动词不定式作宾语及双宾语结构解析【含答案】

动词不定式作宾语及双宾语结构解析【含答案】
动词不定式作宾语及双宾语结构解析【含答案】

动词不定式作宾语及双宾语结构解析

1. 我们经常需要表达“同意做某事” 或“决定做某事”等句子,这种一个句子连续出现两个动词的情况下,我们要用到动词不定式作宾语,即agree / decide to do sth.。初中阶段我们常见后接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:plan,decide,want, agree, try, wait, wish, hope等。例如:

I want to talk to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。

2. 双宾语就是有些动词后面跟直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物,间接宾语是指动词所涉及的人。例如:

They gave him a watch. 他们给了他一块手表。

这里的him是间接宾语,a watch是直接宾语,间接宾语和直接宾语同时出现时叫双宾语。

英语中,有许多及物动词后面能跟双宾语,如:give, bring, lend, pass, send, show, leave, buy, tell, teach, sell, write, buy, sing等。例如:

He teaches us English. 他教我们英语。

The old man told us a story yesterday.

那位老人昨天给我们讲了一个故事。

★注意:“及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”的结构一般可以改写为“及物动词+直接宾语+for / to sb.”的结构。例如:

She bought me some presents.

=She bought some presents for me.

她给我买了一些礼物。

Please show me your new book.

=Please show your new book to me.

请给我看看你的新书。

【跟踪练习】同义句改写,每空一词。

1. I hope I can get higher marks next time.

I hope_______________ higher marks next time.

2. He makes a plan to do some sightseeing this summer holiday.

He _____________________ do some sightseeing this summer holiday.

3. You must bring me your homework tomorrow.

You must____________ your homework _____________ me tomorrow.

4. Please get me something to drink.

Please ____________ something ________________ me to drink.

5. She taught some new songs to us yesterday.

She _______________________ some new songs yesterday.

Key:

1. to get

2. plans to

3. bring; to

4. get; for

5. taught us

动词不定式作宾语及双宾语结构解析【含答案】

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动词不定式归纳(含练习及答案)复习进程

动词不定式归纳(含练 习及答案)

动词不定式归纳 定义:不定式的to和介词to需要被区分开,不定式的to后接动词原形,介词to后接名词、代词或动名词。 不定式作动词宾语 He decided to invite all of his classmates to attend the holiday at the beach. 不定式作宾语 He promised not to tell anyone about it. 如果宾语有自己的补语,则常用it作形式宾语,而把真正作宾语的不定式放在后面放在后面,常带有形式宾语的动词有:believe. Consider. Feel. Find. Know. Make . regard 例: we think it important to obey the laws. √ we think to obey the laws is important. × I know it impossible to finish so much homework in a day. 不定式作介词宾语 当介词but、except、besides前面有行为动词do及其各种形式时,介词后面的不定式可以省略to,否则不省略。 What do you like to do besides play football? We have no choice but to wait. 个别介词可以用“疑问词+不定式”作宾语 The boy has him own idea of how to finish it. 不定式起形容词作用作定语 不定式作定语用来修饰名词或代词,置于它所修饰的词后,而且放在其他后置定语的后面。同时与它所修饰的名词或代词形成逻辑上的动宾关系或主谓关系。 He always has a lot of meetings to attend. 不定式to attend 和名词meetings 形成动宾关系 The next train to arrive was from Seattle. To arrive 和train形成主谓关系 Do you have anything interesting to read? 如果作定语用的不定式是不及物动词,就要加上介词,使被修饰的这个词成为这个介词的逻辑宾语。 He is looking for a room to live in. to live in a room. A room 是介词in的宾语。 Please pass me some paper to write on. 上述不定式后加介词时,一般不能省略介词,但当修饰place,time,way时,介词可以省略。 He has no money and no place to live (in). The time to arrive is 8 o’clock. (at) I think the best way to travel is on foot. 不定式作定语时,用主动语态表示被动含义的情形 一、在某些固定句型中, 动词不定式作定语, 用主动形式表被动意义。 1)have(give, show)sth. to do 在这种句型中的不定式与前边的名词有动宾关系, 又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系。例如: I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. to do与things是动宾关系, 与I是主谓关系。否则, 在表示被动意义时, 仍需要被动式。试比较: Have you anything to do this afternoon? 今天下午你有事要做吗?(to do是由you发出的) Have you anything to be taken to your parents? 你有要带给你父母的东西吗? (谁带不得而知)再如: Please get me something to read. 请给我弄点读的材料。He'll show you the right path to take. 2)It(This, That)+be+a/an+adj. + n. +to do 在这种句型中, 不定式与前面的名词有动宾关系。动词不定式可改为动词不定式复合结构。例如: This is a difficult question to answer. 这是个难答的问题。question与to answer为动宾关系。to answer 可改为 for me to answer。 再如: It is an easy sentence to translate. 这个句子很容易翻译。

