2020年中考英语阅读理解专题练习《热点话题》(含答案)

2020年中考英语阅读理解专题练习《热点话题》

新科技

Passage1(2019台州)

Brooke wanted a doll house and some sugar cookies. So the 6yearold asked Alexa to get them. Alexa wasn't her mom or babysitter. It was a voiceactivated home assistant powered by AI(人工智能). And it made Brooke's wishes come true. A few days later, much to her parents' surprise, a $170 dollhouse and four pounds of cookies showed up. They ate the cookies and gave away the dollhouse to a local hospital. And that's not the end of the story. When a news reporter told the story of what happened on TV, Alexa devices(设备)in many listeners' homes woke up and tried to order dollhouses!

Alexa isn't the only AI willing to serve you. Apple Homepod has Siri, Google Home has its Assistant, and the upcoming Galaxy Home device will have Bixby. People who have these devices use them mainly for listening to music, checking the weather, and setting timers. According to a report from The Information, nowadays voice shopping is rare. But many scientists predict a boom(增长) in voice shopping in the near future. Is that a good thing

________. You can shout out an order as soon as you think of it, even if you are cooking, cleaning, o r driving. In addition, people with disabilities who are unable to use a keyboard or mouse can shop without any help.

But voice shopping has its disadvantages. Unwanted dollhouses aren't the biggest problem. It's usually very easy to cancel an order or return products. The thing t hat worries some people is that these assistants are always listening. They have to be able to respond when you want them. So they listen for “Alexa” or “OK Google” or another order. When they hear it, they start recording the conversation. Some have worried about what happens to these recordings. Should companies be allowed to use them to learn about people's shopping habits And what if someone hacks(入侵) the device The CIA found a way to hack smart TVs to turn them into spies that listen all the time. Others could do the same with any smart device.

What do you think Are you ready to start voice shopping

( )1. From the passage, we know that Alexa ________．

A. can look after the baby

B. can cook delicious food

C. is a toy doll sold online

D. is one kind of AI device

( )2. The underlined word “rare” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________．

A. unusual

B. expensive

C. harmful

D. impossible

( )3. Which of the following is the best to fill in the “________” in Paragraph 3

A. Convenience is the main advantage of voice shopping

B. The cost of voice shopping is lower than other ways

C. The popularity of voice shopping is increasing

D. The technology of voice shopping needs improving

( )4. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us that ________ when people try voice shopping.

A. AI sometimes forgets people's orders

B. personal information might be hacked

C. it's difficult to cancel or return products

D. the needs for products can't be satisfied

Passage2(2019宿迁)

Technology is developing fast and it has become an important part of our life. Then what will

the world be like in the future

3D food will be both delicious and nutritious(有营养的). We can use 3D printers to print some basic materials. __①__ And we can go further. Scientists believe that we just need to turn on a printer in the kitchens and then we can enjoy our favourite food whenever we like.

__②__ 5G network will allow many more people to get information. Big companies like China Mobile and China Unicom will start to offer 5G. It is said that 5G promises download speeds 10 to 20 times faster than 4G. For example, we can download a film within just 1 second. But with a 4G network, it takes a few minutes. There will be much bandwidth(带宽) and we can get unlimited(无限的) information.

Underwater cities will provide more space. The earth is becoming more and more crowded. We may turn to underwater homes, which will be built as low as 15 kilometers below the sea. And the different temperatures at the different depths(深度) of the sea can be used to provide power for the homes.

__③__ For us common people on the earth, the dream of travelling around space will come true. In the coming years, spacecraft will be as popular as buses, trains and planes. We can leave our home and enter space to take an adventure(冒险). And even we will get used to living there.

A robot will be a part of life. Robots can do many of the same things as we humans do like driving cars. But they will be used in other areas as well. They will be able to think. They can tell the difference between right and wrong. They can feel sadness or joy. When we are lonely, they can have a talk with us like real friends.

__④__ In a word, just as Jules Verne said, “Anything one man can imagine, other men can make real.”

( )1. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the future world is TRUE

A. 3D food will be easy to make but won't taste good.

B. With 5G, users will get only a little information.

C. Underwater cities will provide more living space.

D. A robot will do everything for us human beings.

( )2. Where can the sentence “Space tour will be a piece of cake.” be put

A. ①

B. ②

C. ③

D. ④

( )3. What can we infer(推断) from the passage

A. People will live a hard life in the future

B. Technology will make our future better.

C. People will have no real friends in the future.

D. Technology will make no difference to our future.

( )4. Where does the passage probably come from

A. A storybook.

B. A film poster.

C. A travel guide.

D. A science magazine.

Passage3(2019绍兴)

To help Japanese companies better deal with the increasing

number of foreigners visiting the country, Panasonic has created

a megaphone(扩音器) which is able to smartly translate Japanese into

English, Chinese and Korean.

Panasonic named the product “Megahonyaku”. It is a term for the Japanese words for “megaphone” and “translate”， which actually makes a lot of sense because

it's a megaphone that can translate Japanese into several other languages in real time. When a user speaks Japanese into the megaphone, it recognizes(辨认) and translates what is being said immediately, and outputs the words in English, Chinese or Korean.

It sounds amazing, and seeing it in action is wonderful, but Megahonyaku is not good enough. It cannot translate everything you say, as it only stores 300 common expressions, like “The train has been put off” or “Watch your step”. However, the Japanese company behind Megahonyaku promises to add new expressions regularly, which users can get on the Internet.

The machine was designed to be used in places like transport stations, airports and places of interest, where quick and exact announcements are needed most. Around 30 Japanese organizations, including the police and guides, have been trying out Megahonyaku for about one year, but Panasonic says it will come onto the market on December 20th. Instead of selling these speech translators, Panasonic plans on renting(出租) them out for less than $183 a month on a threeyear agreement, and offering users future improvements and necessary services.

