连词的用法与练习汇总

连词的用法与练习汇总
连词的用法与练习汇总

连词的用法

一、概说

连词,是一种虚词,不能担任一个句子成分,但可以起连接的作用,即连接词与词或句与句。如:We may be leaving today or tomorrow. 我们可能今天或明天走。(连接词与词)

Now I must go or I shall be late for the party. 我现在得走,否则晚会我就要迟到了。(连接句与句)主要是包括并列连词和从属连词。在句子中,连词起连接词与词、短语与短语及句子和句子的作用。它本身在句子里不单独做句子成分。

并列连词:是用来连接语法地位相同的结构、相同的单词、短语及句子。

并列连词有:and, but, or, nor, so, for yet, however, as well as, both...and, not only...but also, either...or, neither...nor, still,

从属连词:用来引导状语从句。

从属连词有:after, when, before, as, while, since, until, till, if, unless, lest, because, than, that, whether, so that, in order that, as if, as though, although, suppose that, provided, that, as...as, now that, such...that, in case that, on condition that

二、连词的种类

连词有两类:

1)从属连词:引导从句。随着从句作用不同,它们又可分为几类:

此外还有that, whether 等从属连词可引导名词从句,在句中担任主语、宾语等。

2)并列连词:连接两个互不依从的次、短语或分句:

Slow but sure. 要慢而稳。(连接单词)

She’ll be back either this week or next week.她将在这周或下周回来。(连接短语)

I went and she went also. 我去了,她也去了。(连接分句)

三、从属连词

1. 引导时间状语从句的连词

这类连词主要有:

when:

Don’t get excited when you talk.讲话时别激动。

When he got up he felt dizzy. 他站起身时感到头晕。

while:

We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。

While she ate she grew more restless. 她一边吃一边变得更加忐忑不安。as:

As he spoke two men came up. 在他讲话时两个人走了进来。

He smiled as he passed. 他经过时笑了笑。

before:

Look before you leap. 三思而后行。

It will be five years before we meet again. 要五年后咱们才能再相见。after:

I arrived after he had left. 在他走后我到了。

I’ll tell them after you have left.你走后我在告诉他们。

until, till :

I’ll take no steps until you arrive.你来之前我不会采取什么行动。

I propose waiting till the police get here. 我建议等警察来了再说。since:

How long is it since you came to London? 你到伦敦有多久了?

It was years since I had seen her. 我有好多年没见到她了。whenever:

I go and visit him whenever I’m in town.我每次进城都去看他。

Whenever possible, they play outside. 一有机会他们就到外面玩耍。

2. 引导条件状语从句的连词

1)条件状语从句主要由if, unless, supposing(suppose)引导:

if:

I must leave if that’s the case.如果情况如此我就得走了。

He will come if asked. 如果邀请的话他会来的。

unless:

I won’t write unless he writes first.我不写信,除非他先给我写。

I’ll go there tomorrow unless it rains.除非下雨,否则我明天去那里。

supposing:

Supposing that he asks you, will you go? 假定他请你去,你会去吗?

Supposing his plan goes wrong, what will you do then?

如果他的计划出了问题,我们怎么办?

suppose:

Suppose she finds out, what shall we do then? 假如她发现了,我们怎么办?

Suppose you lost your job tomorrow, what would you do? 假定你明天失业,你怎么办?provided:

I will agree to go provided(providing) (that) my expenses are paid.

如果有人给我掏路费我将同意去。

She agreed to go and work there provided that her family could go with her.

providing:

I’ll dry the dishes, providing that you do the wa shing-up. 如果你刷盘子,我就将它们擦干。2)条件状语从句还有其他形式:

You will always have a home as long as I have anything.

只要我有家产,你就永远会有一个家。

They’ll stand by you even if you don’t succeed. 即使你不成功,他们也会支持你。

此外,as long as, so long as, in case, even if 都起连词作用。

3. 引导目的状语从句的连词

引导目的的状语从句的连词主要有下面这些:

in order that:

He left early in order that his children would not be alone in the house.

