英语中的否定

英语中的否定
英语中的否定

浅析英语中的否定

编讲:田老师在教学中不难看出,影响学生英语理解和阅读的除了有单词和主从句(长难句)外,还有一些否定句子困扰学生,严重影响了学习兴趣。现在就英语中的否定作统一的浅析以便教和学更轻松。

第一篇:否定转移和不转移问题

否定转移的主句动词在语义上可分:

A:表示看法的动词:

be supposed to, believe, expect, imagine, suppose, think,

fancy,guess,should say等表示主观意见和猜想的动词在句中作谓语时,按习惯其宾语从句的否定通常转移到主句。如:

1. I didn’t think I have seen you before. 2. She didn’t imagine that we would say anything.

B:表示感觉的动词:

在seem,feel,taste,sound,appear,look like, feel as if, look as if, sou nd as if作联系动词的句子中,特别是seem,按习惯以它的否定来代替其他部分的否定。例如:

1. The baby doesn’t appear to be awake.

2. It doesn’t look(看起来)like it’s (天不会)going to rain.

3.English doesn't seem easy to learn. 英语好像不容易学。

4.It didn't seem during those years that therecould be anyone else who might share my own peculiar tastes. 在那些年月里,似乎没有人会有我这样的特殊情趣。

C类似的情况还有半助动词happen。

例如:He didn't happen to be at home. 他碰巧不在家。

D将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。 It doesn't seem th

at they know where to go.看来他们不知道往哪去。

It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow. 看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。

E有时将动名词,介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。 I don'

t remember having ever seen such a man.

我记得从未见过这样一个人。 (not否定动名词短语having…) It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.

在这里,人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。 (anyone 作主语时,从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。)

F 状语和状语从句的否定转移

The ant is not gathering this for itself alone. (否定状语) 蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。

He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle saidso. (否定because状语) 他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何,就轻信此事。

She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brothe r saw her and was struck by herbeauty. (否定状语many weeks)她结婚还不到几个月,这个人的弟弟就看见她了,并对她的美貌着迷。

G以because引导的从句或because of引导的介词短语在句中作原因状语时,其否定常常转移。例如:

1.I don't teachbecauseteaching is easy for me., and nor d

o I teach because I think I know answers, or I have knowledge I feelcompelledto sharewith others. (= I teach not because… neithe

r because…) 我当教师,并不是因为我觉得教书轻松……也不是因为我认为自己能够解答各种问题,或者因为我有满腹学问,觉得非与别人分享不可。

2.I didn't go there because of his request. (=I went there not because of his request.) 我不是因为他的要求而去的。

H 常见的句型

1.当think, believe,suppose, imagine这一类动词引导一个否定概念时,通常将引导动词think变为否定。

例如:I don’t thinkyou’ve met my wife. 你大概没有见过我的妻子吧。

2.结构句型“not…because…”中的not常常是否定because所引导的状语从句,而不是否定主句的谓语动词。

例如:They did not come to the hospital because theywanted tose e me.

他们来医院不是因为要看我。

再如:Tomwas not unhappy becausehewas unable togo there.

汤姆并不是因为不能去那儿而感到不高兴。

比较:Hedid not go to thelecture this morning because he was sick.今早他没来参加讲座,因为他病了。

I did notwritethat letter because of what you told me.

由于你给我说了,我才没有写那封信。

(或:并不是因为你跟我说了,我才写那封信。)

再如:You shouldnot lookdown upon a man because he is poor.

误译:因为一个人穷,所以你不应该看不起他。

正译:你不应该因为一个人穷就看不起他。

在这个句子里,not否定的不是后面的动词look down upon,而是because he is poor。值得注意的是,这种句型是有歧义的,我们要根据上下文排除歧义。

3.not…to

Theydon’t come to see you laughed at.

误译:他们不是来看你被嘲笑的。

正译:他们到这儿来并不是要看你被嘲笑的的。

在这个句子里,not否定的不是动词come,而是to see you laughed at。

更多的例子:He said, Now, look, I didn’t comehereto get along with you guys. You’re going tohave to get along with me.他说:“喂,老弟们,我到这儿来不是来听你们的,该是你们来听我的。”

二,只表示否定,但不转移

下列情况的却不用进行否定转移

1. 主句的谓语动词为一般过去时或过去完成时时。

例如:He thought that itwas not his duty to help Tom. 他认为帮助汤姆不是他的责任。

I had thought that he would not come.我原以为他不回来呢。 2. 主句的谓语动词为过去进行时时。

例如: Mary was thinking the room was not hot enough.玛丽在想那房间还不够热。

We were thinkingthey couldnot receive our demands.我们在想他们不可能接受我们的要求。

3、主句的谓语动词为现在完成时或现在完成进行时时。例如: We have supposed we will not trouble you again.我们想我们不会再麻烦你了。

I have been thinking that the skywon’t fall down.我相信天不会塌下来。 4、当think用在疑问句中时,一般不要求否定转移。

Why do you think we can’t change your note? 你为什么认为我们换不开你的钞票呢?

