高考英语语法精讲第7讲情态动词考点精讲与提升
【考点一】情态动词的基本用法
1.shall
(1表示命令、许诺、警告、强制、威胁、决心等,一般用于第二、三人称中,并用于陈述句。
The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school unless accompanied by an adult.
学校制度规定,除非有家长陪伴,任何孩子不准离开学校。
You shall not get my support if you do such a thing.
假如你做那种事,我就不支持你。
(2用于征求对方的意见或指示,用在第一、三人称的疑问句中。
—Has Mr Wang arrived?
——王先生到了吗?
—Yes,already.Shall he wait outside or just come in?
——是的,已经到了。他是进来,还是在外面等?
2.must
(1表示禁止(用于否定句
Smoking must not be allowed in the office.
严禁在办公室吸烟。
(2表示“偏执”“固执”
Why must you be talking so loudly while others are studying?
为什么在别人正学习的时候,你非得这么大声说话呢?
3.should
(1表示预测可能性,并意为“可能,(按道理应该”。
It’s nearly 7 o’clock.Jack should be here at the moment.
快7点了,杰克此刻应该在这儿了。
(2竟然,居然
I am surprised that you should speak in such a way.
我很惊奇你居然用那种口气说话。
4.would 与used to
would 可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向,后面接表示动作的动词,不能接表示状态的词。used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,强调现在已不存在。
He would come to see us on Sundays.
过去他经常星期天来看望我们。
Our co mpany used to do business with theirs.
过去我们公司和他们的公司常有业务往来。
5.can 和could 的用法
(1表示惊讶,常用在否定句和疑问句中。
How could you do such a silly thing?
你怎么能做那样的蠢事呢?
(2cannot...too/enough 表示“无论……也不过分”“越……越好”。
You can’t be too careful while driving.
开车时越小心越好。
6.will与would
(1表示自愿做或主动提出做什么,如意志、愿望或决心等。
would 用于过去的情况。
I have told him again and again to stop smoking,but he won’t listen.
我一再告诉他戒烟,但是他就是不听。
John promised his doctor he would not smoke,and he never smoked ever since.
约翰答应医生不再吸烟了,并且从那时起他再也不吸烟了。
(2will 可以表示一种习惯性的动作,有“总是”或“总要”之意。
Every morning he will have a walk along this river.
每天早晨,他总是沿着小河散步。
7.may 与might
(1“may as well+动词原形”意为“最好,满可以,倒不如”。
You may as well do it at once.你最好马上就做这件事。
We may as well stay where we are.
我们留在现在的地方倒也不错。
(2may 作“可以”讲时,其否定式常用“mustn’t”表示“禁止”;must 作“必须”讲时,其否定式是“needn’t”,表示“不必”。
—May I use your car?
—No,you mustn’t.(委婉的拒绝可用:Sorry,but I am using it now.或You’d be tter not.等—Must I work out the problem tonight?
—No,you needn’t.
【经典考题】
1. —I haven’t got the reference book yet,but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. —Don’t worry.You________have it by Friday.
A.could
B.shall
C.must
D.may
解析:句意为:——我至今还没有拿到参考书,但是下个月这个学科就要测试了。——别担心,周五之前你一定会有的。本题考查情态动词。shall 用于第二人称表示允诺、要求、命令、威胁等语气,根据句意可知此处表示允诺的语气,故答案为B。could 能,能够;must 必须;may 也许,均不符合语境,可排除。
答案:B
2.(2011?潍坊质量监测When we worked in the same firm several years
ago,we________often go to the cinema together.
A.would
B.will
C.shall
D.could
解析:考查情态动词。句意为:当几年前我们在同一家公司工作时,我们常常一起去电影院。would 这里表示(过去常常。
答案:A
3.For environmental reasons,we ________as well take these waste products and have them recycled.
A.should
B.would
C.might
D.could
解析:考查情态动词。根据语意,这里表示“我们只好把这些废弃产品收起来并回收利用”,固定表达may/might as well 意为“使……倒也无妨,只好做”,由此我们不难判断这里选C 项。
答案:C
4.—Will it take me long to get to the Sunshine Hotel?
—No,it________take you long.It’s not the rush hour now.
