高中英语书面表达中的高级结构[1]1
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书面表达中的高级结构
王道波
我
们高三英语教师在讲评书面表达时，经常告诉学生说，书面表达要得高分，就
得有高级句型和高级词汇；但很多同学在写书面表达时，总认为高级句型和高级词汇很神秘，高不可及。其实，未必如此！通过研读一些优秀的学生习作和历年高考书面表达的范文，我们发现，很多所谓的高级句型和高级词汇正是我们老师反复讲解和训练的。下面列举一些常见且高级的词汇和句型，供同学们参考。
一．高级词汇
1．occur 替换think of
Suddenly I had an idea that someon e had broken into my house. →
An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
2．devote替换spend
He spends all his spare time in reading. →
He devotes all his spare time to reading.
3．seek替换want / look for
They sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.
4．average 替换ordinary
I’m an average ( ordinary ) student.
5．but替换very
The film we saw last night was very interesting. →
The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.
The film we saw last night was anything but boring.
6．seat 替换sit
On his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.
7．suppose 替换should
He is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.
8．appreciate 替换thank
Thank you very much for you help. →
We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.
9．the case替换true
I don’t think it is the case ( true ).
10．on替换as soon as
As soon as he arrived, he began his research. →
On his arrival, he began his research..
11．due to替换because of
He arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.
12．cover替换walk/read
After covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.
13．contribute to替换be helpful/useful
Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →
Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.
14．round the corner 替换coming soon/ nearby
① The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?
② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).
15．come to light替换discover
The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →
The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.
16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself
After visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).
17．come up with替换think of
Jack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.
18．set aside替换save
Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷)
19．be of + n. 替换adj.
The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China. 20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mention
The professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.
21．can not but / can not help but替换have to do
I could not but (had to) go home.
22．more often than not替换usually
More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed. 23．lest替换so that /in order that
I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →
I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.
24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish for
I want to see you very much. →
I am long to see you.
25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.
26．more than替换very
①I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →
I’m more than glad to learn tha t you are coming in September. ( NMET 2003 )
② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷) 27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very well
He speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).
28．do sb a/the favor 替换help
Would you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?
29．the other day替换a few days ago
The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )
30．in the course of替换during
In the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.
31．the majority of替换most
The majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.
32．consist of替换be made up of
Our class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.
33．be worn out替换be tired / broken
① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).
② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.
34．become of替换happen
What do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?
35．attend to替换look after
36．on condition that替换as long as
37．nevertheless替换however
38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with
39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do
40．many a 替换many
41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing
42．a handful of替换a little / some
43．meanwhile替换at the same time
44．get to one’s feet替换stand up
45．beneath替换under
46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while
47．for instance替换for example
48．seldom替换not often
49．wealthy替换rich
50．amazing替换surprising
51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact
二．高级句型结构
◆ It句型
①It will be + some time + before…
It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.
② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.
It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.
He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）
③ It is + 被强调部分+ that…
1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.
2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our
knowledge.
◆more …than any other表示最高级
Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.
◆名词从句
① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in
the talk. ( 2004 全国卷Ⅲ )
② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.
◆（非限制性）定语从句
①The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→
The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003)
② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. (2002 北京卷)
◆分词结构
①I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing
endless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001)
② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting
people. (2004 全国卷Ⅱ)
③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 辽宁卷）
④Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（2008年湖南卷）
◆ with结构
① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty
injured.
② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in
his left hand.
◆倒装句
① The library is to the east of the teaching building. →
East of the teaching building is the library.
② Although we are tired, we are happy.→
Tired as we are, we are happy.
③ Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002 上海卷)
④May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!
（2007年湖南卷）
◆被动语态
① Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002)
② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students.
(2004全国卷Ⅳ)
③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷)
◆巧妙的改写
（1）．Only 改成no one but
Only Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.
（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.
（3）．have sb/sth do/done
The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).
（4）．变换插入语的位置
① However, they sugge st fees should be charged low. →
They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002)
② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well
you’ve learned Chinese. →
This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. (2004 全国卷Ⅰ)
(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句
Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→
Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.
(2002上海卷)
Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and
poems that are read all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）
◆其它
（1）注重句子的开头
①用with复合结构开头
With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.
With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）
With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江苏卷）
②用非谓语动词形式开头
ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.
ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.
