英语口译政治经济词汇

口译分类词汇--政治政府

按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策a policy of purchasing grain without limitations at protective prices

把处理事与处理人结合起来integrate the handling of cases with the handling of violators

把有限的资金用在“刀刃上” use our limited funds where they can be put to best use

保持经济适度快速增长maintain an appropriate rapid economic growth

保监会the China Insurance Regulatory Commission

保证国家的长治久安guarantee China’s long-term stability

保证社会公共需要guarantee social needs

保证这些项目如期建成并发挥效益ensure that these projects are completed according to schedule and yield economic returns

避免形成倒逼机制、欲罢不能The uncompleted projects cannot drag on and on and require excessive investment. 不合法、不合理基金和收费项目illegal and unjustifiable funds and charges

不会导致货币过量发行without causing overissue of currency

不进则退no progress simply means regression

不良贷款non- performing loans

不能搞赤字预算cannot leave a deficit in their budgets

不再经商no longer engage in trade

财政偿还能力our ability to service debt

财政的承受能力financial capacity

财政监督条例the Regulations on Financial Supervision

财政日子将更加难过We will be in financial straits.

财政收入占国内生产总值的比重the ratio of revenue to GDP

财政收支基本平衡的原则a principle of maintaining a basic balance between revenue and expenditures

财政资金申请、立项、拨付、使用效果等各个环节的监督supervision over the whole process of fund allocation from application, project determination and actual allocation to returns on investment

拆迁补偿费compensation for demolition

产权划转和产权变动the transfer of and changes in property rights of enterprises

产销衔接状况the ratio of sales to production

产业升级upgrade industries

长江流域的生态掩体an ecological shelter along the Yangtze River Valley

长江三峡和黄河小浪底水利枢纽工程the key water projects at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River and at Xiaolangdi on the Yellow River

长期国债long-term government bonds

常务委员Standing Committee member

车辆购置税暂行条例the Interim Regulations on the Tax on Vehicle Purchases

成长型企业市场（指二板市场）growing enterprise market (GEM)

城乡电网改造projects for upgrading urban and rural power grids

城镇登记失业率registered unemployment rate in cities and towns

城镇社会保障体系urban social security system

城镇职工医疗保险制度改革medical insurance for urban workers

城镇住房制度改革reform of the urban housing system

出口经营权由审批制向登记备案制过渡the transition from an examination and approval system to a registration and recording system for the right to engage in export

出口配额export quotas

传统产业conventional industries

创新体系an innovation system

垂直管理vertical management

从源头上、制度上堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes in terms of their sourc

es and systems

促进公平分配promote fair distribution of social wealth

村村通广播电视工程project “extend radio and TV coverage to every village”

存款准备金reserves against deposit

大部分科技力量游离于企业和市场之外a majority of scientific personnel being divorced from enterprises and the market

大力推进粮食流通体制改革step up our efforts to promote the reform of the grain distribution system

大面积多光区光纤光谱天文望远镜a large sky area multi-object fiber-spectroscopy telescope

贷款质量5级分类办法five-category assets classification for bank loans

邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory

低水平重复建设low-level redundant development

滴灌、喷灌drip irrigation and spray irrigation

抵抗全球经济衰退to combat the global economic slump

地方性中小金融机构存款保险制度 a deposit insurance system for local small and medium-sized financial institutions

电视会议televised meeting

调控宏观经济运行regulate operation of the macroeconomy

调整出口退税adjustments in the level of export tax rebates

调整投资结构和经济结构the restructuring of investment and the economy

堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes

对卷烟全面推行核定计税价格征收消费税办法fully levy a sales tax on cigarettes on the basis of an authorized tax valuation

对人民高度负责的态度maintain a high sense of responsibility

对中西部地区适当倾斜appropriately directed to the central and western areas of the country

夺取了抗洪抢险的伟大胜利achieve great victory in the fight against floods

发挥出最大的效益produce the best possible results

发挥最大的使用效益yield the greatest returns on investment

反对铺张浪费combat extravagance and waste

防范和化解金融风险guard against and defuse financial risks

防范金融风险能力ability to guard against financial risks

防止“重点支出重点浪费” prevent “more waste in more expenditures”

