讲稿为什么学不好英语词汇

讲稿为什么学不好英语词汇
讲稿为什么学不好英语词汇

讲稿为什么学不好英语词汇

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00832英语词汇学1107全国试题

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2011同等学力英语词汇班英语讲义

2011年同等学力英语词汇班讲义一、英语核心词汇 A absence access account achievement absorb accept accident amuse argue accompany accurate acquire abuse accomplish accuse aspect academic accordingly accustomed adapt addition adjust adopt advantage advance advisable affect afford annual announce alike allowance alter amaze amount annoy anxiety apparent appeal appear apply appointment appreciate approach appropriate approve arise arouse arrest artificial assemble asset assess assert assume assure athlete atmosphere attach attack alarm attend attitude attract attribute audience authority available avoid award aware awful awkward arrange associate astonish approximate analyze ancient ambition apology average attempt ashamed B bacteria baggage balance bankrupt bare barely bargain barrier beam behalf benefit besides bitter blank blast boast bold boom boost boring bound breed brilliant budget bump bunch bundle burden burst bachelor battle bear beyond blame band block blast bother brand brief bulk C campaign cancel capable capacity capital cash casual cause capture calculate central challenge

国际象棋常用英语词汇讲课稿

国际象棋常用英语词汇 Chess国际象棋 King王(国王) Queen后(皇后) Bishop象(主教) Knight马(骑士) Rook车(城堡) Pawn兵(奴隶) Board棋盘 Position局面 Checkmate将死 Game对局对弈比赛 Openings开局 middlegame, midgame中局 Endgames残局 Tactics战术 FEN Forsyth-Edwards Notation,福斯夫-爱德华兹记录法PGN Portable Game Notation,可移植式棋局记录法。Database数据库 castle王车易位 open file开放线 pawn structure兵型

double check双将 pin牵制 fork击双(捉双) center中心 王翼kingside 后翼queenside 通路兵pass pawn 棋格square 封锁blockade 提议和棋offer draw (大)错、劣、漏、臭着blunder 规则rule 超快棋(闪电战)blitz 认输resign 记谱notation 棋子,子力(除兵之外)piece 重子heavy pieces 轻子minor-pieces board棋盘 Chess set棋具 chess player下象棋者、棋手Participane参赛者

Arbiter裁判 Master大师 winner优胜者 champion冠军 Tournament锦标赛、联赛 Match对抗赛 Olympiad奥林匹克赛correspondence chess国际象棋通讯赛team队、组 captain队长 country国家 drawing of lots抽签 number序号 round轮次 category级别 game of chess国际象棋对局 laws of chess国际象棋规则 Colour颜色 White白棋 Black黑棋 piece棋子 square格

