完形填空、阅读理解技巧讲解及练习
完形填空
基础建构：
小学完形填空主要考察：1.动词的变化；2.词汇的常用搭配。
应对完形填空的考查点基本上相同，应对完形填空的学习，我们需要培养：
第一，勤于朗读和背诵，熟读和熟记常用的表达-----应对词汇常用搭配的考查；
第二，课堂上，注意语法的讲授，通过做讲义练习进行巩固-----应对动词变化的考查。
A
Li li, look 1 the picture. It’s 2 picture of our classroom. In the picture, you can see some desks 3 chairs. 4 the blackboard, you can see two black and white cats. A map is 5 the door. It’s a map 6 Beijing. Under the 7 desk is a ball, but you can’t see it. The girl in the hat is my good friend Kate. She is a new student. She is 8 English girl. She looks 9 Lucy . But they aren’t10 .
( )1.A. in B. at C. to D. on
( )2.A.a B. an C. the D./
( )3.A.or B. but C. and D. there
( )4.A. In B. Of C. At D. On
( )5.A.at B. in C. under D. behind
( )6.A. of B. on C. in D. for
( )7.A. teacher B. teacher’s C. teachers’ D. of teacher
( )8.A. / B. the C. an D. a
( )9.A.at B. after C. like D. the same
( )10.A. boys B. girls C. twins D. students
B
Jim and Tom are 1 .They look 2 same. They are 3 . They’re twelve. They are in No. 14 Middle 4 . They’re in the same 5 .But they 6 in the same room. Jim is in 7 301 and Tom is in Room 302 . 8 classmates all look 9 them. Now they are good 10 .
( )1.A. twin sister B. twins sisters C. twin brothers D. twins brothers
( )2.A. a B. an C. the D. ×
( )3.A. new B. new student C. a new student D. a new
( )4.A. school B. School C. schools D. Schools
( )5.A. class B. Class C. classes D. Classes
( )6.A. is B. isn’t C. are D. aren’t
( )7.A. room B. Room C. rooms D. Rooms
( )8.A. He B. His C. They D. Their
( )9.A. at B. like C. after D. to
( )10.A. friend B. friends C. student D. students
C
I 1 a picture . It’s a picture 2 a school. 3 the picture you can see a school and some trees. You can see some boys and girls. They are 4 the trees. The school is a middle school . Look 5 these two boys. 6 they good friends 7 brothers? 8 is
their teacher? Oh, sorry, I 9 10 .
( )1.A. is B. am C. are D. have
( )2.A. to B. or C. of D. and
( )3.A. In B. To C. On D. At
( )4.A. in B. on C. under D. behind
( )5.A. at B. of C. to D. like
( )6.A. Am B. Is C. Are D. Be
( )7.A. but B. of C. or D. and
( )8.A. How B. Who C. What D. Which
( )9.A. isn’t B. don’t C. am not D. aren’t
知识衔接
进入初中后，英语完形填空的难度增加了，那么同学们在做题的时候一定要注意：
1.通读全文，了解文章大意
了解文章大意的好处在于对语篇有一个整体的了解，可以避免断章取义，减少解题时的盲目性。但在迅速浏览全文的过程中，切勿望生词而却步，恰恰相反，碰到不明白的地方应掠过去，等到填空需要细读时再去理会。
2.抓住首尾句
在阅读时要特别注意文章的第一句和最后一句，因为它们通常是文章的主题句，是全文的中心所在。然后读一遍选项，知道均有哪些备选项。
3.再读全文
可以边读边用铅笔试着将选项的内容填在空白处。这是一个关键性的分析判断阶段，要瞻前顾后，仔细研究上下文，不能只看空格前后两个词，而是应该看完整的句子。这时，应调动你学过的全部语言知识，明确题目要考查的是你哪方面知识的掌握。
4.根据语言知识和语法知识解题
完形填空中有相当一部分题涉及各种句子结构、基本语法要点、固定搭配以及习惯用法。因此，在解题时需要运用掌握的语言知识和语法知识解题。
5.联系上下文
要学会利用上下文中的各种语言线索和已有的语言知识来选词，切不可不读全文，见一空填一词。如果遇到一时难以确定的答案可先不填，先去做后面的，或有把握的，待填完其他空白后，再回过头来做前面的。有时候，前后空白往往形成相互提示和补充。同时，还可利用排除法，首先排除不合题意的选项，然后反复比较剩下的选项，这样就可以略为简单一些。
6.运用背景知识解题
背景知识在解答填空题时往往具有重要的辅助作用。有些空格不需要花费太多的时间去研究上下文，有些无论从上下文还是从词汇、语法着眼都无法找到解题信息，而运用背景知识也许很快能找到答案。因此，注意背景知识的运用是很有必要的。最后还要利用自己各方面的知识和语言知识、历史知识、生活常识等，细微分析比较，理解中心，全面验证。
A
Tom and Fred were talking about the year 2050.
