初中英语陈述句讲解

陈述句

1、概念：说明一个事实或是陈述说话人的看法的句子，句末用句号。

2、分类：陈述句根据其语法结构，可大体分为“主语+谓语”和“主语+连系动词+表语”两种；而从语气的角度分，又可分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句（1）“主语+谓语”结构

①肯定陈述句

I like that book.我喜欢那本书。（陈述一个事实） I really agree.我确实同意。（陈述一个观点）②否定陈述句

I did not buy the TV.我没有买那个电视。（陈述一个事实）

请注意它们其中一个是带有宾语的，一个是不带宾语的。这两个例子的共同特点是都有一个主语和一个谓语，都是陈述肯定的事实或观点。

（2）主语+连系动词+表语结构

①肯定陈述名

The film is boring . 这部电影没意思。（陈述观点）

②否定陈述句

Smoking is not good for your health.抽烟对你的健康没有好处。（陈述一个事实）

3、陈述句的否定结构：

陈述句的否定式主要用两种结构来表达：

（1）句子的谓语动词为be , have 或者谓语动词有助动词、情态动词

时，其否定结构为：

主语+谓语动词/助动词/情态动词 + not + 其他成分

I am not a teacher. 我不是老师。

We have not (haven`t) any books on animals. 我们没有任何有关动物方面的书。The children are not (aren`t) playing in the playground. 孩子们没在操场上玩。

He will not (won`t) come. 他不会来。

We must not (mustn`t) forget the past. 我们不能忘记过去。

It could not (couldn`t) be lost. 它不可能丢的。

（2）当句子的谓语动词是do (即行为动词)，而且没有助动词或情态动词时，其否定结构为：主语+do (does,did) + not + 动词原形 + 其他成分

（3）You do not (don`t) come here every day . 你没有每天都来这里。 He does not (doesn`t) teach this class . 他不教这个班。

（4）They did not(didn`t) watch TV last night . 昨晚他们没看电视。

（5）注意：陈述句的语调一般用降调。但在表示疑问的语气时，用升调，在书面上要用问号来表示。

（6） You really want to go to Hong Kong ? 你真的想去香港吗？

（7）这句话表示的是一种疑问，只不过是通过陈述的语序和疑问的语气来表达的

疑问句

疑问句可再分为一般疑问和特殊疑问两种。

1.一般疑问：用be或助动词或情态动词置于句首，并以“Yes，…”，或“No，…”或相当于yes / no回答的问句称为一般疑问句.

2. 含系动词be的一般疑问句的构成

具体地说,am 只能跟在第一人称的单数 I 后面,are 搭配 you, 不管是单数还是复数,is 跟在第三人称单数 he, she 后面,be 动词的基本意思：是

如： I'm in Class 2, Grade 1. →Are you in Class 2, Grade 1? 你是在一年级二班吗?(如遇第一人称，最好将其置换成第二人称)

It's a map of China. →Is it a map of China? 这是一幅中国地图吗？ be 或 have （有）置于句首来表达疑问，例：

Is it your bicycle? （这辆自行车是你的吗？） Yes, it is. （是的，是我的。）

Have you money with you? （你身上带钱了吗？）（=Do you have money with you?）

Yes, I have.（Yes, I do.）（有，我带钱了。）

3. 含情态动词的一般疑问句的构成

一般疑问句面前人人平等：情态动词与am / is / are一样，也可直接将它们提至主语前，所以问题迎刃而解了。如：

I can spell it. →Can you spell it? 你会拼写它吗？

4. 含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成

含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成稍微有点讲究，要在句首加do；如逢主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词为一般现在时单数第三人称形式 "v-(e)s"时，用does,并要将谓语动词变回原形(如has→have，likes→like等)；有时陈述句中的some 还要变作any等。如：

She lives in Beijing.→Does she live in Beijing? 她住在北京吗？

I like English. →Do you like English? 你喜欢英语吗？

There are some books on my desk.→Are there any books on your desk?

Do you speak Japanese? （你会说日语吗？） Yes, I do.（是的，我会说。）No, I don’t.（不，我不会说。）

7. 一般疑问句的应答

用yes / no(或相当于yes / no的词)回答，并怎么问怎么答(句首为情态动词/am / is / are还是do /does)如：

① -Is Mary a Japanese girl? 玛丽是日本女孩吗？

-Yes, she is. / No, she isn't. 是的，她是。/不，她不是。

② -Can Lily speak Chinese? 莉莉会说中国话吗？

-No, she can't. / Sorry, I don't know. 不，她不会。/对不起，我不知道。

II. 特殊疑问句

1. 定义以特殊疑问词开头，对陈述句中的某一部分提出疑问 / 进行发问,回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答，不用yes或no,的句子叫特殊疑问句。

2. 特殊疑问词 what， where， which， what class， what time， what number； who, whom, whose,how，how many， how old， how much等。

3. 特殊疑问句的构成特殊疑问句由"特殊疑问词+一般疑问句"构成： What's this in English? 这个用英语怎么讲？ 5. 对特殊疑问句的答复小扫描疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，疑问代词一般都放在句首，并在句中作为某一句子成分。如： What is this? （what作表语）这是什么？ what color is it ? 什么颜色?