Panasonic has also said that it may add support for other languages, like Russian, depending on customers' needs. Megahonyaku also includes a touch screen that allows users to choose the language they need their speech translated into.

( )1. Panasonic has produced Megahonyaku so that ________.

A. guides can translate Chinese into Japanese faster

B. Japanese companies can receive foreigners better

C. foreigners can talk with the Japanese freely

D. the Japanese can learn other languages easily

( )2. The third paragraph is mainly about the ________ of Megahonyaku.

A. invention

B. importance

C. disadvantage

D. history

( )3. It can be learnt from Paragraph 4 that Megahonyaku ________．

A. may be popular with the police

B. is widely used in private homes

C. will be sold on December 20th

D. stores about 30 foreign languages

( )4. According to the passage, Panasonic will ________ in the future.

A. sell Megahon yaku to foreign visitors

B. bring down the price of Megahonyaku

C. change the screen of Megahonyaku

D. improve Megahonyaku regularly

Passage4(2019广安)

Artificial intelligence(AI)(人工智能) is the ability of a computer program or a machine. The computer or the machine with AI can think and learn. It is also a field of study that tries to make computers “smart”. John McCarthy, a scientist, came up with(提出) the name “artificial intelligence” over 60 years ago. Many things such as learning and problem solving can be done by computers, though not in the same way as people do.

An unusual goal of AI research is to create special computer programs. They can learn, solve problems, and think logically(逻辑地). At present, AI can successfully understand human speech, recognize(识别) human faces, operate selfdriving cars and compete in some game systems like playing Chess. However, some people consider(认为) AI a danger to humans if it develops too quickly.

A famous British scientist also was not for this kind of technology.

Math is the basic language of AI. If students are good at math, they will be more likely to become successful AI designers(设计者) in the future. We need not only bright students but also average(普通的) students. As for(对于) average students, if they get enough math skills, they can also become successful AI designers. Besides, a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI designing.

Scientists hope to create creative(有创造力的) and emotional(有情感的) AI. The AI can possibly understand human feelings or create art. Many ways and tools have been tried to discover this wide and exciting field.

( )1. From Paragraph 1, we know that ________．

A. all problems can be solved by computers

B. machines with AI can think and learn

C. AI has been around for only 60 years

D. AI works in the same way as people

( ) to the passage, what can't AI do at present

A. Understand human speech.

B. Operate selfdriving cars.

C. Compete in some game systems.

D. Understand human feelings.

( )3. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to(指的是)________．

A. chess

B. a scientist

C. the danger

D. AI

( )4. According to the passage, if students want to become successful AI designers, they should learn ________ well.

A. math and art

B. art and technology

C. math and computer science

D. art and computer science

( )5. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us the scientists' ________ about AI.

A. wishes

B. worries

C. feelings

D. discoveries

Passage5(2019舟山)

Fresh green grass. Hundreds of colorful wild flowers. Water running into little pools. Birds making their homes in boxes. The 9，500squaremetre Augustenborg Botanical Garden may look just like any other wellorganized park but there's a difference. It lies on the roofs(屋顶) of industrial and office buildings in the city of Malm? in Sweden.

Green roofs are not a new invention. And now they are getting popular again. The common roofs of a modern city have endless black surfaces with no life or water. Perhaps that's why a garden on a roof becomes such a perfect choice for more and more people.

Green roofs are not just pretty. They also help to moderate the city temperature. The high temperatures on common roofs in the summer can make top floor flats uncomfortably hot. What is more, they play a part in making the cities hotter than the countryside around them, causing the “urban heatisland effect”. On a green roof, however, with its plants and water, temperatures change only a little, as they do in a park. This can greatly cut the costs of heating and cooling in the building below.

Also, a green roof takes in rain water, and protects the city drainage(排水) system. ________ And small animals and birds can make their homes on it. Thanks to this, the city may become part

of nature, rather than something completely separate from it.

While the cost of building such a roof can still be higher, it can be cheaper in the long term as a result of energy savings. And wouldn't it be wonderful to be able to walk out into a garden high above the city's noise and traffic, whether you're at school or in an office or just at home in a tenfloor block

( )1. With the example of Augustenborg Botanical Garden, the writer wants to explain ________．

A. how wildlife is protected

B. what a green roof is like

C. how to organize a good park

D. what to do with a spare roof

( )2. The underlined word “moderate” in Paragraph 3 is the closest in meaning to “________”．

A. raise

B. check

C. record

D. control

( )3. Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in Paragraph 4

A. A green roof is alive.

B. A green roof stops pollution.

C. A common roof is noisy.

D. A common roof increases the cost.

( )4. The purpose of the passage is to______．

A. discover the problems with green roofs

B. introduce the change of green roofs

C. show the amazing beauty of green roofs

D. describe the advantages of green roofs

Passage6(2019烟台)

In 1987, a small company named Huawei was started in Shenzhen. After more than 30 years of development, the company has now beaten Apple and become the world's secondlargest maker of smartphones behind Korea's Samsung. It has also become the world's largest supplier(供应商)of 5G.

But recently, Huawei faced some difficulties. The U．S. government ordered a ban(禁令)on its sales in America. American officials said Huawei gave information that it collected to the Chinese government. At the same time, the U．S. government planned to stop selling parts and services to Huawei, which was believed that Huawei's business would be hurt.

“We have never received such a request from Chinese government and we have never tried to get into other system to collect information.” Ren Zhengfei, Huawei's founder and president said.“The ban from the U．S. would have little effect on our company. Huawei has enough ability to deal with the problems.” Ren added.

In an interview several years ago, Ren Zhengfei said, “I started Huawei with only ￡4，000 at the beginning, but now it has become a $100 billion company.

The__experience__was__not__as__romantic__(浪漫的)as__you__imagine.”

Facing the ban of the U．S., Huawei is growing. Huawei's smartphone sales around the world rose 50 percent compared to a year earlier in the first three months of 2019. At the same time, sales from both Samsung and Apple fell. So far, Huawei has grown into the world's largest telecommunication equipment(电信设备)supplier, selling in 170 countries. It may beat Samsung as the largest smartphone maker in the near future.

