英译汉-文体翻译(1)新闻
第六单元文体翻译
第一节新闻报道
一、新闻翻译的特点
1、翻译讲求实效
2、可以适当增减
?翻译：遵循翻译标准进行全文翻译。
?编译：紧扣原作主题思想，从原作选取最有价值的内容，遵循篇章构建的一般规律，基本按照原作的时间先后顺序和逻辑关系组织行文，再按照翻译的一般原则，将其译成目的语的过程。（王涛2004）
?摘译：摘取一些认为重要的或者说传达了重要信息的段落和内容。（俞建村2001）（注意：必须完整地翻译抽取的内容。）
?参见教材第十章“翻译的类型” p135.
3、符合写作要求
（1）手法：
?以尽可能有趣的方式将一定事实展现出来。
（2）结构：
?编年史法（chronological method ）：
依照事实发生先后按时间顺序叙述。
?新闻导语法（news lead method ）：
依照事实的重要性来铺陈、排列事实。
（3）语言：
?具体、准确、简明、通俗、生动。
4、内容力求准确
二、新闻的翻译
?标题的翻译
?电头的翻译
?导语的翻译
?正文的翻译
?了解背景知识
例：
US Missile Targets Iraqi Radar Site
W ASHINGTON: A United States Air Force F-16 fighter plane fired a missile at an Iraqi radar site after the jet was tracked electronically while in the “no-fly” zone over southern Iraq, the Pentagon said yesterday.
But the White House, explaining a long delay in announcing the strike, said it was unclear whether Iraqi radar has “locked on” to the plane on Saturday.
A Pentagon spokesman said the F-16 returned safely to its base in Saudi Arabia. It was not immediately known if the Iraqi site was damaged. The spokesman, confirming the strike about 18 hours after it occurred, said an investigation was under way. Iraq denied any such incident had taken place.
美导弹击中伊拉克雷达基地
华盛顿电：五角大楼昨日宣称：一架美空军F－16战斗机在伊拉克南部禁飞区被电子跟踪后，向伊一雷达基地发射了导弹。
但是白宫在解释拖延很久才公布这次打击行动的原因时称：星期六时尚不清楚伊雷达是否已“锁定”了这架飞机。
五角大楼的一位发言人说，该F—16战斗机已安全返回设在沙特阿拉伯的基地，伊雷
达站是否被摧毁尚无法立刻得知。该发言人在这次打击行动发生18小时后证实了此事，并说正在进行调查。伊拉克却否认有此事件发生。
1、标题的翻译
?特点：
简明扼要，立意新颖，生动醒目而又不拘一格。
例：Boy, 7, killed by ejection from cockpit of navy jet
PLO says big Israeli drive ahead
Irish demo clash
START announced to begin June 29
（1）缩略词语
?缩写词
例1：NPC
CPPCC
OPEC
UNESCO
例2：VIP
CEO
PM
MP
例3：PC
UFO
TB
DJI
缩略词主要包括机构名称、人物或职位名称和日常熟知的事物。
?简缩词
例1：copter
flu
lib
telly
biz
例2：ecopolitics
Reaganomics
例3：Brez
Maggie
（2）简短表达
例1：Cops under fire
Population shock
Starvation
例2：the 43-year Arab-Israeli conflict
the President’s cease-fire announcement
farm product
例3. Nuke protestors
Police killer’s jail death not unexpected
（3）“时髦”新词
例：moon walk
earth rise
capitalese
containerization
catch
feed
machine
shuttle diplomacy
a “yesable” proposition
（4）省略现象
例1：Patient loses heart, gets 3rd
例2：Bankers keep silent as dollar falls
例3：Economists told China’s program unchanged
例4：Anne and baby are well
（5）时态
例1：Mount. St. Helens erupts
Non-aligned body makes new effort
例2：Thatcher tells why she fired minister
Nehru backed Tibet uprising—rebel chief
例3：Opposition to Viet invasion force growing
India mending fences
例4：Australia to import diesels from China
Pope to visit Japan in February
2、电头
?电头，又叫做?°消息头?±?a?a指电讯稿件播发的新闻单位、地点、时间的说明，也有只说明新闻单位和时间。稿件用?°电报电传电话?±等方式发往外地称?°电?±，发给当地的称?°讯?±。
?新闻通讯社的稿件常常以?°××社××地×月×日电?±作为电头。?°本报讯?±?°本台讯?±则是为了表明这篇稿件是自己的记者或者通讯员的作品，如果是外埠采访也必须注明发稿的地点时间，可以写成本台××地×月×日专电。
?熟悉主要通讯社和媒体的名称、简称等。
例：AP
UPI
Reuters
AFP
Xinhua
Chinanews
Kyodo
Efe
3、导语
?新闻导语——是就以简要的文句，突出最重要、最新鲜或最富有个性特点的事实，提示新闻要旨，吸引读者阅读全文的消息的开头部分。
?翻译导语时要使用清晰、简洁、生动的词语突出主要信息。
例1. Beijng, August 19（Reuter) –The president’s visit has turned a new page in relation between the two countries，mass media here say.