Do you think my mother wouldnot permit this? 你认为我妈妈不会答应吗? 5、当主句中的谓语动词与情态动词连用时,不属于否定转移。例如:The boss mus t think I am not fit for the job.老板一定认为我不适合这项工作。

You can’t think how glad I am to see you. 你无法想象我见到你是多么高兴。

6、当主句中的谓语动词与状语连用时,不属于否定转移现象。例如: I didn’t thin k that they were happy. 我并不认为他们是幸福的。

I really think youneedn’t worry about him.我真认为你没必要为他担心。

7、当主句中的谓语动词被加强语气的助动词do, does, did修饰时,否定不转移。例如:

I do think it is wise of her to say so.我确实认为她这么说是明智的. I do believe she doesn’t tell a lie. 我真的相信她没有撒谎。

8、当宾语从句中有no, never, hardly等否定词时,否定通常不转移。例如:

We all think that she is aperson for nothing.我们都认为她是一个不中用的人。

I believe Tom never tellsa lie.我相信汤姆从来不撒谎。

9、当宾语从句中含有not at all, not a bit, not…enough, can’t help doing 等一些固定词组时,否定不转移。例如:

Ithink she is not tiredat all.我想她一点也不累。

I think I can’t help laughing if I see it.我想我看见它时会忍不住大笑。

第二篇,英语中的否定转化(否定形式,肯定意义)

一、转换否定

形式上否定而意义上则表肯定的句子。

1.cannot…too

Youcannot be too careful.

误译:你不能太小心。

正译:你越小心越好。

英语说的cannot…too,意为“就算再……也不过分”或“越……越好”,其中的can表示可能性,too有over之意,可以换用enough或sufficient等字样。同时,在not 的位置换用其他的否定词,如hardly, scarcely等也是可以的。因此下面5句话的意思同上面这句话的意思是完全一样的。

You cannot beover careful.

You cannot be carefulenough.

You cannot be sufficiently careful.

Youcannottake enoughcare.

You cannot take sufficient care.

2.It is a good horse thatneverstumbles.

误译:从不失蹄的马才是好马。

正译:再好的马也有失蹄的时候。

这个句子属于“It be adjective noun that…”句型。该句型多出现在一些谚语中,在某些情况下,这种句型需要从反面解释。

更多的例子:It is a long lanethathas no turning.再长的胡同也有拐弯。(意思是:凡事总有变化,不会永远不变。)

3.He must be a fool if he does not know what I mean.

误译:如果他不懂我的意思,他肯定是个傻瓜。

正译:他就是再傻也会懂得我的意思。

4.She study no harder than me.

误译:她学习不如我努力。

正译:她和我学习都不努力。

在一些no(not)adj.比较级的句子里,意思是肯定的。

更多的例子:Icouldn’t agree with you more .我非常同意你的观点。

5.I never got no sleep in those days.

误译:那些日子我从来没有不睡觉。

正译:那些日子我怎么也睡不着。

英语和汉语一样,本来两个否定会成为一个肯定,但有时为了强调否定的语气,在通俗的口语中会有双重否定仍表否定的情况。

更多的例子:“I don’t know nothing about what’s waiting for me,”saidThrash.施腊希说:“我不知道我未来的命运如何。”

二、否定句并非都表示否定

(一)含有否定词not, no, nothing, never等或表示部分否定的词hardly,barely 等的句子被称为否定句。英语的否定句表现形式多种多样,应用十分广泛,但形式上的否定并不等于意义上的否定,在很多情况下,形式上的否定句表达的却是肯定的含义,需注意这类句子的理解和译法。

1.not…untiltill直到……才,只有……才

People do not know the importance offriends until they lose t hem.

人们直到失去了才知道朋友的重要。

You can not learn anything till you get rid of your complacency.

只有去掉自满,你才能真正学点东西。

It was notuntil midnight that we went to bed.

直到半夜,我们才去睡觉。

2.not…long before 很快就,不久就

It wasn’t long before the conquered the country.

不久他们就征服了这个国家。

It won’t be long before we finish the work.我们很快就会干完这活儿。Itwill not belong before they finish the work.他们很快就会干完活儿。

(二)否定表肯定

Cannotcan never和too,too much, enough, over 搭配表

示“无论怎样……也不会过分,越……越好”

This can’t be stressedtoo strongly.这一点怎么强调也不过分”。

While you are doing your homework, you can’t be careful enough.你做作业的时候,越小心越好。

Thedevelopment of society has made it necessary for us to hav e a good knowledge of English, sowe can’t overemphasize the im portance of learning English.

1.某些疑问句、感叹句或否定祈使句的表达与回答

例如:---You haven’t been to Quan zhou,have you?

---No, I haven’t. 是的,我没有去过。

比较:---Yes, I have. 不,我有去过。

又如:---Lovely day today, isn’t it?

---Yes, isn’t it?(降调) 是啊,真好。

Isn’tthat beautiful! (感叹)多么美丽呀!

再如:Won’t you havesome beer?

=Whynot have some beer?(邀请)请喝点啤酒吧!

---Take care and don’t eat any more fish.

---I won’t. 好的,我不会再吃的。

2.too…to…结构

例如:I’m sure many firms wouldonlybe too glad to haveyou.