( )1. Which company is the largest smartphone supplier of 5G in the world

A. Apple.

B. Samsung.

C. Huawei.

D. Nokia.

( )2. Why did the U．S. order a ban on Huawei

A. Huawei's sales in America were growing faster than Apple.

B. Huawei refused to supply services to the U．S. government.

C. They didn't want Apple to sell parts and services to Huawei.

D. They thought Huawei collected information for the Chinese government.

( )3. From what Ren Zhengfei said, we can learn that Huawei________．

A. is deeply affected by the ban

B. has got into the system of the U．S.

C. can solve the problems they are facing

D. is asked to supply information to China

( )4. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means________．

A. Huawei's developing experience was hard

B. it is romantic to start a company with ￡4，000

C. the romantic experience was a large amount of wealth

D. people can understand Huawei's developing experience easily

( )5. What does the writer want to tell in the last paragraph

A. Huawei will grow slowly.

B. Huawei is full of hope.

C. Huawei's sales will be doubled.

D. Huawei is the largest smartphone maker.

Passage7(2019常州)

There is good news for students of vocational(职业的) colleges in China: the government has announced plans to develop modern vocational education.

Premier Li Keqiang said the government should speed up the development of modern vocational education to meet the need for skilled workers and technicians(技术人员) in the job market. High school graduates and workers with no special training are encouraged to study in higher vocational colleges. Li said that the number of the new students in higher vocational colleges in China should go up by 1 million this year. This is the first time the central government has a clear plan.

This comes after the news of the large shortfall(不足) in highly skilled technicians, although China has millions of technical workers. China is expected to face a shortfall of 3 million skilled workers who can operate the newest machines by 2020. The shortfall will grow to million by 2025. Also, vocational education is unsatisfactory(不令人满意的), although there are many vocational colleges in China. In some vocational colleges, the education methods and courses cannot meet the need of upgrading(升级) manufacturing(制造业). As can be seen from the job market, some companies still can't find highly skilled technicians even with high pay.

To deal with the problem, some vocational colleges have worked with companies to teach students. They have hired skilled technicians from companies as teachers. With the rising of the skilled workers' social position and pay, it is believed the vocational education system in China will start to play a bigger role in the development of China.

( )1. What's the main purpose of the development of modern vocational education in China

A. To train more highly skilled technicians for the job market.

B. To help vocational college graduates get higher pay from their work.

C. To ask more people to live on themselves with technical skills.

D. To encourage more companies to upgrade manufacturing.

( )2. What is one of the problems of Chinese vocational education according to the passage

A. Higher vocational college teachers are not well paid and valued.

B. There are only a small number of higher vocational colleges in China.

C. The education methods and courses in vocational colleges are unsatisfactory.

D. Some of the vocational college teachers are skilled technicians from companies. ( )3. The writer believes China's future vocational education is________．

A. hopeful

B. doubtful

C. unsatisfactory

D. worrying

Passage8(2019安顺)

Millions of American soybean(大豆)farmers in 2019 are losing money because China is not buying their crops any more. But garlic(大蒜)growers in California are making more money.

For many years, sales of garlic in California had been little because of the much cheaper garlic from China. This year, however, California garlic sales are rising because American government increases tariffs(关税)on Chinese products.

Christopher, a garlic grower in California, is manager of his company and he said, “In a perfect world, we would love to see the tariffs on China.”

Tariffs on Chinese garlic rose from 10% to 25% on May 9, 2019, and the reason is that U．S President Donald Trump increased tariffs on Chinese products worth of $200 billion. Since then, Chinese buyers have almost stopped buying soybeans from the United States and American soybean farmers are now getting worried.

Not everyone likes the garlic tariffs in the U．S. Last July Christopher expressed his support on Trump's policy(政策). However, officials from McCormick and Company Inc. didn't agree with the policy. McCormick's CEO, Lawrence told Reuters(路透社)that without Chinese garlic America can't go. Actually, the trade war(贸易战)between China and America is a sign of American hegemony(霸权), and it will destroy American economy and U．S government will lose its trust from other countries in the world.

( )1. From the passage we infer(推理)that ________．

A. America is buying garlic from China as much as before

B. American soybean farmers make money as much as before

C. China is still buying crops from America as much as before

D. Garlic growers in California are making more money than before

( )2. Why is less Chinese garlic bought by America this year

A. Because enough garlic is grown in California.

B. Because American government has increased tax(税收)on Chinese garlic.

C. Because China is not buying soybeans from America.

D. Because companies support American government.

( )3. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to

A. China

B. the trade

C. American hegemony

D. a sign

( )4. How much tariff did American government increase on Chinese garlic on May 9, 2019

A. 15%

B. 25%

C. 10%

D. 35%

( )5. According to the passage, who disagrees with the American policy of having tariffs on Chinese products

A. Christopher

B. Donald Trump

C. California garlic growers

D. Lawrence

Passage9(2019福建)

All over the world, thousands of animals are used for wildlife tourism. People travel to watch monkey shows, hug baby tigers and swim with dolphins. It might look like fun, but there are reports that animals are hurt now and again. The World Animal Protection(WAP) says that up to 550，000 wild animals are exposed(暴露) to ill treatment around the world; in Cambodia, for example, it's been reported that elephants have died after carrying tourists for long in hot weather. This is getting attention—over 100 travel companies have promised that they will no longer open up such__places. However, some people argue that animal tourism isn't always as bad as it seems. So what do you think

Group Yes

●Animals weren't put on this planet for enjoyment. They should be free to live

as they choose.

●The way animals are treated is often cruel and causes much pain. Even if treated

well, they cannot act in the same way as they would in the wild.

●We don't need wildlife tourism. We can see animals close up in their natural home

in TV programs. There's no need to disturb(打扰) them in real life.

