初中部编版 八年级下册《安塞腰鼓》拓展阅读及答案解析.

初中部编版 八年级下册《安塞腰鼓》拓展阅读及答案解析.
初中部编版 八年级下册《安塞腰鼓》拓展阅读及答案解析.

《安塞腰鼓》类文阅读

安塞听鼓声

霍竹山

①何其雄壮威风哉!走进节日的安塞,走进世界上最厚实的黄土地,便走进了鼓声的欢快与激烈。

②世界上哪有如此豪放热烈的鼓声——气势磅礴,刚劲奔放,令闻鼓者热血沸腾,手舞足蹈。恨不能有千万只耳朵,听鼓点的激情;恨不能长千万双眼睛,看鼓槌的狂热。在腾腾沓沓的鼓声中,山峦开始扭动身姿,树木开始舒展筋骨,河水开始倒流,天空开始旋转。

③静谧。平日里,黄土地就像一幅贴在窗户上的窗花,恬静得不发一丁点的声息。一朵山丹丹花儿在背坡上,静静悄悄开了,又悄悄静静谢了;一只羊儿默默地啃着无言的地皮,犄角上升起了太阳,又落下了月亮。静谧的山线,静谧的草木,静谧的窑洞……

④但在节日里,当一杆丈余长的铜唢呐闪亮地举向天穹,高亢地轰鸣时,一切顿时变了。

⑤一声山崩地裂的吼声,八百个拢羊肚手巾,身着羊皮大褂,腰系红绸,腿扎绑带,英姿勃勃的汉子在雄壮的鼓声中,潮水一样涌出。打、踢、跨、跺,虎虎生威;收、放、弛、张,刚柔相济。鼓人合一,人随鼓舞;人鼓一体,鼓随人欢。鼓声急促,人似骏马奔腾;鼓声沉缓,人若雁落平沙。节奏清亮时,好像游鱼戏水,鼓手是那样的潇洒自如;节奏浑沉时,仿佛风卷落叶,鼓声是如此的刚劲激昂。过裆鼓阳刚雄劲,若鹰击长空;缠腰鼓优美大方,若燕语绕梁;下岔鼓豪迈粗犷,若平地滚雷;飞燕鼓气贯长虹,若鱼跃龙门……在十一届亚运会开幕式上,这气吞山河的安塞腰鼓,这八百剽悍的陕北汉子,让我们体验“驾长车,踏破贺兰山缺。壮志饥餐胡虏肉,笑谈渴饮匈奴血”的英雄气概。

⑥在黄土高坡上,由于场地的限制,打腰鼓的汉子只有百八十人。鼓声野野的,在空阔的高原上荡来荡去,声传百里,这自然是另一番情趣了。鼓声时而飞瀑跌谷,震人心魄;时而鸟鸣林间,悦耳动听;时而雾锁荒山,无声有声;时而“金戈铁马,气吞万里如虎”;时而“弄潮儿向涛头立,手把红旗旗不湿”……十字步、劳动步、平侧蹬、双腿蹬,鼓点清脆,好似金鸡三点头;单过街、双过街、正八字、倒八字,鼓声密集,恰如骤雨扫屋檐——这野野的鼓声,让我们领略“尘埃遮高山,甲兵怒冲天”的征伐场面。

⑦鼓声凝时,若雪落高原,若古道幽情,使听者如醉如痴。

⑧鼓手动时,似惊蛇飞舞,似午夜狂欢,令观者激情满怀。

⑨鼓声让人忘记烦恼与不幸。在安塞我曾听说了这样一个故事,一位因失恋而准备寻短见的姑娘,是村里闹社火的鼓声,点燃了她本已冷却的青春,她毅然擦去最后的泪水,走出心灵的阴影,在鼓声的激励下,最终成为一位颇有名气的私营企业家。“鼓手有股能劲,挥槌有股狠劲,腾跳有股虎劲,听了给人鼓劲。”果真有应验啊!

⑩鼓声让人回味无穷。在安塞这块贫瘠而富有的黄土地上,鼓声更像是农人们的一种思念和向往。日常生活中的苦累,他们一肚子都装了,不跟天计较,不与地计较,一家一户和睦相处,人与人之间更多的是理解和关爱,这便是鼓声给予的力量!鼓声其实时时回响在他们的心头,鼓声里他们默默地走向荒塬,开始一天沉重的劳作,完成一年又一年的庄稼;鼓声也是他们精神的一部分,是他们释然困惑的根本所在,他们愉快地迎着面朝黄土背朝天的艰辛,他们将一年中的沉默和对新的一年的期许,毫不保留地释放在节日的鼓声中……

?鼓声带我们走进历史。嗵嗵嗵———嗵嗵———在鼓声卷起的快乐旋风里,一队手挥皂旗、身着皂甲的将士,从山上呼啸而下掠入敌阵,鼓助人威,鼓进人进,黑衣将士让侵略者狼狈逃窜……那鼓声桀骜、刚猛,令入侵者胆战心惊;那鼓声残酷、沉闷,让天地为之失色……征杀的鼓声远去了,消失在箭镞与断剑的斑斑锈迹里了。但是,前进的鼓声不会消失,并将永远嗵嗵地响下去。

?这就是振奋人心的安塞的鼓声!

问题:

1.第二自然段“山峦开始扭动身姿,树木开始舒展筋骨,河水开始倒流,天空开始旋转。”有何表达作用?

2. 第③段写平日里静谧的黄土地,与写安塞听鼓声有何关系?

3. 第⑥段中写道:“这野野的鼓声,让我们领略‘尘埃遮高山,甲兵怒冲天’的征伐场面。”其中“野野的”是什么意思?

4. 本文通过写安塞听鼓声,表达了作者怎样的思想感情?

5.阅读本文,结合课文《安塞腰鼓》,谈谈你对安塞腰鼓这一民间艺术的认识。

答案及解析

【答案】

1.用夸张的修辞手法,写出了安塞腰鼓磅礴的气势连山峦树木都动容了,一起附和鼓声,共鸣。

2. 第③段写平日里静谧的黄土地,属于环境描写,为下文作铺垫,突出安塞腰鼓鼓声的气势令天地为之变色。

3.“野野的”意思是鼓声不像其他乐器声那样有许多约束,它传达出挣脱羁绊的自由奔放之感,充满野性的力量。

4. 表达了作者对安塞腰鼓的喜爱以及对鼓手在打鼓中表现出来的中华民族的豪迈气概的歌颂。

5.示例:气势磅礴、刚劲奔放、火烈热情。

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