A.shouldn’t
B.shan’t
C.mustn’t
D.needn’t
解析:考查情态动词。根据应答句的后一分句可知所填词意思是:不应该,选A。
答案:A
【考点二】情态动词表“推测”
1.can 用于肯定句中有时可以用来表示推测,意为“有时会”;用于疑问句中可以表示推测,意为“可能”,有时表示一种惊讶的语气;用于否定句中也可以表示推测,can’t 意为“不可能”,语气很强烈。
Mr Bush is on time for everything.How can it be that he was late for the meeting?
布什先生做什么事情都很准时,他怎么可能迟到会议呢?
It is usually warm in my hometown in March,but it can be rather cold sometimes.
我的家乡通常在三月份很暖和,但有时会相当冷。
2.may,might用于肯定句中可以用来表示推测,意为“可能”;用于否定句中也可以表示推测,may not 意为“可能不”,表示一种不太确定的语气。
The traffic is heavy these days.I might arrive a bit late,so could you save me a place?
最近这些天交通拥挤。我有可能迟到一会儿,因此请你给我留个位子好吗? (2008?全国卷ⅡLiza may well not want to go on the trip—she hates traveling.莉莎可能不想去旅行,她厌恶旅行。
3.must 表示推测时只能用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,表示十分肯定的(在疑问句中或否定句中要用can。
—Hi,Tom.Any idea where Jane is?
—She must be in the classroom.I saw her there just now.
——嗨,Tom,你知道Jane在哪儿吗?
——她肯定在教室里,我刚才在那儿看到她了。
4.should 用来表示推测时意为“应该”,即含有“按道理来说应当如此”的意思。
The public transport in Beijing is very convenient,so there shouldn’t be any difficulty in traveling around the city.
现在北京的公共交通非常便利,所以在市区观光不应该有什么困难。
【经典考题】
1. “You________have a wrong number,”she said,“There’s no one of that name here.”
A.need
B.can
C.must
D.would
解析:句意为:“你肯定打错电话了,”她说,“这儿没有叫那个名字的人。”考查情态动词。此处情态动词表推测,由语境可知说话人对推测的事情把握较大,所以用
must(肯定,一定。答案:C
2.—I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
—You________.You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.
A.will
B.may
C.have to
D.should
解析:考查情态动词的用法。根据题意可知,这里选择should的意思是“应该”。这句话的意思是:你应该这样做(即给Bob打个电话,你们都多年没有联系了。
答案:D
3.—When shall we hold the meeting?
—It________be better to put it off until next week.
A.must
B.could
C.can
D.will
解析:考查情态动词。此处could表示可能性、推测:说不定会。如:It could be better to stay here.说不定呆在这里比较好。
答案:B
【考点三】情态动词+have done
1.can/could have done表示“本来可以做,而实际上未做”或者“过去可能”,疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为表示怀疑或不肯定,其中can’t have done 多用于语气强烈的否定,意为“不可能做过”。
She can’t have left school,for her bike is still here.她的自行车现在还在这儿,她不可能已经离开了学校。
The accident could have been avoided.
这场事故本来是可以避免的。
2.may/might have done 表示对过去行为的推测,意为“可能做过”。might 所表示的可能性比较弱,语气较委婉。此外might have done 可表示“本可能做而实际上未做”。—I can’t find my purse anywhere.
——我到处找不到我的钱包。
—You may have lost it while shopping.
——你可能在购物的时候弄丢了。
3.must have done 表示对过去行为的推测,意为“一定,想必”,语气十分肯定。
It must have been Tom that parked the car here,as he is the only one with a car.
一定是汤姆把车停在这里的,因为只有他有车。
4.should/ought to have done 用于肯定句时,表示本该做某事,而实际上未做;用于否定句时,则表示不该做的事反而做了。
I’m not feeling well in the stomach.I shouldn’t have eaten so much fried chicken just now.我现在觉得肚子疼,我刚才不应该吃那么多的炸鸡。
You oughtn’t to have been late for yesterday class meeting,as it was so important.
昨天的班会你本不应该迟到,因为它很重要。
5.needn’t have done 表示本来不必做某事而实际上却做了。
I actually needn’t have bought so much wine—only three people came.其实我本没必要买这么多酒,只来了三个人。
【经典考题】
1. Her English composition is much too perfect.She ________it herself,I bet.
A.might have written
B.can’t have written
C.can’t write
D.must have written
解析:考查情态动词。语意为:她的英语作文太好了,我打赌一定不是她写的。因为write 是过去的动作,表示对过去事情的否定推测用can’t +have done。
答案:B
2.—Why didn’t you come to Mike’s birthday party yesterday.