What are you talking about?你在说什么？回答特殊疑问句，不能用"yes / no"；但可用"到什么山上唱什么歌"来形容对特殊疑问句的应答- -即问什么答什么(尤其是简略回答更明显)。如： -How old is your sister? 你妹妹今年多大了？ -She's only five. / Only five. (她)才5岁。

1.对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问，疑问词用what

2.询问天气。“How +be +the weather...？”与“What +be +the weather like...？”意思相同。例如：

How is the weather today? = What's the weather like today? 今天天气如何？

3)对指人名词或代词提问用who

4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whose。

eg. Li Ping's coat→Whose coat, my father→Whose father

5)对具体时间提出疑问，如 in the morning,last Sunday等，疑问词用when；对具体几点提问，疑问词应用what time。

6)对具体地点提出疑问，疑问词应用where。

7)对表原因的从句提问，常见的有because引导的从句，疑问词应用why。

8)对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词How。

9)对数量提出疑问，疑问词为How many，要注意how many必须跟名词的复数形式。 eg. two hundred sheep→How many sheep

10)对价格提出疑问，疑问词用How much。 eg. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater. _____How much_did you pay for the sweater?

How much is the computer? = How much does the computer cost? = What's the pri ce of the computer? 这台电脑的价格是多少？

11)对时间长度提出疑问，疑问词应用How long。

12)对时间频率，如 once a year, twice a week等提问，疑问词用How often。 How often do you visit your grandma?

13)对具体次数，如 once, twice, three times等提问，疑问词用How many times。

15)对距离提出疑问，疑问词用How far。

16)另外，对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问，则分别用 What's the date?

What day is it ? 如果是过去时间，就用was代替is。 What's the weather like?

2017年中考英语单项选择专题练习16《陈述句和疑问句》

1.掌握陈述句的概念及其肯定式、否定式和除no, not以外的表示否定意义的词;

2.掌握一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句的结构及其答语。( )1. (2016·盐城)

Watch out, Peter is a little boy playing ahead on the road

A. It

B. This

C. That

D. There

( )2. (2016·东营)

— is your father? —He's an engineer in a big factory.

A. Who

B. What

C. Which

D. Where

( )3. (2016·宿迁)

—There is a beautiful park near your school, ?

—Yes. I often go walking there.

A. is there

B. isn't there

C. are there

D. aren't there ( )4. (2016·陕西)}

—Could you tell me it takes to walk to the Disneyland?

—About 20 minutes.:

A. how far

B. how long

C. how often

D. how soon

( )5. (2016·昆明):

—Jim, are these your keys? — . They're hers.

A. Yes, it is

B. No, it isn't

C. Yes, they are:

D. No, they aren't: ( )6. (2016·大连)}

— will the match between HAS and BIG be held?

—In our school stadium.:

A. When

B. Where

C. Why

D. How:

( )7. (2016·绵阳):

— is the boy with a pair of glasses? —My brother, John.

A. How

B. Who

C. Where

D. What ( )

8.(2016·长春): — do you volunteer in Old People's Home?

—Once a week. We hope to help the old more.

A. How soon

B. How many

C. How often

D. How long

( )9. (2016·厦门) —These shoes look cool. are they?

—They are on sale, only$69.

A. How much

B. How long

C. How many

( )10. (2016·来宾) There a basketball match in our school tomorrow.

A. will have

B. will be

C. are

D. is going to have

( )11. (2016·玉林、防城港、崇左)

—Do you know a wonderful football match and two basketball matches on July 75th? —Yeah. I am going to watch them on that day.

A. there will be

B. there will have

C. there are

D. there have

( )12.(2016·安顺) He can hardly stay awake because he is so tired, ?

A. is he

B. isn't he

C. can't he

D. can he

( )13. (2016·铜仁) —Is the girl in red your friend?

— . She is learning Chinese now.

A. Yes, it is

B. Yes, he is

C. Yes, she is

D. Yes, she does

( )14. (2016.上海) — Disney amusement parks are there in China? —Two.

A. How many

B. How often

C. How soon

D. How long

( )15. (2016·宿迁)

The structure of the sentence “The students visited the museum” is .

A. S+ V

B. S+V+DO

C. S+V+IO+DO

D. S+ V+DO+OC

( )16.(2016·兰州)I you can finish the exam in two hours.

A. does believe

B. do believe

C. did believed

D. do believed

( )17. (2016·郴州)

—I feel upset because I am too heavy.

— do more exercise to lose some weight?

A. Why don't

B. Why not

C. Why not to

( )18. (2016·兰州)

— will Mr. Brown be back? —In an hour.

A. How long

B. How often

C. How soon

D. How much

( )19. (2016·襄阳)

— are the students in your class? —Most of them are only fourteen.

A. How long

B. How old

C. How many

D. How often

( )20. (2016·威海)

— will you stay in England? —More than a month.

A. When

B. How soon

C. How long

( )21. (2016·武汉)

—What's the matter, Jenny?