他早早动身,以免孩子们单独待在家里。

I lent him £50 in order(so )that he might go for a holiday.

我借给他50英镑,使他能去渡假。

so that:

Ask her to hurry up with the letters so that I can sign them.

让她快点把信打好,以便我能签字。

Please interpret this Chinese woman’s remarks so that I can understand them.

请翻译一下这位中国妇女的话以便我能听动。

so:

Can’t you fix it somehow so you could stay longer?

难道你不能作某种安排以便能多待些日子?

I’ll give him a map so he won’t get lost.我会给他一张地图免得他迷路。that:

She did it that he might go free. 她这样做以便他能获得自由。

I am anxious to get done that I may be back in Ireland.

我急于完成此事以便能返回爱尔兰。

lest:

He hurried on, lest she should meet him again. 他赶紧往前走,惟恐她再碰到他。He hid the money lest it should be stolen. 他把钱藏起来惟恐别人偷去

4. 引导结果状语从句的连词

1)结果状语从句主要由so…that和such…that 引导:

so…that:

He was so young that you must excuse him. 他那样年轻,你得原谅他。

He was so fat that he couldn’t get though the door.他胖得连门都过不去了。such…that:

Jim made such a noise that his sister told him to be quiet.

吉姆吵成那样,他姐姐让他安静点。

He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.

他关窗时那样使劲,连玻璃都震碎了。

They had such a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house.

他们的狗那样凶,谁也不敢走近他们家。

that 有时可以省略,特别是在口语中。

5. 引导原因状语从句的连词

1)引导原因状语从句的连词主要有because, as, since:

because:

Because it was wet he took a taxi. 由于下雨他叫了一辆出租车。

He was worried because he hadn’t had any letter from her.

他很担忧因为他没收到过她一封信。

as:

As David had a passion for walking, we started off on foot.

由于大卫喜欢走路,我们就步行出发了。

As you’re sorry, I’ll forgive you.既然你悔悟了,我就原谅你。

2)还有一些表示原因的状语从句由seeing(that),considering(that)或now that等引导:Please don’t try to back out now that everything has been arranged.

现在一切都安排好了,请不要打退堂鼓。

Now you’re here, you may make yourself useful.你已经来了,不妨帮帮忙。

3)许多用在形容词后的that从句也起原因状语的作用(that 有时可省略):

She was glad that she had controlled herself. 她很高兴控制住了自己。

I’m disappointed that they cannot come.他们不能来我很失望。

6.引导让步状语从句的连词

主要有下面这些:

although:

I didn’t know that then, although I learned it later.

那时我并不知道这事,尽管后来我知道了。

He’s very lovable although not at al l tidy. 他很可爱,虽说我一点都不整洁。though:

Though not large, the room was light and airy. 房间虽然不大,采光和通风却很好。The girl, though plain, had a kind face. 这姑娘虽然相貌平庸,却有一张善良的脸。even if:

I wouldn’t do it, even if you paid me a thousand pounds.

即使你付我一千英镑,我也不干。

I’m going to expose him even if he’s brother of mine.

尽管他是我的兄弟,我也要揭露他。

7. 引导方式状语从句的连词

1)引导方式状语从句的连词主要有as ,like, as if, as though, however:

as:

You ought to do as I tell you. 你应当照我说的做。

When at Rome, do as the Romans do. 入境随俗。

like:

She can’t draw like her sister can. 她不能象她姐姐那样画画。

Do it like I tell you. 照我告诉你的那样做。

as if:

He paused as if expecting her to speak. 他停了停,像是在期待她说话。

He glanced about as if in search of something. 他四处看了看,仿佛在找什么似的。as though:

He shivered about as though with cold. 他颤抖了一下,好象受了寒气一样。When she had finished she waited as though for a reply.

