。 另一种翻译器是汇编程序，它被用于以汇编语言编写的程序或程序组成部分。汇编语言也是一种编程语言，但它比其他类型的高级语言更接近于机器语言。在汇编语言中，一条语句通常可以翻译成机器语言的一条指令。今天，汇编语言很少用来编写整个程序，而是最经常地采用于程序员需要直接控制计算机某个方面功能的场合。 程序经常被编写作一套较小的程序段，每段代表整个应用程序的某个方面。各段独立编译之后，一种被称为连接程序的程序将所有编译好的程序段组合成一个可以执行的完整程
计算机专业英语作业及答案
计算机专业英语作业答案（供参考） 计算机专业英语作业1 第1－3章作业一．( 词汇) (一)．(写出下列词组的汉语。) 1．（）中央处理器 2 标题栏 3．操作系统4．个人计算机 5．菜单栏6．桌面排版 7．电子表格8．硬盘 9．数据库10．光标 (二)．.(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。) 1．随机存储器2．只读存储器 3．传输控制协议P 4．数字视频光盘5．通用串行总线6．计算机辅助设计7．计算机辅助制造8．中央处理器 (三)．.(根据汉语写出相应的英语。) 1．键盘2．鼠标3．扫描仪 4．打印机5．输入6．输出 7．显示器8．存储器9．数据库 10．操作系统11．应用软件 12．字处理器13．网络浏览器 二．(T) (F).(判断正误。) 1．, . (√)
2．'s . (√) 3．: . (√) 4． a 2000 . (×) 5．( ) a . (√) 6. , a . (√) 7. , ’s . (×) 8. ’t . (×) 9. . (×) 10. . (×). 三．.(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。) （一）． 1. （） a. 操作系统 2. b. 输入. 3. ( ) c. 只读存储器 4. ( ) d. 应用软件 5. e. 中央处理器 6. f. 系统软件 7. g. 硬件 8. h. 随机存储器 9. i. 内存 10. j. 输出 1．e 6. j 2．g 7．a 3．h 8. d 4．c 9. f 5．b 10. i (二) ． 1. a
2. b a 3. c 4 d a 0 1 5. e a 6. f 7. g 8. h a 9. i a 1．d 6. a 2．g 7．f 3．h 8. c 4．b 9. e 5．i 四．, . （从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空。） 1． () . , a . , . , , . , . 2. , , . , a a a , a , a , a . , , . a , , a . , 1-2-3 . a , a ( ) . 3.
计算机专业英语作业(1).
计算机专业英语作业(1 一、Translate the following sentences into English or Chinese. 1.计算机 2.多媒体 3.硬件 4.软件 5.输入设备 6.存储器 7.外部设备8.处理器 9.鼠标10.语音识别 11.扫描仪12.寄存器 13.Arithmetic and logic unit 14.Binary form 15.Control unit 16.Instruction cycle 17.Execution cycle 18.Central processing unit 19.Universal serial bus 20.Universal parallel bus 二、For each of the following blanks, four choices are given. Choose the most appropriate one. 1.A personal computer keyboard includes . a.a typewriter layout and a set of arrow keys
b.a numeric keypad C.a Set of function keys d.a11 of above 2.A display is a device that is used to display . a.numbers letters b.special characters c. graphic information d.all of above 3.system software includes and . a.operating system and application software b.operating system and programming language c.special—purpose programs and application software d.OS and special—purpose programs https://www.360docs.net/doc/0617419541.html,rmation flows from a computer into a peripheral device as . a.output b.memory c.a program d.input 5.programs are known collectively as .