—Well,I________,but I had something important to do the moment.
A.should
B.must
C.should have
D.must have
解析:考查情态动词和省略。should have 在这里相当于should have come to Mike’s birthday party,即“我本应该去参加Mike 的生日晚会的”。should have done 表“本应该做某事(但实际上未做”,其他选项不合题意。
答案:C
3.Jack described his father,who________a brave boy many years ago,as a strong?willed man.
A.would be
B.would have been
C.must be
D.must have been
解析:句意为:杰克的父亲很多年前一定非常勇敢,因此杰克说他的父亲是一个意志坚定的人。本题考查情态动词表推测语气。由句中的many years ago 可知是对过去的推测,故排除A、C;而B项表示可能性很小,故被排除。
答案:D
4.I________have watched that movie—it’ll give me horrible dreams.
A.shouldn’t
B.needn’t
C.couldn’t
解析:句意为:我本不应该去看那部电影——它会使我做噩梦的。考查情态动词。shouldn’t have done本不该干,但是干了;needn’t have done 本没必要干,但是干
了;couldn’t have done 不可能干了某事。无mustn’t have done 结构。根据题干所提
供信息应选A项。
答案:A
【2011全国卷,32】They ____ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
A.will
B.can
C.must
D.should
【答案】D
【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。
【解析】句意为“他们本该午饭时到达,但他们的航班推迟了。”will have done将来可以完成;can have done可能做过……吗?表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句;must have done 一定做过某事,表示对过去事情的肯定推测;should have done本来应该做
某事,而实际没做。but their flight was delayed这样的结果,说明他们本来该到达却没有到达,因此选D。【2011全国卷II,8】If you ____ smoke, please go outside.
A. can
B. should
C. must
D. may
【答案】C
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“如果你非得要抽烟,请到外面去抽。”must (表示主张一定要,坚持要。根据后一句please go outside的要求,选C。
【2011北京卷,24】——I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?——Don’t worry. He ____ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.
A. must not
B. need not
C. would not
D. might not
【答案】D
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“——我真不喜欢James。你为何请了他?——别担心。他可能来不了。他说他的计划还没安排好。”题干中的he wasn’t certain说明他可能不来,可能来,因此使用不完全否定might not。选D。
【2011上海春招,27】Some young people these days just ____ go out of their homes to contact the real world.
A. mustn’t
B. won’t
C. mightn’t
【答案】B
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。”mustn’t
禁止,不允许;won’t不愿意,就是不,偏不,具有主观性;mightn’t可能不;shouldn’t不应该。根据句意选B。
【2011江苏卷,34】——I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
——How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it.
A. will have stolen
B. might have stolen
C. should have stolen
D. must have stolen 【答案】B
【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。
【解析】句意为“——我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是,有人拾到交给了铁路部门。——失而复得,简直难以置信!我是说,本来可能有人会偷了去。”will have done将来可以完成,must have done一定做过某事,表示对过去事情的肯定推测,都与题意不符。should have done本来应该做某事,而实际没做,这就意味着希望有人偷包。might have stolen 过去可能做过,语气比较婉转或不肯定,根据句意选B。【2011福建卷,25】——Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now? ——I am afraid you ____ , in case he comes late for the meeting .
A.will
B.must
C.may
D.can
【答案】B
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“——需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗?——恐怕你得这样做,以防他开会迟到。”must (表示必要、命令或强制必须,得。根据后半句,选B。
【2011安徽卷, 26】——What do you think of store shopping in the future? ——Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but ____ .
A. will never replace
B. would never replace
C. will never be replaced
D. would never be replaced
【答案】C
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“——你对将来的商店购物怎么看?——我个人认为会与在家购物并存,但商店购物不会被取代。”根据I think it will exist along with home shopping,排除虚拟的选项D,这是表示将来的时间,考虑到被动语态,选C。
【2011浙江卷,11】——How’s your new babysitter?
——We ____ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.
B. might
C. mustn‘t
D. couldn’t
【答案】D
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“——你的新保姆怎么样?——找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。”should应该;might可能,可以;mustn‘t禁止;couldn’t不可能。根据句意选D。【2011四川卷,20】The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they .
A.can
B.may
C.must
D.should
【答案】A
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子,但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一切。”
can可以,能够;may可能,许可;must必须;should应该。根据句意,选A。
【2011重庆卷,25】——Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?
——I wanted to ,but my mom simply ____ not let me out so late at night.