我想好多公司都会非常乐意雇佣你。

又如:The boywas too eager to getthe piano.那男孩非常想得到那架钢琴。

该结构中的形容词往往具有情感色彩,类似还有willing, ready, pleased, anxiou s等词。

3.cannot …too(much)或can never/hardly…enough结构

例如:I cannot thank youtoo much. = Ican never/hardly thank you enough.

我对你感激不尽。

此结构意为“无论如何…也不过分”。它还有几个变体的结构:用impossible, difficult

等词代替cannot;以sufficiently, exaggerate, toover-等词替代too/e nough。

再如:You cannot take sufficient care. 你要特别小心。

The importance of this session cannotbeexaggerated (overemphas ized).

=It would be impossible to over-estimate the importance of this session.

这次会议极为重要。

4. 某些含有比较级的句子

例如:Considering she will be my wife, Icouldn’t be any happier.

一想到她将成为我的妻子,我就幸福无比。

又如:I couldn’t agree more. 我完全同意。

三、某些说明哲理的句子

例如:It is a wiseman that never makes mistakes. 智者千虑必有一失。又如:It is agood horsethat never stumbles (绊倒) . 金无足赤,人无完人。

It is a goodmachinethat can work without power. 不论如何好的机器都需要动力。

比较:It is a wise father that knows hisown child. 聪明的父亲也未必了解他自己的孩子。

四、某些短语

例如:It has caused me nota little anxiety.此事使我相当焦虑。

比较:He's not a bit better. 他一点也没有好转。

再如:During his absence in London, I paid a visitto him.

当他在伦敦的时候,我去拜访过他。

这里absence in =presence in,而absence from London 才表示不在伦敦。

五、肯定表否定

1.某些引导词引导的从句

1)before 引导的从句,其动词常与can连用,表明该动作并未发生,意为“不等…就….”。亦表示“宁愿(与其)…也不….”。

例如:The boyrushed out before I couldaskwhat his name was.我还没来得及问那小孩的名字,他就已经跑出去了。

He died before he wrote a will.他还来不及写遗嘱就死了。

再如:He will beg for food before hewill ask his parents for money.

他宁可讨饭也不愿意向父母要钱。

2)since 引导的时间状语时,若从句谓语动词为持续性动词或状态动词的一般过去时,在大多数情况下,该句式表示主句的动作(或状态)是从从句的“动作或状态结束时”开始的。例如:I have stayedathome since Iwas ill. 自从病愈后,我一直呆在家里。

再如:Six months have elapsed since he smoked.转眼间他戒烟已有六个月。

比较:I have stayed athome since I have been ill. 自从生病以来,我一直呆在家里。

从句的动词用一般现在完成时,则表示从句动作或状态持续到今。

3)but 引导的定语从句时,从句表示否定涵义,but相当于关系代词“that (or who) n ot”。

例如:Thereis no one but knows it. 此事无人不知。

There wasno man but thanked him.人人都感激他。

2.某些短语或单词

1)anything but“根本不是,一点也不”

例如:Now, you can see,the battle isanythingbut finished.

现在,你可以看到这个战役远远没有结束。

又如:---Is the task easy?

---Anything but. I’ll do my bit, though.一点也不容易。但我会尽力的。

2) last “极少可能的,最不适合的”

例如:He is the last person I’d have expected tosee here. 他是我这里最不希望看到的人。

He would be thelast man to say such things. 他决不会说这种话。

But Tom broke and ran and that’s the last thing you do with a cougar.(美洲豹).

但是,汤姆脱开身来并往前奔跑,这是对付美洲豹最不应该做的事情。

3.某些交际用语

例如:People will be longforgetting him. 人们在很长时间内都会记住他的。

It is anyone’s guess.这是大家都拿不准的事。

For allI care! 这事我才不管呢!

第三篇,英语中的部分否定

英语中的部分否定(即不完全否定)有如下七种表示方法:

一、 all 的否定式:not all…(或:all…not)表示"并非都……"、"不是所有的都……"例如: Not all men canbemasters. (= All men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。

Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长得很高。

二、both 的否定式:not…both (或:both… not) "并非两个……都……"例如:

I don't want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。 Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。

三、 every…的否定式:"不是每……都……"例如:

Not every book is educative. (或:Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。

Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。 This flower is not see neverywhere.这花并不是随处可见的。四、 always的否定式:"并非总是(并非一直)……" 例如: He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。

五、entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式:"不完全……","并非完全……"例如:

The businessman is neverto be entirely trusted. 不可以完全信任商人。

He felt not altogethersatisfied.他并不完全满意。

I don't agree completely. 我并不完全同意。

Whathe did was not quite proper. 他做的不十分妥当。

六、 all the time 的否定式:"并非一直……"、"未必老是……"例如: A foolishman doesn't make a mistake all the time.笨人未必老是犯错误。

七、 not…and…的否定式:被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分。例

如: He did not speak clearly and correctly. 他讲得清楚但不正确。

This film is notinteresting and instructive.这部电影有趣但无教育意义。 She cannot sing and dance. 她会唱歌但不会跳舞。

如果将and 换成or,not对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。 He did not speak cle arly or correctly. 他讲的既不清楚也不正确。如要对上述的all, both, every, always, 以及entirely, altogether, completely,quite 和 all the time等词作完全否定,那就分别要用

与之相对应的全否定词,如no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never)…at all 等。例如:

All of them can do it.--- None of them can do it. Both are good.---Neither is good. Everybody likes it. ---Nobody likes it. He is alwa ys late. --- Heisneverlate.