译：路透社北京8月19日电，此间新闻界认为，总统此次来访为两国关系揭开了新的一页。
例2. London, Oct 20（Reuter via Xinhua)—London market closed mixed on profit taking after a higher opening in fairly active trading, it was announced herel.
译：新华社转引路透社10月20日电，此间人士称，伦敦股市开市时股价上扬，交易相当活跃。由于一些持股者获利后抛盘，收盘时有涨有跌。
4、正文
（1）形象化、口语化词汇
例1：Pioneer colleges face axe
Chun axes 37 judges in shake-up
Ex-leader uses blog to needle Malaysian government
British students knifed in France
China says “yes” to talks with Moscow
（2）抽象化词汇
例1：Penal experts say studies have shown that imprisonment is not a deterrent to crime.
例2：The mechanics of this indoctrination are familiar to everyone—the Pledge of Allegiance, the National Anthem, the Solute to the Flag.
例3：A lot of Diana’s appeal comes from her stunning physical presence.
例4：Alternatives are available at every stage of the judicial process from arrest to sentencing.
（3）词语借代
例: French election results annoy Moscow
Talks on Africa at No. 10
$227 billion tax on crude oil is cleared by Hill
（4）结构松散
例1：Mr. Carter said that the Soviet leader’s response to the message, sent on Friday, had been inadequate.
译文：卡特先生说，苏联领导人对（美国）星期五发出的电报的回复，不足以说明问题。
例2：The announcement on the failure of the mission, which apparently originated in Egypt, come form the White House spokesman Jody Powell expressed deep regret at the deaths of the American Forces involved.
译文：白宫发言人佐迪·鲍威尔宣布拯救行动失败，对参加此役的美国部队的死亡事故深表遗憾；而这次拯救行动显然是从埃及出发的。
练习
Kan inspects quake-hit region
Prime Minister Naoto Kan has visited an emergency-stricken nuclear power plant in Fukushima Prefecture and inspected the quake-hit Pacific coast, northeastern Japan.
Kan left Tokyo on a Self-Defense Force helicopter on Saturday morning for the Fukushima No.1 nuclear plant.
The head of the plant, which is operated by Tokyo Electric Power Company, briefed the prime minister on the current status of the plant and responses to the situation.
Kan instructed the plant chief to place top priority on the safety of local residents and take proper and swift responses.
Later by helicopter, Kan inspected the quake-battered coastal areas, including the cities of Sendai and Ishinomaki in Miyagi Prefecture. He watched a blazing industrial complex and residential
districts devastated by tsunami waves.
On returning to his official residence in Tokyo, the prime minister told reporters that he felt the damage wrought by the tsunamis is very serious.
