2020年浙江新高考英语二轮复习专题三 完形填空1第一讲 词汇篇

2020年浙江新高考英语二轮复习专题三 完形填空1第一讲 词汇篇
2020年浙江新高考英语二轮复习专题三 完形填空1第一讲 词汇篇

完形填空和语法填空二者共属高考浙江卷中的语言运用部分,二者虽题型不同,但宗旨都是考查考生在理解整体语篇的基础上具体运用语法知识和词语的能力。

年份

体裁题材

考点分布

动词

(短语)

(短

语)

(短

语)

(短

语)

2019.6 记叙文唤起对食物浪费的关

8 5 4 3 0 0 0

2018.11 记叙文解救学生的手指11 6 2 0 1 0 0 2018.6 夹叙夹议文充分利用时间9 5 4 2 0 0 0

2017.11 记叙文Harvold救人的英勇故

12 6 2 0 0 0 0

2017.6 记叙文保护书籍的故事9 4 5 2 0 0 0

[考纲解读]

1.完形填空旨在考查考生的综合理解能力和语言运用能力:

(1)要求考生能够领悟一篇有空缺的语篇大意,结合全文,推出“未知”内容,具有主观性测试和客观性测试的双重特点。

(2)既可以在语篇中考查考生的英语基础知识,即语法、词汇知识;又可以考查考生运用所学语言知识的能力;还可以考查考生的英语文化背景知识;同时,考查考生把握上下文行

文逻辑和整个篇章结构的能力。

2.完形填空的每个选项的取舍要受层次语境的影响。完形填空的考点层次从低到高可分为:词汇层次、句子层次、语篇层次。

[命题趋势]

完形填空是测试考生综合语言运用能力的填空补缺式障碍性阅读。它以语篇信息为基础,以中心脉络信息为主线,多层面反复式信息为暗示,纵横向立体式信息相照应,给考生提供足够的解题信息。预计今后的高考中会有以下命题趋势:

1.综合考查考生的英语基础知识和语言运用能力,包括词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。

2.文章材料多以叙述为主,叙议结合。故事性记叙文仍会占主导地位,但夹叙夹议文会增多。

3.语篇层次设空增多,从而体现“突出语篇”的命题思路,测试考生对上下文衔接关系、行文逻辑等的综合理解,进而考查考生的思维能力。

第一讲词汇篇

高考完形填空主要是对考纲词汇的考查,重点考查考生在具体语境中准确理解和运用考纲词汇的能力。近几年高考完形填空对词汇在整体语篇中的灵活运用的考查尤为突出,主要涉及名词、动词(短语)、形容词和副词等实词的词义理解、一词多义的积累、熟词生义的推断以及近义词用法的辨析。没有掌握好考纲中基础词汇的词义是造成失分的主要原因之一,而不能弄清意义相近词汇的细微区别则成为拿高分的障碍。

考生要想得高分,准确掌握考纲词汇是基础,强化对多义词的掌握和对重难点词的积累是关键。

超重点1词义理解——考纲生僻词汇强化记忆

[强化1]动词

动词及其短语的灵活运用是英语的特色之一,也是考生备考时的难点,因此每年都是完形填空的考查重点。做这类题时,考生不仅要掌握各项的具体含义,还要结合语境确定答案。从近三年的高考试题来看,其中不乏高频词汇之外的考纲内词汇,这就需要考生备考时做好知识储备。

[典例1](2019·天津卷)After sharing the story online, I heard from someone,who 22 the lady as Erin Smith. Without 23.delay, I called to thank her. She said she 24.spotted my wallet on a bus seat.

22.A.selected B.appointed

C.identified D.defined

[解析]C考查动词。根据语境,我上网发帖,有人告诉我说他认出了那位女士,她是Erin Smith。A项意为“选择”;B项意为“任命”;C项意为“认出”;D项意为“给……下定义”。结合语境,故选C。

[典例2](2018·浙江卷6月)Once that happened, I just kept 44.pushing my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was 45 really late at night to get my work done.

