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第十一篇Stage Fright
Fall down as you come onstage. That‘s an oddtrick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Vladimir Feltsman when he wasa teenager back in Moscow. The veteran cellist Mstislav Rostropovich trippedhim purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic,2 Mr. Feltsmansaid,"All my fright was gone.
I already fell. What else could happen？"
Today,music schools are addressing the problem ofanxiety in classes that deal with performance techniques and careerpreparation. There are a variety of strategies that musicians can learn tofight stage fright and its symptoms:icy fingers,shaky limbs,racing heart,blank mind.3
Teachers and psychologists offer wide-rangingadvice,from basics like learning pieces inside out,4 to mentaldiscipline,such as visualizing a performance and taking steps to relax. Don‘tdeny that you’re jittery,they urge,some excitement is natural,even necessary for dynamicplaying. And play in public often,simply for the experience.
Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests somestrategies for the moments before performance,“Take two deep abdominalbreaths,open up your shoulders,then smile,she says. ”And not one of these‘please don’t kill me‘ smiles. Then choose three friendly faces in theaudience,people you would communicate with and make music to,and make eyecontact with them.“She doesn’t want performers to think of the audience as ajudge.
Extreme demands by mentors or parents are often atthe root of stage fright,says Dorothy Delay,a well-known violin teacher. She tells otherteachers to demand only what their students are able to achieve.
When Lynn Harrell was 20，he became the principal cellist ofthe Cleverland Orchestra,and he suffered extreme stage fright. “There weretimes when I got so nervous I was sure the audience could see my chestresponding to the throbbing. It was just total panic. I came to a point where Ithought,"If I have to go through this to play music,I think I’m going to lookfor another job.”5 Recovery,he
said,involved developinghumility-recognizing that whatever his talent,he was fallible，and that an imperfect concert wasnot a disaster.6
It is not only young artists who suffer,ofcourse. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitz‘s nerves were famous. The greattenor Franco Corelli is another example.“They had to push him on stage,"SopranoRenata Scotto recalled.
Actually,success can make things worse. “In the beginning of your career,when you‘re scared to death,nobody knows who you are,and they don’t have anyexpectations,"Soprano June Anderson said. “There‘s less to lose. Later on,whenyou’r e known,people are coming to see you,and they have certain expectations.You have a lot to lose.”
Anderson added,"I never stop being nervous until I‘ve sung my last note.”
注释：
1.Stage Fright：舞台恐惧
2.The veteran cellist MstislavRostropovich tripped him purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic…资深大提琴家米提斯拉夫？罗斯特罗波维奇故意把他绊倒，因而治愈了他的上台前的恐惧症……cure somebody ofillness （problem）：医治好病（解决问题）
3.… its symptoms：icy fingers,shakylimbs,racing heart,blank mind…：……舞台恐惧的症状有：手指冰凉、四肢颤抖、心跳加快和大脑一片空白……
4.Teachers and psychologists offerwide-ranging advice,from basics like learning pieces inside out…：老师和心理学家给出了方方面面的建议，从基础的做法，比如详细地学习曲目…… inside out：in great detail详细地，从里到外地
5.I came to a point where I thought,'If I have to gothrough this to play music,I think I’m going to look for ano ther job‘。：我曾经一度认为，如果演奏音乐就必须过怯场这一关的话，那我可能得换其他工作了。
6.Recovery,he said,involveddeveloping humility-recognizing that whatever his talent,he was fallible,andthat an imperfect concert was not a disaster.：他后来说，要克服恐惧重要的是学会谦逊，即认识到不论自己多有才，总有可能会失误，一个有瑕疵的音乐会绝对不是世界末日。
练习：
1.Falling down onstage was not a good way for Vladimir Feltsman todeal with his stage fright.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
2.There are many signs of stage fright.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
3.Teachers and psychologists cannot help people with extreme -stagefright.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
4.To perform well on stage,you need to have some feelings ofexcitement.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
5.If you have stage fright,it's helpful to have friendly audience.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
6.Often people have stage fright because parents or teachers expecttoo much of them.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
7.Famous musicians never suffer from stage fright.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
答案与题解：
1.B 本文第一段讲的是钢琴家弗拉基米尔？菲兹曼被米提斯拉夫？罗斯特罗波维奇绊倒后，他的舞台恐惧被治愈的经历。
2.A 第二段的最后一句点出舞台恐惧的诸多症状为：手指冰凉、四肢颤抖、心跳加快和大脑一片空白。
3.B 本文的第三、第四、第五和第六段都在讲老师和心理学家为舞台恐惧者提供全方位的建议。
4.A 依据第三段的倒数第二句：some excitement is natural，even necessary for dynamic playing.适度的兴奋对于精彩演出是正常甚至是必要的。
5.C 第四段提到克服舞台恐惧的方法之一是：在观众中选择三位友好的面孔，与他们做眼光交流。而克服舞台恐惧是否需要观众友好文中未提。
6.A 第五段讲了舞台恐惧的根源在于指导者或父母对表演者要求太高。extreme demands就是expecttoo much of them的意思。
7.B 第七段讲的是：不只是年轻艺术家有舞台恐惧，钢琴家弗拉基米尔？霍洛维茨和男高音弗朗科？科莱里亦不能幸免。never一词不恰当。
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最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.360docs.net/doc/125413822.html,/ielts/xd.html（报名网址）PASSAGE 26 Looking to the Future When a magazine for high-school students asked its readers what life would be like in twenty years, they said: Machines would be run by solar power. Buildings would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light and heat Walls would "radiate light" and "change color with the push of a button." Food would be replaced by pills. School would be taught "by electrical impulse while we sleep." Cars would have radar. Does this sound like the year 2000? Actually, the article was written in 1958 and the question was, "what will life be like in 1978?" The future is much too important to simply guess about, the way the high school students did, so experts are regularly asked to predict accurately. By carefully studying the present, skilled businessmen, scientists, and politicians are supposedly able to figure out in advance what will happen. But can they? One expert on cities wrote: Cities of the future would not be crowded, but would have space for farms and fields. People would travel to work in "airbuses", large all-weather helicopters carrying up to 200 passengers. When a person left the airbus station he could drive a coin-operated car equipped with radar. The radar equipment of cars would make traffic accidents "almost unheard of". Does that sound familiar? If the expert had been accurate it would, because he was writing in 1957. His subject was "The city of 1982". If the professionals sometimes sound like high-school students, it's probably because future study is still a new field. But economic forecasting, or predicting what the economy will do, has been around for a long time. It should be accurate, and generally it is. But there have been some big market in the field, too. In early 1929, most forecasters saw an excellent future for the stock market. In October of that year, the stock market had its worst losses ever, ruining thousands of investors who had put their faith in financial foreseers. One forecaster knew that predictions about the future would always be subject to significant error. In 1957, H.J.Rand of the Rad corporation was asked about the year 2000, "Only one thing is certain," he answered. "Children born today will have reached the age of 43." 1. The high-school students' answers to "What would life be like in 1978?" sound A) accurate. B) imaginative. C) correct. D) foolish. 2. According to the writer, forecasting is fairly accurate in A) politics. B) science. C) sociology. D) economy. 3. Which of the following statements is not compatible with the writer's comment on future study?