参考译文
菅直人今早视察灾区
日本首相菅直人亲自前往已宣布实施“紧急状态”的福岛第一核电站，同时还视察了东北部沿海的地震灾区。
今天（周六）早晨，菅直人乘坐自卫队直升机出发前往东京电力公司福岛第一核电站视察。
核电站负责人就设施状况、恢复措施等做出了说明，在听取汇报之后，菅直人首相表示，要以周围居民的安危为重，希望尽快落实应对措施。
随后，菅直人首相还从空中视察了宫城县仙台市、石卷市等遭受海啸侵袭的沿岸地区，亲眼目睹了正在燃烧的工业园区，以及海啸过后砖瓦散乱，积水不退的居民住宅等。
菅直人首相返回首相官邸后，对记者们表示，他亲身体会到了海啸灾情十分严重。
中文报道
菅直人今早视察灾区
日本首相菅直人今天（12日）亲自要求视察灾区。早上6点，菅直人乘坐自卫队直升机从首相官邸出发，前往已宣布实施“紧急状态”的东京电力福岛第一核电站视察。
核电站负责人就设施状况、恢复措施等做出了说明，在听取汇报之后，菅直人首相表示，要以周围居民的安危为重，希望尽快落实应对措施。
此后，菅直人首相还从空中视察了宫城县仙台市、石卷市等遭受海啸侵袭的沿岸地区，亲眼目睹了正在燃烧的集装箱，以及海啸过后砖瓦散乱，积水不退的居民住宅等。
菅直人首相上午11点前返回首相官邸，他表情严肃地对记者们说，他亲身体会到了海啸灾情十分严重。
2.英文翻译格式和要求
英文 小四号字，单倍行距，首行缩进2个字符，不能定义文档网格。约3千英文单词。 MCU Description SCM is also known as micro-controller (Microcontroller Unit), commonly used letters of the acronym MCU MCU that it was first used in industrial control. Only a single chip by the CPU chip developed from a dedicated processor. The first design is by a large number of peripherals and CPU on a chip in the computer system, smaller, more easily integrated into a complex and demanding on the volume control device which. INTEL's Z80 is the first designed in accordance with this idea processor, then on the development of microcontroller and dedicated processors have parted ways. 一、SCM history SCM was born in the late 20th century, 70, experienced SCM, MCU, SoC three stages. SCM the single chip microcomputer (Single Chip Microcomputer) stage, mainly seeking the best of the best single form of embedded systems architecture. "Innovation model" success, laying the SCM and general computer completely different path of development. In the open road of independent development of embedded systems, Intel Corporation contributed. MCU the micro-controller (Micro Controller Unit) stage, the main direction of technology development: expanding to meet the embedded applications, the target system requirements for the various peripheral circuits and interface circuits, highlight the object of intelligent control.It involves the areas associated with the object system, therefore,the development of MCU's responsibility inevitably falls on electrical, electronics manufacturers. From this point of view, Intel faded MCU development has its objective factors. In the development of MCU, the most famous manufacturers as the number of Philips Corporation. Philips company in embedded applications, its great advantage, the MCS-51 single-chip micro-computer from the rapid development of the micro-controller. Therefore, when we look back at the path of development of embedded systems, do not forget Intel and Philips in History. 二、Embedded Systems Embedded system microcontroller is an independent development path, the MCU important factor in the development stage, is seeking applications to maximize the solution on the chip; Therefore, the development of dedicated single chip SoC trend of the natural form. As the microelectronics, IC design, EDA tools development, application system based on MCU SoC design have greater development. Therefore, the understanding of the microcontroller chip microcomputer can be, extended to the single-chip micro-controller applications. 三、MCU applications SCM now permeate all areas of our lives, which is almost difficult to find traces of the field without SCM. Missile navigation equipment, aircraft, all types of instrument control, computer network communications and data transmission, industrial automation, real-time process control and data processing, extensive use of various smart IC card, civilian luxury car security system, video recorder, camera, fully automatic washing machine control, and program-controlled toys, electronic pet, etc., which are inseparable from the microcontroller. Not to mention the area of robot control, intelligent instruments, medical equipment was. Therefore, the MCU learning, development and application of the large number of computer applications and