45.A.hanging out B.staying up

C.jogging round D.showing off

[解析]B考查动词短语。根据语境可知,我的这种拖延的习惯后来使我都要熬夜(staying up)到很晚才能完成作业。hang out闲逛;jog round围绕……慢跑;show off炫耀。

[强化2]名词

高考完形填空对名词的考查主要分为两类:一是考查语境和词的匹配,此时所给选项的词形和词义往往不同,需要考生根据上下文或提示确定答案;二是四个选项或其中几个选项的词形或含义相近,需要考生进行辨析。从近几年的高考题来看,第一类考查频率较高。

[典例](2019·天津卷)The 17.heart-stopping moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the __18__ of that little wallet?The credit cards, the driver’s license, the cash, all lost to the bus.

18.A.parts B.contents

C.details D.ingredients

[解析]B考查名词。根据后面的“The credit cards,the driver’s license,the cash”可知,本处谈的是“钱包里的东西(内容)”。B项意为“内容”。结合语境,故选B。

[强化3]形容词和副词

[典例1](2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Hearing these stories, I’m __44__ about the place—other

destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.

44.A.silent B.skeptical

C.serious D.crazy

[解析]B考查形容词。上文提到乞力马扎罗山已经遭到破坏,我对这个地方开始持怀疑态度——其他的目的地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。silent“沉默的”;skeptical“怀疑的”;serious“严肃的”;crazy“疯狂的”。结合语境,故选B。

[典例2](2018·江苏卷)The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45.harder than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor 46.ached all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial 47.struggle,__found his symptoms were strangely 48.reduced by their daily tiring journey.

__49__,the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles that they thought had 50.lost forever.

49.A.Initially B.Eventually

C.Temporarily D.Consequently

[解析]B考查副词。最后,这对夫妇发现他们的身体好转。eventually“最后,终于”,符合语境。

完形填空选项中所给的词,是平时训练或阅读材料中出现频率较低的考纲词汇,如果平时不注意积累,考试时也就无法理解上下文提示,考生就容易失分。本书晨背部分对考纲词汇进行过滤筛选,按字母排序对生僻动词、动词短语、名词、形容词和副词进行总结。

请背诵晨背P10完形填空生僻动词选项小结

请背诵晨背P11完形填空动词短语选项小结

请背诵晨背P13完形填空生僻名词选项小结

请背诵晨背P14完形填空生僻形容词选项小结

请背诵晨背P15完形填空常考副词选项小结

超重点2词汇活用——多义词语多积累,熟词生义巧推断一词多义和熟词生义是近几年高考完形填空中不断出现的词汇活用现象。在英语中,除了术语以外,单义词是很少的,多数的词都是多义词,而往往词的意思越多,它的使用频率就越高。对一些熟悉单词的生僻含义,或者一些多义词在语境中的具体含义,考生往往把握

不准,对做题造成了很大的障碍。所以考生在备考时要注意根据单词本义以及词根推断单词的生僻意义,并尽可能多地掌握多义词的含义。

[典例](2018·北京卷)Mr. Smith’s act __30__ much of the public’s attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson 31.posted about the act of kindness on Facebook.

Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to 32.raise money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received £8,000.

30.A.gave B.paid

C.cast D.drew

[解析]D考查动词和熟词生义。史密斯先生的行为引起了公众的广泛关注。draw one’s attention意为“引起某人的注意”。

[典例](2018·浙江卷6月)He said without the job, he would 49.simply have too much time and would just do what I did back in 50.college. He said that if he 51.quit the job, he would lose his __52__ to work and succeed.

52.A.heart B.chance

C.drive D.way

[解析]C考查名词和熟词生义。根据语境可知,此处表示“如果辞职,他就会失去工作和成功的动力”。drive在此处为名词,意为“驱动,推动力”,符合语境。drive的熟义:v.驾驶,开车。

请背诵晨背P15一词多义&熟词生义小结

超重点3词语辨析——近义/形近词语细辨析

英语中近义词、形近词的辨析是难点,高考完形填空题要求考生在理解文章大意的基础上,根据语境从所给的单词(短语)中做出正确选择。它所考查的是考生对所学词汇灵活运用的能力,这就要求考生复习词汇时要注重近义词、形近词的归纳。

[典例](2017·江苏卷)For a long time Gabriel didn’t want to be involved in music at all. In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at the music students, __36__ across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, 37.turning__up at school for practice hours 38.before anyone else had to be there.