非办不可的大事important tasks which must be accomplished

非国有工业企业non-state industrial enterprises

非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions

费改税改革tax-for-fees reform

分配货币化distribution of money

分税制度财政体制the revenue-sharing system

风险防范机制a risk prevention mechanism

服从全局、服务全局be subordinated to and serve the overall interests of the country

复杂多变的国内经济环境complicated and volatile economic environment both at home and abroad

改革价格形成机制reform the price formation mechanism

干堤的修复加固任务the task of repairing and reinforcing the main dikes

干法旋窑水泥dry-process rotary kilns

敢抓敢管、不讲情面have the courage to bear their responsibilities and exercise management no matter what

others might think

高等教育“211工程” the “211” Project for higher education

高技术产业发展规划plans for the development of high-tech industries

高技术产业化apply high technology to production

高技术产业化示范工程high-tech model projects to dem onstrate their commercial viability

高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻'三个代表'重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of 'Three Represents'

高清晰度电视功能样机functional prototype of high definition TV

个人所得税法the Law on Personal Income Tax

个体经济、私营经济self-employed and private businesses

各地区经济发展的客观需要the needs of the economic development of different regions

各级各类教育all forms of education at all levels

各种“小金库”屡禁不止failures to prohibit unauthorized departmental coffers repeatedly

各种偷税、骗税和逃税行为all acts of tax evasion and tax fraud

工程监理制project supervision system

工程质量事故accidents resulting from poor quality of projects

工业增加值industrial added value

公开市场操作open-market operations

共建、调整、合作、合并a program of joint development, adjustment, cooperation and mergers

购买力purchasing power

鼓励兼并encourage mergers

关心群众疾苦help alleviate their hardships

规范管理standardized administration

规范化的财政管理standardized financial management

规范破产standardize bankruptcy procedures

规范税制standardize the tax system

国际公认internationally recognized

国际通行的吸引外资方式internationally accepted methods of absorbing foreign investment

国家财政包揽过多The state finance takes on too much financial burden.

国家发展计划委员会the State Development Planning Commission

国家确定的重点领域投资investment in the key areas designated by the state

国家税源的大量流失great loss of state revenue

国家重点科研项目national key scientific research projects

国库券treasury bonds

国民经济各方面all sectors of the national economy

国民生产总值gross national product (GNP)

国内短缺原材料和资源性产品raw and semi-finished materials and resource products which are in short supply in China

国有独资商业银行wholly state-funded commercial bank

国有企业改革reform of state-owned enterprises

国有企业和集体企业资本金统计报告制度a system for reporting statistics on the capital funds of state-owned and collectively-owned enterprises

国有企业重组regroup SOEs

国有商业银行一级法人管理management of the state-owned commercial banks with only their head offices as their legal persons

国有资产管理、监督和营运机制management, supervision and operation of state-owned assets

国有资源有偿使用paid use of state-owned resources

国债资金the capital obtained from issuance of government bonds

过剩的生产能力excessive production capacity

海峡两岸关系cross-Strait relations

合同管理制contract management system

黑市交易black market transaction in foreign exchanges

很多上海企业涌向西部，掀起了去西部的淘金热。Many enterprises of Shanghai go on a 'gold-rush' spree in the western parts of Chi na.

宏观调控目标macro-control targets

宏观经济预期目标macroeconomic targets

会计法the Accounting Law

会计信息质量抽查公告制度the system for publicizing the results of random inspections for the quality of accounting information

积极的财政政策a proactive fiscal policy

基本养老保险省级统筹unified basic old-age insurance at the provincial level

基层监督grass-roots supervision

基础设施建设construction of infrastructural facilities

缉私suppress smuggling

稽察特派员special inspectors

及时、足额发放timely and full funding of pension

急需安排的重点支出urgently needed expenditures for key construction projects

挤占、挪用财政投资misappropriation or diversion of financial investment

技术密集型产业technology-intensive industries

加大处罚力度severely punish those who violate the law and discipline

加大宏观调控力度tighten macro-control

加大转移支付力度increase transfer payments

加工贸易trade involving the processing of supplied raw materials

加快经济结构调整accelerate economic restructuring

加强军队和政权建设strengthen army building and the organs of political power

加强征管、堵塞漏洞、惩治腐败、清缴欠税”的方针the principle of “tightening collection and management, plugging up loopholes, punishing corruption and clearing up overdue taxes”

价格法the Price Law

价格歧视price discrimination

坚持解放思想、实事求是的思想路线，弘扬与时俱进的精神adhere to the ideological guideline of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and upholds the spirit of advancing with time.

