2020高考英语 第三部分 写作层级训练 第一步提升写作技能 第三讲 整齐有序的并列句(讲解)
第三讲整齐有序的并列句
李仕才
一、并列句的种类
并列句是由并列连词把两个或两个以上互不依从，但意思紧密联系的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。其结构为：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句。
1.联合并列句常由并列连词(短语)and，not only...but also...等连接。
Use your head，and you will find a way.
用用脑子，你就会找到方法。
Not only will after-class activities make your life colorful，but also they improve your learning skills.
课外活动不仅使你的生活丰富多彩，而且会提高你的学习技能。
2.转折并列句常由并列连词but，while，yet，whereas，nevertheless等连接。
I would have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish
a report.
昨天晚上我本来想去参加聚会，但我不得不加班完成报告。
He is fat while his brother is very thin.
他很胖而他的弟弟很瘦。
3.选择并列句常由并列连词(短语)or，otherwise，either...or...等连接。
Either you follow my instructions or you leave here.
你或者遵守要求或者离开这儿。
Wear your coat or you will catch a cold.
穿上外衣否则你会感冒的。
4.因果并列句由并列连词so，for，therefore等连接。
I’m sorry for I won’t be able to visit Beijing with you tomorrow.
对不起，明天我不能和你一块去北京。
Their car is bigger and therefore more comfortable.
他们的车更大，因此更加舒服。
二、并列连词构成的句式
1.祈使句/名词词组＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句
(1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句(祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句，and后面的句子相当于一个表示结果的主句)
Work hard and you will succeed.(＝ If you work hard，you will succeed.)努力学习，你就会成功。
(2)名词词组＋and＋陈述句(名词词组相当于一个条件状语从句，其中常含有more，another 等词)
Another try，and you’ll achieve success.
再试一次，你就会取得成功。
(3)祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句
Seize the chance，or/otherwise you’ll regret.
抓住这次机会，否则你会后悔的。
(4)名词词组＋or/otherwise＋陈述句
More healthy food，or/otherwise you’ll break down sooner or later.
多吃健康食品，不然你的身体迟早会垮掉。
2....when...……这时……
(1)sb was/were doing sth when...某人正在做某事，这时……
Last Monday，I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle.
上周一，我正在街上散步，这时突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔下来了。
(2)sb was/were about to do sth when...某人正要做某事，这时……
I was about to give up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.
我正要放弃，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。
(3)sb had just done sth when...某人刚做完某事，这时……
I had just finished sweeping the floor when the telephone rang.
我刚刚拖完地，这时电话铃响了。
[跟踪训练]
Ⅰ.用适当的并列连词填空
1.He couldn’t know the truth about me, or/otherwise__he wouldn’t treat me like this.
2.The bell is ringing __and__the lesson is over.
3.He was ill, but/yet he kept on working.
4.He do esn’t talk much, but/yet he thinks a lot.
5.__Either__you leave here at once __or__I will call the police.
6.It must have rained last night, for__the ground is still wet.
7.Jane was dressed in green while/whereas Mary was dressed in blue.
8.The child was sick; he, therefore,__didn’t go to school.
9.By doing so，I can not__only__share good ideas with others __but__also__learn to express myself clearly.
10.As a retired ear doctor，I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing __as__well__as those with hearing loss.
Ⅱ.把下列简单句连接成并列句
1.He gave us a lot of advice. He helped us to study English，too.
He__not__only__gave__us__a__lot__of__advice，but__also__helped__us__to__study__English.
2.He is a famous singer.He has written some interesting books.
Not__only__is__he__a__famous__singer，but__also__he__has__written__some__interesting__books.
3.You must go early.If not，you will miss the first bus to school.
__You__must__go__early，otherwise/or__you__will__miss__the__first__bus__to__school.
4.I like reading stories in my spare time.My brother likes playing football.
I__like__reading__stories__in__my__spare__time__while__my__brother__likes__play ing__football.
5.Tom is coming to my office，or his brothers wait for me after work.
Either__Tom__is__coming__to__my__office__or__his__brothers__wait__for__me__afte r__work.
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1.汤姆很穷，而他的弟弟却发了财。
Tom was poor while__his__brother__became__very__rich.
2.太阳从东方升起，从西边落下。
The sun rises in the east and__it__sets__in__the__west.