计算机专业英语教程参考答案
计算机专业英语练习参考答案 Unit 1 [Ex 1] 1..F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.T 7.T 8.T 9.T 10.F [Ex 2] 1.input, storage, processing, and output 2. power, speed, memory 3. central processing unit 4. internal, primary, memory 5. keyboard, central processing unit, main memory, monitor [Ex 3] A. 1.F 2.D 3.G 4.C 5.B 6.E 7.H 8.A B. https://www.360docs.net/doc/0617419541.html,er 2.monitor 3.data 4.keyboard 5.data processing 6. information https://www.360docs.net/doc/0617419541.html,puter 8.memory [Ex 4] 1.input device 2. screen, screen 3.manipulates 4.instructions 5.retrieve
6.code 7.hard copy 8.function/code/instruction [Ex 5] 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.F Unit 2 [Ex 1] 1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.T 7.T 8.F [Ex 2] 1. sizes, shapes, processing capabilities 2. supercomputer, mainframe computer, minicomputers, microcomputers 3. mainframe computer 4.microcomputers, storage locations 5. portables, laptop computers/ notebook/palm-sized computer, desktop workstations 6.semiconductor 7. CPU, memory, storage, devices, processing, users 8. microprocessor ship [Ex 3] A. 1.C 2.A 3.H 4.I 5.E 6.F 7.G 8.B
济南大学计算机专业英语第一章答案
Homework of Chapter One 1. Chapter 1 Multiple Choice Select the best answer for each question below. When you are finished, check your answers by clicking the 'Check Answers' button at the bottom of the page. 1. People, procedures, software, hardware, and data are the five parts of a(n) competency system computer system information system software system 2. Procedures are typically documented in manuals written by computer specialists end users Microsoft service providers 3. Which of the following is an example of connectivity data hard disk
Internet power cord 4. Windows 7 is an example of a(n) application software browser operating system shareware 5. The most powerful type of computer. mainframe computers microcomputers minicomputers supercomputers 6. The system component that controls and manipulates data in order to produce information is called the keyboard microprocessor monitor mouse
计算机英语课后习题第四版总结
UNIT 1 词组翻译 1. artificial intelligence 人工智能 2. paper-tape reader 纸带阅读器 3. optical computer 光计算机 4. neural network 神经网络 5. instruction set 指令集 6. parallel processing 并行处理 7. difference engine 差分机 8. versatile logical element 通用逻辑元件 9. silicon substrate 硅衬底 10. vacuum tube 真空管 11. 数据的存储与处理the storage and handling of data 12. 超大规模集成电路very large-scale integrated circuit 13. 中央处理器central processing unit 14. 个人计算机personal computer 15. 模拟计算机analogue computer 16. 数字计算机digital computer 17. 通用计算机general-purpose computer 18. 处理器芯片processor chip 19. 操作指令operating instructions 20. 输入设备input device
完形填空 We can define a computer as a device that accepts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output. According to the mode of processing, computers are either analog or digital. They can also be classified as mainframes, minicomputers, workstations, or microcomputers. All else (for example, the age of the machine) being equal, this categorization provides some indication of the computer’s speed, size, cost, and abilities. Ever since the advent of computers, there have been constant changes. First-generation computers of historic significance, such as UNIVAC (通用自动计算机), introduced in the early 1950s, were based on vacuum tubes. Second-generation computers, appearing in the early 1960s, were those in which transistors replaced vacuum tubes. In third-generation computers, dating from the 1960s, integrated circuits replaced transistors. In fourth-generation computers such as microcomputers, which first appeared in the mid-1970s, large-scale integration enabled thousands of circuits to be incorporated on one chip. Fifth-generation computers are expected to combine very-large-scale integration with sophisticated approaches to computing, including artificial intelligence and true distributed processing. 翻译P9 计算机将变得更加先进，也将变得更加容易使用。 语音识别的改进将使计算机的操作更加容易。 虚拟现实，即使用所有人类官能与计算机进行交互的技术，也将有助于创建更好的人机接口。人们正在开发其他的奇异计算模型，包括使用生物机体的生物计算、使用具有特定属性的分子的分子计算，以及使用遗传基本单位DNA （脱氧核糖核酸）存储数据和执行运算的计算。 这些都是可能的未来计算平台的例子，而它们迄今还能力有限或完全属于理论范畴。 科学家们研究它们，是因为嵌入硅中的电路的微小型化受到物理限制。
计算机专业英语作业
计算机专业英语作业： 1、请将视频“什么是电脑硬件”中所述内容用英文表示。 For most people, computers are becoming a part of real life, the film will help you konw how it works. Their interior looks very complicated, but if the decomposition of parts, you will see a simple side of computers , This is《computer hardware in Plaining English 》,you see them, they are coming all shapes and sizes,but its work in some ways. In fact, if you can see their internals of computers, You will find that they all have the basic parts,the haddwares,do large part of the works in the computers.to explan,let’s look at some things you know ,like a house.what a great thing in the house is you have full space to put all the iterms.in fact ,many houses have basements.The basement is a good place to store debris.Basement, the more you can store.The same principle applies to