Group No

●It is enjoyable and educational for people to communicate with the wonderful

animals. The more people know about them, the more they want to protect them.

●Wildlife tourism brings money to poor areas and may be the only way for some people

to make a living.

●Not all animals are treated badly. Some endangered animals are under the protection

of programs that look after rare species (稀有物种).

( )1. How many wild animals are facing bad treatment according to WAP

A. More than 100.

B. Hundreds.

C. Thousands.

D. About 550，000.

( )2. The underlined words “such places” refer to(指) the places for________．

A. foreign travelers

B. sick elephants

C. wildlife protection

D. animal tourism

( )3. What opinion do the two groups have in common

A. Animals can live wherever they like.

B. Wildlife should be protected.

C. Animal tourism supports poor people.

D. Wildlife is well looked after.

( )4. “Group Yes” suggests that people should not disturb animals ________．

A. in Cambodia

B. in travel companies

C. in real life

D. in poor areas

( )5. What is the text mainly about

A. Ways of protecting rare species.

B. Different opinions on wildlife tourism.

C. How to bring tourists enjoyment.

D. Whether to collect information on wildlife.

Passage10(2019河南)

Thousands of years ago, Britain was covered by thick forests, home to many animals which no longer live in the United Kingdom. There were wolves and bears, many different kinds of deer and large wild cows. There were less than four million people. They lived in small villages protected by wooden walls from the animals outside.

All this has changed, of course. Now the population of the United Kingdom has increased to sixtyfive million. Threequarters of Britain is covered with fields, towns or cities. Although 25 percent of land is countryside, new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before. The United Kingdom is one of the few countries in the world that don't have a large wild animal that eats meat. In Scotland there are only 400 wildcats, but these are much smaller than wolves.

Some people would like to change things, however! Some organizations and writers say that Britain needs to become more natural again. They suggest that trees and plants that grew in the UK before towns and cities were built should be allowed to grow again. They even say that large wild animals which have not lived in the UK should be helped to return and live wild. They call this “rewilding”．

Not everyone agrees. In the last twenty years, over one

million trees which at first grew in Scotland have been planted

and there are plans for more—but wild animals Some people ask

if wolves will attack sheep or even humans. They are also angry

that rewilding might mean an end to walking in the hills which so many people enjoy. So far there are no wolves or bears in Britain's forests—but soon there might be!

( )1. What was the population of the UK thousands of years ago

A. About 25 million.

B. Over 65 million.

C. More than 61 million.

D. Not more than four million.

( )2. Why are there fewer birds and small animals in fields in the UK

A. Because more trees have been planted.

B. Because there are more large wild animals.

C. Because pollution is much worse than before.

D. Because people use new methods of farming.

( )3. Which paragraph gives opinions from “rewilding” supporters

A. Paragraph 1.

B. Paragraph 2.

C. Paragraph 3.

D. Paragraph 4.

( )4. What are some people against

A. Living closer to nature.

B. Planting more and more trees.

C. Helping large wild animals return.

D. Building more villages and towns.

( )5. What's the best title for the text

A. Making Britain wild again

B. A trip to wild Britain

C. An introduction to Britain

D. Protecting the environment

Passage11(2019广州)

Comments：Should Museum Entry Be Free

With International Museum Day coming up, today we are asking readers: Should museums be free or should people have to pay for a ticket Let us know ‘your view’．

Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free. While museums need a huge amount of money to operate, let the wealthy pay for it. The idea of a person or child interested in art not being able to view it because of cost is wrong. Krista Chen (US)Age 15

Free entry does not attract people or encourage them to appreciate art. Generally people respect things that are difficult or costly to get Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee, but provide free tickets as prizes for highachieving students who can appreciate them more.

Fred Smith (New Zealand)Age 14

Museums teach people about their past. This is part of our shared culture that should be available to everyone, rich or poor. People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee.

Rob Sanchez (Australia)Age 17

There are no simple answers. Low ticket prices could help museums stay open. But companies and businessmen should also provide museums with more money and other support. They have a social responsibility too. Amber White (UK)Age 16

I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public.

I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money-raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open.

Li Mishao (China)Age 15

( )1. How many readers support the idea of free museums

A. 2.

B. 3.

C. 4.

D. 5.

( ) suggests museums should regularly hold special events to collect money

A. Krista Chen.

B. Fred Smith.

C. Rob Sanchez.

D. Li Mishao.

( )3. Why does Fred Smith believe that free tickets should be given to highachieving students

A. Students will then study harder.

B. Museums will attract more visitors.

C. Museums can make themselves more famous.

D. These students can better appreciate museums.

( )4. Which of the following does Amber White agree with

A. Businesses should offer museums more help.

B. People should only pay what they can afford.

C. Free entry doesn't encourage visitors to museums.

D. Everybody should have a chance to visit museums.

( )5. What can we know about the website

A. It's quite a new website.

B. It was started in Australia.

C. It's generally for young readers.

D. It mainly discusses scientific topics.

Passage12(2019杭州)

If you go shopping in any toy store, you can see clearly the different games and toys for boys and girls: there are a lot of pink toys on one side of the store for girls; and darkcolored cars, guns, and soldiers for boys. Some big stores with toys may even have a pink floor for girls and a blue floor for boys. In fact, it is difficult to buy a toy for a girl that is not pink.

Some people think that too much pink is bad for girls. Sue Palmer, writer of Toxic Childhood, is very worried that most girls over the age of three are crazy about the color. According to some scientists, this happens for two reasons. Firstly, most companies offer too many products in pink. Also, many parents think their little daughter looks cute in pink. Sue Palmer says that girls at this age cannot make proper decisions by themselves, but the pink can affect(影响) the choices and the decisions they will make in the future.

Some parents are worried too—for example, Vanessa Holburn, thirtytwo, who has two girls under the age of four. Their bedrooms are a sea of pink and Vanessa is not happy. “Pink says that you are soft and g entle. Blue says th at you are strong and powerful. I want my daughters to be strong and powerful. I'm worried that pink will not help them with that，” she says.