— something wrong with my bike.

A. It is

B. There is

C. I have

D. It has

( )22. (2016·菏泽)

— teachers will you miss the most after junior high school, Lisa? —Ms. Lee and Mr. Hunt.

A. Whose

B. Which

C. What ( )23. (2016·南充)

—Is there a watermelon on the table? — .

A. Yes, there is

B. Yes, it is

C. No, there is

D. No, it isn't ( )24. (2016·黄石) —Hey, Jane. are you feeling now?

—Much better. Thanks.

A. What

B. Where

C. How

D. When

( )25. (2016.永州) David never fights with his classmates, ?

A. doe; he

B. doesn't he

C. isn't he

( )26. (2016·天水) —You didn't find the owner of the books, did you?

— . So I gave them to our teacher.

A. No, I did

B. Yes, 1 didn't

C. No, I didn't

D. Yes, 1 did ( )27. ( 2016·龙东五市) Lets go to Disneyland in Shanghai in August, ?

A. shall we

B. will you

C. won't you

( )28.(2016·济南) —Bill, does your sister have brown hair or red hair?

— . She takes after my mother.

A. Yes, she does

B. No. she doesn't

C. Brown hair

D. I don't know

( )29.(2016·宿迁) — is it from Suqian to Jiuzhai Valley?

—About 1,200 kilometers away. But I'm not sure.

A. How often C. How long

B. How soon D. How far

( )30. (2016·济宁) — can you read in English

—About 100 words a minute.

A. How far

B. How much

C. How fast

D. How many

( )31. (2015·宜宾)

Nancy, sweep the classroom, ?

A. don't you

B. do you

C. will you

D. doesn't she

( )32. (2015·汕尾)

I don't think the newly directed movie by Zhao Wei is as interesting as people say, ?

A. do I

B. don't I

C. is it

D. isn't it

参考答案

1～5：D、B、B、B、D 6～10：B、B、C、A、B 11～15：A、D、C、A、B 16～20：B、B、C、B、C 21～25：B、B、A、C、A 26～30：C、A、C、D、C 31～32：C、C

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（英语）中考英语倒装句试题经典及解析一、倒装句 1．Only _________ save his life. A. can the doctor B. the doctor can C. will the doctor D. could the doctor 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：只有医生能挽救他的生命。分析：only的倒装中一定注意他的用法，只有当only+状语（从句）至句首是才倒装这儿很明显是在强调主语doctor所以不用倒装，故选B 【点评】倒装句的用法。 2．— I can't stand （忍受） the air pollution in this city any more. It is getting more terrible. — ________. We've never had so many factories before. A. Neither I can . B. Neither can I C. So I can. D. So can I. 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：-我不能在忍受这个城市里的空气污染了，它变得更糟糕了。-我也不能，我们以前从来没有这么多工厂。Neither也不，是否定意思，位于句首，应该用倒装，故A不对；C和D应该用于肯定句中，这里是否定句。故选B。 3．—I didn't go to the cinema yesterday. What about you? —____________, because I was preparing for the project all the time. A. Nor do I B. Neither did I C. Neither am I D. Nor was I 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：—我昨天没有去电影院，你的？—我也没去，因为我一直在准备这个项目。根据句意及题干分析此题是过去也没去，所以选B。 4．—We are not allowed to bring any snacks or drinks at the school meeting. — . A. Neither are we B. Neither do we C. So are we D. So do we 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：—我们在学校会议上不被允许带任何零食和饮料。—我们也是。根据We are not allowed可知此处表示否定，并且助动词用are，故表示我们也不被允许，用Neither are we。故选A。

中考英语感叹句讲解及练习

感叹句结构解析感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。 what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种： How + 形容词+ a / an + 单数名词+ 陈述语序 How+ 形容词或副词+陈述语序 What +名词+陈述语序 What + a / an +形容词+ 单数名词+ 陈述语序 What+ 形容词+复数名词+ 陈述语序 What+ 形容词+不可数名词+ 陈述语序例： How clever a boy he is! How lovely the baby is! How carefully he is listening! How delicious the duck tastes! What noise they are making! What a clever boy he is! What wonderful ideas (we have)! What cold weather it is! What good news he has told! 感叹句的省略形式为： What a clever boy (he is)! 典型例题 1）___ food you've cooked! A. How a nice B. What a nice C. How nice D. What nice 答案D. 由于How 修饰形容词，副词；what修饰名词。且food为不可数名词，因此A，B 排除。C How + adj. 后面不能再加名词，因此只有D正确，其句型为What + adj. +n. (不可数) 2）___terrible weather we've been having these days! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 答案A. weather为不可数名词，B，D排除。C为how + adj. 后面不应有名词。只有A，符合句型What +形容词+不可数名词。 3) --- _____ I had! --- You really suffered a lot. A. What a time B. What time C. How a time D. how time 答案A.感叹句分两类： 1：What + n.+主谓部分 2：How + adj. / adv. / v.+主谓部分。本题属第一种，但省略了bad，相对于What a bad time I had! 这是个习惯用语。