动词不定式作宾语

动词不定式作宾语 ★动词不定式就是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不就是介词,而就是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称与数的变化。动词不定式与其后面的名词等构成动词不定式短语,在句子中可以作主语、表语、补足语、定语、状语等。今天我们重点学习后接动词不定式作宾语的常见动词。 1.动词+ 不定式 Want hope decide agree choose would like plan fail 上列动词只能用动词不定式作宾语 举例: The driver failed to see the other car in time、 司机没能及时瞧见另一辆车。 I happen to know the answer to your question、 我碰巧知道您那道问题的答案。 I decided to go to the countryside on vacation、 我决定去农村度假。 2.动词+疑问词+不定式 Know ask show teach think guess find out understand 上列动词或短语后可用疑问词加动词不定式短语结构 举例: Please teach me how to play the piano、 请教我怎么弹钢琴。 I must think what to do next、 我必须考虑下一步做什么。 3.动词+不定式∕动名词 Like love begin start 上列动词后既可以接动词不定式也可以接动名词形式,意义上差别不大 举例: I like singing, but I don’t like to sing now、 我喜欢唱歌,但就是我现在不想唱歌。 Stop forget remember try

既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词

既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词 一、后接不定式或动名词且含义相同的动词 这类动词常见的有:like 喜欢 / love 喜欢 / hate 憎恨 / prefer 宁可 / b egin 开始 / start 开始 / continue 继续/ can’t bear 不能忍受 / bother 麻烦 / intend 想要 / attempt 试图 / cease 停止,等。如: He likes travelling [to travel] alone. 他喜欢单独旅行。 He began doing [to do] this job last year. 他去年开始做这工作。 Don’t bother to get [getting]dinner for me. 请不必费事为我做饭了。 注意:当 like, love, hate, prefer 与 would, should 连用时,其后只能接不定式。如: I’d like to drop in and see you tonight. 我想今晚来看你。 另外,当 begin, start 本身为进行时态或后接 know, realize, understa nd 等静态动词时,其后的动词只能用不定式。如: He is beginning to work in that company. 他即将开始去那个公司工作。 After the talk with his English teacher, he began to like English. 跟英语老师谈话之后,他开始喜欢英语了。 二、forget, remember, regret 后接不定式或动名词含义不同 动词 forget, remember, regret 等接不定式时,表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之后;接动名词作宾语时,表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之前。如: I forgot to tell you about it. 我忘记告诉你那件事了。 I remembered giving the book to Li Lei, but he said I didn’t. 我记得我把书给李蕾了,但是他说我没有给。

动词不定式1与双宾语

动词不定式 当我们要表达“想要做某事、需要做某事或决定做某事”时,就会出现两个动词连用的情况,这时我们用want to do sth., need to do sth.和decide to do sth.等表达方式。行为动词后面的动词都采用了”to+动词原形”的结构,这种结构称为不定式(有时可以不带to)。动词不定式既有动词的性质,又有名词的性质。它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能独立作谓语。 一、不定式结构 1. 带to的不定式结构 能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有:want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。如: I want to go to the movies with you.我想跟你一起去看电影。 Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave.在你离开之前别忘了关灯。 注意:动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即not to do sth.。 Dave told me not to wake up Kate.大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。 2. 不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式: ①在固定词组had better之后。注意:had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。You had better go home now.你最好现在回家。 It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out.外面很冷,你最好不要出去。 ②在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后,要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 I made them give me the money back.我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see you come in.我没看见你进来。 ③在引导疑问句的why not之后。Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省略,可以用来提出建议或劝告。 Why not study with us?为什么不和我们一起学呢? Why not take a holiday?=Why don’t you take a holiday?为什么不休个假呢? ④不定式动词在介词but, except, besides后面时,如这些介词前有实义动词do的各种形式,则后接不带to的不定式,否则带to。 I have no choice but to accept the fact.除了接受这个事实我别无选择。 What do you like to do besides swim? 除了游泳你还喜欢做什么? ⑤为了避免重复,不定式可省去to。 I’m really puzzled what to think or say.对于想什么或说什么,我真的很困惑。 二、动词不定式的语法作用 动词不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语、同位语等。动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即not to do sth.。 那么英语中的动词不定式都可以表示什么意思呢?有什么样的语法功能呢? 1. 动词不定式在句子中作主语。