But not everyone thinks there's something wrong with pink. Grayson Turner is a father of three girls and he isn't worried at all. “People forget that things change all the time，” he says. “My girls used to love pink when they were little, but as they get older, they change.” Turner explains that his twelveyearold daughter never wears pink clothes anymore. “This love of pink is just a fashion and all fashions change，” he adds. “It's only since the 1940s that people have started dressing girls in pink—before that it was a color for boys.”

( )1. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage

( )2. The underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 means ________．

A. being soft and gentle

B. being strong and powerful

C. being gentle but powerful

D. being cute and beautiful

( )3. According to Grayson Turner, ________．

A. parents needn't worry about pink toys

B. all little kids love the color pink

C. pink has always been a color for girls

D. his girls now prefer the color blue

( )4. The purpose of this passage is to ________．

A. explain why girls are crazy about the color pink

B. make parents less worried about the color pink

C. encourage girls to give up playing with pink toys

D. show people's different opinions about the color pink

Passage13(2019南京)

Mike Isaac and I are reporters of Student Daily. For the topics of our newspaper next month, we visited Sunshine Elementary School on May 10. We interviewed some students and here is what they said.

( )1. What did Mike Isaac and the writer visit Sunshine Elementary School for

A. For environment protection.

B. For wildlife protection.

C. For good manners in school.

D. For topics of the newspaper.

( )2. What may cause people to be mad at one another in Andrew Vargas's opinion

A. Losing more oxygen.

B. Speaking in a loud voice.

C. Cutting down more trees.

D. Hunting tigers for medicine.

( )3. Who talked about health

A.Joslyn Frace.

B. Jayden Mitchell.

C. Andrew Vargas.

D. Joseph Truong.

Passage14(2019重庆A卷)

Imagine a world with no more wild animals: no elephants, no tigers or lions. To some people, that thought is too terrible for words. So they are doing something about it. Tiffany Soechting is one of them.

Being among wild animals—feeding them and caring for them—is all Tiffany Soechting has wanted to do with her life. And that is exactly what she does!

Soechting is the human “mother” to the 500 animals that live on her family wildlife farm in San Antonio, Texas. On the farm, she cares for animals from around the world. Soechting says she loves them all. However, two reticulated giraffes(网纹长颈鹿)take up a special place in her heart. Their population in the wild has become smaller by 80% in the last 15 years. “I'm so glad to get help from five wildlife researchers that took giraffes up to a higher level. All our hard work helps protect giraffes living in the wild.”

Besides her animal caring, Soechting also holds monthly classes, where she teaches school children about the animals.

Soechting also opens the farm to the public. Visitors not only learn about the animals, they can also get close to them. And the animals are not against that. For them, people are part of their natural environment.

The farm is part conservation(保护)area, part educational center and part animal park. As the animals walk peacefully around the grounds, it is easy for them to forget that San Antonio, a busy city, is just few minutes away.

( )1. “Soechting is the human ‘mother' to the 500 animals”shows ________．

A. she has already married and has some children

B. the animals on the farm are taken good care of

C. the animals can get along well with each other

D. she teaches school children about animals well

( )2. The structure of the passage may be ________．

( )3. According to the passage, Soechting is ________．

A. confident but lazy

B. humorous and lovely

C. wise but careless

D. kind and hardworking

( )4. The best title of the passage may be “________”．

A. How to Save Wild Animals

B. Soechting and Her Wild Animals

C. Two Reticulated Giraffes

D. A World Without Wild Animals

Passage15(2019衢州)

The world has a plastics problem. And not just with bottles. Straws(吸管)，toothbrushes, toys —all kinds of plastics are placed in landfills. There are 5 billion tons of plastic waste in the world. Landfills have a large part of it. By 2050, they could have 13 billion tons.

Much of plastic rubbish finds its way into the ocean. Scientists say 165 million tons of plastic pieces are floating around out there. And most plastic won't disappear itself. It will remain

in the ocean forever. Whales get caught in plastic fishing nets. Birds die because of eating plastic straws and bottle caps. It endangers ocean life. Plastic rubbish even ends up in the food we eat.

Governments are realizing that recycling may not be enough. They are taking more actions. Though it is hard work, it is still a solvable problem. In Britain, people are not allowed to use plastic bags except in hospitals. Scotland and several coastal cities in the US stop people from using plastic straws as well. The US alone throws away some 500 million plastic straws a day. That's enough to circle the Earth twice.“Saying no to a plastic straw is an easy way to make a big difference，”Diana Lofflin who started said.“Do we really want to pass on to our children a world harmed by plastic”

People have found some tasty ways to reduce waste. A company in India made the firstever spoon that people can eat. You don't have to eat the spoon. You can throw it away. It decomposes(分解)in just a few days. David Edwards, a scientist at Harvard University，designed an eatable bag which can protect the food or drink inside. It is a delicious replacement for plastic ones. ( )1. According to the writer, birds die because they ________．

A. eat bottle caps and straws

B. get caught in fishing nets

C. feed on ocean animals

D. have the spoons in India

( )2. The underlined word “endangers” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________．

A. brings

B. loses

C. harms

D. saves

( )3. The purpose of the passage is mainly to ________．

A. introduce some ways to recycle waste

B. tell readers about the problem with plastics

C. compare air pollution and plastic pollution

D. describe how the US is reducing plastic waste

( )4. From the passage, we can tell that the plastics problem ________．

A. is too big for people to solve

B. can be solved by recycling alone

C. can be solved, but it won't be easy

D. will have to be solved by future scientists

Passage16(2019绍兴)

A zerowaste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish. So, a zerowaste store is about providing a kind of everyday and pleasantlooking zerowaste products to help people start on a zerowaste life journey.