We don't trust them entirely. --- We never trust them atall. He was here all the time. --- He was never here.

岁月过去,要想学得更好。就得更好的学会点滴积累。只有这样才能在黑夜看到黎明,在迷茫的学海上找到一丝慰藉。。。。。。

英语中的否定

浅析英语中的否定 编讲:田老师在教学中不难看出,影响学生英语理解和阅读的除了有单词和主从句(长难句)外,还有一些否定句子困扰学生,严重影响了学习兴趣。现在就英语中的否定作统一的浅析以便教和学更轻松。 第一篇:否定转移和不转移问题 否定转移的主句动词在语义上可分: A:表示看法的动词: be supposed to, believe, expect, imagine, suppose, think, fancy,guess,should say等表示主观意见和猜想的动词在句中作谓语时,按习惯其宾语从句的否定通常转移到主句。如: 1. I didn’t think I have seen you before. 2. She didn’t imagine that we would say anything. B:表示感觉的动词: 在seem,feel,taste,sound,appear,look like, feel as if, look as if, sou nd as if作联系动词的句子中,特别是seem,按习惯以它的否定来代替其他部分的否定。例如: 1. The baby doesn’t appear to be awake. 2. It doesn’t look(看起来)like it’s (天不会)going to rain. 3.English doesn't seem easy to learn. 英语好像不容易学。

4.It didn't seem during those years that therecould be anyone else who might share my own peculiar tastes. 在那些年月里,似乎没有人会有我这样的特殊情趣。 C类似的情况还有半助动词happen。 例如:He didn't happen to be at home. 他碰巧不在家。 D将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。 It doesn't seem th at they know where to go.看来他们不知道往哪去。 It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow. 看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。 E有时将动名词,介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。 I don' t remember having ever seen such a man. 我记得从未见过这样一个人。 (not否定动名词短语having…) It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street. 在这里,人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。 (anyone 作主语时,从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。) F 状语和状语从句的否定转移 The ant is not gathering this for itself alone. (否定状语) 蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。 He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle saidso. (否定because状语) 他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何,就轻信此事。

英语部分否定和全部否定

关于部分否定和全部否定 1.not all+名词,all...not,not...all表示部分否定 2.no+名词表示全部否定 Not all birds can fly. 讲解:本句=All birds can not fly=Some birds can’t fly=不是所有的鸟都 会飞 那么所有的鸟都不会飞如何表达? No birds can fly.=Birds can’t fly.----全部否定 大家清楚了吗?当然我上面犯了个错误,同学门看出来了吗?呵呵,鸟怎么能不会 飞呢?是bird就会飞.那什么鸟不会飞呢?ostrich[鸵鸟],这个单词难记吗?我来 教你记住它.先从后往前拆了它,rich+st+o,然后把rich联想成富人,st想成street,o想成一个项圈,最后开始造句,只有有钱人才会在大街上溜鸵鸟.记住 了吗?呵呵,鸵鸟肉很好吃,无奈本人不rich.好了,扯远了,给大家几个句子体会 一下部分否定. 例句: 1.Not all men can swim.=All men can not swim. 2.Not all Chinese people like beef.=All Chinese people don’t like be ef. 3.I don’t kown all of them,言外之意,I only know some of them,not all. 特别说明:前两个句子等号右边的部分同学们很容易理解成全部否定,其实不然. 但这里我要说明的是,这样的表达在现代英语里并不常见,所以在写作中大家最 好用等号左边的表达. 全部否定比较简单,我再举一个 No men can fly.[这个不是病句,是真理,没人反对吧,本人水平有限,太难的句 子怕写错了] 中学英语教材中,英语的否定句是一个语法的重点,同时又是一个难点。在教学 中发现有不少学生对英语句子的全部否定和部分否定翻译时不够准确,大部分学 生是按照字面翻译。英汉互译时,遣词不准,不注重英汉语言的习惯表达法。这 样既影响了学生对文章中的语句理解的准确性,又影响了学生运用英语的能力。 笔者就中学英语的否定句类型浅谈全部否定和部分否定句的英汉互译。 英语中的否定句,就其否定的范围来说,可分为全部否定(complete negation)和部分否定(partial negation)。表示全部否定时,常用含“绝无” 意义的否定词(如:none/no/neither/nobody/nothing/never/nowhere等)加上肯定式谓语。例如:None of the answers are correct.全部答案都不正确。 Neither of the films is interesting. 这两部电影都无趣味。 Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.