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Explain the following terms 一1) free morpheme/ A free morpheme is one that can be uttered发出,表达alone with meaning. It can exist on its own without a bound morpheme. In the traditional sense, a free morpheme is a word. 例如hand ,eat, get 2) bound form/never used as sentences. – ess in countess, lioness and duchess –ish in boyish, childish and greenish –s in hats, books and cups 3) function words/ function words are often short words, they do not have much lexical meaning and some of them have no lexical meaning of their own; They are often short words such as determiners限定词, conjunctions连词, prepositions介词, auxiliaries辅助物, and so forth. 如to, the , of , by 4) content words实词/ They are used to name objects, qualities, actions, processes or states, and have independent lexical meaning. They are the nouns, main verbs, adjectives形容词and adverbs副词of a language. 二1) syntheti c综合的language / inflectional grammatical markers, French, German and Russian. 2) analytic language/word order, prepositions or auxiliary verbs , English and Chinese 3) Indo-European family of languages/ Europe and parts of Southern Asia Eight groups 三1) morphemes /The morpheme is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language, not divisible可分的or analyzable into smaller forms. 2) allomorphs/variants变体of the same morphem如im-, ir-, il- : allomorphs of the morpheme in- 3) root / is the basic unchangeable part of a word, and it conveys the main lexical meaning of the word. work able, work er, work ed, and work ing 4) stem /A stem is of concern only when dealing with inflectional morphology. Inflectional (but not derivational) affixes are added to it. It is the part of word-form which remains when all inflectional affixes have been removed. 如undesirables, undesirable; desired, desire 5) base / A base is any form to which affixes of any kind can be added. Desirable, desire - base and root, not stem; undesirable, desirable-base, not root and stem 6) inflectional affixes/A inflectional affix serves to express such meanings as plurality复数, tense, and the comparative比较的or superlative 最高的degree. 如-s, -ed, -er, -est 7) derivational affixes / When they are added to another morpheme, they derive a new word. re+write, mini+car, super+market, modern+ize, work+er 8) compounding 复合法/Compounding is a word-formation process consisting of combining two or more bases to form a compound word 9) derivation 派生法/Derivation or affixation is generally defined as a word-formation process by which new words are created by adding a prefix or a suffix or both to the base 10) conversion 转化法/Conversion is a word-formation process in which a word of a certain word-class is shifted into a word of another word-class without the addition of an affix. 11) initialism/It is a type of shortening, using the first letters of words to form a proper name, a technical term, or a phrase. 12) acronym首字母缩略词/Acronyms are words formed from the initial letters of the name of an organization or a scientific term, etc. Acronyms differ from initialisms in that they are pronounced as words rather than as sequences of letters. 13) blending拼缀/Blending is a process of word-formation in which a new word is formed by

词汇学复习整理

Chapter 1 LEXICOLOGY: Lexicology is the science of words, which is concerned with the study of vocabulary of a given language. It deals with words, the origin, development, history, structure, meaning and application. In short, it is the study of the signification and application of words. Chapter 2 1.The history of English language History of English language can be divided into Old English(450AD-1150AD), Middle English (1150AD-1500AD), and Modern English (1500AD-present). 2.Classification of English words English words can be divided into different groups in terms of the origin, the level of usage and the notion. By origin Native words (Anglo-Saxon/ old English) Loan words (borrowed) By level of usage: 5 categories Standard/ popular word/ common words Literary words Colloquial words Slang words Technical words By notion Content words: They have the independent lexical meaning, e.g. noun, verb, adjective, adverb. Function words: They are determiners, conjunctions, prepositions, auxiliaries, and grammatical signals, functional makers. Pick up the slang words and explain. 1.Father said nix to our plan, so we couldn’t go to the museum. (nothing, no) 2.When the buck leads, the world suffers. (money, dollars) 3.He says he’ll be a great writer but that’s a lot of boloney; he’ll never be. (nonsense) 4.I’ll clobber you if you don’t do what you’re told, said the angry father. (beat sb. repeatedly) 5.I think I’m just a hick at heart. (a foolish person from the country) 6.He thought his idea was wonderful, but in fact, it was complete rot. (nonsense) Chapter 3 Compounding: refers to the faculty and device of language to form new words by combining or putting together old words, e.g. schoolboy. Derivation: derivation is "Used to form new words, as with happi-ness and un-happy from happy, or determination from determine. Conversion: the creation of word from an existing word without any change in form, e.g. the adjective clean becomes the verb clean.

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二、词汇教学,提升英语价值 词汇是英语语言的基本构成要素,不同词汇组合到一起构成了英语语句。因而,初中生在学习英语课程时必须要掌握相关词汇的具体含义,从而有助于提升学生的英语水平。英语词汇教学应注重学生理解、应用、表达等方面的能力培养,这对于初中英语教学有着显著的教育价值。学生在初中阶段接触英语课程时容易混淆知识内容,对小学、初中英语的差异性把握不准,这对后期初中英语学习是不利的。英语词汇教学对学生英语知识应用能力的培养大有帮助,教师在词汇教学中能让学生接触到不同词汇的具体运用方式,对各词汇的具体含义有深刻的理解。此外,当学生掌握足够的词汇量以后,教师也可为学生搭建词汇应用平台,使其能充分发挥自己的英语才能。 三、探究引导,锻炼词汇能力 词汇是英语知识的基本构成,“探究引导”是英语词汇教学的有效方式,教师通过引导学生参与词汇学习以激发其大脑潜能,对英语词汇能有充足的记忆与理解。1、创造探究机会。初中英语词汇内容丰富多样,不同学生对词汇知识的理解存在差异。为了让所有学生的词汇能力得到锻炼,教师应努力创造探究机会,让学生有机会参与探究活动。面对初中新教材改革,我则要求学生在学习中对新、旧词汇进行总结,如kickback(回扣),hippie(嬉皮士),special economic zone(经济特区),yumcha(饮茶),realwoman(淑女);eyeball(观察),cowboy(莽