36.A.travelling B.marching

C.pacing D.struggling

[解析]D根据句中的“heavy instrument cases”可知选择struggling,表示“艰难地行进”。

浙江省2018届高考英语二轮复习完形填空提升练(七)议论文及解析

完形填空提升练(七) 议论文 A (2017·沈阳二模) Thinking of my good friends,I sense that my attitudes are totally different towards men and women. My earliest childhood friend is Donald.In the street was a(an) 1 old German truck.No wheels.No doors.Each day, 2 we were flying over the Atlantic in that truck our “airplane”,there came that wonderful moment:“Engine 3 !” I’d shout,“We’ll hav e to jump out.” Glancing at me,he’d say,“I can’t 4 !” “Fear not!I’ll drag you to the 5 .” And when we swam 6 the dust,Donald cried “Sharks!” But I always 7 him.The next day,changing 8 ,Donald would do the same to me.We saved each other hundreds of times,but when my family really did leave for America,we could do 9 .We just cried silently as the train 10 . These days,Jessica is one of my best friends.Recently we were swimming at a beach in the Atlantic,the 11 one I had “flown” over in my German truck with Donald.We were far from shore when we both thought we 12 a shark!We began swimming 13 toward the shore.Although in 14 ,I fell back to protect her.In the end,the “shark” proved 15 ,but not my deep emotional feeling for my friend.We looked into each other’s eyes and said,“I love you!” You see with women I could be 16 ,emotionally honest and transparent.With male friends,it seemed impossible to 17 caring feelings however deep the friendship was.“Am I normal?” I thought to myself.Much to my 18 ,researches show that men and women have very different 19 and rational (理性的) processes.I do love all my friends-only the means of expression 20 . 1.A.advanced B.decorated C.abandoned D.updated 2.A.before B.while C.after D.until 3.A.loss B.death C.pressure D.failure 4.A.jump B.swim C.die D.run 5.A.dust B.river C.truck D.shore 6.A.over B.through C.across D.beyond

2016年10月浙江新高考英语试题及答案

第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分35分) 第一节(共10小题,每小题2.5分,满分25分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并再答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Suddenly another thought went through Kate’s mind like an electric shock. An express train was due to go past about thirty minutes later. If it were not stopped, that long train, full of passengers, would fall into the stream. “Someone must go to the station and warn the station-master,” Kate thought. But who was to go? She would have to go herself. There was no one else. In wind and rain, she started on her difficult was. Soon she was at the bridge that crossed the Des Moines River, a bridge also built of wood, just like the bridge across Honey Creek. The storm had not washed this away, but there was no footpath across it. She would have to cross it by stepping from sleeper(枕木) to sleeper. With great care she began the dangerous crossing, sometimes on her hands and knees, hardly daring to look down between the sleepers into the wild flood waters below. If she should slip, she would fall between the sleepers, into the rapidly flowing stream. At last -she never knew how long it had taken her – she felt solid ground under her feet. But there was no time to rest. She still had to run more than half a mile and had only a few minutes left. Unless she reached the station before the express did, many, many lives would be lost. She did reach the station just as the train came into sight. Fortunately, the station-master was standing outside. “The bridge is down! Stop the train! Oh, please stop it!” Kate shouted breathlessly. The station-master went pale. He rushed into the station building and came back with a signal light. He waved the red light as the train came into the station. It was not a second too early. 21. What did Kate decide to do? A. Stop the express train. B. Check the signal light. C. Meet the passengers. D. Visit the station-master. 22. Which of the following words best describes Kate’s journey? A. Fruitless. B. Boring. C. Well-planned. D. Ricky. 23. Why did the station-master turn pale? A. He suddenly fell ill. B. He realized the danger. C. He discovered his mistake. D. He became over-excited. B The Crowne Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to man guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bile linked to a generator(发电机). The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint. Guest will have to produce at least 10 watt hours of electricity – roughly 15 minutes of cycling for someone of average fitness. Guests staying at Plaza Hotel will be given meal tickets worth $36 once they have produced 10 watt hours of electricity. The bicycles will have smart phones attached to the handlebars measuring how much power is being generated for the hotel. The plan, a world-first, will start on 19 April and run for a year. Only guest staying at the hotel will be able to take part. Frederikke Toemmergaard, hotel spokeswoman, said, “Many of our visitors are business people who enjoy going to the gym. There might be people who will cycle just to get a free meal, but generally I don’t think people will take advantage of our programme.” Copenhagen has a long-standing cycling tradition an 36% of locals cycle to work each day, one of the highest percentages in the world, according to the website visitcopenhagen.dk. US environmental website https://www.360docs.net/doc/1117452994.html, recently voted Copenhagen the world’s best city for cyclists. “Because Copenhagen is strongly connected with cycling, we felt the bicycle would work well as symbol of the hotel’s green profile(形象).” If successful, the electric bicycle meal programme will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK, the hotel said in a statement. 24. What is the main purpose of the free meal programme? A. To promote the hotel’s green concept. B. To make the city known to the world. C. To attract people to the hotel restaurant. D. To get guests to stay longer at the hotel. 25. How can a participant get a free meal? A. By becoming a professional cyclist. B. By cycling to produce some electricity.

