英语专业八级高级词汇

英语专业八级

1. abide by(=be faithful to obey)忠于；遵守。

2. be absent from…. 缺席，不在

3. absence or mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉

4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被动语态):be absorbed in 全神贯注于…近:be engrossed in be lost in be rapt in be concentrated on be focused on be centered on

5. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有

6. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解

7. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外. Without accident(=safely) 安全地,

8. of one’s own accord(=without bein g asked; willingly; freely)自愿地,主动地

9. in accord with 与…一致/ out of one’s accord with 同….不一致

10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地

11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据

12. on one’s own account 1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益

2) (=at one’s own risk) 自行负责

3) (=by oneself)依靠自己on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of …account 有…重要性

13. take…into account(=consider)把...考虑进去

14. give sb. an account of 说明, 解释(理由)

15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明.

16. on account of (=because of) 由于,因为.

17. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)

18. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. blame sth. on sb. complain about) 指控,控告

19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于.

20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉

21. act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理

22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于

23. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要)

24. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之

25. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外

26. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe,

opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循

27. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的

28. adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应;

29. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能，留有…的余地.

30. in advance (before in time) 预告, 事先.

31. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地.

32. have an advantage over 胜过. have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事

33. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用.

34. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意

35. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致

36. ahead of 在…之前,超过ahead of time 提前.

37. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体. 2)在谣传中.

38. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的.

39. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共, 总计

40. after all 毕竟,到底; (not) at all 一点也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but几乎.

41. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到.

42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于.

43. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对…负责.

44. answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合.

45. be anxious about 为…焦急不安; 或anxious for

46. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉

47. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力

48. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请; apply for申请; apply to 适用.

49. apply to 与…有关;适用

50. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成, approve vt. 批准

51. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起.

52. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排…做…

53. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方);

54. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以…为羞耻

55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保证, 使…确信.

56. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系结

57. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…

58. attend to (=give one’s attention, care and thought)

注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料

59. attitude to/ toward …对…的态度.看法

60. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把..归因于.., 认为..是..的结果

61. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均

62. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道.

63. at the back of (=behind) 在…后面

64. in the back of 在…后部(里面); on the back of 在…后部(外面); be on one’s

back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起.

65. at one’s back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持,维护; have sb. at one’s back 有…支持, 有…作后台

66. turn one’s back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃

67. behind one’s back 背着某人(说坏话)

68. be based on / upon 基于

69. on the basis of 根据…, 在…基础上

70. beat…at在…运动项目上打赢

71. begin with 以…开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(经常用于开始语)

72. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义

73. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰.

74. benefit (from) 受益,得到好处.

75. for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处)

76. for the better 好转

77. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败, 胜过.

78. by birth 在出生上,论出身按血统at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生

79. blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人. blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上

80. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作)

81. on board 到船上,在船上,上火车或飞机

82. boast of (or about) 吹嘘

83. out of breath 喘不过气来

84. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之

85. in bulk 成批地,不散装的

86. take the floor 起立发言

87. on business 出差办事.

88. be busy with sth.于某事。be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事

89. last but one 倒数第二

90. but for (=without) 要不是. 表示假设

91. buy sth. for…money用多少钱买

92. be capable of 能够, 有能力be capable of being +过去分词是能够被…的

93. in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何

94. in case (=for fear that) 万一; 95. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生…万一in the case of 至于…, 就…而言

96. in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)

97. be cautious of 谨防

98. center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上

99. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握, 一定.

100. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地,有把握地

人文知识

1. A Tale of Two Cities was written by Charles Dickens.

2. Phonology: The study of speech sounds in language or a language with reference to their distribution and patterning and to tacit rules governing pronunciation.

音位学; 在语言或一门语言中，对有关其分类和模式以及为大家所默认的发音规则的研究音韵学, 音系学

3. Syntax: The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences. 句法，研究词或其它句子成分如何联合起来形成合乎语法的句子规则的学科

4. Semantics: The study or science of meaning in language forms.语义学，以语言形式表示意思的研究或科学

5. acronym :首字母组合词，首字母缩略词，比如，NATO, UNESCO, BASIC,它们可以连拼，但VOA是Initialism。

6. Metonymy: A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated, as in the use of Washington for the United States government or of the sword for military power. 换喻或转喻，一种,一个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词或词组替换的修辞方法，如用华盛顿代替美==或用剑代替军事力量，对面来了三个“红领巾”也是，以红领巾指代少先队员。