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Introduction 绪论 0.1 The nature and Domain of English lexicology 英语词汇学的定义及研究范围 Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and meanings of words. 词汇学是语言学的一个分支,研究词汇的起源和意义。 English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the morphological structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantic structures, relations, historical development, formation and usages. 英语词汇学研究英语词汇的形态结构、词的对应及其语义结构、词义关系、词的历史演变、词的构成及词的用法等。 English lexicology is a theoretically-oriented course. 英语词汇学是一门理论性课程。 It is chiefly concerned with the basic theories of words in general and of English words in particular. 该课程主要论述词汇学的基本理论,特别是英语词汇的理论知识。 However, it is a practical course as well, for in the discussion, we shall inevitably deal with copious stocks of words and idioms, and study a great many usage examples. 但是,英语词汇学也是一门实践性课程,在该书的论述中,我们将遇到大量的词汇和习语,学习大量词汇用法实例。 Naturally, there will be a large quantity of practice involved. 当然,同时还要接触到大量的词汇练习。 0.2 Its Relation to Other Disciplines 英语词汇学与其它学科的关系 English lexicology itself is a subbranch of linguistics. 英语词汇学是语言学的一个分支。 But it embraces other academic disciplines, such as morphology, semantics, etymology, stylistics, lexicography. 但它却与其他学科相关,如形态学、语义学、词源学、文体学和词典学等。 Each of them has been established as a discipline in its own right. 而这些学科都各成一门学科。 Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of morpheme construct. 形态学是语法学的一个分支,主要通过运用词素(形位)结构研究词的结构或形式。 This is one of the major concerns of lexicology, for we shall discuss the inflections of words and word-formation and examine how morphemes are combined to form words and words to form sentences. 这是词汇学研究的主要内容之一,因为研究词汇就必需讨论的屈折变化和构词法,考察词素如何构成词、词如何构成句子。 Etymology is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. 词源学研究词的形式和意义的起源及其历史变化。 Modern English is derived from the languages of early Germanic tribes with a fairly small vocabulary. 现代英语源于词汇量颇小的古日尔曼语。 We shall study how this small vocabulary has grown into a huge modern English vocabulary and explain the changes that have taken place in the forms and meanings of words. 我们将研究这门词汇量很小的语言是如何发展成为词汇量庞大的现代英语,并解释英语词汇的形式和意义是如何变化的。 Stylistics is the study of style. 文体学研究文体。 It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular context for special effects. 主要对语用者在特定语境中如何选择语言要素(即如何选择用词、句型等)以达到特定的表达效果进行观察研究。 Among the areas of study: lexis, phonology, syntax, graphology, we shall concentrate on lexis, exploring the stylistic values of words. 在文体学所研究的词汇、音系学、句法学和书写法范围中,我们主要研究词汇,探讨词汇的文体价值。Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form, meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a pragmatic difference. 词典学和词汇学探讨同样的问题:词汇的形式、意义、词汇的起源及用法,但两者在语用上还有差异。 A lexicographer’s task is to record the language as it is used so as to present the genuine picture of words to the reader, providing authoritative reference, whereas the student of lexicology is to acquire the knowledge and information of lexis so as to increase their lexical awareness and capacity of language use. 词典学家的任务是实录词汇的用法并把词汇用法的真实情形呈现给读者,为其提供权威性的参考;而词汇学家则是研究词汇的知识和信息,以增强读者对词汇的了解和语言的使用能力。 Though English lexicology has a wide coverage of academic areas, our task is definite and consistent. 英语词汇学的研究范围很大,但我们的任务是明确而系统的。 That is to study English words in different aspects and from different angles. 即从不同角度研究英语词汇的各个方面。0.3 Method of Study 英语词汇学的研究方法 There are generally two approaches to the study of words, namely synchronic and diachronic. 一般来说,词汇研究有两种