关于英语中的否定句

关于英语中的否定句 1) 一般否定句 I don‘t know this. No news is good news. There is no person /not a person/not any person in the house. 2)特指否定 He went to his office, not to see him. I am sorry for not coming on time. I don‘t think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are ri ght. 3)部分否定 I don‘t know all of them. I can‘t see everybody/everything. All the answers are not right.(并非所有答案都对。) All is not gold that glitters. (闪光的不一定都是金子。) Both of them are not right.(并非两人都对。) 4)全体否定 None of my friends smoke. I can see nothing/nobody. Nothing can be so simple as this. Neither of them is right. 5) 延续否定 You didn‘t see him, neither/nor did I. You don‘t know, I don‘t know either. He doesn‘t know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of French. 6) 半否定句 We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing. I know little English. I saw few people. 7) 双重否定 You can‘t make something out of nothing. What‘s done cannot be undone. There is no sweet without sweat. No gain without pains. I can‘t help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it. No man is so old but (that) he can learn. 8)排除否定 Everyone is ready except you. He did nothing but play.

英语中的部分否定

英语中的部分否定(即不完全否定)有如下一些表示方法: 一、all 的否定式: not all…(或:all…not)表示“并非都……”、“不是所有的都……”例如: Not all men can be masters. (= All men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长得很高。 二、both 的否定式: not…both (或:both… not) “并非两个……都……”例如: I don't want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。 Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。 三、every…的否定式:“不是每……都……”例如: Not every book is educative. (或:Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。 Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。 This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是随处可见的。 四、always的否定式:“并非总是(并非一直)……”例如: He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。 五、entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式:“不完全……”,“并非完全……”例如: The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. 不能够完全信任商人。 He felt not altogether satisfied. 他并不完全满意。 I don't agree completely. 我并不完全同意。 What he did was not quite proper. 他做的不十分妥当。 六、all the time 的否定式:“并非一直……”、“未必老是……”例如: A foolish man doesn't make a mistake all the time. 笨人未必老是犯错误。

英语中的否定

英语中的否定 第一部分:重点讲解 I. 否定的种类: 否定句是英语中的常用基本句型之一,它用来表示对所表达情况的否认.英语的否定结构形式多种多样,无论在思路上,还是在表达方式上,都与汉语有许多差异.如果只按字面意思翻译,有时会造成误解.因此,在做英译汉和汉译英练习时,一定要认真体会其中的含义,不要望文生义,以防陷入这个可怕的迷宫. 按意义分,英语中的否定多种多样.有全部否定、部分否定、多重否定(双重否定). 1)全部否定 no, not, never, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere, neither... nor,结构均表示强烈意味的完全否定, 在汉语中体现为"绝对不","没有","远不(非)......","一点也不","根本不......","无论如何也没有......"等. 2)部分否定 英语中一些含有总括含义的代词、形容词或副词,当用于否定句中时,只否定一部分,

而不是完全否定.如all, everybody(everyone), everything, anyone(anybody), anything, anywhere, everywhere, always, quite, both, entirely, altogether等词与not连用时,在汉语中译为"......不全是......","不都是......","并非全都是......","不总是......"等,而不是按照字面理解为"所有......都不是". All that glitters is not gold. 闪闪发光的东西不一定都是金子.(误:所有闪闪发光的都不是金子.) All of us don’t want to go. 照字面看来好像是“我们大家都不想去”,而实际上是“并非大家都不想去”,即有人想去,有人不想去。“None of us wants to go”才是“大家都不想去” 因此,“All……not……”应解释为“一切……并不都……”或“并非一切……都……”。例如: All knowledge and techniques of modern medicine cannot bring him back to life.

关于英语中的否定句

关于英语中的否定句 1)一般否定 这是一般意义上的否定句。否定句是指谓语部分使用了否定表达的形式。 I don’t know this. No news is good news. There is no person /not a person/not any person in the house. 2)特指否定 这是指否定句子中的某一成份,例如下面例句是对状语的否定。 He went to his office, not to see him. I am sorry for not coming on time. I don’t think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right. 3)部分否定 这是指对主语或宾语中所提到的人或事物,进行部分的否定,而不是全部提到的人或事物。句中使用了not all, not everybody, not both 一类的句式。 I don’t know all of the boys over there. I can’t see everybody in the meeting room. All is not gold that glitters. (闪光的不一定都是金子。) Both of them are not right.(并非两人都对。) 4)全体否定 这是指对主语或宾语中所提到的人或事物,进行全部的否定,即每个人或事都不是的。句子主要使用了有全部否定含义的词语,如none, nothing, neither 等。 None of my friends were involved in this case. I can see nobody in the deserted street. Nothing can be so simple as this. Neither of them is to blame for being late. 5) 延续否定 用两个简短的否定句,进一步表达否定的意思。 You didn't see him last night, neither/nor did I. You don't know about it, I don't know either. He doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of French. 6) 半否定句 这是由英语中特定的词语所决定的,与上面所说的部分否定有相似之处,这些词语是seldom, hardly, little, few 等,表示全部否定中还有一点点是肯定的。 We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing. I saw few people at the bus station at midnight. 7) 双重否定 双重否定即否定之否定,用两个否定来表示肯定,在语气上要强烈得多。 You can't make something out of nothing. What's done cannot be undone. There is no sweet without sweat. No gains without pains. I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it. No man is so old but (that) he can learn. 8)排除否定 也是一种部分否定,句子使用了表示排除的介词,如except, but, but for 等。介词后面的部