她讲完之后等了等,像是在等候回答。

however:

Arrange your hours however you like. 你的时间你可以随意安排。

You may use it however you like. 你可以随意使用它。

In one’s own home one can act however he wishes.在家里你愿干什么就干什么。

2)the way

He doesn’t spe ak the way I do. 他不像我这样说话。

I was never allowed to do things the way I wanted to do them.

他们从不让我按自己的意愿行事。

8. 引导地点状语从句的连词

1)引导地点状语从句的连词有where, where, everywhere:

where:

I’ll drive you where you’re going.你到哪儿我都可以开车送你去。

Please keep sitting where you are. 请仍坐在原处。

wherever:

Wherever he is he’ll be thinking of you.不管他在哪里,他总会想着你。

We’ll go wherever you say.你说哪里我们就到哪里。

everywhere:

Everywhere they appeared there were ovations. 他们所到之处都有人欢呼。Everywhere he went, he was introduced as the current US champion.

不管他到哪里,人们都介绍他是当前的美国冠军。

2)no matter where 也可以引导地点状语:

Keep your mobile phone with you no matter where you are.

不管在哪里你都要带着手机。

9. 引导比较状语从句的连词

引导比较状语从句的连词是than和as:

than:

You sing better than I do. 你的歌唱的比我好。

They work harder than we do. 他们比我们勤奋。

as:

You know as much about that as I do. 对这事你了解得和我一样多。

That’s not so simple as it sounds.那事并不像听起来那么简单。

10. 引导其他从句的连词

1)引导主语从句和宾语的连词有that和whether, if 可以引导宾语从句:

that:

She always complains that he is down on her. 她老是抱怨他看不起她。

I’ll prove to the world that he was right.我要向全世界证明他是对的。whether:

I don’t know whether you like flowers.我不知道你喜不喜欢花。

I’ll see whether I can induce him to accept it.我要看看我能否劝说他接受这东西。if:

I wonder if It’s large enough.不知这够不够大。

He asked if would show him the way. 他问我可否给他带路。

2)that和whether 还可以引导标语从句或同位语从句:

that:

The fact is that he doesn’t really try.事实是他没有真正去努力。

The reason was he was afraid. 原因是他害怕。

whether:

The point is whether we ought to recommend him. 问题是我们是否应当推荐他。3)that和whether还可以用在形容词之后:

I am certain that I posted the letter. 我肯定这信我发了

He wasn’t sure whether he ought to laugh or cry.他啼笑皆非。

四、并列连词

1. 并列连词and和or

1) and 和or 是用得最多的并列连词,可以连接:

a. 两个并列的动词:

We were singing and dancing all evening. 整个晚上我们都在唱歌跳舞。

He started to shout and swear. 他开始又喊又骂。

b. 名词、形容词等:

She was sweet and amiable. 她甜美和蔼。

Would you like fish or beef? 你要鱼还是牛肉?

c. 两个并列的分句(句子):

I said it and I meant it. 我说话算数。

2)and 可连接两个分句,表示“只要…就”:

Utter one word and you are a dead man! 说一句话就要你的命!

Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 他会得寸进尺。

3)or可连接分句,表示“只要…就”:

Don’t drive so fast or you’ll have an accident.别开这么快,不然你会出车祸。

2. 表示意思转折的连词

表示意思转折的连词主要有but, yet:

1) but主要连接2个并列的分句:

All this he did, but it had no effect at all. 这一切他都做了,但一点都不起作用。

The weather will be sunny but cold. 天气会晴朗但很冷。

He tried to save it, but in vain. 他努力想救活它,但没用。

2)yet 主要连接两个分句:

They are ugly and expensive, yet people buy them. 他们又丑又贵,但人们还是要买。

It is strange, yet true. 这很奇怪,却是真的。

She’s a funny girl, but yet you can’t help liking her.

她是个奇怪的姑娘,但你禁不住会喜欢她。

3)however, nevertheless, still 等为副词,但可起连接作用,表示意思的转折:

however:

His first response was to say no. Later, however, he changed his mind.

他的第一反应是不行,但后来他改变了主意。

nevertheless:

They hadn’t trained hard, nevertheless (but) they won.