7. Simile: A figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared, often in a phrase introduced by like or as, as in How like the winter hath my absence been or So are you to my thoughts as food to life (Shakespeare).明喻, 一种修辞手法，把两种基本不相像的东西进行比较，通常在由like或as引导的短语中，如“我的离开好象是冬天来临”或“你对我的思想就象食物对于生命一样重要”（莎士比亚）

8. Metaphor: A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison, as in a sea of troubles or All the world's a stage(Shakespeare) 隐喻一种语言表达手法，通常用指某物的词或词组来指代他物，从而暗示它们之间的相似之处，如“忧愁之海”或“整个世界一台戏”(莎士比亚) the ship of desert 沙漠之舟

9. Oxymoron: A rhetorical figure in which incongruous or contradictory terms are combined, as in a deafening silence and a mournful optimist. 矛盾修饰法, 一种把互相矛盾或不调和的词合在一起的修辞手法，如在

震耳欲聋的沉默和悲伤的乐观cruel kindness

10. The affection name given to the clock tower of the Houses of Parliament, Westminster is Big Ben.

11. John Milton the poet wrote of Adam and Eve’s expulsion from the Garden of Eden in Paradise Lost. Paradise Regained was also written by him.

12. Sonnet: A 14-line verse form usually having one of several conventional rhyme schemes. 十四行诗体, 一种由十四行组成的诗歌形式，通常有一种传统的押韵形式, 莎士比亚用过此诗体。

13. Slang: A kind of language occurring chiefly in casual and playful speech, made

up typically of short-lived coinages and figures of speech that are deliberately used in place of standard terms for added raciness, humor, irreverence, or other effect. 俚语主要出现在非正式的、游戏性的话语中的一种语言，基本由存在时间很短的派生词和修辞构成，它们被故意地用来取代标准的词语以达到生动、幽默、无礼或其它效果

14. Catch Phrase: A phrase in wide or popular use, especially one serving as a slogan for a group or movement. 警句，妙句，吸引人的词句广泛使用的或流行的用语，尤指用作集团或运动的口号的用语。

15. Jargon: The specialized or technical language of a trade, profession, or similar group. 行话, 一个行业、职业或类似的团体中使用的专业的或技术的语言. terminology

16. Platitude: A trite or banal remark or statement, especially one expressed as if it were original or significant. 陈腔滥调, 陈腐的或平庸的评论或陈述，尤指某人表述它时好象它是新颖的或有意义的

17. Hyperbole: A figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect, as in I could sleep for a year or This book weighs a ton. 夸张法,一种比喻，使用夸张来强调或产生某种效果，比如在我能睡一年或这书有一吨重

18. onomatopoeia: The formation or use of words such as buzz or murmur that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to. 象声词, 词的构成或用法，例如buzz或nurmur模仿事物或行动的声音.

19. hypotaxis: 从属关系

20. parataxis: 并列结构，指短语或分句间不用连词，如：I came, I saw, I conquered.

21. Transcendentalism: A literary and philosophical movement, associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, asserting the existence of an ideal spiritual reality that transcends the empirical and scientific and is knowable through intuition. 超验主义, 一种文学和哲学运动，与拉尔夫?沃尔多?爱默生和玛格丽特?富勒有关，宣称存在一种理想的精神实体，超越于经验和科学之处，通过直觉得以把握

22. Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote the Scarlet Letter. 美国

23. Morphology: The study of the structure and form of words in language or a language, including inflection, derivation, and the formation of compounds.词法，词态学，形态音位学, 语言或某一语言中对于单词的结构和形式的研究，包括词尾变化、派生和合成词的构成

24. affricate: A complex speech sound consisting of a stop consonant辅音followed by a fricative摩擦; for example, the initial sounds of child and joy. 塞擦音由闭塞音伴随着摩擦音而形成的复杂的语音；例如child和joy的第一个音Also called: affricative.

25. Vanity Fair 名利场was written William Makepeace Thackray

26. Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk on the moon. Edwin Aldrin, Michael Collins 尼尔．阿姆斯特朗、埃德温．奥尔德林、迈克尔．柯林斯

27. The title of the national anthem 国歌of Canada is O Canada. 此种类型题同学们可自己多找几个国家。

28. Henry David Thoreau’s work, Walden, has always been regarded as a

masterpiece of New England Transcendentalism.