英语中的部分否定与全部否定

英语中的部分否定与全部否定 在英语里有一些用来表示“全体”或“完全”意义的总括词,如all, every(及everybody, everything等),both, always, quite, wholly, entirely, altogether, completely等,凡含有这些词的否定句并非表示全部否定。如: 1. Not all the ants go out for the food. 并非所有的蚂蚁都出外觅食。 2. Money is not everything. 金钱并非万能。 从上面例子中可以看出部分否定有下列两种形式: 一、直接把否定词not 放在被否定词之前。如: 3. Not all birds can fly. 并不是所有的鸟都会飞。 4. Not both children are clever. 两个孩子并不都聪明。 5. He doesn’t quite understand. 他并非全部理解。 6. We are not altogether interested. 我们并不完全感兴趣。 二、用not 来否定谓语。如: 7. I can’t catch everything in the book. 我没有完全掌握书中的内容。 8. All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。 除了上述两种常见的形式外,部分否定还有其它表现形式。如: 9. She can’t sing and dance. (not...and... ) 她并非既会唱歌又会跳舞。 10. It was not for nothing that she spent two years studying skies. (not for nothing) 她花了两年时间研究天体并非毫无收获。 还有含有seldom, hardly, little 等词的句子也有表示部分否定的情况。 11. He seldom asks for leave. 他很少请假。 12. It hardly ever snows in Guangdong. 广东极少下雪。 13. We know few of them. 他们当中我们不认识几个人。

英文中常用否定前缀总结

英文中常用否定前缀总结 anti-表示,相反的,相对的antibody 抗体 non-表示“非”nonhuman 非人类 英语中大部分否定前缀构词法: 1> dis 加在形容词前 -- agreeable(adj.使人愉快的)→ disagreeable(adj.不愉快的) -- content(adj.满意的 vt.使满足)→ discontent(adj.不满的 vt.令人不满 n.不满) -- graceful(adj.优美的)→ disgraceful(adj.使失体面的, 耻辱的)-- honest(adj.诚实的, 正直的)→ dishonest(adj.不诚实的) -- satisfactory(adj.满意的)→ dissatisfactory(adj.不满意的) 加在名词前 -- agreement(n.同意)→ disagreement(n.意见不同) -- honesty(n.诚实, 正直)→ dishonesty(n.不诚实, 不老实) -- ability(n.能力, 才干)→ disability(n.无力, 无能) -- grace(n.优美, 雅致)→ disgrace(n.耻辱) -- comfort(n.舒适 vt.安慰)→ discomfort(n.不舒适 vt.使不舒适)可以加在动词前 -- agree(v.同意)→ disagree(v.不同意) -- appear(vi.出现)→ disappear(vi.消失, 不见) -- believe(相信, 信任)→ disbelieve(v.不信, 怀疑) 在名词前加dis得到动词, 表示除去、解除。 -- courage(n.勇气, 精神)→ discourage(vt.使气馁) -- root(n.根, 根部)→ disroot / unroot(vt.连根拔除)

中考英语-最易混淆的完全否定与部分否定

中考英语- 最易混淆的完全否定与部分否定 一. 完全否定 英语中的完全否定可以用not, no, never, none, nobody, nothing, neither...nor, nowhere 等表示。如: 1. Nothing is difficult for him. 没什么难得到他。 2. Mary never has beef. 玛丽从来不吃牛肉。 3. Neither answer is correct. 两种答案都不对。 二.部分否定 英语中表示“全体”意义的代词, 形容词或副词。如:all, both, altogether, always, completely, every day, everyone, everything, everywhere, every, everybody, many, often 等与not 搭配时,通常表示部分否定,意思是“并非都是” “不完全是” “不是每个都是”等。例如: 1. Not everyone was amused by these April Fool's jokes.

并不是每个人都觉得这些玩笑有趣。 2. Food likes and dislikes do not always seem related to nutrition. 对食物 的好恶似乎并不总与营养有关。 比较: Nothing makes him happy. (全部否定)没有哪一件事情让他开心。 Not everything makes him happy. (部分否定)并不是每一件事都让他开心。 None of the students went to visit the science museum last week. (完全 否定)上周没有一个学生去参观科技博物馆。 Not all of the students went to visit the science museum last week. (部分 否定)上周并不是所有的学生都去参观了科技博物馆。 三.几乎否定 一些半否定词表否定之意。他们不可再与否定词连用,他们与谓语肯定式连用,构成几乎否定句。如:hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, few 等词。例如: 1.I could hardly hear what he said.