他们并没有努力训练,但还是打赢了。

still:

It’s raining; still I’d like to go.天在下雨,但我还是要去。

all the same:

She is naughty, all the same we have to laugh at her jokes.

她很调皮,但对她的恶作剧我们还是要发笑。

3. 表示因果的连词

1)for可以表示“因为”但引导的不是从句,而是分句,对前面情况加以解释,常用逗号把它和前面的分句分开,这在书面语中计较多见(口语中多用because, as , since等):

The days were short, for it was now December. 白天很短,因为现在已经是十二月。

它还可以表示为什么有前面的看法(此时不能用because, as, since):

She must have gone out early, for she had not shown up at breakfast.

她肯定一早出去了,因为她没来吃早饭。

2)so 表示结果,可译为“因此”、“所以”:

Our cases were heavy, so we took a taxi. 我们的箱子很重,因此我们坐了出租车。

3)therefore 为副词,也表示同样的意思,可放句前:

He had gone; she therefore gave the money to me.

他走了,于是她把钱给了我。

4)hence 也是副词,也表示类似意思,多用在说理性文章中,且多用在分句或句子开头:My mother is by herself; hence I must go home now. 我妈一个人在家,因此我得回去了。

初中英语连词练习

1. He can speak English_______ Chinese.

A. but

B. also

C. so

D. and

2. Physics is not so easy, _______I like it very much.

A. but

B. or

C. since

D. because

3. Will Tom wait for her at home ______ at the library?

A. or

B. as

C. so that

D. both

4. She has a son _______ a daughter.

A. but

B. and

C. so

D. or

5. I'll give her the gift ______ she arrives.

A. so

B. before

C. as soon as

D. since

6. Tom was ____ill that we had to send for a doctor.

A. so

B. very

C. and

D. too

7. The woman was____ angry_____ she couldn't speak anything.

A. neither…nor

B. either…or

C. both…and

D. so…that

8. ______we got home it was very late.

A. When

B. While

C. Because

D. As

9. We heard clearly_____ she said.

A. what

B. which

C. before

D. because

10. I can't sleep well at night, ______I often feel very tired in the day.

A. so

B. because

C. and

D. or

11. When you're learning a foreign language, use it, ______ you will lose

it.

A. but

B. or

C. then

D. and

12. --- Can you play football?

--- Yes, I can, ______ I can't play it very well.

A. or

B. and

C. but

D. so

13. Study hard, ______ you will fall behind.

A. and

B. but

C. so

D. or

14. My favorite is action movie ______ I think it's exciting.

A. and

B. because

C. but

D. so

15. The boy is very smart, ______ many of his classmates like him.

A. but

B. so

C. or

D. for

16. He has never heard______ seen such a thing before.

A. nor

B. and

C. or

D. since

17. _________ John _______I are policemen.

A. Neither ... nor

B. Either ... or

C. Both ... and

D. Not only... but also

18. Mr Smith teaches ______well ______ his lessons are not easily

forgotten.

A. very ... that

B. quite ... but

C. so ... as

D. so ... that

19. He didn't go to sleep ______he finished his homework.

A. till

B. before

C. after

D. until

20. I didn't buy the dictionary yesterday ________ my aunt would give

me one.

A. until

B. because

C. if

D. before

21. The runner fell _______ he quickly got up and went on running.

A. or

B. and

C. but

D. down

22. Wait for me in the room _______ I come back.

A. until

B. and

C. so

D. or

23. I'll return the books to the library ______ soon as possible.

A. as

B. so

C. just

D. but

24. Go along the road, _______ you'll find the market at the end of it.

A. when

B. and

C. or

D. though

25. You'll be late ______ you don't get up early tomorrow morning.

A. if

B. when

C. before

D. until

26. It was late. She washed her face ______ went to bed.

A. or

B. and

C. so

D. but

27.He shouted aloud ______he ran alone.

A.after

B. before

C. when D .as

28.Please return the book to me _____you come back.

