高三英语 知识讲解 高考总复习：动名词用法

高考总复习：动名词用法

编稿：陈玉莲审稿：王春霞

真题再现

1. One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them.

A. corrects

B. correct C .to correct D. correcting

2. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea.

A. attacking

B. having attacked

C. being attacked

D. having been attacked

3. It’s no use _______ without taking any action.

A. complain

B. complaining

C. being complained

D. to be complained

4. I had great difficulty _______ the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.

A. find

B. found

C. to find

D. finding

5. Lydia doesn’t feel like _______ abroad. Her parents are old.

A. study

B. studying

C. studied

D. to study

1. D。并列结构，making与correcting并列，作介词by的宾语。

2. C。prevent sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，本句中的fishing boats和attack是被动关系，所以选择C项，句意：中国最近加紧黄岩岛的水域控制来阻止中国渔船在中国南海被袭击。

3. B。句意：不采取任何行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。It’s no use doing是固定句式，所以B 项为正确答案。

4. D。句意：在那个餐馆，我很难从菜单上找到合适的食物。have difficulty/ trouble/problem (in) doing...(做……有困难)是固定搭配，所以选D项。

5. B。句意：Lydia不想出国读书，因为她的父母都老了。这里用固定搭配feel like doing sth. 表示“想要做某事”，只有B项符合搭配。

知识讲解

动名词有两个特点：它是从动词变化而来的，所以它保留了动词的某些特征，它能带自己的宾语、状语等，这时就叫动名词短语；动名词最大的特点是它相当于一个名词，因此，动名词可以在句中作主语、宾语等，动名词也有像名词一样的“所有格形式”。

动名词作主语

动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。

Fighting broke out between the South and the North.

Breathing became difficult at that altitude.

Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good.

Cheating on an exam ruins one's character.

His being elected our chairman made us think of a lot.

动名词作主语时，常用It句式。

It’s +no good (no use, fun, a pleasure, a waste of time) + doing…

It’s no good reading in dim li ght.

It’s no use sitting here waiting.

It is no use waiting for him any longer.

It's＋adj. ＋doing

It’s dangerous swimming in the sea in windy days.

It is dangerous using this method to measure the speed of light.

It is worthwhile consulting your tutor about it again.

这样用的形容词有expensive, nice, tiring等，但important, necessary则不适用于这种结构，应用不定式代替

It’s important for you to keep fit.

There is no doing ...

There is no saying what will happen next.

There is no joking about such matters.

There is no denying the fact that China has made a rapid progress in every aspect since it was founded.

There is no littering about.

动名词作定语

动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍，一般只限于单个的动名词作定语，表示“用于……的”

或表示“处于某件事情中的……”含义。

swimming pool 游泳池reading material 阅读材料

walking stick 手杖floating needle 浮针

opening speech 开幕词listening aid 助听器

waiting room 候车室running water 自来水

动名词作表语

动名词作表语的时候，注意不要与现在进行时混淆。动名词作表语，表达的是“某件事”等。Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children. （动名词）

His part-time job is promoting new products for the company. （动名词）

Reading is for sure learning, but applying is also learning to a greater extent.（动名词）

Their task is exploring oil mines in the west. （动名词）

动名词作表语，容易与现在分词作表语相混淆。动名词表语表达的是“某件事”(与不定式短语的意义相近)，而现在分词表语表示“具有某个作用”。

The situation is very much encouraging.（现在分词）

His present job is not that stimulating as he expected. （现在分词）

动名词作宾语

跟在及物动词后做宾语。

He managed to escape suffering from the disease.

After hearing the funny story, all of us couldn't help laughing ear to ear.

Excuse my interrupting you for a while.

Prof. Smith considered giving his students a reading list before they started the next chapter. When he came back home from his night shift, Jason tried to avoid wakening his family.

The suspect denied turning on the computer in the office that night.

介词后面用动名词作宾语。

I’m looking forward to your coming next time.

On hearing our delegation in London had won so many gold medals, we cheered up with great joy. They are against using so many animals in experiments.

He apologized for interrupting us.

Thank you for offering me so much help.

He is fond of watching sports-games.

动词或介词后面接动名词时，动名词短语也可以用完成时态或被动语态。

The secretary was scolded for not having finished typing the report in time.

I regret having said some rude words to my brother.

We have no idea of their having done such kind of thing.

After having been treated in the special way, he could deal with everything around him smoothly. He can't remember having been scolded by his boss for that matter.

People hate being praised for nothing.

The problem is far from being solved.

She didn't mind being left alone at home.

在need, require, want等后接-ing形式，表示被动意义，也可接不定式，但要用被动形式。Your car needs filling (to be filled).

This city deserves visiting (to be visited).

The problem requires studying (to be studied) carefully.

The trees want watering (to be watered).

后接动名词的动词和短语：【高清课堂——动名词】

admit, avoid, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, practice, postpone, resist, stand, suggest, understand, be used to, be busy, can’t help, it is no good, it is no use, there’s no point (in), keep on

记忆口诀：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否定完成停欣赏，不禁介意弃逃亡。

部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大：

forget, remember, regret后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。Don’t forget to post the letter for me.

Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport?

Remember to close the windows before you leave.

I remember writing him a letter a year ago.

We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited to attend the meeting.

They regretted ordering these books from abroad.

mean to do 打算做某事/mean doing 意味着……

I meant to catch up with the early bus.

This means wasting a lot of money.

try to do 设法尽力做某事/ doing 试着做某事

You should try to overcome your shortcomings.

Try working out the physics problem in another way.

stop to do 停下一件事去做另一件事（不定式作目的状语）/ stop doing 停止做某事

On the way to the airport, I stopped to buy a paper.

You’d better stop arguing and do as you are told.

can’t help doing 禁不住……/ can’t help to do不能帮助干……

They couldn't help jumping up at the news.

Sorry I have lots of work to do. So I can’t help to make up the room for you.

go on to do 做不同的事/ go on doing 继续不停地做某事，指同一动作的继续

He went on to talk about world situation.他接着又谈了世界形势。

We’ll go on fighting so long as there is oppression in the world.

leave off to do 离开某地去干什么（目的状语）/ leave off doing停下某事

It’s time to leave off talking and to start acting.

They left off to go fishing.

下列短语中的to为介词，后接动名词作宾语：

be used to doing 习惯于；object to 反对

devote oneself to 致力于；stick to 坚持

pay attention to 注意；respond to 回答

look forward to 期盼；see to 照料

contribute to 帮助；submit to 服从

adapt to 适应；apply to 运用

accede to 同意就任；prefer ... to... 倾向于

adjust to 使自己适应于；owe to 归咎

react to 作出反应；access to 接近，进入(某地的)方法；通路

according to 按照，依照，视……而定；be addicted to 沉溺于……，对……上瘾

动名词的复合结构【高清课堂——动名词】

动名词的复合结构为“物主代词（或名词的所有格）+动名词”。

Tom’s going home late made his mother angry.

Would you mind my opening the window?

不过，动名词的逻辑主语在遇有以下情况时，必须用名词的普通格（或人称代词的宾格）。无生命名词

The girls were afraid of the door suddenly closing.

Fire burns better by oxygen being at work.

有生命名词，但表泛指。

Have you ever heard of girls smoking?

两个或以上的有生命的名词并列。

Do you still remember my parents and me coming to see you that day?