英译汉-文体翻译(1)新闻
第六单元文体翻译 第一节新闻报道 一、新闻翻译的特点 1、翻译讲求实效 2、可以适当增减 ?翻译：遵循翻译标准进行全文翻译。 ?编译：紧扣原作主题思想，从原作选取最有价值的内容，遵循篇章构建的一般规律，基本按照原作的时间先后顺序和逻辑关系组织行文，再按照翻译的一般原则，将其译成目的语的过程。（王涛2004） ?摘译：摘取一些认为重要的或者说传达了重要信息的段落和内容。（俞建村2001）（注意：必须完整地翻译抽取的内容。） ?参见教材第十章“翻译的类型” p135. 3、符合写作要求 （1）手法： ?以尽可能有趣的方式将一定事实展现出来。 （2）结构： ?编年史法（chronological method ）： 依照事实发生先后按时间顺序叙述。 ?新闻导语法（news lead method ）： 依照事实的重要性来铺陈、排列事实。 （3）语言： ?具体、准确、简明、通俗、生动。 4、内容力求准确 二、新闻的翻译 ?标题的翻译 ?电头的翻译 ?导语的翻译 ?正文的翻译 ?了解背景知识 例： US Missile Targets Iraqi Radar Site W ASHINGTON: A United States Air Force F-16 fighter plane fired a missile at an Iraqi radar site after the jet was tracked electronically while in the “no-fly” zone over southern Iraq, the Pentagon said yesterday. But the White House, explaining a long delay in announcing the strike, said it was unclear whether Iraqi radar has “locked on” to the plane on Saturday. A Pentagon spokesman said the F-16 returned safely to its base in Saudi Arabia. It was not immediately known if the Iraqi site was damaged. The spokesman, confirming the strike about 18 hours after it occurred, said an investigation was under way. Iraq denied any such incident had taken place. 美导弹击中伊拉克雷达基地 华盛顿电：五角大楼昨日宣称：一架美空军F－16战斗机在伊拉克南部禁飞区被电子跟踪后，向伊一雷达基地发射了导弹。 但是白宫在解释拖延很久才公布这次打击行动的原因时称：星期六时尚不清楚伊雷达是否已“锁定”了这架飞机。 五角大楼的一位发言人说，该F—16战斗机已安全返回设在沙特阿拉伯的基地，伊雷
短文翻译答案版
英译汉短文翻译 1. Job security is extremely hard to come by these days, no matter what profession you choose. It isn't enough to pursue a field with perceived stability, say the experts. You'll want to find something you feel passionate about, can make a living doing and that involves using skills you can easily apply to other fields. 在当前的经济形势下，无论你从事何种职业，就业稳定都很难找到稳定的就业机会。专家们表示，光是追求预计能够带来稳定就业的领域是不够的。你希望追求的方向应该是你所热爱的、能够借以维持生计的职业，并且能够运用到一些你可以轻松转换到其它领域的技能。 2. Love plays a pivotal role on out life. Love makes you feel wanted. Without love a person could go hayward and also become cruel and ferocious. In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who shower us with unconditional love and care, they teach us about what is right and wrong, good and bad. But we always tend to take this for granted. It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands and becomes sensitive to others feelings. Kids make a person responsible and mature and help us to understand life better. 爱在生活之外扮演了一个关键的角色。爱使你想要得到些什么。没有爱，一个人将走向不归路，变得凶暴、残忍。在我们最初的人生道路上，我们的父母给予了我们无条件的关爱，他们教会我们判断正确与错误、好与坏。然而我们常常把这想当然了，只有等到我们结了婚并且有了孩子之后，一个人才会懂得并注意别人的感受。孩子让我们变得富有责任心、变得成熟稳重，并且更好的理解人生 3. When companies have different employees on the same job and one of them is paid differently, many unfairness issues surface. "It can happen in any 'open shop' that differentiates pay for any reason (seniority, performance, etc.)," says Dauphinais. You could run the risk of alienating valued colleagues if they learn you earn more for what they perceive to be the same job. 公司雇佣不同的人员从事同一岗位的工作时，如果其中有个人的薪资不同时，很多不公平的问题就会浮出水面。Dauphinais 说：“这种情况在任何开放行业都有可能发生，因为不同的原因（资历，表现等）员工的薪酬不同”。如果你让同事知道你们在做相同的工作，而你的工资比他们高，那么你就可能会被你很重视的同事疏远。 4. Spouses are a bigger source of stress than bosses, research shows. There may be no place like home, but if you want to relax then you might be better off at work, according to the survey.