A. as soon as

B. when

C. while

D. as

29..Ring me up____ you come to my house.

A. though B as C. before D .then.

30. I must stop writing now ,______I have rather a lot of work to do.

A .a

B .so C. when D. since

31.The bus didn’t leave _____ everyone get on .

A .after

B .while

C .until D. when

32.I’ll leave a message _____ he will know where we are .

A .so that B. as soon as C. for D. that

33. My sister is ____young ____he can’t go to school .

A, too , to B. enough; to C. so that D. as ;as

34. His brother got up earlier ____ he could catch the bus .

A. as if B .so C . so that D .than

35 .It is almost three years ____I saw he last .

A .when B. since C. after D. that

36.---I’m going to the supermarket .

----Will you get me some chocolates ____you are here ,mum .

A .since

B because

C if

D . while

37 .Mr Green came to China in 2000,______he has lived here ever since.

A . and B. or C .but D. for

38 .____ they are brothers , they don’t look like each oth er at all.

A, Because B .Though C. When D, As

39 .I know nothing about it ____ my brother told me yesterday.

A .because B. since C. until d. so

40. He failed _____ because he isn’t clever ______ because he didn’t

work hard.

A.not only …but also

B.both …and

C. either …or

D.not …but

41.The teacher wondered why he had ____questions.

A. so much B .so many C such much D . such many

42. We were swimming in the lake ____suddenly the storm started .

A. when

B. while C until D . before

43. We can_____ see ____touch the air .

A .not only ,but also

B .both, and

C .either ,or

D .neither ,nor

44.You can____ stay at home _____ go to my hometown with me .

A.not ,only

B.either and C .both or D. either or

45. We left in _____a hurry _____we forgot to lock the door .

A.so , so

B. so ,that C .such ,that D .such so

46. __Judy, you look so tired.

__Yes. I did not go to bed ____ it was twelve last night.

A . when B. unless C. until D. after

47. She was so interested in the book that she has read it for three hours

____ she realized it.

A. until

B. before

C. after D .when

48.Jack spend much money on books ____ he is so rich.

A.though

B. when

C. if

D. because

49John feel asleep ____ he was listening to the music.

A. after

B. before

C. while

D. as soon as

50. She does not feel like playing basketball now, ____, she is not good

at it.

A.so

B. or

C. but

D. besides

51.Mother is ill,_____ Father cooked for us instead.

A. but

B. or

C. so

D.and

52.--It’s 9 o’clock now .I must go .

---It’s raining outside .Don’t leave _____it stops.

A. when

B. since

C. while D .until

53.Would you like to go to the concert with me?

---I’d love to ___ I can’t .

A. or

B. but

C. so

D. and

54. --Our holiday cost a lot of money .

---Did it ?Well ,that doesn’t matter ____you enjoyed yourselves.

A. if B unless C while D. or

55.He didn’t come to school yesterday ,____he was ill.

A. if

B. because

C. when

D. before

56.--Can you guess who will be the first to cross the finish line ?

--Sandy. Jane didn’t run so fast _____ she did last time.

A. than

B. so C .that D as

57 Nothing can stop the sandstorm ____ more and more trees are planted.

A. unless

B. if

C. when

D. while

58. I have to finish the work now ____ I will fall behind others.

A.and

B. or

C. but

D. so

59. D o you prefer apples ____ grapes?

A.to

B. than

C. or

60. I met Miss Green ____ I was walking across the bridge, but I did not

say hello to him.

A. before

B. after

C. until

D. while

61. I can not afford to buy a CD player ____ it is too expensive.

A. after

B. though

C. because

D.until

62. I would like to play football with you ____ I have got a meeting now.

A.and

B. or

C. but

D. so

63. Edison never give up, ____ he failed many times.

A. and

B. though

C. or

D. so

64. You should make a plan ____ you do anything important.

A.before

B. after

C. though

D. until

65. Forests help to keep water from running away, ____ drought does not

often happen.