“What will __1__ be like in the year 2050?” asked Tom.
“I don’t know,” said Fred. “What do you think?”
cket
computer. The computer will gi ve people the __4 to all their problems. We shall all have telepho nes in our pockets, __5__. And we’ll be able to talk to our friends all over the world. Perhaps w e’ll be able to __6__ them at the same time. Machines will do __7__ of the work, and people will hav e more __8__. Perhaps they will work only two or three da ys a week. They will be able to fly to t he moon by spaceship and spend their holidays there.”
“I’m very __9__ to hear that. I hope to fly to the moon. And I hope I’ll be able to live __10__,” sai d Fred . “Won’t that be interesting? Just like a fish.”
( ) 1. A. the traffic B. a factory C. the world D. our home
( ) 2. A. pleased B. no use C. interesting D. unusual
( ) 3. A. bring B. give C. send D. carry
( ) 4. A. ways B. things C. answers D. news
( ) 5. A. again B. too C. also D. either
( ) 6. A. see B. look C. listen D. call
( ) 7. A. many B. lot C. every D. most
( ) 8. A. duty B. holidays C. times D. work
( ) 9. A. glad B. sure C. afraid D. sorry
( ) 10.A. in the sea B. on land C. on the mountain D. under the ground
1-5：CCDCB 6-10：ADBAA
B
The Turners 1 America. They are now 2 Beijing. This is their first visit to China. They are going to stay in China 3 three months. They want to visit some big cities and villages. They hope to learn 4 Chinese , too.
Mr turner is a driver. He 5 to drive in Beijing . Mrs Turner is a school teacher. She 6 a city school and a village school. 7 daughter is a middle school student. She meets some Chinese students.
They 8 a lot of pictures in China . When they are back in America, they 9 show the pictures to their friends. They want 10 to know more about China.
( )1.A.is from B. are from C. come to D. comes from
( )2.A. of B. at C. on D. in
( )3.A. in B. on C. for D. from
( )4.A. some B. many C. little D. no
( )5.A. like B. likes C. want D. is wanting
( )6.A. visit B. visiting C. is visiting D. are visiting
( )7.A. His B. Her C. Your D. Their
( )8.A. bring B. give C. take D. like
( )9.A. go to B. is going to C. going to D. are going to
( )10.A. American B. the American people C. Americas D. a America
C
Li Lei is a middle school student. He is a good boy. Uncle Wu lives 1 him. Uncle Wu has
2 children and he can’t see
3 . He works in the factory near Li Lei’s school. He g oes to
work at 7:30 in the morning and 4 home at 4:30 in the afternoon.Li Lei goes to school at
8:00 in the morning and comes home at the 5 time as Uncle Wu in the afternoon. 6 weekdays Li Lei gets up early to take Uncle Wu 7 the factory. After school he takes Uncle Wu home. On Sundays Li Lei helps Uncle Wu 8 the house and do some 9 .Uncle Wu thanks Li Lei very much. He says, “Li Lei is a good boy. He10 my son. ”
( )1.A. next to B. next C. nearly D. besides
( )2.A. not B. not one C. no D. nobody
( )3.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. every
( )4.A. goes B. come C. coming D. goes to
( )5.A. same B. some C. different D. differences
( )6.A. In B. On C. At D. Of
( )7.A. away B. from C. to D. with
( )8.A. cleans B. cleaning C. cleanning D. clean
( )9.A. cookers B. cooking C. cook D. cooks
( )10.A. looks B. look like C. likes D. is like
第三讲：阅读理解
英语阅读试题的技巧与方法
一、阅读信息文中找。
小学阶段的阅读试题答案，基本都能在所给的阅读文中找到所需信息。学生只需带着问题或关键词以寻读的方式，快速在文章中寻找所需信息，切记不可任凭自己的想象，随心所欲的回答。如一道阅读填空：Tim and his friend in the sea.没有通过寻找关键词，在文章中寻找的方式，而是根据自己的猜测写出play.