英语中部分否定的几种表示方法

英语中部分否定的几种表示方法 英语中的部分否定(即不完全否定)有如下一些表示方法: 一、all 的否定式:not all…(或:all…not)表示"并非都……"、"不是所有的都……"例如:Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长得很高。 Not all men can be masters. (= All men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。 二、both 的否定式:not…both (或:both… not) "并非两个……都……" 例如: I don't w ant both the books. 我不是两本书都要。 Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。 三、every…的否定式:"不是每……都……" 例如: Not every book is educative. (或:Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。 Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。 This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是随处可见的。 四、always的否定式:"并非总是(并非一直)……" 例如: He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。 五、entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式:"不完全……","并非完全……" 例如:He felt not altogether satisfied. 他并不完全满意。 The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. 不可以完全信任商人。

英语中否定形式的表达

英语中否定形式的表达 专家指导:英语中否定形式的表达在英语中经常用到否定形式,除了not, no之外,英语中还有其他的形式也可表达否定形式,下面是笔者对这面是笔者对这些形式的总结。1)用no和not No smoking is allowed here. Not a man was seen. He has no brothers. He is no fool. 2)用形容词far from, short of, free from, different from, last, poor, absent, It is far from the truth. I am short of money. This is the last thing I‘‘d like to do. 3)用副词hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, never, no longer, not... any longer (more), not ... at all, nowhere, I can hardly bear it. 4)动词fail, neglect, miss, deny, ignore, refuse, keep from, protect from, dislike, prevent from, exclude, forbid, wonder, lack, stop, Parents keep their children from smoking. 5)用连词unless,would rather...than, other than, neither...nor, before, except that, or, otherwise, I would rather die than give in. The truth is quite other than what you think. I thanked him before he said anything. 6)用不定代词none, little, few, neither, nobody, nothing, no one Seize today, with little trust in tomorrow. Money lost little lost, time lost all lost. 7)用介词without, instead of, in place of,

英语的部分否定与全部否定

英语的部分否定与全部否定 ■崔长平河南省遂平县第一高级中学(463100) ●部分否定就是使用否定词not或never等来否定表示全部概念的词(如:all, both,every以及由every合成的不定词,always, whole, entire等)。其意义均为“不都……”,“并非……都……”。需要说明的是:not或never否定这些词时,并非总是放在它们前面,不少时候否定词也可置于这些词之后。 All that glisters is not gold. Every man can not be a poet. You can not fool all the people all the time. He is not always so sad. This is not found everywhere. Not all bamboo grows tall. Not everybody can do the same. Both methods are not practical. He has not paid the whole money. They are never to be entirely trusted. ■部分否定参照表 ●全部否定是指句子使用了表示全部否定的词,这些词都表示绝对没人(事,物,时间,地点等)。 比较下面四句话的含义: I know both of them. 他们两个我都认识。 I don′t know both of them. 他们两个我不都认识。 I don′t know either of them. 他们两个我一个也不认识。 I know neither of them. 他们两个我都不认识。 全部否定句例如: There is nobody in the reading-room. None of that money on the table is mine. My ball-pen is nowhere to be seen. Neither of them can sing very well. He has not paid any of the money. He is never here in the morning. ■全部否定参照表:

英语中的否定

英语中的否定 一、否定概念 1.否定的基本特征:含有否定词(语)。例如: ⑴not, never, seldom, hardly, nor, ⑵no, few, , neither, ⑶none, nothing, nobody, ⑷without, but, except 含有否定词缀的词,也是一种否定意义的表达手段。但不属于否定结构或否定句。2.否定范围 否定范围指否定意义在句中涉及的范围。一般讲,从否定词开始到句末,或到表示停顿的标点为止。在口语中,句末用升调,表示修饰形状语在否定范围之内,反之则在范围之外。下列句子的划线部分是否定范围: < (1)I didn’t see Jack in the cinema yesterday. (2)None of them passed the exam. (3)I didn’t go there because I was afraid of him. (4)I didn’t go there, because I was afraid of him. (我没去那儿,因为我怕他。)句(3)在书面语中意义不明确:可能是“我没去那儿,因为我怕他”;也可能是“我去那儿并不是因为怕他”。所以最好避免,或改写成句(4)和句(5)两个意思不同但明确的句子。 (5)I did go there not because I was afraid of him. 3. 否定转移 从结构上看,not通常用于否定动词。但实际意义上讲,not真正要否定的焦点可能是否定范围中的其他成分。这种情况称为否定转移。例如: (6)Shut up. I didn’t com e to listen to your stupid excuse. =(7) I came here not to listen to your excuse. , (8) I don’t think it will rain tomorrow. =(9) I think it will not rain tomorrow. (10) I do not go to school by bike everyday. =(11) I go to school by bike at times, but not everyday. 二、常见的否定手法 1.全句否定和局部否定(也称“一般否定和特指否定”) 1.1 全句否定(general negation):结构上not, never否定谓语或no否定名词。 (12)They are not interested in these subject. (13) You can’t take these books out of the reading-room. 《