3.要么你离开这所房子，不然我叫警察。
Either__you__leave__the__house__or I’ll call the police.
4.他许诺了，但是没有遵守诺言。
He made a promise __but__he__didn’t__keep__it.
5.动动脑筋，你会找到一种方法。
Use__your__head，and you’ll find a way.
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高考英语写作 一．【考查要点】 高考英语书面表达具体主要考查学生以下几种能力： 1.观察分析，获取，加工和输出信息的能力。 2.体现语法规则，并且正确熟练运用语法的能力。 3.语言交际表达得体，突出正确语用的能力。 4.关注社会现实，锤炼思维表达能力。 【解题指南】 要在短时间内写出一篇高分作文，一定要遵循一个写任何作文都可以采用的方法步骤。下文介绍书面表达解题六步骤。 1.审题 审清题意，明确要求。认真阅读书面表达试题中文字信息、图表信息，这是写好书面表达的关键。弄清楚文章应采用的体裁：记叙文、说明文、应用文等，用第几人称写作，主要的时态范畴是什么？如何开头、如何拓展、如何收尾，动笔之前都应心中有数。 2.抓要点 抓住要点，列出关键词。用一两个单词或短语写出每句的细节要点，关键的连接词、转折词等。 3．扩展成句 分析要点，扩展成句。弄清文章的主题之后，根据所列要点，运用适当的句型、时态，用联词成句的方式将关键词扩展成句。 4．连句成文 依据篇章结构，连句成文。在连句成文之前，一定要对文章的篇章结构有个合理清晰的构想：要点的先后排列顺序和语篇衔接是否得当、层次是否清楚、结构是否一目了然、主谓是否一致、开头结尾逻辑关系是否自然、意思是否表达清楚、中心是否突出。 5．查错改错 复读作文，检查修改。打完草稿后要认真检查，修改润色，避免不必要的错误。主要注意以下几个方面：①要点是否遗漏，文体格式是否正确。②时态语态是否错误，主谓是否一致。③句子结构、关联词是否恰当。④名词的数、代词的性数格、现在分词、过去分词、冠词等是否符合英语的习惯。⑤单词的拼写是否有误等。 6．规范抄写 定稿成文，规范抄写。书写一定要美观。如果无法达到这一标准。至少也应想着向这一标准看齐。阅卷老师每天要反复看同样内容的文章很多遍。如果连最基本的清晰度都没有，又如何获得高分呢？因此要留出足够时间抄写，确保卷面整洁清楚。忌：书写潦草、单词模糊不清、左右明显不齐、随意涂改、缺乏分段。 二．作文怎么判 1. 档次评分 本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。评分时先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。 第五档 完全完成了试题规定的任务 覆盖所有内容要点 应用了较多的语法结构和词汇 语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽量使用复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言应用能力 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑 完全达到了预期的写作目的 （21-25 分）
全国卷高考英语作文训练6篇-书信类
一、致歉信 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom来信说他计划在春节期间来中国旅行，希望你你能当他的向导。但是你因为学校的交流项目需要前往澳大利亚而无法陪他，请你用英语写信向他表示歉意，同时推荐你的同学李雷做他的导游。 注意： 1. 词数100左右 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文 二、倡议书 ?假定你校正在开展“根除陋习，创建文明校园”活动，请你以此为主题用英语写一篇100词左右的发言稿，向全校学生倡议： ?根除：乱扔垃圾、浪费食物、吸烟…… ?提倡：讲礼貌、互助…… ?注意：开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 ?Dear friends， ?As is known to all, our school has launched a campaign against bad habits in order to build a civilizedcampus.____________________________________________
?___________________________________________________ ?___________________________________________________ ?That's all. Thank you. 参考答案： Dear friends， As is known to all, our school has launched a campaign against bad habits in order to build a civilized campus. But it has come to my notice that lots of bad behaviour still exists in our school. This does great harm to the image of our school. Therefore, I strongly urge that we students stop throwing rubbish everywhere and spitting in public. Besides, everyone must discipline himself not to make dirty remarks or waste food. Such bad manners as smoking and fighting should also be removed from our campus. At the same time, we should start with ourselves to perform good manners all the time and everywhere. We also promote the spirit of helping each other and healthy competition. Once again I'm here earnestly calling on everyone to take action and contribute to making our school a nicer place. That's all. Thank you. 三、建议信 在紧张的高三备考阶段，英语老师为了提高复习效率，广泛征求学生意见。假如你叫张华，请根据以下提示，给英语老师写一封信，表达你们的需求和建议。 ·适当放慢进度，留出思考时间 ·反复训练重要的和易错的知识点 ·指导方法 ·减少作业量以保证质量 ·给予更多鼓励 注意： 1．根据以上内容写一篇短文，不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯； 2．要准确使用语法和词汇、句型，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思； 3．词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr Wang, We're so pleased that you are willing to share our views. In the course of the general revision, what we need is solid foundation. __________________________________ __________________________________________________ 参考范文： Dear Mr Wang, We're so pleased that you are willing to share our views. In the course of the general revision, what we need is solid foundation. As you