二、寻找信息的顺序性。
一篇阅读文章之后的若干试题，通常依据自上而下的顺序出题。（当然也有个别例外）第一道题所需信息通常在文中的首段，学生只需在文章的第一部分寻找，第二题的信息，则无需从文章的开始浏览，只要从第一个信息之后寻读即可，后面的题依次往下寻找。最后一道题的信息，基本在文章的末段。了解了寻找信息的顺序性，学生无需花费较多的时间一遍又一遍通读全文，增加信息量，干扰阅读理解，影响做题速度。
三、如何快速寻找所需信息
在那到一篇阅读试题时，大部分学生首先会不自觉地通读全文，甚至因思考文中的生词而花费较多的时间，然后再回到试题时，头脑中关于文章的信息已所剩无几。正确的方法是，首先仔细阅读试题，圈出试题中的关键词。如何识别关键词，需要老师在平时的阅读教学中指导、判断。比如：am, is, are , do, did, can, to, of 等虚词通常不可能是关键词，而名词、动词、副词通常为关键词。对于阅读文中的问答题，方法基本相同。首先找出问题中的关键词，然后带着关键词在文章中寻找答案。
四、判断正误。
对于阅读试题中的判断正误题，相对比较简单，但学生的出错率仍然较大，究其原因，学生不懂判断的方法，通常是读完试题之后，凭着自己对阅读文章的大致印象判断。事实上判断试题与选择、填空的做题方法基本一致，仍需找出试题中的关键词，带着关键词，在文中寻找所需信息，然后仔细判断是否与文中信息一致，如一致则正确，反之错误。
练习：
(1)
Look a t that boy. His name is Liu Bing. He’s a Chinese boy. He is in the kitchen. He likes apples. Su Yang is at home too. She is in the study. She likes drawing. Is Gao Shan at home? No, he is in the park. He is thirsty. He wants to drink some juice. Miss Li is in the office. She is reading.
快速判断：（正确的写T，错误的写S）
（）1.Liu Bing is in the kitchen .
（）2.Liu Bing likes eating pears.
（）3.Su Yang isn’t in the study .
（）4.Gao Shan is thirsty and he wants to drink.
（）5.Miss Li is drawing .
(2)
Tom is my classmate. He is from London in England. But he likes China very much. Now he is in Beijing. He is a little fat. He has a round face and big blue eyes. His hair is not black but yellow. His nose ,mouth and ears are ball big. He likes blue. He likes wearing a blue T-shirt and blue jeans. Look at his hand. He has a football in it. We often play football after class.
阅读短文，判断句子正（T）误（F）。
( ) 1. Tom is an English boy.
( ) 2. Tom’s hair and eyes are blue.
( ) 3. The boy with big eyes, big ears ,a big nose and a big mouth is LiuTao.
( ) 4. Tom likes basketball.
( ) 5. Tom’s favourite colour is blue.
A
A mother and her young son get into a bus in a small city and sit down. The bus conductor comes to them for their money. The mother says: “I want one ticket（票）to the zoo ” and gives him one yuan. The conductor looks at the small boy for a few seconds and t hen says to him, “How old are you ,young man?” The mother begins to speak, but the conductor st ops her, The boy says: “I’m four at home, and two in the buses.” At last the mother has to take fift y fen out of her pocket and gives it to the conductor.
1.Why does the conductor look at the small boy for a few seconds?