A. could
B. might
C. would
D. should
【答案】C
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“——昨晚你为什么没来参加Simon的聚会?——我想来的,但我妈妈就是不愿我这么晚出来。”could可以,能够,表示可能性或用于婉转语气;might可能,表示不确定;would愿意,偏要,表示意志;should应该,表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选C。
【2011陕西卷,24】——Will you read me a story ,Mummy?
——OK. You ____ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A. might
B. must
C. could
D. shall
【答案】D
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“——妈妈,可以读一个故事给我听吗?——好的,如果你马上上床睡觉的话。”shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等,题中是母亲对儿子的承诺,故选D。
【2011湖南卷,28】No one ____ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.
A. can
B. need
C. must
D. might
【答案】A
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。”can可以,能够;need需要;must
必须;might可能。故根据题意,选A。
【2011辽宁卷,21】If you ____ go, at least wait until the storm is over.
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. will
【答案】C
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】句意为“如果你非得走话,至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。”
can可以,能够;may 可能,许可;must(表示主张一定要,坚持要;will将要,愿意。根据后句的劝告,选C。
【2011江西卷23】It ____ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock.
A. mustn’t
B.can’t
C.won’t
D.needn’t
【答案】B
【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。
【解析】句意为“不可能是邮递员在门口,才六点钟呢。”mustn’t 禁止,不允许;can’t
不可能;won’t 不愿意,就是不,偏不;needn’t 不需要。根据后一句中“现在仅仅是六点”, only一词肯定语气强烈,前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员。故选B。
1.(2011?潍坊第一次模拟—Why didn’t Alex attend the party yesterday evening?
—He________not have wanted to see me.
A.should
B.might
C.could
D.would
解析:考查情态动词。语意:他可能不想来见我。might have done 表示对过去一种不太肯
定的推测。
答案:B
2.(2011?青岛市模拟—May I tell this to my close friend?
—No,you________.Never let anybody else know about it.
A.needn’t
B.shouldn’t
C.mustn’t
D.can’t
解析:由“决不可以让其他任何人知道”可知选C,mustn’t 表示“不允许,不可以”,语气强烈。
答案:C
3.(2011?杭州市教学检测—Mum,I am feeling tired and sleepy now.
—You________so late last night.
A.couldn’t have stayed up
B.mustn’t have stayed up
C.shouldn’t have stayed up
D.needn’t have stayed up
解析:考查情态动词。shouldn’t have st ayed up本来不该熬夜。couldn’t have stayed up 不可能熬夜;ne edn’t have stayed up本没有必要熬夜。根据语意可知本句是母亲责备孩子昨晚熬夜了,故选C项。
答案:C
4.(2011?南通一模Shopping online can save much time as you________go to a shop or walk around crowded shopping centers.
A.don’t have to
B.oughtn’t to
C.won’t
D.mustn’t
解析:本题考查情态动词。句意为:由于不必去商店或者拥挤的购物中心,网上购物能够节省大量时间。根据句意,应选A。
答案:A
5.(2011?青岛市联合模拟—Everyone in my class passed the exam.
—Oh,really?It ________difficult.
A.c an’t have been
B.needn’t have been
C.must be
D.mightn’t be
解析:考查情态动词。对过去进行推测,表示“一定不”应使用can’t have done。语意:——我们班上每个人都通过了考试。——哦,真的吗?那题目一定不难。
答案:A
6.(2011?济宁市第一次联考—Did you punish him for losing your digital camera? —Yes,but I don’t think I________.
A.should do that
B.need to have done so
C.ought have done that
D.should have done so
解析:考查情态动词的用法。句意为:——他把你的数码相机弄丢了,你处罚他了吗?——是的。但我现在认为当时我不应该这样做。shouldn’t have done sth.意为“(过去不应该做某事,但实际上已做了”。此处否定发生了转移。
7.(2011?合肥第二次教学检测It ________be really cold in Novermber in Hefei though we usually have warm and sunny days.
A.should
B.will
解析:考查情态动词。can可表示常有的行为和情况,意为“有时会,时而可能”。句意为:尽管合肥十一月的时候常常很暖和,但有时候可能会很冷。根据语意选D项。答案:D
8.(2011?陕西西安分科质检The well-dressed lady was caught stealing in the fashion shop.Strangely enough,she ________have done such a thing.