29. etymology: the history of a word.

词源学

30. The dominant accent in the United States is General American. 除纽约市、南方、新英格兰

31. John Lennon is a member of the band of Beatles 披头士或甲壳虫乐队in the 1960s.

32. In Gulliver’s Travels格列佛游记, Jonathan Swift describes the island of the Houyhnhnms as the world’s most perfect society. 有理智和人性的马Houyhnhnms are horses in fact.

33. Ceoffrey Chaucer wrote Canterbury Tales in fourteenth century.

34. morpheme: A meaningful linguistic unit consisting of a word, such as man, or

a word element, such as -ed in walked, that cannot be divided into smaller meaningful parts.

词素, 一种含有一个单词的有意义的语言单位，如-ed在单词walked中，不能被划分为更小的意义单位

35. The name of the famous stadium露天体育场in the north of London is Wembley.

36. Wimbledon温布尔登[英国英格兰东南部城市](位于伦敦附近,是著名的国际网球比赛地) 37. Toad in the hole is a Traditional English recipe食谱, originating from Yorkshire, a county in the north of England. 烤面拖牛肉，，面拖烤香肠

38. Boycott: To act together in abstaining from using, buying, or dealing with as an expression of protest or disfavor or as a means of coercion（强制）. 联合抵制, 联合起来拒绝使用、购买或经销以示抗议、不满或作为强制的手段

39. Segregation: The policy and practice of imposing the social separation of races, as in schools, housing, and industry, especially so as to practice discrimination against people of color in a predominantly white society. 种族隔离,强制实行种族的社会分离政策及实践，如在学校、居住和工业中，尤指在白人居多的社会中实行有色人种歧视的政策

40. Apartheid: An official policy of racial segregation practiced in the Republic of South Africa, involving political, legal, and economic discrimination against nonwhites. 种族隔离制,南非共和国实行的一种官方的种族隔离政策，包括在政治、法律和经济诸方面对非白色人种的歧视

. 41. Integration: The bringing of people of different racial or ethnic groups into unrestricted and equal association, as in society or an organization; desegregation. 种族或宗教融合,在社会或组织中，使不同的种族或宗教派别的人处于无限制的平等的关系中；取消种族隔离

42. The majority of French-speaking Canadians live in Quebec.

43. Sir Thomas More coined the word “Utopia”, it means nowhere land in Greek.

44. The Hemingway Code heroes are best remembered for their indestructible spirit.

45. Phoneme: any one of the set of smallest distinctive speech sounds in a language that distinguish one word from another 音位，音素, 语言中最小的语音

单位，如英语里mat中的m和bat中的b

46. polysemy: 一词多义

47. patron saint：保护圣徒守护神

48. Parentese: 父母语

49. back formation: 逆构词脱落一词的词缀以构成新词

typewriter →typewrite

50. allomorph: Any of the variant forms of a morpheme. For example, the phonetic s

Of cats, z of dogs, and z of horses and the en of oxen are allomorphs of the English

plural morpheme.