A.She likes him
B.She thinks the boy need to buy a half-price ticket
C.She knows the small boy.
D.She saw the boy somewhere
2.Why does the conductor stop the mother and let the boy say?
A.The boy’s words are interesting
B.The mother is a bad mother
C.The small boy can tell the truth
D.She loves the small boy
3.At last the mother
A.buys another ticket
B.buys a half-price ticket for the boy
C.says sorry to the conductor
D.gives one yuan to the conductor
4.What does the word “conductor”mean?
A.司机
B.售票员
C.乘客
D.警察
5.From the story we can see
A.every boy must buy a ticket in the bus
B.when a child is four, he must buy a ticket
C.sometimes a child is more honest（诚实）than his parents
D.woman are not good mothers
B
Come and see the India elephants and the new tigers from Amercia. The bears are waiting to meet you, and the monkeys from China are waiting to throw
（扔） things to you. The lovely dogs from Australia are waiting to laugh at you. The giraffes fro m Brazil are waiting to look down on you.
Tickets Open time
Grown-up:（成人）$2.00 9:00a.m—4:00p.m
Children :over 12 $1.00 Except（除）Friday
Under12 Free(免票) 10:00a.m—3:00p.m
Keep the zoo clean!
Don’t touch , give good food or go near the animals!
1.How many kinds of animals are talked about in the passage?
A.four
B.five
C.six
D.seven
2.Now Mr Smith is in the zoo with his two sons,one is14 and the other is is 10 .How much are the tickets together(总共)？
A．$4.00 B.$2.00 C.$3.00 D.$10.00
3.Which of the following is the visiting time?
A.8:30am Monday
B.9:30am Friday
C.3:00[m Sunday
D.5:00pm Tuesday
4.From the passage we can guess the animal “giraffe”must be very
A.fat
B.long
C.strong
D.tall
5.Which of the following can we do in the zoo?
A. to give some food to the fish
B.to touch the monkey on the head
C.to throw things everywhere
D.to keep the zoo clean
C
Tom likes fish very much. He often buys some fish in the shop and takes it home. But when his wife sees the fish, she says to herself, “Good ! I can ask my friends to have lunch, and we can eat t he fish. They like fish very much.”
So when Tom comes home in the evening, the fish is not there and his wife always says, “Oh,yo ur cat eats it ” And she gives Tom some bread for his supper.. Tom is very angry. He takes the cat a nd his wife to the shop near his house and weighs(称重) the cat. Then he turns to his wife and says, “My fish weigh one kilo（公斤）. This cat weighs one, too. My fish is here, you see, then where is my cat?”
1.( )eats the fish.
A.Mr Tom
B.Mrs Tom
C.The cat
D.His fiends
2,What does Mrs Tom do with the fish?
A.She eats the fish before Tom comes back
B.She asks her friends to come to eat the fish with her
C.She puts the fish in the fridge（冰箱）and waits for her husband
D.She cooks the fish for Tom
3.Mr Tom weighs ( ) in the shop with his wife.
A.the fish
B.the cat
C.his wife
D.his friend
4.How much fish does Tom often buy?
A.one kilo
B.two kilo
C.three kilo
D.four kilo
5.Tom likes ( )very much.
A.cat
B.his wife
C.fish
D.his friends
D
A crow （乌鸦）wants to drink, but he can’t find water. He looks here and there. At last ，he cries , “I can see a jar （罐子）and there is some water in it.” He tries （试图） to get the water, but he can’t.“How can I get the water?” he cries, “I can put my break （鸟嘴）quite close （靠近）to it.” But still he can not
drink. “What can I do? I want to drink.”
He looks here and there, then he picks up a small stone (石头) in his break and carries it to the jar of water and drops it into the jar. “Soon the water will be high i n the jar, and I can drink,” says the crow.
So he begins to do that until the water is high enough to drink.