英语中的否定

英语中的否定 一、否定概念1.否定的基本特征:含有否定词(语)。例如:⑴ not, never, seldom, hardly, nor, ⑵ no, few, , neither, ⑶ none, nothing, nobody, ⑷ without, but, except 含有否定词缀的词,也是一种否定意义的表达手段。但不属于否定结构或 否定句。 2.否定范围否定范围指否定意义在句中涉及的范围。一般讲,从否定词开始到句末,或到表示停 顿的标点为止。在口语中,句末用升调,表示修饰形状语在否定范围之内,反之则在范围之外。下列句子的划线部分是否定范围: (1)I didn 'st ee Jack in the cinema yesterday. (2)None of them passed the exam. (3)I didn 'got there because I was afraid of him. (4)I didn 'got there, because I was afraid of him. (我没去那儿,因为我怕他。)句(3)在书面语中意义不明确:可能是“我没去那儿,因为我怕他”;也可能是“我 去那儿并不是因为怕他” 。所以最好避免,或改写成句(4)和句(5)两个意思不同但明确的句子。 (5)I did go there not because I was afraid of him. 3. 否定转移 从结构上看,not 通常用于否定动词。但实际意义上讲,not 真正要否定的焦点可能是否 定范围中的其他成分。这种情况称为否定转移。例如: (6)Shut up. I didn 'tt oc olimst e n to your stupid excuse. = (7) I came here not to listen to your excuse. (8) I don ' t think it will rain tomorrow. = (9) I think it will not rain tomorrow. (10) I do not go to school by bike everyday. =(11) I go to school by bike at times, but not everyday. 二、常见的否定手法 1.全句否定和局部否定(也称“一般否定和特指否定” ) 1.1 全句否定(g eneral negation):结构上not, never 否定谓语或no否定名词。(12)They are not interested in these subject. (13) You can ' t take these books out of the readi-nrogom. (14) There is no time to be lost. 1. 2 局部否定(special negation):not 置于某个特定对象之前。 (15)You must always remember not to become conceited.

英语部分否定的表示方法

英语部分否定的表示方法 英语中的部分否定(即不完全否定)有如下一些表示方法: 一、all 的否定式:not all…(或:all…not)表示“并非都……”、“不是所有的都……”例如: Not all men can be masters.(= All men cannot be masters.)并非人人都能当头头。 Not all bamboo grows tall.并非所有的竹子都会长得很高。 二、both 的否定式:not…both (或:both… not)“并非两个……都……” 例如: I don’t want both the books.我不是两本书都要。 Both (the)windows are not open.两扇窗子并不都开着。 三、every…的否定式:“不是每……都……” 例如: Not every book is educative.(或:Every book is not educative.)不是每本书都有教育意义的。 Not everyone likes this book.并非人人都喜欢这本书。 This flower is not seen everywhere.这花并不是随处可见的。 四、always的否定式:“并非总是(并非一直)……” 例如: He is not always so sad.他并不是一直都这样悲伤。 五、entirely1,altogether,completely2和quite 的否定式:“不完全……”,“并非完全……” 例如: The businessman is never to be entirely trusted.不可以完全信任商人。 He felt not altogether satisfied3.他并不完全满意。 I don’t agree completely.我并不完全同意。 What he did was not quite proper.他做的不十分妥当。 六、all the time 的否定式:“并非一直……”、“未必老是……” 例如: A foolish man doesn’t make a mistake all the time.笨人未必老是犯错误。 七、not…and…的否定式,被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分。例如: He did not speak clearly and correctly.他讲得清楚但不正确。 This film is not interesting and instructive.这部电影有趣但无教育意义。 She cannot sing and dance.她会唱歌但不会跳舞。 如果将and 换成or,not 对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。 He did not speak clearly or correctly.他讲的既不清楚也不正确。 如要对上述的all,both,every,always,以及entirely,altogether,completely,quite 和all the time 等词作完全否定,那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词,如no,none,neither,no one,never,not (never)… at all 等。例如:All of them can do it.—— None of them can do it. Both are good.——Neither is good. Everybody likes it.——Nobody likes it. He is always late.—— He is never late. We don’t trust them entirely.—— We never trust them at all. He was here all the time.—— He was never here.

英语中的部分否定(即不完全否定)

恒星英语学习网https://www.360docs.net/doc/0a230605.html, 英语中的部分否定(即不完全否定)有如下一些表示方法: 英语中部分否定的几种表示方法 一、all 的否定式:not all…(或:all…not)表示"并非都……"、"不是所有的都……"例如:Not all men can be masters. (= All men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。 Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长得很高。 二、both 的否定式:not…both (或:both…not) "并非两个……都……" 例如: I don't want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。 Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。 三、every…的否定式:"不是每……都……" 例如: Not every book is educative. (或:Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。 This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是随处可见的。 四、always的否定式:"并非总是(并非一直)……" 例如: He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。 五、entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式:"不完全……","并非完全……" 例如: The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. 不可以完全信任商人。 He felt not altogether satisfied. 他并不完全满意。 I don't agree completely. 我并不完全同意。 What he did was not quite proper. 他做的不十分妥当。 六、all the time 的否定式:"并非一直……"、"未必老是……" 例如: A foolish man doesn't make a mistake all the time. 笨人未必老是犯错误。 七、not…and…的否定式,被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分。例如: He did not speak clearly and correctly. 他讲得清楚但不正确。 This film is not interesting and instructive. 这部电影有趣但无教育意义。 She cannot sing and dance. 她会唱歌但不会跳舞。 如果将and 换成or,not 对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。 He did not speak clearly or correctly. 他讲的既不清楚也不正确。 如要对上述的all, both, every, always, 以及entirely, altogether, completely, quite 和all the time 等词作完全否定,那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词,如no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never)…at all 等。例如: All of them can do it.--- None of them can do it. Both are good.---Neither is good. Everybody likes it. ---Nobody likes it. He is always late. --- He is never late. We don't trust them entirely. --- We never trust them at all. He was here all the time. --- He was never here.

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