语素变体:语素的一种变体形式，如语音学的中之s在cats中，z在dogs中，和iz在horses中，还有en在oxen中都是英语复数语素的语素变体

听力新闻词汇

政治新闻常用词汇

absolute majority 绝对多数

ad hoc committee 特别委员会

advisory body 咨询机构

anti-establishment反政府情绪

all-embracing agreement包罗万象的协定

arbitration 调停

bipartisan diplomacy两党一致的对外政策

carrot-and-stick 威胁利诱政策

deadlock 僵局

shoe-string majority 微弱多数

embargo 禁运

summit conference 首脑会议

abstain from voting弃权

air of tension 紧张气氛

administrative authorities行政当局

amendment 修正案

apartheid 种族隔离

bare majority勉强过半数

briefing meeting 简要新闻发布会

nonaligned country不结盟国家

congressional hearing(美国)国会意见听证会

diplomatic immunity 外交豁免权

shuttle diplomacy 穿梭外交

经贸新闻常用词汇

accumulated deficit 累计赤字

active trade balance 贸易顺差

business slump 生意萧条

dull market 萧条的市场

economic takeoff 经济起飞

broker 经纪人

reciprocal trade agreement 互惠贸易政笼dividend 红利

wholesale dealer批发商

economic recession 经济衰退

gold standard金本位

devaluation 贬值

American Selling Price美国销售价格

retailer零售商

price index 物价指数

deficiency亏损

across-the-board tariff cut talks 全面削减关税会谈demand and supply balance 供求平衡

gold reserve 黄金储备

price-curbing policy抑制物价政策

tycoon 巨头

petrodollar石油美元

non-confidence motion不信任案

stalled peace talks陷入僵局的和谈

adverse trade balance 贸易逆差

economic sanction 经济制裁

switch trade 转手贸易

fiscal year 财政年度

balance of trade贸易平衡

cash transaction 现金交易

fluctuating salary 附加工资，浮动工资

军事新闻常用词汇

active armed forces 现役武装部队

blanket bombing 地毯武轰炸

administration party 执政党

ambassador-at-large 巡回大使

anti-inflation measures 制止通货膨胀的措施agenda 议程

back number过时的人或物

bluff diplomacy恫吓外交

closed-door meeting秘密会议

diplomatic channel外交途径

memorandum备忘录

showdown 摊牌

unanimous resolution一致通过的决议belligerent powers 交战国

military expansion军备扩张

beam weapons激光束武器

scud missile飞毛腿导弹

aircraft carrier航空母舰

around-the-clock bombing 日夜不停的轰炸general armistice全面停战

adopted by consensus 经过协商一致通过alien domination外国统治

amicable relations 友好关系

apple of discord 引起不和的争端behind-the-scene maneuvering 幕后操纵budget committee预算委员会communiqué 公报

diplomatic maneuvers 外交策略

arms build-up 军备集结

unconditional surrender无条件投降armament race军备竞赛

mushroom cloud蘑菇云

scout plane侦察飞机

airlift troop空降部队

destroyer驱逐舰

sweeper扫雷艇

chemical weapon化学武器

armored corps装甲兵团

ABM(anti-ballistic missile)反弹道导弹marine corps海军陆战队

submarine潜水艇

nuclear weapon核武器

AAM(air-to-air missile)空对空导弹

科技、教育、文化、卫生新闻常用词汇academia 学术界

academic year学年

brain drain 人才外流

open classroom讨论式教学

atomic energy原子能

comet彗星

extraterrestrial外星的

hardware硬件

dispensary药房

laboratory实验室

injection注射

blood type血型

dysentery痢疾

chicken pox水痘

anemia贫血

euthanasia安乐死

industrial disease职业病

cramming system填鸭式教学法

astronomer 天文学家

chip晶体片

constellation星座

galaxy银河系

coeducation男女同

ambulance救护车

surgical department外科

inoculate注射预防针

disinfectant消毒剂

malaria疟疾

plague鼠疫

tumor肿瘤

genetic engineering遗传工程学

audio-visual aids视听教具

AIDS(acquired immune deficiency syndrome)爱滋病CAI(computer-assisted instruction)计算机辅助教学

文体、娱乐新闻常用词汇

athletics运动

record-holder记录保持者

referee(足球、拳击)裁判员

goalkeeper足球守门员

a drawn game和局

semifinal半决赛

hurdle跳栏

elimination海汰赛

hamper因故停赛

columnist专栏作家

primetime黄金时间

athlete运动员

sprint短跑

umpire(垒球、网球)裁判员

linesman边线裁判员

trial预赛

final决赛

relay race接力赛

feint假动作

intermission中场休息

audience rating收视率

acrobatics杂技

overture序曲

symphony交响曲

newsreel新闻片

rehearsal排练

relay转播

serenade夜曲

philharmonic爱乐

film festival电影节

telecast电视转播

karaoke卡拉OK

社会生活、宗教；法律新闻常用词汇assault袭击

scandal诽谤，丑闻

hijack劫机

detention拘留

surrender oneself自首

verdict判决

bail保释

electrocute电刑

accused被告

accuser原告

criminal case刑事案件

subpoena传票

acquit宣判无罪

commutation of sentence减刑population explosion人口爆炸addict吸毒上瘾者

Buddhism佛教

Hinduism印度教

Protestant新教

bishop主教

fraud诈骗

embezzlement挪用公款

contempt of court蔑视法庭

confess供认

juror陪审员

sentence判刑

capital punishment死刑

supreme court最高法庭witness证人

barrister大律师

civil case民事案件indictment起诉

amnesty大赦

dropout逃避现实者feminine liberation妇女解放Christianity 基督教Islamism伊斯兰教Catholic天主教

Baptism浸理会

mosque清真寺