A.and

B. but

C. so

D. though

66. We all like Han Mei ____ she is kind and helpful.

A.so

B. and

C. because

D. but

67. We will not never give up our plan ____ happens.

A.however

B. whatever

C. whenever

D. wherever

68. The box is so heavy ____ I have to ask someone to help me.

A. to

B. because

C. that

D. for

69. It was so late, ____ the farmers went on working in the field.

A.and

B. or

C. so

D. but

70. The little boy is only six years old, ____ he can make model wonderful

cars.

A.but

B. so

C. or

D. and

71. Shirley has passed the exam ____ she is busy with her hard work.

A.because

B. when

C. since

D. though

72. Linda was just going out shopping ____ the telephong rang.

A.while

B. when

C. after

D. because

73. I want to know ____ Jack still lives in that house.

A.that

B. if

C. weather

D. where

74. I bought a present for my friend, ____ she did not like it at all.

A.and

B. but

C. so

D. or

75.They did not start the work ____ their teacher came back.

A.until

B. while

C. as soon as

D. if

76. Hurry up! ____ you will be late for the film.

A. And

B. But

C. Or

D. Because

77. When you are learning English, use it, ____ you or lose it.

A. but

B. or

C. then

D. and

78. The doctors tried their best to save the patient’s life ____ failed.

A.or

B. so

C. but

D. because

79. Study hard _____ you are sure to have a good result.

A.or

B. and

C. for

D. but

80. Sam was reading a newspaper ____ his brother fell on the ground.

A. when

B. whether

C. as soon as

81. I tried to call you ____ I heard from him, but you were not in.

A. since

B. while

C. until

D. as soon as

82. Jack is only four years old, ____ he can draw beautiful pictures.

A.but

B. so

C. or

D. since

83. I hardly know anything about it ____ you told me.

A.since

B. after

C. until

D. when

84. I have not see her ____ she left Lanzhou.

A.while

B. when

C. since

D. from

85. WeiHua always helps others ____ she is very busy.

A.though

B. if

C. because

86. None of us knew what had happened ____ we heard the news.

A. after

B. until

C. when

87. I left my umbrella in my room. Could you wait ____ I go back to get

it.

A.when

B. if

C. while

D. before

88. He is so tired that he fell asleep ____ he went to bed.

A. as if

B. even though

C. ever since

D. as soon as

89. Come a little earlier next, ____ you will miss the best the part.

A.and

B. but

C. or

D. till

90. The Yellow River is ____ the Changjiang River.

A. not so long as

B. as long as

C. not long as

D. longer than

91. There goes the bell. Hurry up, ____ you will be late for class.

A.and

B. that

C. or

D. but

92. There is a lot of traffic in this city, ____ look both ways before

crossing the street.

A. so

B. and

C. but

D. for

93. Which one is yours, A ____ B?

A.but

B. and

C. or

94. Tom is ill at home, ____ he can not come here.

A. so

B. if

C. because

95. All of us will be happy ____ you can come with us.

A. while

B. if

C. but

D. or

96. He is only five years old, ____ he can write novels.

A.so

B. but

C. or

97. Tomorrow we will go to the city park ____ it is sunny.

A.as soon as

B. when

C. if

D. as

98. If you can not get to sleep, then get up and try to do something ____

lying in bed.

A.and

B. or

C. instead of

D. because of

99. I did not finish my home work, ____ my teacher was angry with me.

A.so

B. \

C. or

100. The sports meeting will continue ____ it rainy this afternoon.

A.if

B. since

C. as soon as

D. until

答案:1-5 DAABC 6-10 ADAAA 11—15 BCDBB 16-20 CADDB 21-26 CAABAB 27-30 DACAC 31-36 ACCBA 37-40 DCBCD 41-45 BADDC 46-50 CBACD 51-55 CDBAB 56-60 DABAD 61-65 CCBAC 66-70 CBCDA 71-75 AABBA 76-80 CBCBA 81-85 DBDCA 86-90 BDDCA 91-95 CACAB 96-100BCCAD

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