坚定信心proceed with confidence

坚决不搞重复建设prohibit redundant projects

坚决杜绝劣质工程prohibit inferior projects

艰苦奋斗、勤俭建国hard work, plain living and building up the country through thrift

减轻企业负担lighten the burden on enterprises

减人增效increase efficiency by downsizing payrolls

减少福利型、供给型、实物型分配reduce distribution in the form of welfare, supply and kind

减员增效downsize staffs and improve efficiency

剪彩仪式ribbon-cutting ceremonies

建立公共财政的基本框架establish the basic framework for a system of public finance

建设文明幸福家庭the development of civilized and happy families

健全项目法人责任制the system of holding the legal person responsible for projects

讲排场、摆阔气、比享受ostentatious behavior and pleasure-seeking

降低银行存贷款利率lower bank interest rates for savings deposits and loans,

节能、节水、节地和低污染新型材料new building materials that help to save energy, water and land resources

and cause less environmental pollution

金融体制改革reform of the financial system

金融资产管理公司financial asset management companies

进出口商品结构pattern of imports and exports

经济不发达地区economically underdeveloped areas

经济发展后劲future ec onomic growth

经济房low-cost housing

经营收费operating charges

精打细算meticulous plan all expenditures

精心设计meticulous design

九届全国人大四次会议the Fourth Session of the Ninth National People's Congress

九届全国政协常委递补委员by-elect members to the Standing Committee of the Ninth CPPCC National Committee

就业问题the problem of employment

具有税收性质的政府性基金或专项性收费government funds and special charges of a tax nature

绝不能花钱大手大脚absolutely cannot spend money lavishly

军队、武警部队、政法机关与企业脱钩the army, armed police and procuratorial, judicial and public security organs have severed their ties with enterprises

开拓城乡市场develop urban and rural markets

开拓农村消费市场develop consumer markets in rural areas

抗洪救灾fight floods and provide disaster relief

科技成果转化the commercialization of research findings

科技发展基金a science and technology development fund

科教兴国战略the strategy of invigorating China through the development of science and education

科学技术进步scientific and technological progress

科学论证scientific verification

科学有效的收入组织机制a scientific and effective mechanism for collecting revenue

可持续发展战略the strategy of sustainable development

可支配收入disposable income

肯定成绩affirm our achievements

控制在国民经济可以承受的范围之内keep within the limits of the national economic strength

跨省区分行trans-provincial or trans-regional branches

亏损企业loss-generating enterprises

扩大内需，刺激消费expand/ increase domestic demand and stimulate consumption

扩大住房贷款，助学贷款和大件消费品贷款expand housing loans, student loans and major commodity loans 拉动经济增长stimulate economic growth

来之不易hard-won achievements

浪费资源resource-wasting

劳动力市场the labor market

劳动者素质的提高improve the quality of laborers

老工业基地old industrial bases

离退休人员基本养老金basic pensions for retirees

离退休人员养老金pensions to retired employees

理顺税、费、价三者关系straighten out the relationships among taxes, charges and prices

厉行节约practice economy

粮食流通体制改革reform of the grain distribution system

粮食市场的宏观调控能力the state’s capacity for macro-control of the grain market

粮食政策性补贴policy-related grain subsidies

两大历史性课题（提高党的执政能力和领导水平、提高拒腐防变和抵御风险能力）the two major historic subjects of enhancing the abilities of administration and art of leadership and resisting corruption, guarding against degeneration and warding off risks.