A.would
B.must
C.should
D.might
解析:根据题干中的Strangely enough 可知,这里应该用should,表示惊讶,可译为“竟然”。
答案:C
9.(2011?浙江嘉兴摸底—Mary’s score on the test is the highest in her class.—Really?She ________have studied very hard.
A.may
B.ought to
C.must
D.should
解析:may have done可能已经……;ought to have done 本应该……;must have done一定曾……,一定已经……;should have done 本应该……。句意为:——玛丽的考试成绩是全班最高的。——真的吗?她一定很努力了。
答案:C
10.(2010?安徽皖南八校第二次联考—When shall we meet your cousin at the station? —His plane took off 2 hours ago,and it________reach at 5 pm.
A.should
B.could
C.must
D.can
解析:should 的意思是“应该会,可能”,在这里表示对将来的推测,预期会……。
答案:A
11.(2011?黑龙江哈尔滨质检Don’t play with the dog,Jack,for it________be dangerous at times.
A.shall
B.should
C.can
D.must
解析:句意为:杰克,不要逗狗玩,因为狗有时可能是危险的。can 在此表示理论上的可能性,其他三项则无此意,故选C项。
12.(2011?福建龙岩质检一“Attention,please.Whoever can answer one of my questions ________receive a prize,”the teacher said in class.
A.might
B.shall
C.should
D.would
解析:shall用于第二和第三人称时,可以表示警告、命令、允诺、威胁等语气;might 表示可能性很小;should 表示“应该(义务性”;would 表示意志(意愿。这里选B项表示允诺。
答案:B
13.(2011?浙江温州十校联合体模拟—Where is Lucy?
—I can’t say where she is,but she________have gone to meet her classmates,for they want to go to Sichuan to work as volunteers.
A.can
B.should
解析:这里表示对过去状况的推断,用“情态动词+have done”。从前面的“我不确定她在哪里”可知,用may have done,表示“过去可能已经做了……”(不确定。must have done 表示“过去一定做了……”(非常确定;can have done 用在否定句和疑问句
中,should have done 表示“过去本该做……(实际却没做”。
答案:D
14.(2010?吉林长春毕业班第一次调研—Has Tim started?He said he would join in the party. —He________.He is a man of his word.
A.could have left
B.must have left
C.can’t come
D.won’t be coming
解析:根据He is a man of his word.可知他是一个守信的人,因此推测他肯定已经启程了。句意为:——Tim 启程了吗?他说他要参加聚会。——他一定已经启程了,他是一个守信的人。must have done“一定干了某事”,故B项正确。
答案:B
15.(2011?安徽合肥质检—Mum,would you please buy me an MP5 player?
—If you can help do the dishes the whole vacation,you ________have one as a reward.
A.must
B.need
C.would
D.shall
解析:shall用于第一、三人称问句中表示征询对方意见;shall用于第二、三人称的肯定句中,表示“警告、许诺、命令、威胁”等语气。答句句意:如果你整个假期能够帮助洗盘子的话,就会得到一个MP5作为回报。shall表示允诺。
答案:D
2018年高考英语语法复习精讲三(动词时态和语态)
2018高考英语动词时态和语态精讲精练 在高考英语中，动词的时态和语态是重中之重，试题在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，注重在上下文语境中考查时态和语态。要了解几种时态的一些常规规则，答题时要研读题干，搜索出尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其要注意时态的呼应情况。 时态主动语态形式被动语态形式 一般现在时am/is/are/do/does am/is/are done 一般过去时was/were/did was/were done 现在完成时has/have done has/have been done 现在完成进行 时 has/have been doing/ 现在进行时am/is/are doing am/is/are being done 过去进行时was/were doing was/were being done 过去完成时had done had been done 将来完成时will/shall have done will/shall have been done 一般将来时will/shall do am/is/are going to do am/is/are coming/leaving am/is/are to do am/is/are about to do will/shall be done am/is/are to be done 过去将来时would do was going to do was coming/leaving was to do was about to do would be done was/were to be done 将来进行时will/shall be doing/ 考点1一般现在时 一般现在时表示动作的经常性或真理；表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；在条件、时间、让步状语从句中用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来；表示预计或规定；方位副词或介词短语放在句首，主语是名词，且全部倒装时，用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作；还可使用于文学作品和文学评论中。练一练：用所给词的适当形式填空： ①I'll go there after I________(finish)my work. ②The water will be further polluted unless some measures________(take)． ③My train________(leave)at6：30. ④A snow________(expect)to come next week. ⑤Here________(come)the bus. ⑥This kind of cloth________(wash)well. ⑦Don't take it away.It________(belong)to me. ⑧He said water________(boil)at100℃. 考点2一般过去时和现在完成时 一般过去时(标志词：yesterday，just now，last year，the other day等)表示动作发生在过去，和现在毫无关系。 现在完成时(标志词：since，in the past/last years，just，recent(ly)，lately，so far＝up to now＝up until now＝by now，already，yet，several/many/...times)则强
高中英语语法精讲精练