浙江高考英语试题及答案2020

浙江高考英语试题及答案2020 延伸阅读: 高考英语完形填空答题技巧 第一步:跳过空格,通读全文,把握大意。 第一遍读文章时不要做题,而是跳过空格,通读试题所给的要填空的短文,获得整体印象,做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨,较好地把握 短文大意。平时自己做题时,如果读一遍读不懂,那就读两遍,读 两遍还是读不懂,那就再读一遍。一定要记住“读不懂文章不要做题”,因为没有理解文章做了也是白做,既浪费时间又浪费精力, 还自欺欺人,危害不小。总之,一定要在理解短文意思的基础上才 能开始做题。 另外,读第一遍时要注意先读懂文章的首句和末句,因为这两句往往是没有被挖空的句子。它们往往是全文的关键句,是文章的 “窗口”和“指南”,可作为解题的突破口。通过读文章的首句一 般可判断文章的体裁、人物、时间、事件和事态等。文章的最后一 句或最后一段,往往是故事发展的结果,所陈述的事件的结论、启 示性的提示,或是对全篇文章的概括。因此,先读一读末句对理解 文章是很有帮助的。 第二步:结合选项,综合考虑,初选答案。 在理解全文意思的基础上,结合所给备选项再次细读全文。联系上、下文内容。注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项 中寻找解题的提示。以词、句的意义为先,再从分析句子结构人手,根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑,对备选 项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选,排除干扰项,初步选定答案。有把 握的先做,没有把握的“跳过”。 第三步:先易后难,瞻前顾后,各个击破。

对比较明显、自己最有把握的答案先做,一下子不能确定答案的,先跳过这一空格,继续往下做,最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文,随着对短文理解的深入,自然就会降低试题的难度,提高选择的正确率。 值得一提的是,近年来的高考完形填空,已很少有纯粹的语法题材。完形填空主要考查考生根据不完整的上下文,推断出文段发展 走向的逻辑思维能力,其考查的重点不是语法和词法的知识。任何 一篇文章的句子结构和内容上不会孤立存在,句子与句子之间是有 很强的逻辑关系的。因此,必须借助上下文的一些暗示才能正确解题。 第四步:复读全文,逐空验证,弥补疏漏。 做完所有的空格后,把所选的答案补入空格中,把文章通读一遍,逐空认真复查,看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章,语法结构是否正确,是否符合习惯表达法,发现误选的答案或 有疑问的、不清楚的答案,再次推敲,作出修正。 猜你喜欢:

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