动词不定式作宾语

一)动词不定式作宾语 动词不定式作宾语,表明意图,希望或决定的容。 1.有些及物动词如afford,need,agree,ask,decide,choose,hope,offer,plan,hate,refuse等用不定式做宾语,结构为“动词+不定式”。 He offered to help me.他表示愿意帮助我。He decided to buy a new car. 他决定买辆新车。 2.有些动词如ask,help,like,love,need,prefer,want,choose等除了可以用不定式作宾语,还可以用不定式作补语,即:动词+宾语+不定式。I like you to keep everything tidy.我喜欢你使每件东西都保持整洁。 3.有些动词或动词词组如decide, know, show ,tell, forget, remember, learn ,find out 等可以用“疑问词加不定式”结构作宾语。 Please show us how to do that.请演示给我们如何去做。 They haven’t decided whether to accept the invitation.他们还没有决定是否接受邀请。 4.find/feel/think+it+adj./n.+to do sth.句型中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。 The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep.楼下的人发觉难以入睡。 I feel it my duty to help them.我感到帮助他们是我的责任。 5.动词forget,remember,stop,go on等之后接V-ing 形式和不定式作宾语意义差别较大。 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事 remember to do sth. 记住去做某事 remember doing sth.记得做过某事 forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记已做了某事 (二)双宾语 当动词有两个宾语时,一般结构是:动词+人+物,我们把这种结构称作双宾语。其中人被称做间接宾语,物被称作直接宾语。 He give her some money.= He give some money to her. My parents bought me a computer.=My parents bought a computer for me. 3.动词跟双宾语,间接宾语改为由介词to 或for引起的短语时,用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人。由to引出间接宾语的动词有:bring,give,show,pass,lend,take,tell,hand,offer,pay等。用for引出间接宾语的动词有:buy, make, cook, get, sing, read, choose, draw, find, get 等 He shows a picture to me.他向我展示了一幅图画。 She made a beautiful dress for me.她为我做了一件漂亮的衣服。

不定式、动名词作宾语的英语动词词组

不定式、动名词作宾语的英语动词词组:英语单词搭配语法 1. 用不定式和动名词做宾语,含义基本相同的动词有: begin,start,continue,cannot bear,hate,like,love,prefer,propose,regret. 例如: to begin writing(to write) to start reading(to read) to prefer watching(to watch) television to love playing(to play) football 对上述动词的应用注意以下三点: (1) 在like,hate,prefer等表示情感的动词后面,如果表示一般倾向,多用动名词做宾语,如果指具体某次行动,用不定式更多。例如: I hate speaking before a big audience. I like reading books. I'd like to read that book. (2) 当谓语动词用进行时时,用不定式作宾语.例如: I am starting to work on my essay next week. (3) 在attempt,intend,plan等动词后面用不定式较普遍.例如: to attempt to do it by youself to intend to pay the bill this month to plan to take a holiday abroad 2. 用不定式作宾语与用名词做宾语,含义有差别的动词 (1) 动词remember,forget,regret的后面,若用不定式作宾语,不定式所表示的动作发生在上述谓语动词之后,若用动名词做宾语,动名词所表示的动作发生在上述谓语动词之前.例如: "remember +不定式" 表示"记住要去做某一件事" "remmember +动名词或不定式的完成形式" 表示"记住过去做过的一件事". You must remember to write us when you get there. 到那时记住给我们写信. Do you remember writing her last month? 你还记得上个月给她写信的事吗? "forger +不定式" 表示"忘记要做某件事" "forger +动名词" 表示"忘记过去做过的一件事" Don't forger to meet him when you get there. 别忘了到了那里去会见他. I shall never forget meeting him during his inspection of our factory. 我将不会忘记,在他视察我们厂时,我见到了他. "regret +不定式" 表示"对尚未做,或正在做的事情的遗憾" "regret +动名词" 表示"对过去做过的事情的遗憾"

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