“Zero waste” or “danshari” was first suggested by a French woman called Bea Johnson. Her idea is: live a life and try not to create any rubbish; use different kinds of ways to save the environment such as stopping the use of oneoff objects; giving unwanted things to others or giving them away to organizations like the Red Cross.

Yu Yuan, 27, is deeply interested in this idea. She and her boyfriend have lived in Beijing for many years. And earlier she used to buy things without thinking about them carefully until she saw a video about “zero waste”， in which a family of four placed the rubbish they produced every year in a jar(罐). After watching the video, Yu wanted to experience this zerowaste lifestyle with her boyfriend.

A zerowaste life follows the 6R rule—Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot. Over

AugustOctober when Yu followed the rule of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish.

Now, the couple have opened a small shop in Beijing, where they use wood products to take the place of plastic ones and cloth bags printed with environmentally friendly logos. Most products sold in the store can be reused. The store also has secondhand books and CDs/DVDs with ideas to make the best of the used things.

“Those who once experienced the nonwaste lifestyle have slowly changed their ideas，” says Yu. “The zerowaste lifestyle is not for ascetics(苦行僧). It is just around us at our finger-tips.” Yu expects some of her friends to join her on the road to zero waste.

( )1. Bea Johnson suggests that people should ________．

A. try to produce no rubbish in life

B. s hare objects with others

C. help their friends live comfortably

D. work hard for the Red Cross

( )2. We can see from the passage that Yu Yuan ________．

A. offers plastic bags in her store

B. is influenced by the 6R rule

C. often buys things she doesn't need

D. likes listening to CDs very much

( )3. What Yu Yuan says in the last paragraph probably means that ________．

A. lots of people doubt the zerowaste lifestyle

B. she feels it hard to continue her lifestyle

C. her friends have followed her lifestyle

D. the zerowaste lifestyle is not difficult to live

( )4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage

A. Opening up a second hand store

B. Recycling waste

C. Saving the environment

D. Joining the couple

答案与解析

Passage 1

【主旨大意】这是一篇说明文。主要通过Brooke利用人工智能语音激活的家庭助手，买了一间玩具屋和一些甜点这一故事，介绍了声控购物的利与弊。

1. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，我们了解到Alexa 。结合文章第一段第四句“It was

a voiceactivated home assistant powered by AI(人工智能)．”可知Alexa是一种人工智能设备。

故选D。

2. A【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第二段中划线单词“rare”的意思可能是。根据下句“But many

scientists predict a boom(增长) in voice shopping in the near future.”可推知，目前这种购物方式是很罕见的。故选A。

3. A【解析】句子还原题。题干意为：下面哪个句子放在第三段中的横线上最合适根据横线后内容“You

can shout out an order as soon as you think of it, even if you are cooking...”可知横线处应该是讲声控购物的便利性。故选A。

4. B【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第四段主要告诉我们当人们尝试声控购物的时候。根据第四

段倒数第三句“And what if someone hacks(入侵)the device”可知很多人都担心尝试声控购物时，个人信息会被窃取。故选B。

Passage 2

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了未来的3D食品、5G网络、水下城市、太空旅行和机器人。

1. C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章，下面关于未来世界的说法哪一个是正确的根据第四段第二、三句

“The earth is becoming more and more crowded. We may turn to underwater homes...”可知，水下城市将提供更多的生活空间。故选C。

2. C【解析】句子还原题。题干意为：哪个空可以填入“Space tour will be a piece of cake.”根据

第五段空格后第一句“For us common people on the earth, the dream of travelling around space will come true.”可知，太空旅行将是小菜一碟。故选C。

3. B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从文章中我们可以推断出什么通读全文可知，3D食品、5G网络、

水下城市、太空旅行和机器人将对未来产生重大影响，将会使得我们未来生活更加美好。故选B。

4. D【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：本篇文章可能来自哪里本文介绍了未来世界会是什么样的，分别

介绍了未来的3D食品、5G网络、水下城市、太空旅行和机器人，所以本文可能来自一份科学杂志。故选D。

Passage 3

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了日本松下公司创造出的一种新型扩音器。

1. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：松下已经生产Megahonyaku以便于。由文中第一段“To help

Japanese companies better deal with the increasing number of foreigners... smartly translate Japanese into English, Chinese and Korean.”可知松下公司生产扩音器的目的是帮助日本公司更好地应对外国游客数量的上升。故选B。

2. C【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第三段主要是关于Megahonyaku的。由文中第三段第一句“It

sounds amazing, and seeing it in action is wonderful, but Megahonyaku is not good enough.”

可知本段落主要是关于Megahonyaku的缺点。故选C。

3. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从第四段可以了解到Megahonyaku 。根据文中第四段第二句

“Around 30 Japanese organizations, including the police and guides, have been trying out

Megahonyaku for about one year...”可知扩音器已在警局使用了一年，由此推测出它可能受警方欢迎。故选A。

4.D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据这篇文章，松下在未来会。根据文中第四段最后一句“...and

offering users future improvements and necessary services.”可知松下为使用者提供未来的一些改进和必要服务。故选D。

Passage 4

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了人工智能的起源、具体功能及对人工智能设计者的基本要求，在文章最后对人工智能前景提出了展望。

1． B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从文章第一段，我们知道。根据第一段第二句“The computer or the machine with AI can think and learn.”可知，人工智能的电脑或机器可以思考和学习。故选B。

2． D 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据这篇文章，人工智能现在不能做什么根据第二段第三句“At present, AI can successfully understand human speech, recognize(识别) human faces, operate selfdriving cars and compete in some game systems like playing Chess.”可知D项未提及到。

故选D。

3． D 【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：第二段画线单词“it”指的是。根据画线单词所在的句子“However, some people consider(认为)AI a danger to humans if it develops too quickly.”可知，有些人认为如果人工智能发展得太快，会对人类构成威胁。此处的代词it指的是主语AI。故选D。