英译汉练习短文6篇
英译汉练习短文6篇· Passage 1 Satiric Literature1 Perhaps the most striking quality of satiric literature is its freshness, its originality of perspective. Satire rarely offers original ideas. Instead, it presents the familiar in a new form. Satirists do not offer the world new philosophies. What they do is look at familiar conditions from a perspective that makes these conditions seem foolish, harmful, or affected. Satire jars us out of complacence into a pleasantly shocked realization that many of the values we unquestioningly accept are false. Don Quixote makes chivalry seem absurd; Brave New World ridicules the pretensions of science; A Modest Proposal dramatizes starvation by advocating cannibalism. None of these ideas is original. Chivalry was suspected before Cervantes2, humanists objected to the claims of pure science before Aldous Huxley3, and people were aware of famine before Swift4. It was not the originality of the idea that made these satires popular. It was the manner of expression，the satiric method, that made them interesting and entertaining. Satires are read because they are aesthetically satisfying works of art, not because they are
英译汉1994-2010年考研阅读理解真题全文翻译
英译汉历年真题全文翻译 1994年真题参考译文 新学派科学家们认为，在扩大科学知识范围的过程中，技术是一股被忽视了的力量(71)他们认为，科学之所以向前发展，与其说是因为天才伟人的真知灼见，还不如说是因为像改进了的技术和工具之类更为普遍的东西。(72)一位新学派的领袖人物坚持说，简言之，所谓的科学革命主要是指一系列工具的改进、发明和使用；这一系列工具的改进、发明和使用在无数个方面拓展了科学的领域。(73)多年来，工具和技术本身作为根本性革新的源泉在很大程度上被历史学家和思想家们所忽视了。肯定技术的现代派认为，诸如伽利略、牛顿、麦克斯韦、爱因斯坦这样的著名科学大师以及像爱迪生这样的发明家都十分重视各种不同的、可用于科学实验的工艺信息和技术装臵并从中获益匪浅，提倡肯定技术、
否定天才的论点之核心是对伽利略在科学革命的初期所起作用的分析。当时人们对天体的认识源于公元二世纪时的天文学家托勒密。他认为，在复杂的天体系统中所有的天体都围绕着地球运动。(74)伽利略最伟大的成就在于，在l 609年他是第一个用新发明的望远镜来观察天空的人，以证实行星是围绕太阳旋转而不是围绕地球旋转的。但故事中真正的英雄，新学派科学家们认为，是改进制作眼镜的机器的漫长过程。 联邦政府的政策不可避免地卷入了这场?技术?对?天才?之争。(75)政府是应该以牺牲技术作为代价来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入，还是相反，这常常取决于人们把哪一个看作驱动力量。 1995年真题参考译文
广泛用来帮助选拔、分类、委派或者提拔学生、雇员和军事人员的标准化教育或心理测试最近在图书、杂志、日报甚至国会中成了攻击的目标。(71)把标准化测试作为抨击的目标是错误的，因为在抨击这些测试的时候，批评家没有注意到错误在于那些不甚了解或者是不能胜任的使用者。测试本身只是工具，其特点是在具体条件下可以得到相当精确的测定。测试结果究竟是有价值、无意义或者有误导作用在部分程度上取决于工具本身，但在很大程度上取决于使用者。 所有对未来表现有根据的预测都取决于对相关的过去表现的一些了解：学习成绩、研究能力、销售纪录或者任何合适的信息。(72)这些测试将在多大程度上为后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适应性，还取决于解释这些信息的技能和才智。任何认真记分的人都知道，能获得的信息往往不全面，而且预测很容易出现错误。
汉译英格式规范
汉译英翻译格式规范 I 格式规范 1. 正文标题、机构名称、图表格名称和表头中所有单词（除虚词外）的首字母均大 写；但标题为句子的情况除外； 2. 译文中出现的标准、规范名称，单独出现时每个单词首字母均应大写并斜体，不 加引号；在表格中出现时不用斜体； 3. 摄氏度符号统一从“符号”“Times new roman”中找到“°”（位于最右一列）插 入，然后在后面加上大写“C”，即“°C”； 4. 排比和并列的内容，标点应统一。一般做法是中间采用“;”，最后一个采用“.”， 最后一个与倒数第二个之间用“; and”； 5. 数值范围的表示形式应是：110-220 kV，而不是110 kV～220 kV；注意：数字和 连字符之间没有空格，数字和单位之间有空格数字与单位之间要加一个空格，但“°C”、“°F”和“%”除外； 6. 在英文中，百分号应采用英文半角“%”，而不可采用中文全角“%”； 7. 公式中的符号从“插入公式”中选择； 8. 文本框中第一个单词首字母大写； 9. 1号机组和2号机组、一期和二期的表示方法：Unit 1 & 2；Phase I & II； 10. 第x条（款、项）和第y条（款、项）的表示方法：Article x and Article y，即表 示条（款、项）的词不能省略； 11. 文件中出现公式时，公式后说明性文字的“其中”、“式中”统一译为“Where:”， 注意其后加冒号；对公式中的字母和符号进行解释时，采用“-”，其前后均不空格，“-”后的首字母为小写；公式后的说明要用分号，最后采用句号。例如： Where: F sc-short circuit current force (lb/ft); V-velocity; P-gas density. 12. 冒号后首字母小写； 13. 大于号、小于号、等号两边均有空格； 14. 表格的标题和标题栏字体加粗； 15. 注意上下标与原文一致； 16. 直径符号φ的输入方法：插入，符号，字体选择Symbol，然后选择输入φ，并采用 斜体；
英译汉篇章翻译2