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英语词汇学 英语词汇学习题3及答案讲课稿

英语词汇学英语词汇学习题3及答案

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anthracite无烟煤, lignite 褐煤, bituminous coal 烟煤, graphite 石墨coke 焦炭, liquefaction 液化, gasification 气化,hydrogenation 加氢 Coal assay 煤质分析, moisture 水分Volatile content 挥发分Ash content 灰分Fixed carbon 固定碳Relative density 相对密度Particle size distribution颗粒粒度组成 Float-sink test 浮沉试验Abrasion test 磨耗试验Specific energy 比能 Ash fusion test 灰融试验Crucible swelling index坩埚膨胀序数Energy output 发热量 矿石粒度size of the ore,有用矿物颗粒grains of valuable minerals 细粒嵌布finely disseminated,低品位矿石low grade ore 解离度degree of liberation ,光学性质optical properties 磁性magnetic properties,导电性electrical conductivity propertie run-of-mine ore 原矿, ore dressing 选矿, milling选矿,磨矿, metallic ore金属矿,non-metallic mineral非金属矿物,end product 最终产品,valuable mineral有用矿物gangue mineral脉石矿物, enrich 富集,concentrate精矿, tailing尾矿,recovery回收率, leaching浸出,finely dissemination细粒嵌布liberation解离,concentration富集comminution 粉碎, crushing 破碎, grinding 磨矿, particle size 颗粒粒度degree of liberation 解离度overgrind 过磨grade 品位sorting 拣选hand selection 手选, froth flotation 泡沫浮选, pulp 矿浆, low intensity magnetic separator 弱磁场磁选机 high-intensity separator 强磁场磁选机ferromagnetic mineral 铁磁性矿物paramagnetic mineral 顺磁性magnetite磁铁矿 Non-ferrous mineral有色金属矿Non-metallic mineral非金属矿 Electrical conductivity properties导电性magnetic separation磁选, high-tension separation高压电选,Beneficiation选矿,富集, roasting煅烧,焙烧, sizing筛分, screen筛子, classifier分级机, Dewatering脱水, thickener浓密机, filter过滤机, drier干燥机. Comminution 粉碎Disseminated浸染的Associate 伴生Conveyor运输机 Stage段Reduction ratio破碎比mill 磨矿机grinding media 磨矿介质feed 给矿stress 应力Tensile stress 拉应力potential energy势能Adsorption吸附Surfactant 表面活性剂 Primary crushing 粗碎Secondary crushing 中碎Tertiary crushing 细碎 Open circuit 开路Scalping screen 棒条筛Grizzly 棒条筛Throughput 处理能力Swinging jaw动颚Jaw crusher 颚式破碎机Gyratory crusher 旋回破碎机 Impact crusher 冲击式破碎机Cone crusher 圆锥破碎机Roll crusher辊式破碎机sieve bends 弧形筛shaking screens 振荡筛reciprocating screen 往复筛gyratory screens 回转筛vibrating screens 振动筛 screening 筛分screen 筛子coarse material 粗粒物料efficiency 效率undersize 筛下,筛下物oversize 筛上,筛上物closed-circuit 闭路 near mesh particles 难筛粒 classification分级settling rate沉降速率terminal velocity沉降末速Specific gravity比重viscosity粘度overflow溢流underflow 底流Resistance 阻力viscous resistance 粘滞阻力turbulent resistance 紊流阻力,

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