1. What is the crow looking for?
A. A jar
B. Water
C. Food
D. Meat
2. Why doesn’t he drink right now（马上）？
A. He isn’t very thirsty.
B. No water in the jar.
C. He doesn’t want to drink it.
D. The water isn’t high.
3. What’s the English meaning （意思） for “drop”?
A. put…into…
B. take…to…
C. carry…to…
D. put…on…
4. Why does he pick up the stone?
A. He is hungry.
B. He wants to put them into the jar.
C. He wants to make his break strong.
D. He is playing a game
5. Which title （题目）do you think is the best (最好)?
A. A Clever(聪明的) Crow
B. A thirsty Crow
C. A Crow and A Jar of Water
D. A Crow and Stones
E
Tom likes fish very much. He often buys some fish in the shop and takes it home. But when his wife sees the fish, she says to herself, “Good ! I can ask my friends to have lunch, and we can eat the fish. They like fish very much.”
So when Tom comes home in the evening, the fish is not there and his wife always says, “Oh,y our cat eats it ” And she gives Tom some bread for his supper.. Tom is very angry. He takes the c at and his wife to the shop near his house and weighs(称
重) the cat. Then he turns to his wife and says, “My fish weigh one kilo（公斤）. This cat weighs one, too. My fish is here, you see, then where is my cat?”
1.( )eats the fish.
A.Mr Tom
B.Mrs Tom
C.The cat
D.His fiends
2,What does Mrs Tom do with the fish?
A.She eats the fish before Tom comes back
B.She asks her friends to come to eat the fish with her
C.She puts the fish in the fridge（冰箱）and waits for her husband
D.She cooks the fish for Tom
3.Mr Tom weighs ( ) in the shop with his wife.
A.the fish
B.the cat
C.his wife
D.his friend
4.How much fish does Tom often buy?
A.one kilo
B.two kilo
C.three kilo
D.four kilo
5.Tom likes ( )very much.
A.cat
B.his wife
C.fish
D.his friends
阅读理解训练题
阅读理解训练题（十四） A Friend is better than fortune. Friend is worse than poison in some cases. The two sentences above are opposite and seem to be unreasonable but they can be explained as follows: the first refers to all good friends who drive us towards good while the second all bad ones who lead us to wrong ways. My ideal(理想的) friend is of course a good friend whose goodness is shown below-he has no bad likings, such as smoking and drinking. He lives in frugality(节俭). He studies hard so as not to waste his golden time. At home he honors his parents and loves his brothers; at school he respects his teachers and shares feelings of his classmates. He treats those truly who are true to him. In a word, he has all the good characters better than mine. I can follow him as a model. With his help I am free from all difficulties, Indeed, if I have such a person as my friend, I shall never fear difficulty and I shall never know the existence of the word "failure". 56. This passage tells us __ A. how to make friends with others B. how the writer' s friend helps him C. what kind of person the writer's friend is D what kind of person we should make friends with 57. An ideal friend means A. a true friend B. a false friend C. an imaginary friend D. an excellent friend 58. From the passage we can learn that A. the writer and his ideal friend have a lot to learn from each other B. the writer has a lot to learn from his ideal friend C. the writer's ideal friend has a lot to learn from him D. the writer has only a little to learn from his ideal friend 59. From the second paragraph, we can infer the writer is sure that A. nothing cannot be done with friend B. only the first sentence is reasonable C. he who does not smoke or drink must be a good friend D. good friends should always help each other B Life gets noisier every day and very few people can be free from noise of some sort or another. It doesn't matter where you live--in the middle of a modern city, or a faraway village--the chances are that you' 11 be disturbed by jet planes, transistor radios, oil - powered engines, etc. We seem to be getting used to noise, too. Some people feel quite lonely without background music while they' re working. Scientific tests have shown that total silence can be a very frightening experience for a human being. However, some people enjoy listening to pop music which is very loud, and this can do harm to their eardrums(耳鼓). The noise level in some discos is far above the usual safety level for heavy industrial areas. One recent report about noise and concentration(专心) suggested that although a lot of people say that any noise disturbs their concentration, what really influences their ability to concentrate is a change in the level of noise. It goes on to say that a background noise which doesn't change too much(music, for example) may even help people to concentrate. 60. According to this passage, the noise pollution __ A. has become the worst in the countryside B. has become better in big cities
高中英语完形填空解题技巧和训练
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