英译汉篇章翻译练习（2） Proverbs are the popular sayings that brighten so much Latin American talk, the boiled-down wisdom that you are as apt to hear from professors as from peasants, from beggars as from elegances. Brief and colorful, they more often than not carry a sting. When a neighbor?s dismally unattractive daughter announced her engagement, Imelda remarked, “You know what they say, Senora: …There?s no pot so ugly it can?t find a lid.?” And when her son-in-law blustered about how he was going to get even with the boss who had docked his pay, Imelda fixed him with a cold eye and said, “Little fish does not eat big fish.” One afternoon, I heard Imelda and her daughter arguing in the kitchen. Her daughter had quarreled with her husband?s parents, and Imelda was in sisting that she apologized to them. Her daughter objected. “But, Mama, I just can?t swallow them, not even with honey. They talk so big until we need something; then they?re too poor. So today when they wouldn?t even lend us enough to pay for a new bed, a ll I did was say something that I?ve heard you say a hundred times: …If so grand, why so poor? If so poor, why so grand?” “Impertinent!” snorted Imelda. “Have I not also taught you, …What the tongue says, the neck pays for?? I will not have it said that I could never teach my daughter proper respect for her elders. And before you go to beg their pardon, change those trousers for a dress. You know how your mother-in-law feels about pants on a woman. She always says, …What was hatched a hen must not try to be a rooster!” Her daughter made one more try. “But Mama, you often say, …If the saint is annoyed, don?t pray to him until he gets over it.? Can?t I leave it for tomorrow?” “No, no and no! Remember: …If the dose is nasty, swallow it fast.? You know, my child, you did wrong. But, …A gift is the key to open the door closed against you.? I have a cake in the oven that I was making for the Senora?s dinner, I will explain to the Senora. Now, dear, hurry home and make yourself pretty in your pink dress. By the time you get back, I will have the cake ready for you to take to your mother-in-law. She will be so pleased that she may make your father-in-law pay for the bed. Remember: …One hand washes the other, but together they wash the face.?”
经典英译汉文章翻译赏析
英译汉文章翻译赏析 时间:2009年06月01日 【英译中选段六】原文（by Robert Frost） The Gift Outright The land was once ours before we were the land’s. She was our land more than a hundred years. Before we were her people. She was ours In Massachusetts, in Virginia; But we were England’s, still colonials, Possessing what we still were unpossessed by, Possessed by what we now no more possessed. Something we were withholding made us weak Until we found out that it was ourselves We were withholding from our land of living, And forthwith found salvation in surrender. Such as we were we gave ourselves outright (The deed of gift was many deeds of war) To the land vaguely realizing westward, But still unstoried, artless, unenhanced, Such as she was, such as she would become. (原载https://www.360docs.net/doc/0c2103596.html, ) 译文（余光中译）： 全心的奉献 土地先属于我们，我们才属于土地。 她成为我们的土地历一百余年， 我们才成为她的人民。当时 她属于我们，在麻萨诸塞，在佛吉尼亚， 但我们属于英国，仍是殖民之身， 我们拥有的，我们仍漠不关心， 我们关心的，我们已不再拥有。 我们保留的一些什么使自己贫弱， 直到我们发现，原来是我们自己， 保留着，不肯给自己生息之地， 立刻，在献身之中找到了生机。 赤裸裸地，我们全心将自己奉献， （献身的事迹是多次的战迹） 献身与斯土，斯土正浑沦拓展，向西， 但迄未经人述说，朴实无华，未加渲染。 当时她如此，且预示她仍将如是。 （原载《余光中选集第五卷：译品集》，黄维樑、江弱水编选，安徽教育出版社，1999）【英译中选段七】 原文（by Fancis Bacon） Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of