高中英语语法精讲精练(一倒装句与强调结构 1._______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give up D. If he gave up 2. Only when he had done it _______ that he had made a mistake. A. he then realized B. did he realize C. before D. he realized 3. Not until he got off the bus ______ that he had got his wallet stolen. A. he found B. did he find C. he had found D. had he found 4. Hardly ______ when it started raining. A. the game had begun B. the game began
C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 5. Nowhere else in the world _____ more friendly people than in China. A. you will find B. can you be able to find C. you may have found D. can you find 6. ______ did the students realize they were mistaken. A. It was until B. It was not until then C. Not until then D. Not until 7. Not only ______ a promise, but he also kept it. A. did he make B. he made C. had he made D. he had made 8. --- What happened to his new car? --- No sooner _______ it than someone ran into it.
最高考2016届高考英语语法精讲精练专题七情态动词和虚拟语气常考点
实用标准文案 文档大全专题七情态动词和虚拟语气常考点 近两年考查情态动词和虚拟语气的频率呈上升趋势。从整体上把握情态动词的语法特征和语义特征，能够准确理解不同情态动词的细微差异，认真区别具有相同功能、意思相近的情态动词的用法，在真实的交际情景中印证和领悟情态动词的用法和特征。 1 情态动词所表示的多种含义 1. can和could的用法 ①表示能力。如： I can run fast. ②表示客观可能性。如： An experienced driver can have an accident at times. ③表示请求和允许。用could 语气更委婉。如： —Can/Could I go now? —Yes，you can. ④表示猜测、惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中)。如：Can this be true? How can you be so careless! This cannot be done by him. 2. may和might的用法 ①表示许可。如： You may drive the car. —May/Might I use your pen? —No，you mustn't. ②用于祈使句中表示祝愿。如： May you succeed! ③表示推测、可能(疑问句不能用于此意)。表推测的might并不是指过去时间，而表示比may把握性略小些。如： He may be very busy now. ④用于表示目的或让步状语从句中。如： No matter what difficulties you may come across，you shouldn't give up. 3. will 和would的用法 ①用于各种人称，表示“意志”“意愿”“决心”等。如： I told her to stop crying，but she just would not listen. ②用于第二人称的疑问句，表示说话人向对方提出请求。用would比用will语气更客气。如： Will/Would you please keep the door open? ③表示真理或习惯，意为“惯于，总是”。如： She will listen to music alone in her room for hours. He would get up early when
高中英语语法精讲精练
高中英语语法精讲精练
高中英语语法精讲精练 (一) 倒装句与强调结构 (2) (二) 定语从句 (8) (三) 分词与动名词 (13) (四) 动词不定式 (19) (五) 情态动词 (25) (六) 虚拟语气 (31) (八) 名词性从句和状语从句 (37) (九)冠词、名词 (43) (十)代词、形容词和副词 (49) 答案 (55) 17
(一) 倒装句与强调结构 1._______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give up D. If he gave up 2. Only when he had done it _______ that he had made a mistake. A. he then realized B. did he realize C. before D. he realized 3. Not until he got off the bus ______ that he had got his wallet stolen. A. he found B. did he find C. he had found D. had he found 4. Hardly ______ when it started raining. 17
A. the game had begun B. the game began C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 5. Nowhere else in the world _____ more friendly people than in China. A. you will find B. can you be able to find C. you may have found D. can you find 6. ______ did the students realize they were mistaken. A. It was until B. It was not until then C. Not until then D. Not until 7. Not only ______ a promise, but he also kept it. 17
2021届高考英语语法一轮复习精讲精练名词性从句之高考真题精选(3)
名词性从句之高考真题精选（3） 1. Police have found appears to be the lost ancient statue. A. which B. where C. how D. what 2. I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What 3. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do__________ it takes to save her life. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 4. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ________ their parents speak at home. A. what B. that C. which D. one 5. I want to be liked and loved for __________I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how 6. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize silly mistakes I had made. A. what B. that C. how D. which 7. His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _________it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what 8. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ________ he thought was not good enough. A. where B. how C. what D. which 9. The how to book can be of help to ________wants to do the job. A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever 10. Could I speak to ________is in charge of International Sales please? A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever 11. __________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. whichever 12. _______fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. A. What B. That C. This D. Which 13. Having checked the doors were closed, and _________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. A. why B. that C. when D. where
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语法专题一：定语从句 1. 定语从句的几个基本概念： 1) 先行词：即被定语从句修饰的名次或代词，通常位于定从的前面。 2) 先行词在从句中担当成份：根据不同成份，用相应的关系代词或关系副词。 3) 关系代词：即先行词在定从中作主、宾、表、定。 作主语：指物，则用that, which引导，且不能省略；指人，用that, who引导，不省略。 作宾语：即及物动词宾语和介词宾语：指物，用that, which引导，可省略； 指人，用that, who, whom引导，可省略。 注意：如将介词提到了定从之首，先行词指人，只能用whom; 指物只能用which。 作表语：一般指人、指物皆用that, 可省略。 作定语：指人、指物皆用whose,不省略。 4) 关系副词：即先行词在定从中作状语，指时间用when, 地点用where, 原因用why，亦 可用介词+which替代。 所谓作状语：即先行词不能直接放入从句中，需要有一个介词连接，而从句中却没有这个介词。 5) 非限制性定语从句：即用逗号与主句或先行词分开，用于补充说明。 (1) which: 用于指代先行词（物），或整个主句，不能省略。 (2) who / whom: 用于指代先行词（人），不能省略。 (3) all / some of + which / whom: 用于指代先行词的部分。 (4) as为关系代词，“正如、就像”的意思, 引导定从时可置于句首、句中或句末。 注意：在非限制性定从中，不能用that。 2. 一些特殊用法： 1) 一般只用that引导从句的情况： (1) 限制性定语从句中，当先行词被强调，如被any, every, each, few, little, no, some, the only, the very等修饰时； (2) 先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等时； (3) 先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时； (4) 先行词既有人又有物时； (5) 当句中已有who时，为避免重复。 2) 一般只用which引导从句的情况： (1) 引导非限制性定语从句，指前面的某名词或它前面的整个主句时； (2) 引导介词、介词短语提前的定语从句时； (3）当先行词为集体名词时，着眼于整体，用which；着眼于各个成员，用who； (4) 替代某些固定短语中的指示代词，如this, that等, 引导定从。 3) 由as引导的定语从句的几种常见情况： (1) as引导非限制性定语从句，说明整个主句的内容，和which引导定语从句代替整个 句子的区别是：which不能放在句首，而as则可以；在句中，as有“正如”、“就象” 之意，而which则没有此意； (2）当先行词前有the same，such修饰时，或在“so / as…as”结构中，表示“那样…… 以致”，后用关系代词as引导限制性定语从句； (3) 在such…as结构中，as为关系代词，替代先行词，引导的是定语从句；在such…that 结构中，that为连词，引导的是一个完整的结果状语从句。
高中英语语法专题精讲精练-动名词解析
动名词 《语法讲解》 一、动名词的句法功能 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。(一)、作主语 1）直接位于句首做主语。 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。 〖注意〗：动名词做主语时，谓语动词为单数 2）用it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 式）。 3）动名词的复合结构作主语 当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个物主代词或名词所有格，构成动名词的复合结构。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。例如：Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他们前来帮忙对我们来说是极大的鼓舞。 Lao Li’s going there won’t be of much help. 老李去不会有多大帮助。 （二）、作宾语 （1）作动词的宾语 *某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：advise, suggest, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, delay, practise, resist, postpone(推迟)，deny(否认), appreciate (欣赏，感激), escape, excuse, pardon, can’t stan d, put off, give up等。如： Would you mind opening the window?吧窗户打开好吗？ She suggested going to the Great Wall for the spring outing. 她建议去长城春游。 Seeing the picture, he couldn’t help laughing. 看了这幅画，他禁不住大笑起来。*在下面这种结构中也可以用动名词（短语）做宾语：find/think/consider… + it （形式宾语）+ no use/no good/useless… + v.ing（真正宾语）. I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上走真是乐事。 Do you consider it any good trying again? 你认为再试一次有好处吗？ *形容词worth后也可接动名词，作为复合谓语的宾语。 The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这种曲子很值得多听几遍。（2）作介词的宾语 *能接动名词的短语有：think of/about, dream of/about, hear of, prevent/keep/stop…from…, depend on, set about, succeed (in), worry about, burst out,
2021届高考英语语法一轮复习精讲精练情态动词之高考真题精选(3)