高考英语作文写作实用技巧
高考英语作文写作实用技巧 导读：本文高考英语作文写作实用技巧，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。 (一)掌握技巧： (1)注意篇章结构，合理布局 开始部分(opening paragraph)——说出文中的要点、核心问题。 正文部分(Body paragraphs)——围绕主题开展叙述、讨论。 结尾部分(concluding paragraphs)——对全文的总结和概括。 要做到全文中心突出、段落之间必须是有机地联系，内容完整、连贯。前后呼应，祛除与主题无关的内容. (2)确定主题句 主题句是对全文的概括，是文章的主旨。它能在文章中起到“画龙点睛”的作用。通常主题句出现在一篇文章的开头，而后，全文对主题句所提出的内容进行解释，扩展。 写主题句应注意以下几点： ①归纳出你要写的文章的几个要点 ②提炼出一句具有概括性的话 ③主题句应具有可读性，抓住、吸引读者。 (二)巧用连接词 要想使文章有整体性、连贯性，就要学会正确使用连接词 表示罗列增加
First, second, third, First, then / next, after that / next, finally For one thing … for another…, On (the) one hand…on the other hand, Besides / what’s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another / also, Especially / In particular, 表示时间顺序 now, at present, recently, after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days, at first, in the beginning, to begin with, later, next, finally, immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment form now on, from then on, at the same time, meanwhile, till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as during, 表示解释说明 now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover furthermore, in fact, actually 表示转折关系
2021届高考英语作文练习与范文
2021高考英语作文练习与范文 【练习一】 假定上周六你校组织学生参观了自然博物馆。请你就此活动给学校的英文网站写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 参加人员； 2. 参观内容； 3. 活动反响。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 短文题目已为你写好； 【范文】 A Tour of Beijing Museum of Natural History Last Saturday, our school students from Grade 12 took a tour of Beijing Museum of Natural History. In the museum, there was a wealth of collections of prehistoric dinosaurs, ancient human fossils, different species of plants, and varieties of birds, insects, and fishes. We were so amazed that within four hours we had learned so much about nature. The visit to the museum was rather productive and informative. We not only extended our knowledge of human evolution, but also looked deeper into the evolution of other living species. A number of students said they eventually understood how other species adapted to living on Earth.
高考英语作文写作技巧攻略
爽爽文档汇编之 高考英语作文写作技巧攻略 一、如何写出“亮点” 以前,英语作文评分的依据是根据要点和语言准确度而定。但是从2001年起实行的高考评分标准强调了内容要点,语言的多样性、连贯性和得体性, 鼓励学生尝试语言表达的多样化和复杂化。因此要写成一篇较有水准的英语作文,除了要点和语言准确度以外,还必须在语用、语法结构以及表达的多样性和灵活性上有所表现。句子单一、缺乏生气的文章,哪怕没有任何错误也不可能得高分,相反,“有些许错误,但是为了使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致”,给分 档次仍在最高档。 那么,英语作文如何才能得高分呢?以下几种手段是增加句子复杂性的常见方法,也是得高分的“亮点”： （一）改变句子的开头方式,不是一味地都是主语开头,接着是谓语、宾语,最后再加一个状语。可以把状语置于句首,或用分词作状语等。 试比较: １.(原文) My brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle the other day. (修正) The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ２.(原文) The young man couldn’t help crying when he heard the bad news. (修正) Hearing the bad news, the young man couldn’t help crying. （二）在整篇文章中,避免只使用一两个句式,要灵活运用诸如强调句、主从复合句、分词短语、倒装句、省略句等。 1. 强调句 (原文) The dog has saved my little sister bravely. (修正) It is the dog that has saved my little sister bravely. 2. 主从复合句 (原文) We had to stand there to catch the offender. (修正) What we had to do was to stand there, trying to catch the offender. 3. 分词短语、由with或without引导的短语 (原文) The driver escaped and didn’t stop, he left the old man lying on the road. (修正) The driver escaped without stopping, leaving the old man lying on the road. 4. 倒装句 (原文) I went to bed at 11:30. (修正) Not until 11:30 did I go to bed. 5. 省略句 (原文) While you are crossing the street, you should be careful. (修正) While crossing the street, you should be careful. （三）通过分句和合句,增强句子的连贯性和表现力。 (原文) He stopped us an hour ago. He made us catch the next offender.