《翻译英译汉》word版
翻译——英译汉 英译汉部分要求翻译单句, 而不是段落或篇章。考生首先要读懂句子,了解句子的语法结构、使用的固定词组、习惯用法及词与词之间的语义关系, 然后, 再正确分析原文的语言现象和逻辑关系,进行透彻的理解, 最后, 力图用简洁明了的汉语表达出原文的意思。因此, 考生有必要掌握一些基本的翻译技巧。 一、翻译技巧一 一般的英译汉考题不会只是简单句。我们在做题时, 首先要从语法入手, 找寻和确定句子大的框架结构, 通过分析把句中的从句和插入部分先排除掉, 明确句子结构有助于我们正确理解整句话的意思。 (一)重点分析句子结构 其实, 就英语的句子结构而言, 是有规律可循的。除去省略句、倒装句、感叹句和 一些特殊句子外, 英语句子的结构可归纳为三类: 1. to be句型: 主语 + be + 表语 Miss Jones is a manager. 琼斯小姐是位经理。 2. to do句型: 主语 + do + (宾语) + (状语) He teaches English in this school. 他在这所学校教英语。 3. there be句型: There be + 主语 + 状语 There are beautiful wildflowers in the hills. 山中有美丽的野花。 (二)确定语法现象和惯用结构 英译汉考题中常见的重点语法有: 时态、语态、主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、 同位语从句、定语从句、状语从句、动词不定式、动名词、分词、虚拟语气、倒装句、强调句等。考生要非常熟悉这些语法现象, 才不至于对句子产生误解。例如: ?Anyone who is interested in it can go with us. 对这事感兴趣的人可以跟我们去。(who引导定语从句修饰主语anyone) ?The problem discussed at yesterday’s meeting is very important. 昨天会上讨论过的那个问题非常重要。(过去分词短语作后置定语修饰主语the problem) ?You could have done better if you had been more careful. 要是细心一点的话，你就会做得更好。(if 引导虚拟语气的条件状语从句) ?Hardly had I said that when she entered the room. 我刚说完，她就进来了。(倒装句, 否定词hardly位于句首, 助动词had 放在主语I之前 ) ?It was not until last night that I noticed this matter. 直到昨晚我才注意到这件事。(强调句: It was not until+强调成分+that句子其 余成分)
翻译时间格式新要求(必看)
一，翻译时间 1，试译文件需在发布任务的2天之内上传，我们将根据提交上来的试译文件选出中标作品，并发站内信通知，注意查收。为方便联系，可以在提交试译文件时留下联系方式（QQ，邮箱，最好是手机） 2，提交作品到指定的邮箱，不能按时交任务的话，要及时通知我。 5，如果稿件由于质量问题被退回，要求从退回日期算起一天之内发回。 二，翻译格式要求 1.应为纯文本格式，编码UTF-8, 统一使用Editplus 3。见附件 介于Editplus界面，左右宽度很大，总的拉动下面那个Bar，可以调整。找到左上Document，点击下拉出现菜单，选择Word-wrap Options...再选择enable word-wrap,然后下面那个format 选80，应该就可以了。 2.格式采用一段英文一段中文的方式（不是一句一句对应，而是一段一段），英 文下面跟中文，可以按照自然段的格式，不要把英文删掉。 使用中文标点，包括逗号（，），句号（。），省略号（……），引号（“”），破折号（——）等都用专门的全角中文标点，而不要使用英文标点。 3. <>表示一条评论的开始，要求一条一条翻译。不要搞混。<>中的内容保留， 不要做任何变动。 4，翻译文本应为纯文本格式，在保存翻译文件的时候点下拉框选编码UTF-8，不要更改原文件名。 三，翻译内容注意事项 1.TripAdvisor 一定要翻译成“到到网”，这个是网站的中文名字。 2.题目括号<>里面的酒店名不需要翻译，正文中的地名，酒店名尽量要翻译（可 在到到网和携程网上找），正文中的人名不需要翻译。 3.Review 里会有一些带感情色彩的话，特别是褒义的，在翻译的时候一定要把 这种感情给表现出来，语气也可以强烈些。比如说，“Amazing Value”有些人把它翻成“物有所值”，但也有些人把它翻成“物超所值”，肯定是后者表达的感情色彩更强烈，也更贴切。
英译汉复习要领
英译汉复习要领 一、真题回顾 1．大纲对翻译部分的基本要求 在职人员攻读硕士学位入学英语考试中的翻译项目旨在通过翻译测试考生正确理解英文原句的能力以及汉语的书面表达能力。本部分采用语篇翻译的考试形式。要求考生将一篇120～150词的一般性题材的英语段落翻译成汉语。本部分满分为15分，考试时间为30分钟。对考生的要求是对原文理解正确，译文表达准确、通顺。因此，读懂原文，正确理解英文原文的意思是确保译文准确的前提，而通顺的表达则是获取高分的保障。 翻译考题是英文和中文两种语言的综合考试，难度较大。这一部分考生得分率普遍不是很高，是考生们复习的难点。但这部分有一个显著的特点，即翻译的技巧性强。因此考生们应特别注意翻译的方法和技巧。 下面通过对2003年在职人员攻读硕士学位入学英语考试中翻译真题的分析，让考生进一步了解翻译考题的难度和考点，把握复习思路和正确的解题技巧。 Part V Translation (30 minutes, 15 points) Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. The generation gap is so great in Hong Kong that the teenagers there rarely turn to their parents or teachers for advice on anything. Whether it be sex, AIDS, school worries or family problems, adults are not considered up to the job. Until now, no one has asked Hong Kong youth, “What do you think?” Some understanding of the emotions of Hong Kong’s youth, however, has come from the work of Dr. Jeffrey Day—at the University of Hong Kong. His survey of young people does not focus, for example, on how many drugs they take—but tries to answer the question why. Dr. Day hopes the results, which he plans to explain in full next week, will reveal what troubles—as well as pleases—today’s high-school students. Conclusions will be passed on not only to government departments but back to the schools which took part.