computers.We need not boxes and bicycles, but photos, music, documents and https://www.360docs.net/doc/0617419541.html,plete this task in the computer hard drive rather than in the basement, a computer hard drive, holds all your files will be used later, like basements, like the larger hard drive, the more things you can store. Basement is not perfect, going to the basement to take the things you need to spend much time, maybe put a cupboard on the ground floor can help you solve this problem, you can quickly get the items you want, although the cabinet can not put too many items, at least you do not always go to the basement, in the computer too, The computer can not quickly access to the data stored in the hard disk, because the computer go a long way to gain access to the hard disk data. In the computer memory (RAM) is like a cupboard, RAM's full name is called [random access memory], which allows the computer to access data more quickly and, of course, it also means that the operation of RAM to make your computer faster , but this cupboard (RAM) has a drawback, the memory will be cleared of stored data When every time you restart, of course, to make the house a variety of household appliances can operate at the appropriate time, you must have an Explorer to help you manage these appliances, if the weather is too hot , you maybe need to open the air conditioner to adjust the temperature, when it is dark, you need to turn on the lights. Computers, too, must have a bit Explorer to ensure that all other parts are functioning properly, the Explorer is the processor (CPU), small size of the processor, like a computer exclusive (in charge), it will send and receive information and to assist the software to complete the work. The faster the processor, the faster execution speed of the computer would be, so, let us revisit. Hard drive, like a basement, it can store the information you need. Memory, like a cupboard, which can increase data access speed. Processor, like the Field Explorer, always able to complete the work that we deliver, but also to ensure the normal operation of the various parts. Next time, when you use the computer, think about plain English in the host computer's computer hardware what happened, the various parts of computer hardware complement each other, to help you do all the things I Common Craft's Lee LeFever, "Computer hardware of Plaining English "The film recorded by me, if you need a higher quality video, or need to use the authorization of the film, please contact me https://www.360docs.net/doc/0617419541.html, website. 2、请将以下英文翻译为中文。
计算机专业英语教程(第四版)习题答案解析
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计算机英语(第4版) 刘艺 课文参考译文
《计算机英语（第4版）》参考译文 第一单元：计算机与计算机科学 课文A：计算机概览 一、引言 计算机是一种电子设备，它能接收一套指令或一个程序，然后通过对数字数据进行运算或对其他形式的信息进行处理来执行该程序。 要不是由于计算机的发展，现代的高科技世界是不可能产生的。不同类型和大小的计算机在整个社会被用于存储和处理各种数据，从保密政府文件、银行交易到私人家庭账目。计算机通过自动化技术开辟了制造业的新纪元，而且它们也增强了现代通信系统的性能。在几乎每一个研究和应用技术领域，从构建宇宙模型到产生明天的气象报告，计算机都是必要的工具，并且它们的应用本身就开辟了人们推测的新领域。数据库服务和计算机网络使各种各样的信息源可供使用。同样的先进技术也使侵犯个人隐私和商业秘密成为可能。计算机犯罪已经成为作为现代技术代价组成部分的许多风险之一。 二、历史 第一台加法机是法国科学家、数学家和哲学家布莱斯?帕斯卡于1642年设计的，它是数字计算机的先驱。这个装置使用了一系列带有10个齿的轮子，每个齿代表从0到9的一个数字。轮子互相连接，从而通过按照正确的齿数向前转动轮子，就可以将数字彼此相加。17世纪70年代，德国哲学家和数学家戈特弗里德?威廉?莱布尼兹对这台机器进行了改良，设计了一台也能做乘法的机器。 法国发明家约瑟夫―玛丽?雅卡尔，在设计自动织机时，使用了穿孔的薄木板来控制复杂图案的编织。在19世纪80年代期间，美国统计学家赫尔曼?何勒里斯，想出了使用类似雅卡尔的木板那样的穿孔卡片来处理数据的主意。通过使用一种将穿孔卡片从电触点上移过的系统，他得以为1890年的美国人口普查汇编统计信息。 1、分析机 也是在19世纪，英国数学家和发明家查尔斯?巴比奇，提出了现代数字计算机的原理。他构想出旨在处理复杂数学题的若干机器，如差分机。许多历史学家认为，巴比奇及其合伙
计算机专业英语作业(2)
计算机专业英语作业（2） 一、Translate the following sentences into English or Chinese. 1．热插拔2．操作系统 3．芯片组4．输入输出端口 5．挂接设备6．键盘 7．触摸屏8．屏幕指针 9．光笔10．游戏杆 11．轨迹球12．显示屏 13．图标14．图形符号 15．高速缓冲存储器16．外部总线 17．远程访问18．调制解调器 19．宽带20．激光打印机 21．Crosshair cursor 22．Dragging and dropping 23．Portable computer 24．Machine address 25．Non-impact method 26．Monochrome output 27．Grayscale output 28．Ink-jet printer 29．Solid-ink printer 30．High-intensity laser beam 31．Replaceable color cartridge 32．Thermal-transfer printer 33．Thermal-wax-transfer printer 34．Dye-sublimation printer 二、For each of the following blanks, four choices are given. Choose the most appropriate one. 1．The basic input device on a sma11 computer is a ． a．display screen b．keyboard
计算机专业英语
Chapter1 Competencies After you have read this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Explain the five parts of an information system: people, procedures, software, hardware, and data. 2. Distinguish between system software and application software. 3. Discuss the three kinds of system software programs. 4. Distinguish between basic and specialized application software. 5. Identify the four types of computers and the four types of microcomputers. 6. Describe the different types of computer hardware including the system unit, input, output, storage, and communication devices. 7. Define data and describe document, worksheet, database, and presentation files. 8. Explain computer connectivity, the wireless revolution, and the Internet. 第一章能力 当你阅读本章，你应该能够： 1。解释了信息系统的五个部分：人，程序，软件， 硬件和数据。