新东方名师教你对付2011年考研英语写作技巧作者

新东方名师教你对付2011年考研英语写作技巧作者
新东方名师教你对付2011年考研英语写作技巧作者

名师教你对付2011年考研英语写作技巧作者:福州新东方编辑来源:福州新东方

时间:2010-10-15 关键词:考研点击:18 2011年考研英语大纲出炉了,仔细对

照与分析,就会发现与去年的无大区别。在写作要求上,还是分有大小作文两项。其实,这样的分类是出于文章的文体和篇幅长短不同而设计出来的。它们包含了天下所有文章的类型,所以现在不可能有变化,以后也不会有变化。要有变化,就是取消某项或全部取消,或字数要求有所变化。

学会如何写各类文章,以及掌握考试技巧,以不变应万变,才是对付研究生英语复习与考试更根本的决策。

对付小作文的不变妙招

1. 了解哪些内容可能用到应用文。

可能用的应用文的有:信件、通知、邀请、致谢、答复、询问、申请、应聘、推荐、慰问、请假等。以上的分类也只能说是大概,因为有的时候,有的内容是交叉的。例如,用信的形式请假或慰问。

2. 掌握各种应用文的格式。

虽然应用文因内容不同,在格式上有所不同,但最基本的形式是信件格式所以,掌握信件格式是尤为重要的。

传统信件格式是:

在第一行的右边写上日期,第二行的左边写上Dear某某某,第三行开始是信的内容。内容结束后,另起一之两行,在右下方写上sincerely yours,yours sincerely这样的话语,再下一行写上自己的名字。请看下面的图示:

August 1, 2011

Dear Sir,

Sincerely yours,

Li Ming

这种格式在当今的现实当中,特别是在email当中,内容也可以顶头写,包括sincerely yours和名字,但不同内容之间是要隔上一行的。信的内容中,如果有两

段以上,也要隔行。

注意事项:

(1)如果月在前,是美国写法;如果日在前,是英国写法。建议采用美国写法

。因为英国人要用的话,喜欢采用01/08/2011。月名不要采用简写形式,用全拼法

。年后面不要加逗号或句号,甚至随意落笔一点。

(2)月与日之间没有逗号。

(3)Dear某某某之后,要用逗号,不用冒号。

(4)sincerely那行后面也是,只能用逗号。如果采用顶头写的方式,一般

dear行和sincerely行后面的逗号都需要去掉。由于考试卷子空间有限,建议还是采

用传统的写法。

(5)落款后面没有标点。

(6)信通常分为公函和私信。私信的语言可以随便,但公函则要正规。作为考

试项目,当然以公函形式为多,所以语言尽量正规,不要用缩写(除了Mr和Mrs之外)。不要用口语。如果你分不清口语与书面语之间的差异的话,就采用语法完整的

句子。

3. 掌握各种应用文一定的套话。由于设计到的内容较多,所以在此省略列举。

对付大作文的不变妙招

1. 备考期间,最好以过去的全真试题为复习媒介。这样做不仅仅能够帮助考生

了解和把握英语考试的水准,而且还能为写作提供优秀的范文以及优美的句式。虽

然不是每篇文章都有非常清晰的结构,也不是每篇文章的主题都能够利用,但是如果考生在复习的过程当中,多一份心眼,善于去找出这样的文章,并能认真地去研读它们,你就会发现你在不知不觉的状态中,逐步养成建构文章结构的习惯,并知道别人是如何展开他们的思路的。再者,如果你能遇到可用的主题,就必须对它们给予足够的重视,划下并背诵这些可能用到的句子和表达方法。考试犹如放闸,而平时这样的训练和积累,就犹如在放闸前为水池积水。水积多了,放闸的时候,水源自然充分,水泄的力量自然就会大。

2. 同样,在考试的过程当中,我们也可以善于利用其他项目中的新文章。比如说,尽管阅读里的文章考的是考生的阅读水平,但如果你能巧妙地利用它们,你就会发现,你不但可能找到适合的美词妙语,而且还能开拓你的思路。具体的做法是:当你做阅读理解的时候,在大脑里对写作的思考不要完全放弃,一定存一份心,看看文章里有没有你需要的资源。当然,要做到这点,首先要把作文题目看看,并记住。这样,在阅读文章的时候,才能判断出哪些句子和内容你可以借鉴。

3. 不要用大家都很熟悉的套路和套话。阅卷老师对这些句式早已审美疲劳了。也就是说,这样的文章,虽然没有多少语法错误,但由于字数和空间被不痛不痒的话语所占领,真正对题的内容是不可能写出多少的,这样,自然也就不会得到高分。相反,使用别人不会的,甚至使用你刚刚从阅读、7选5或翻译里借用来的,并稍稍加以改造过的句子、短语和表达方式,要比用模板和套句更能引起阅卷老师的眼球。

4. 不要自作聪明地把试卷前面的内容整段地抄录下来当作自己写的作文来糊弄阅卷老师。有的考生只是更加“精明”一些,他们把放之四海而皆准的套句作为每段的第一句,然后抄录其他项目里的文章来欺骗阅卷老师。这样做,可以说,不但

蒙骗不了阅卷老师;相反,一但阅卷老师看出来了,则立即以零分论处。所以,建

议考生脚踏实地地写上几句,这样反而能够得到几分。

5. 由于现在的考试仍然采用三段式写作方式,所以,你只是需要把每一段当作一个单独体去对待就可以了(当然,第一段和第二段的最后一句,最好看看是否需

要加上一句承上启下的句子)。做法很简单,把该段的主题句写出来,然后对这个

观点进行论述,举例子,最后得出结论。在论述的时候,很多考生觉得打不开思路

,不知如何去写。有两个技巧在此提供给考生参考:第一是,当你思路堵塞的时候

,用what,how,why,who,when,where来问问自己,这样你会觉得有话要说了。第二是,用定义、举例、对比、对照等这样的写作手段来把文章展开。

6. 字要认真地写。先想后写,想好了再写,不要一落笔就改。任何形式的涂改,例如画圈圈、画横杆,甚至用涂改液、橡皮、胶带都会影响卷面的整洁和清晰度

。虽然国家给的评分标准中没有卷面分的说法,但卷面的涂涂改改不但会影响阅读

老师的心情,影响他/她对你的正确判断,而且从另外一个方面也确实能说明你的思路很紊乱,或语言表达能力不够。如果一个人被判断为思路紊乱或语言表达能力不行,他/她怎么能得到高分呢?

7. 作文书写的地方是一个整张的页面,你最好把它全部用掉,不留空行。这样做仅仅可以表明你说了很多话,而且从视觉效果方面而言,也是很受用的。有一个

很奇怪,也很有趣的现象,那就是:一页纸面占用了多少基本上与国家的评分档次

相对应。

8. 如果你能找到高手或老师能帮助你改作文,那就收效很大。只练没有人帮你改,意思不是很大。

9. 以上的几点只能算是建议,而最后一点则是考生要做到的根本,这就是要了

解阅卷老师在阅卷时候的心理历程:是否走题——层次是否清晰——语法有无错误或多少——句子表达是否丰富多变。总之,最后一点是考生最最需要了解并努力做到的。

2011年考研英语二真题答案与解析

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