4． C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据短文，如果学生们想要成为成功的人工智能设计者，他们应该学好。根据第三段第一句“Math is the basic language of AI.”以及最后一句“Besides, a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI designing.”可知，想成为成功的人工智能设计者，应该学好数学和电脑科学。故选C。

5． A 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：第四段主要告诉我们科学家关于人工智能的。根据第四段第一句“Scientists hope to create creative(有创造力的) and emotional (有情感的)AI.”可知，科学家们希望创造出具有创造力和情感的人工智能。推理可知，主要表明科学家的愿望。故选A。

Passage 5

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章首先通过一个事例告诉我们什么是绿色房顶，其次展开叙述了绿色房顶有哪些优势，最后讲到虽然目前绿色房顶的造价很高，但是长期而言，相比于绿色屋顶带来的能源节约，建造它的花费就显得微不足道了。

1. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：举Augustenborg Botanical Garden的例子，作者是想要解释。

根据第一段倒数两句可知，作者举这个例子主要是想说什么是绿色房顶。故选B。

2. D【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第三段的划线单词“moderate”最接近的意思是。根据第三

段第二句“They also help to moderate the city temperature.”以及第三段段意，可知此处是指对气温的调控或者控制。故选D。

3. A【解析】句子还原题。题干意为：下面哪一个句子最适合填在第4段的空白处根据第四段内容，绿

色房顶可以收集雨水，保护排水系统，并且小动物和鸟儿们还可以在这里安家，因此这是一个有生机的房顶。故选A。

4. D【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：文章的主要目的是。通读文章，全文主要讲了绿色房顶有什

么优势。故选D。

Passage 6

【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章开头告诉我们，美国政府以华为泄密为由禁止其在美国销售，同时也计划停止向华为出售零部件和服务。正文部分通过华为总裁任正非的采访表明，美国的一系列制裁行为是无理的，同时华为也准备好了一系列的应对措施。最后，文章叙述了近几个月华为所取得的成就。

1. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：哪家公司是世界上最大的5G供应商根据第一段第一句“In 1987,

a small company named Huawei was started in Shenzhen.”及最后一句“It has also become the

world's largest supplier(供应商)of 5G.”可知，华为已经成为世界上最大的5G供应商。故选C。

2. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么美国下令禁止华为在美销售根据第二段第二、三句“The U．S.

government ordered a ban(禁令)on its sales in America. American officials said Huawei gave information that it collected to the Chinese government.”可知，美国之所以禁止华为在美国销售是因为美国认为华为在美帮助中国政府收集信息。故选D。

3. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从任正非的话中，我们可以了解到华为。根据第三段第一句

中的“We have never received s uch a request from Chinese government and we have never tried to get into other system to collect information.”可知，B、D选项不正确。根据第三段第二、三句中的“The ban from the U．S. would have little effect on our company. Huawei has enough ability to deal with the problems.”可知，A选项错误，C选项正确。故选C。

4. A【解析】句意猜测题。题干意为：第四段中划线句子意思是。根据第四段任正非的回答“I started

Huawei with only￡4，000 at the beginning, but now it has become a $100 billion company.

The experience was not as romantic (浪漫的)as you imagine.”可知，华为的发展并不容易。故选A。

5. B【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：作者在最后一段想说什么文章最后一段主要告诉我们，在美国制

裁后，华为并没有受到很大的影响，相反在一定程度上还取得了更好的销售成绩。且华为的电信设备供应已经遍及了世界上很多个国家和地区。所以华为未来的前景是非常可观的。故选B。

Passage 7

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了为了满足就业市场对熟练工人和技术人员的需求，政府鼓励高中毕业生和未经专门培训的劳动者到高职院校学习，同时也宣布了发展现代职业教育的计划。

1. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：中国发展现代职业教育的主要目的是什么根据文章第二段第一句

“Premier Li Keqiang said the government should speed up the development of modern vocational education to meet the need for skilled workers and technicians(技术人员) in the job market.”

可知，中国发展职业教育的主要目的是满足就业市场对熟练工人和技术人员的需求。故选A。

2. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，中国职业教育的问题之一是什么根据第三段倒数第二

句“In some vocational colleges, the education methods and courses cannot meet the need of upgrading(升级) manufacturing(制造业)．”可知，一些职业院校的教育方法和课程无法满足制造业升级的需要。故选C。

3. A 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：作者认为中国未来的职业教育是。根据文章第一段“Th ere

is good news...to develop modern vocational education.”以及文章最后一段最后一句“With the rising of the skilled workers' social position and ... development of China.”可以推断出作者认为中国未来的职业教育是有希望的。故选A。

Passage 8

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。由于美国对中国的关税政策，加利福尼亚的大蒜销售增长。美国的关税政策不仅损害了美国的经济，美国政府也将失去世界上其他国家的信任。

1. D【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从这篇文章中我们推断出。A项：美国从中国买的大蒜和之前

一样多。此项文中未提及；B项：美国种植大豆的农民和之前赚钱一样多。此项文中未提及；C项：中国和之前一样，仍然从美国买同样多的农作物。根据第四段最后一句可知此项错误；D项：加利福尼亚的大蒜种植者比之前赚了更多的钱。由第三段最后一句话的句意“在一个完美的世界，我们(美国大蒜种植者)乐意看到对中国的关税”，可以推断此项正确。故选D。

2. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么今年美国从中国购买更少的大蒜根据第二段可知是由于美

国关税的提高所以本地大蒜销售增加。故选B。

3. C【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：最后一段划线单词“it”指的是什么根据原句句意“事实上，中

美贸易战是美国霸权的标志，它将摧毁美国经济，美国政府将失去世界各国的信任。”由句意推测可知，“it”指的是霸权。故选C。

4. A【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：美国政府在2019年5月9日对中国大蒜的关税增长了多少由第四

段第一句在2019年5月9日，对中国大蒜的关税从10%增加到了25%，可知增加了15%。25－10＝15。

故选A。

5. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，谁不同意美国对中国产品征收关税的政策根据文章最

后一段第四句McCormick的CEO劳伦斯告诉路透社，没有中国大蒜，美国就不能前进。可知Lawrence不支持这项政策。故选D。

Passage 9

【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。介绍了在世界各地，成千上万的动物被用于野生动物旅游业。文中从正反两个角度阐述了对于野生动物旅游业的看法。

1. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据WAP的统计，有多少野生动物正面临着恶劣的待遇根据文章第

一段第四句“The World Animal Protection(WAP)says that up to 550，000 wild animals are exposed (暴露) to ill treatment around the world...”可知，世界动物保护组织(WAP)表示，全世界有多达55万只野生动物受到虐待。故选D。

2. D【解析】词语指代题。题干意为：划线词组“such places”指的是的地方。根据下文“However,

some people argue that animal tourism isn't always as bad as it seems.”可知，指的是动物旅游业的地方。故选D。

3. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这两个组有什么共同观点通读正反双方的观点可知，都提到了保

护动物。故选B。

4. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：“同意”组建议人们不应该打扰动物。根据“Group Yes”

中“There's no need to disturb(打扰) them in real life.”可知，在现实生活中没有必要打扰它们(动物)。故选C。

5. B【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要关于什么通过阅读全文可知是阐述人们在动物旅游

业方面不同的意见。故选B。

Passage 10

【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍了英国现在野生植物、动物减少，有的人提议采取措施推进英国野外化，但是有的人反对这一提议，因为他们担心野生动物会袭击人类。

1. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：数千年前，英国的人口有多少根据第一段第一句可知本段介绍数

千年前英国的状况，根据第一段倒数第二句“There were less than four million people.”可知人口不到四百万。故选D。

2. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么在英国的田野里，鸟类和小动物越来越少根据第二段第四

句“Although 25 percent of land is countryside, new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before.”可知是新型的务农方式导致田野里的鸟类和小动物越来越少。故选D。

3. C【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：哪一段列出了支持“rewilding”的人的意见根据第三段内容及最

后一句“The y call this‘rewilding’．”可知答案。故选C。

4. C【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：一部分人反对什么根据最后一段第一句“Not everyone agrees.”

及第三、四句“Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even humans. They are also angry that...”可知有的人担心狼会袭击绵羊或人类，由此可推知一部分人反对帮助大型野生动物回归。故选C。

5. A【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章的最佳标题是什么通读全文可知本文主要介绍了英国现

在野生植物、动物减少，有的人提议采取措施推进英国野外化，但是有的人反对这一提议。结合选项可知A项可以概括全文内容。故选A。

Passage 11

【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章针对“博物馆应该对公众免费开放还是收费”这一话题展开讨论，并展示了五位读者的观点。

1. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：有多少读者支持免费博物馆的想法根据五位读者的观点可知，第

1、3、5位受访者支持博物馆应该免费向公众开放。故选B。

2. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：谁建议博物馆应该定期举行特别的活动来筹集资金根据文章最后

一段最后一句“I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize moneyraising events...”可知Li Mishao认为博物馆应该通过举办集资活动来维持日常运营。故选D。

3. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么Fred Smith认为应该向高分学生派发免费票根据题干Fred

Smith可知答案在第二个受访者的观点中，Fred Smith认为博物馆应该向高分学生派发免费票因为他们对艺术有着更好的鉴赏能力。故选D。

4. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Amber White同意下列哪个观点根据文章倒数第二段第三句“But

companies and businessmen should als o provide museums with more money and other support.”

可知Amber White认为企业和商人有责任为博物馆的运营提供资金和帮助。故选A。

5. C【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：我们可以了解关于这个网站的什么根据网站名称

“Youth News”以及五位评论者的年龄可以推断出浏览此网站的一般是年轻的读者。故选C。

Passage 12

【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要给出了两种关于粉色对女孩的影响的不同观点。

1. B 【解析】文章结构题。题干意为：下面哪个选项最好地展示了这篇文章的结构通读文章可知第一段

为总起段，介绍商场里女孩的玩具总是粉色的，男孩的总是深色的，甚至商场的玩具区专门给女孩设计粉色地板，男孩蓝色地板。第二、三两段都是介绍父母的担忧——担心太多的粉色会影响女孩的选择和性格。最后一段话锋一转，不是每个家长都觉得粉色存在问题。因此本文的结构应该是B。

2. B【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：第三段中的划线单词“that”指。根据第三段第四句“Blue

says that you are strong and powerful.”可知这位妈妈认为蓝色意味着坚强有力，她希望女儿也坚强有力，担心粉色不会帮助女儿成为那样的人。故选B。

3. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据格雷森·特纳，。根据第四段第三句至第六句“‘People

forget that things change all the time ...This love of pink is just a fashion and all fashions change...' ”可知这位父亲觉得家长无需为粉色玩具担心，他以自己的女儿为例告诉大家人是会变的，时尚也会变。故选A。

4. D 【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章的目的是。通读全文可知本文只是给出了关于粉色

对于女孩的影响的两种观点，并没有给出一个结论。故选D。

Passage 13

【主旨大意】本文是一篇图表说明文。主要介绍了四个同学关于生活的四个不同的观点：废纸回收、跑步锻炼、保持冷静及保护老虎。

1. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：迈克·艾萨克和作者参观阳光小学是为了什么根据文章第一段第

二句“For the topics of our newspaper next month, we visited Sunshine Elementary School on May 10.”可知，他们参观阳光小学是为了下个月的报纸主题。故选D。

2. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在安德鲁·瓦加斯看来，什么会导致人们互相发火根据左下角圆

圈中的第二句“When people are loud, it causes them to be mad at one another.”可知，当人们大声喧哗的时候，这会使他们互相发火。故选B。

3. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：谁谈论了健康根据右上角圆圈中的内容可知，Jayden Mitchell

鼓励大家多锻炼，因为锻炼对身体有好处。故选B。

Passage 14

【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Soechting致力于保护野生动物的故事。