【精品】新视野大学英语1sectionB文章英译汉翻译
新视野大学英语1sectionB文章翻译 一、While regular schools still exist, the virtual classroom plays an important role in today's learning community.（虽然常规的学校依然存在，但虚拟课堂在今天的教学领域中起着重要的作用。）Job opportunities for students are expanding rapidly and more people of all ages are becoming aware of online learning that allows them to study at home. （随着学生就业机会的迅速增多，越来越多不同年龄层的人 开始意识到这种在家就学的网上学习方式。）Online students, however, require unique qualities to be successful.（然而，网络学生需要具备一些特别的素质才能取得成功。）The following list discusses some ideal qualities of successful online students. （以下是网上学生要取得成功必备的一些理想素质。） 1. Be open-minded about sharing life, work, and learning experiences as part of online learning. （与人分享生活、工作及学习经验，这些是网上学习的一部分。） Many people find that the online method requires them to use their experiences and that online learning offers them a place to communicate with each other.（许多人发现网上学习需要他们运用各自 的经验，同时又为他们提供了相互交流的场所。）This forum for communication removes the visual barriers that hinder some students from expressing themselves. （这一交流场所消除了一些学生自我 表达的视觉障碍。）In addition, students are given time to reflect on the information before replying. （此外，学生在答题之前有时间进行思考，）In this way, students can help to keep the online environment open and friendly.（这就使得网上环境开放而友好。） 2. Be able to communicate through writing. （能通过书写进行交流。） In the virtual classroom nearly all communication is written, so it is critical that students feel comfortable expressing themselves in writing.（虚拟课堂的交流几乎都是书面形式。因而很重要的一点是 学生要具有书面表达能力。）Some students have limited writing abilities, which need to be improved before or as part of the online experience. (有些学生书面表达能力差，有待提高，可以在网上学习之前提 高或将其作为网上学习的一部分。)This usually requires extra commitment by these students.( 这常常需要他们加倍努力。) Whether working alone or in a group, students share ideas, perspectives and discussions on the subject being studied, and read about those of their classmates. (不管是单独学习还是小组学习，学生们就学习内容交流观点和见解，并展开讨论，同时了解其他同学的意见。)In this way, students gain great insights from their peers, learning from each other as well as the instructor.( 这样，学生可以从同龄人那里得到启发，既跟老师学，又互相学习。) 3. Be willing to "speak up" if problems arise.(说出你的困难。) Remember that instructors cannot see their students in an online course.(记住，虚拟课堂里老师看不见学生。)This means students must be absolutely explicit with their comments and requests.(这就意味学生必须直接明了地表达自己的看法和要求。) If they experience technical difficulties, or problems in understanding something about the course, they MUST speak up; otherwise there is no way anyone can know something is wrong.( 如果碰到技术方面的问题，或在理解课程中遇到困难， 必须大胆说出来，否则任何人都无从知晓问题所在。) If one person does not understand something, possibly several others have the same problem.( 如果某人不理解某个问题，或许别人也有同样的问题。) If another student is able to help, he or she probably will.( 如果有哪个学生能解决，他(她)也许就会帮助你。) While explaining something to others, students reinforce their own knowledge about the subject. (学生在给他人解释问题时，自己对该问题的认识也加深了。) 4. Take the program seriously.(认真对待课程。) Online learning is not easier than study in regular classrooms. （网上学习并不比课堂学习容易。） In fact, many students say it requires much more time and effort. （事实上，许多学生说它需要花更 多的时间和努力。）Requirements for online courses are no less than those of any other quality program. （网络课程的要求不低于其他任何一种优质课程。）Successful online students, however, see online learning as a convenient way to receive their education—not an easier way. （然而，取得成功的学生认为网上学习是一种便捷的受教育方式，但并不容易。）Many online students sit at computers for hours at a time during evenings and on weekends in order to complete their assignments. （晚上 或周末，为了完成作业，许多网络学生在电脑前一坐就是几个小时。）When other people are finished with their work and studies and having fun, you'll most likely find online students doing their course work.（别人已完成作业和学习，开始玩耍，而此时网络学生却很可能还在上课。）Online students need to