林区forested areas

零基预算制度a zero-base budgeting system

漏征漏管户tax dodgers

面对严峻挑战meet the serious challenge

民族地区regions inhabited by ethnic groups

名优产品famous brand high-quality prod ucts

牟取暴利price hikes for exorbitant profits

年度国家预算annual State budge

农村电网改造projects to upgrade rural power grids

农村剩余劳动力surplus rural workers

起草社会治安法drafting a social security law

全国人大常务委员会the NPC Standing Committee

全国人大代表deputy to the National People's Congress

全国人民代表大会(简称全国人大) National People's Congress (NPC)

全国人民代表大会常务委员会the NPC Standing Committee

全国人民代表大会常务委员会办公厅the general offices of the NPC Standing Committee

全国人民代表大会主席团the NPC Presidium

全国政协委员member of the national committee of CPPCC

全面推进党的建设的新的伟大工程forge ahead with the new great project of Party building

全体会议plenary meeting

权贵资本主义'(又译裙带资本主义或亲朋好友资本主义) crony capitalism

人均国内生产总值per-capita gross domestic product (GDP)

弱势群体disadvantaged groups (对弱势群体给予特殊的就业援助。--Special employment assistance should be given to members of disadvantaged groups.)

三个代表three represents theory (the Party must always represent the requirements of the development of China's advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China's advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China.)

三讲教育：讲学习，讲政治，讲正气three emphases education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)

三峡工程Three-Gorges Project

三峡移民Migrants from Three Gorges area

生计问题bread-and butter issue

生态建筑ecological construction

使大多数亏损企业扭亏为盈bring the majority of money-losing firms into the black

试点项目pilot project

特困行业和企业industries and enterprises in dire straits

退耕还林、还草工程Grain for Green Project

网络公司a web-based economy

西部大开发the strategy of developing the western region

西电东送transmission of electricity from the western to the eastern region

下岗工人基本生活津贴the basic living allowance for laid-off workers

下岗职工基本生活费subsistence allowances for laid-off workers

现代远程教育modern distance education

宪法修正案amendments to the Constitution

乡镇企业township enterprises

小组讨论panel discussions/group discussions

新闻发布会press conference

医保制度改革Reform of medical insurance system

医疗改革health care reform

隐形就业hidden employment

有中国特色的社会主义民主政治socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics 与时俱进advance with the times

再就业下岗人员re-employment of laid-off workers

增收节支increase revenue and cut government expenditure

债转股debt-to-equity swap

政府工作报告government's work report

政府机构改革Reform of government institutions

制定反贪法规anti-corruption legislation

口译商务词汇

economist 经济学家

socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济

planned economy 计划经济

controlled economy 管制经济

rural economics 农村经济

liberal economy 经济

mixed economy 混合经济

political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义

autarchy 闭关自守

primary sector 初级成分

private sector 私营成分，私营部门public sector 公共部门，公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡

economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策

economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定

concentration 集中

holding company 控股公司

trust 托拉斯

cartel 卡特尔

rate of growth 增长

economic trend 经济趋势

economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设

standard of living 生活标准，生活水平

purchasing power，buying power 购买力

scarcity 短缺

stagnation 停滞，萧条，不景气

underdevelopment 不发达

underdeveloped 不发达的

developing 发展中的

initial capital 创办资本

frozen capital 冻结资金

frozen assets 冻结资产

fixed assets 固定资产

real estate 不动产，房地产

circulating capital，working capital 流动资本available capital 可用资产

capital goods 资本货物

reserve 准备金，储备金

calling up of capital 催缴资本

allocation of funds 资金分配

contribution of funds 资金捐献

working capital fund 周转基金

revolving fund 循环基金，周转性基金

contingency fund 意外开支，准备金

reserve fund 准备金

buffer fund 缓冲基金，平准基金

sinking fund 偿债基金

investment 投资，资产

investor 投资人

self－financing 自筹经费，经费自给

bank 银行

current account 经常帐户（美作：checking account）

current－account holder 支票帐户（美作：checking－account holder）

cheque 支票（美作：check）

bearer cheque，cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票，来人支票

crossed cheque 划线支票

traveller's cheque 旅行支票

chequebook 支票簿，支票本（美作：checkbook）

endorsement 背书

transfer 转让，转帐，过户

money 货币

issue 发行

ready money 现钱

cash 现金

ready money business，no credit given 现金交易，概不赊欠

change 零钱

banknote，note 钞票，纸币（美作：bill）

to pay （in）cash 付现金

domestic currency，local currency] 本国货币

convertibility 可兑换性

convertible currencies 可兑换货币

exchange rate 汇率，兑换率

foreign exchange 外汇

floating exchange rate 浮动汇率

free exchange rates 汇兑市场

foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券

hard currency 硬通货

speculation 投机

saving 储装，存款

depreciation 减价，贬值

devaluation （货币）贬值

revaluation 重估价

runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀

deflation 通货紧缩

capital flight 资本外逃

securities business 证券市场

stock exchange 贡市场

stock exchange corporation 证券交易所

stock exchange 证券交易所，贡交易所

quotation 报价，牌价

share 股份，贡

shareholder，stockholder 贡持有人，股东

dividend 股息，红利

cash dividend 现金配股

stock investment 贡投资

investment trust 投资信托

stock－jobber 贡经纪人

stock company，stock brokerage firm 证券公司securities 有价证券

share，common stock 普通股

preference stock 优先股

income gain 股利收入

issue 发行贡

par value 股面价格，票面价格

bull 买手，多头

bear 卖手，空头

assigned 过户

opening price 开盘

closing price 收盘

hard times 低潮

business recession 景气衰退

doldrums 景气停滞

dull 盘整

ease 松弛

raising limit 涨停板

break 暴跌

bond，debenture 债券

Wall Street 华尔街

short term loan 短期贷款

long term loan 长期贷款

medium term loan 中期贷款

lender 债权人

creditor 债权人

debtor 债务人，借方

borrower 借方，借款人

borrowing 借款

interest 利息

rate of interest 利率

discount 贴现，折扣

rediscount 再贴现

annuity 年金

maturity 到期日，偿还日

amortization 摊销，摊还，分期偿付

redemption 偿还

insurance 保险

mortgage 抵押

allotment 拨款

short term credit 短期信贷

consolidated debt 合并债务

funded debt 固定债务，长期债务

floating debt 流动债务

drawing 提款，提存

aid 援助

allowance，grant，subsidy 补贴，补助金，津贴

short term loan 短期贷款

long term loan 长期贷款

medium term loan 中期贷款

lender 债权人

creditor 债权人

debtor 债务人，借方

borrower 借方，借款人

borrowing 借款

interest 利息

rate of interest 利率

discount 贴现，折扣

rediscount 再贴现

annuity 年金

maturity 到期日，偿还日amortization 摊销，摊还，分期偿付redemption 偿还

insurance 保险

mortgage 抵押

allotment 拨款

short term credit 短期信贷

consolidated debt 合并债务

funded debt 固定债务，长期债务

floating debt 流动债务

drawing 提款，提存

aid 援助

allowance，grant，subsidy 补贴，补助金，津贴

cost 成本，费用

expenditure，outgoings 开支，支出

fixed costs 固定成本

overhead costs 营业间接成本

overheads 杂项开支，间接成本

operating costs 生产费用，营业成本

operating expenses 营业费用

running expenses 日常费用，经营费用

miscellaneous costs 杂项费用

overhead expenses 间接费用，管理费用

upkeep costs，maintenance costs 维修费用，养护费用

transport costs 运输费用

social charges 社会负担费用

contingent expenses，contingencies 或有费用

apportionment of expenses 分摊费用

income 收入，收益

earnings 利润，收益

gross income，gross earnings 总收入，总收益gross profit，gross benefit 毛利，总利润，利益毛额

net income 纯收益，净收入，收益净额

average income 平均收入

national income 国收入

profitability，profit earning capacity 利润率，赢利率

yield 产量收益，收益率

increase in value，appreciation 增值，升值

duty 税

taxation system 税制

taxation 征税，纳税

fiscal charges 财务税收

progressive taxation 累进税制

graduated tax 累进税

value added tax 增值税income tax 所得税

land tax 地租，地价税excise tax 特许权税

basis of assessment 估税标准taxable income 须纳税的收入fiscality 检查

tax－free 免税的

tax exemption 免税

taxpayer 纳税人

tax collector 收税员