情态动词之高考真题精选（3） 1. He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he __________be quite charming when he wishes. A. shall B. should C. can D. must 2. Traveling by subway __________sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour. A. must B. can C. shall D. should 3. It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words. A. may B. couldn’t C. should D. needn’t 4. Using AI, many companies are now conducting experiments that__________ possible just a few years ago. A. would have been B. might have been C. shouldn't have been D. couldn't have been 5. I __________my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes. A. should pass B. could have passed C. had passed D. must have passed 6. Some people who don't like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they _________ just be quiet people. A. must B. may C. should D. would 7. We _________have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years. A. needn't B. may not C. shouldn't D. mustn't 8. It wasn’t right to me that such near neighbors not know one another. A. could B. would C. should D. might 9. According to the air traffic rules, you _______ switch off your mobile phone before boarding. A. may B. can C. would D. should
2021-2022年高考英语语法精讲精练专题八动词的时态和语态
2021年高考英语语法精讲精练专题八动词的时态和语态动词的时态和语态是高考必考考点。时态（tense）是一种动词形式，同一动词的不同变化形式表达不同的时态，英语中有16种时态。《xx年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对于时态列了十项：（1）一般现在时（2）一般过去时（3）一般将来时（4）现在进行时（5）过去进行时（6）过去将来时（7）将来进行时（8）现在完成时（9）过去完成时（10）现在完成进行时；此外还列了被动语态，并将其作为单独一项。 xx年高考全国卷Ⅰ第61题（语法填空）考查了动词arrive的一般过去时arrived；第71题（短文改错）考查了think变为过去时thought；第75题（短文改错）考查了被动语态，删掉been；第79题（短文改错）考查了将动词过去时的found变为现在时的find。 xx年高考全国卷Ⅰ第62题（语法填空）考查了allow的一般过去时的被动语态was allowed；第74题（短文改错）考查了将过去时had变为现在时的have；77题（短文改错）考查了将using变为被动used。 xx年高考全国卷Ⅰ第64题（语法填空）考查了remove的一般现在时的被动语态are removed；第74题（短文改错）考查了将动词goes变成一般过去时went。 各种时态构成表：（以do为例）
一、一 般现在时：动词原形或第三人称单数 1．构成：使用动词原形，第三人称单数须有变化。 （1）直接加“s”：work→works，take→takes （2）以辅音加“y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加“es”：car ry→carries （3）以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es”：go→goes，dress→dresses，watch→watches， finish→finishes
2021届高考英语语法一轮复习精讲精练动词时态和语态之高考真题精选(4)
动词时态和语态之高考真题精选（4） 1. I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone ________it. Was it you? A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do 2. —When shall we restart our business? —Not until we ________our plan. A. will finish B. are finishing C. are to finish D. have finished 3. It is reported that many a new house ________at present in the disaster area. A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built 4. I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he __________polite. A. was just being B. will just be C. had just been D. would just be 5. On her next birthday, Ann married for twenty years. A. is B. has been C. will be D. will have been 6. You'd better write down her phone number before you ________ it. A. forget B. are forgetting C. forgot D. will forget 7. —Did you enjoy the party? —Yes, we ________by our hosts. A. were treated B. would be treated. C. treated D. had treated 8. —Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment. —All right. I ___________ him later. A. will call B. have called C. call D will be calling 9. We ________on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
高考英语语法精讲精练专题 03冠词
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IV. 零冠词的用法： V.高考英语短文改错及语法填空考点分析及训练·冠词
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高中英语语法精讲精练
高中英语语法精讲精练 (一) 倒装句与强调结构 (2) (二) 定语从句 (7) (三) 分词与动名词 (12) (四) 动词不定式 (17) (五) 情态动词 (22) (六) 虚拟语气 (27) (八) 名词性从句和状语从句 (32) (九)冠词、名词 (37) (十)代词、形容词和副词 (41) 答案 (46)
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高考英语语法最后30天精讲精练最后突破(含答案)
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2021届高考英语语法一轮复习精讲精练动词时态和语态之高考真题精选(5)
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