（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）
◆◆相关过渡语
1). 表示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at last…
2). 表示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side…
3). 表示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the
contrary, nevertheless, otherwise…
4). 表示因果关系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…
5). 表示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore, in addition, on top of…
6). 表示并列关系: and, as well as, also…
7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief, to conclude…
2009年12月
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书面表达高级词汇 1.意识到realize→be aware As a member of society, I am aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society. 2.即将来临be coming soon→around the corner/ at hand An exciting event “Innovations(创新；革新) on Campus” is around the corner. 3.认真地carefully→attentively We stood around him and watched attentively. 4.此外besides/what’s more→ i n addition/ additionally In addition, we should learn how to get along well with others. 5.得到get→acquire/obtain The moral（寓意）of the story is that we should spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be. 6.对……有好处be good/ be helpful→be
of great benefit/be very beneficial/be rewarding Sports are beneficial to building our bodies. 7.改善improve→better Immediate actions should be taken, like stopping cutting down trees to better the environment. 8.结果as a result→as a consequence As a consequence, children become so reliant （依赖的；可信的）on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas. 9.令人担忧worrying→ of great concern Such a situation is of great concern. 10.擅长；精通be good at→have a good command of/have a good knowledge of Having been exposed to English for many years, I have a good command of English. 11.表达express→ convey I’m writing to convey my gratitude to you. 12.重要be important→ count/matter What matters most in learning English is
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带翻译高一英语作文范文 In everybody’s eyes, I am a good girl, because I make the good marks in the exams and help my parents to do things. Unlike other students, who will go against their parents, I follow my parents’words. I don’t think that to do something goes against the adults is the wise choice, but I do want to do something new. Recently, I want to cut my hair and make the short style. My mother doesnt agree with me, because she thinks a girl should have the long hair. This time, I insist on my idea. Finally, she supports me. Trying something new makes me feel happy and be myself. The short hair makes me look like a cool boy and I like this style. My friends admire me to have the courage to change my image.在大家眼中，我就是一个好女孩，因为我考试成绩好，还帮助父母做事。不像其他学生，会和父母作对，我很听父母的话。我认为做一些违背大人们的事情是不明智的选择，但我想做一些创新。最近，我想把我的头发剪了，留短发。我妈妈不同意我的做法，因为她认为一个女孩就应该留长头发。这一次，我坚持我的想法。最后，她支持了我。尝试新事物让我感到预约，做我自己。短发使我看起来像一个很酷的男孩，但是我喜欢这种风格。我的朋友都羡慕我有勇气去改变自己的形象。 高一英语作文范文（二）
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高级中学英语书面表达中的高级句型结构
书面表达中的高级句型结构 ◆ It句型 ①It will be + some time + before… It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars. ② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth. It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much. He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts. ③ It is + 被强调部分+ that… 1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot. 2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge. ◆more …than any other表示最高级 Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else. ◆名词从句 ① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. ② My hometown is no longer what it used to be. ◆（非限制性）定语从句 ①The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→ The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. ② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. ◆分词结构 ①I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. ② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. ③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him. ④Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor. ◆ with结构 ① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured. ② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand. ◆倒装句 ① The library is to the east of the teaching building. → East of the teaching building is the library. ② Although we are tired, we are happy.→ Tired as we are, we are happy. ③ Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. ④May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!
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1. 书面表达热点预猜（1） 假设你是李红，你的一位美国笔友Robert写E-mail问及你高考后暑假的安排，请根据以下要点，写一封100词左右的email回复他, 可以适当增加细节。 1. 学开车 2. 参加英语培训课程 3. 去北京看奥运会 4. 游览北京的名胜 注意：1.根据以上内容写一篇短文，不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。 2.要准确使用语法和词汇；使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思； 3. 词数：100个左右。开头已给出，不计词数。 Dear Robert, How time flies! ____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 【命题方向与写作提示】 高考英语书面表达写作素材都是与中学生的日常生活相关的话题，会避免出现考生不熟悉的话题，也不会出现农村或城市学生不熟悉的话题，注重考查考生的语言表达能力。本篇素材考查书信体裁的作文，是应用文的写作，话题涉及社会热点：北京奥运会，内容与中学生的实际生活相关：高考后暑假的安排，体裁是书信体的电子邮件。写作要点包括：1）问候；2）引入话题：高考临近，高考后的安排；3）学开车；4）参加英语培训课程；5）去北京看奥运会；6）游览北京的名胜；7）结束语。 【写作提示】 书面表达一定要注意要点齐全，写作中要注意适当增加细节以使上下文连贯，并使用一定数量的句式结构。 范文(One possible version) Dear Robert: How time flies! The happy days we shared often shines in my memory. What about you? As you know, my college entrance exam is approaching, which also announces the end of this sort of pressing study life. However，I intend to have a meaningful summer vacation. First, I will learn to drive to get a driving license, which is a new activity for a high school graduate in China. I will have a good rest, enjoying my hobbies. Then I will take some English courses to improve my English communication ability, With the 2008 Olympics beginning, I will be a participant of it, watching the basketball match between China and the US. I have been dreaming of Kobe’s performance long. After that, I will pay a visit to some tourist attractions to widen my horizon. That is the plan for my vacation. I am looking forward to being told about your arrangements of vacation. Give me your quick reply soon, OK? Best wishes! 2. 书面表达热点预猜（2） 如今世界粮食短缺，价格飞涨，给部分地区造成社会动荡。假设在你校开展的研究性学习中，你们小组以“World Food Crisis”为题进行研究，现在请你代表你们小组向全体同学简要介绍你们的研究成果。主要内容如下：
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书面表达高级词汇 1. 意识至U realize f be aware As a member of society, I am aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society. 2. 即将来临be coming soon f around the corner/ at hand An exciting event “Innovations（创新；革新） on Campus”is around the corner. 3. 认真地carefully f attentively We stood around him and watched attentively. 4. 此外besides/what 'smore f in addition/ additionally In addition, we should learn how to get along well with others. 5. 得至get f acquire/obtain The moral （寓意）of the story is that we should spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be. 6. 对... 有好处be good/ be helpful f be of
great benefit/be very beneficial/be rewarding Sports are beneficial to building our bodies. 7. 改善improve f better Immediate actions should be taken, like stopping cutting down trees to better the environment. 8. 结果as a result f as a consequence As a consequence, children become so reliant （依赖的；可信的）on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas. 9. 令人担忧worrying f of great concern Such a situation is of great concern. 10. 擅长；精通be good at f have a good command of/have a good knowledge of Having been exposed to English for many years, I have a good command of English. 11. 表达express f convey I'm writing to convey my gratitude to you. 12. 重要be important f count/matter What matters most in learning English is enough practice.
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高中英语竞赛书面表达中的高级结构
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高级词汇在书面表达中的运用
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