高考英语作文训练之句子训练
DAY 1 1.It occurred to me that 2.Play a adj role in 3.Motivate sb to do sth https://www.360docs.net/doc/078598529.html,rm sb of sth 5.try one’s best do do sth/do one’s utmost to do sth/ make every effort to do sth /endeavor to do sth 6.It ‘s my pleasure to do sth 7.A growing number of -- 8.be fond of / be keen on / be crazy about / be interested in 9.The more ----- , the more ------ 10.enable sb to do sth Day 2 1.There is no need for sb to do sth 2. ---cannot emphasize the importance of -----too much 3. By doing ---, 4.On no account can we do 5.For the past ---, sb have done /have been doing sth 6.It pays to do sth /It is worthwhile to do sth 7. ---be based on --- 8.---be closely related to ---- 9.--get into the habit of doing sth =make it a rule to do sth 10.What a adj n it is to do sth !=How adj a n it is to do sth ! Day3. 1.do good/harm to sth 2.have a great influence on sth 3.Nothing can prevent us from doing sth 4. Upon/On doing sth ---/As soon as /Hardly had sb done when sb did/No sooner had sb done than sb did 5.would rather do ---than do /prefer to do rather than do 6.Only then /in this way /if/when--- did I do sth 7.be worth doing 8.Owing to /Thanks to sth 9.S is the adj 最高级 n that S have ever seen /known /heard /had /read; Nothing is more important than to do sth 10.There is no denying that ---- Day 4 1.It is universally acknowledged that ----/As is known to us / As we all know 2. There is no doubt that 3.(It is ) No wonder that --- 4.So adj be 主语 that ----
2019高考英语作文训练(8)书信(回信+文化交流)(含范文)
2019高考英语作文训练 李仕才 作文训练之书信（回信+文化交流）
句型提示： 1、书信功能句： 2、英语作文万能句： 1）I am writing to you to …(谈写信目的) 2) I am looking forward to your reply. （写信结束语） 3) I would appreciate it if you could …如果你能…，我将非常感激。 4) I wonder if you could …我想您是否能….
5) Would it be possible for you to …? 您是否可以。。。？ 6) Would it be convenient for you to …? 您是否方便…? 7) I would like to …我想要… 8) It would be better for you to …您最好… 9) You might as well …您最好… 10) If I were you, I would …. 如果我是你，我会… 11） Would you please …? Could you …? 请您… 3、英语作文常用句式： 1) 主+谓+…,doing/done … 2) 主+谓+…,which/who 从句 3）主，同位语，+谓+… 4）主+谓+…,with 结构 5）What +从句 is that 从句 6）强调句或倒装句（起强调作用，需要强调时，用） 7）其他：so/such …that…; It is …before …; too … to …等 写作训练（8） 假如你是美国的Mike，你的朋友张平打算到国外留学，他写信询问你什么样的中国学生最受国外高校青睐。请你根据下列要点给对方写一封回信： 1．语言能力是基础； 2．适应能力很重要； 3．兴趣爱好被看重； 4．要有社会责任感。 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Zhang Ping． Yours， Mike 思路点拨：1、人称：第二人称为主；时态：一般现在时和一般将来时为主； 2、要点：1）客套话，礼貌答2） 4个要点；3）祝愿。 参考句型：1….makes it easier for you to do … 2. shoulder social responsibilities 3. May you succeed. 第一稿