2013年北美地区托福考试写作真题及解析汇总完整版
2013年北美地区托福考试写作真题及解析汇总完整版
前言
由于2012年ML大部分考题为2011年NA，故2013年ML只重考了1题2011年的NA题，结合往年经验和2013年中国大陆的考试情况，不难得出，2014年ML还将以重复2013年NA题为主。这份资料对于明年考托福的同学们含金量十分高。
2013年中国大陆地区（后称ML）的作文题目当中，北美考题（后称NA）比例：
2008-2010的NA题：共15题，占35.7%
2011年的NA题：共1题，占2.4%
2012年的NA题共19题，占45.2
1月12日
Parents learn more from their children than their children do from them nowadays.
此题disagree较容易
按照分类理由，从parents生活经验丰富，技能多，人脉广等角度展开，强调孩子可以从父母身上学到的东西即可。
如选择Agree，更挑战，更适合文笔发挥，拿到满分
1.Wide availability of internet—abundant resource on education—access for children to improve their ability and skills on their own—more capable in terms of life and work—close to parents—be the portal for parents to catch up with the fast-changing world
2.Fiercer competition—demand for advanced and latest technology and skills—relatively easier for children to embrace for their intellectual level and stage of life—also a missing part in parents’ education—parents learn from children to fit into the society
3.让步
2月2日
在经济危机时期（times of economy crisis)，你认为政府应该减少下面哪一方面少花钱？-Education
-Health Care
-Support for unemployed
思路1：选education
education的不重要原因
health care重要的原因
support for unemployment重要的原因
思路2：选education
education不重要的原因1
education不重要的原因2
health care 和 support for unemployment重要的原因分别讲述几句话
思路3：选education
education不重要的原因1
education不重要的原因2
education不重要的原因3
至于education为什么不重要，则属于常见的否定某事物存在价值的理由探讨。例题：广
告越来越不诚实，是否可以忽略广告？如同意可忽略，则讲述广告为什么不重要。
这类否定某事物A的存在价值的理由探讨，可固定为3个方面
1.A自身的缺陷（广告不诚实，无法提供信息参考/教育投入需求过大，政府无力支持）
2.A有更好的替代品B（有口碑，试用装等替代广告作用/有现有的教育资源和网络资源可
以更好利用）
3.A的作用虽然有，但是无法被外界接受到（广告量大，每天接受过多，无法挑选有用的
信息来判断是否购买/经济危机时期，生存问题为主要考量，人们无心投入心力在教育方面）
2月23日
In order to attract good students, university should spent a lot of money in society activities
此题考察social activity和good students之间的逻辑联系
容易出错的地方是大部分同学可能只写到了social activity的好处和功能，而忽略了是否这些功能能吸引好学生来这个学校
Agree
1.social activity—interaction with various types of students—expand one’s social network—help in the future—attract good students
2.social activity—shape multiple skills that hardly can be learned within class—supplement for normal education—improve the quality of education—attract good students
3.让步，学术足够牛逼，也能吸引不少好学生来钻研学术
3月2日
People should state their honest opinions even though they know others will disagree with their views.
Agree
1.bold to express—make sure no misunderstanding—build up the trust—win the respect from others--
2.dare to state honest opinions—after discussion and argument—a chance to help others or oneself to improve
3.让步，不能过于执着和极端，要注意表达的方式和情绪。
3月22日
Though modern agricultural practices damage the environment, feeding the world's growing population is more important than protecting against environmental damage. Disagree
1.feeding the population at the cost of hurting the environment—pose a real and irreversible threat to the food production in the long run—endanger the future generation—unwise choice
2.Many solutions can be taken to ease and lessen the poverty problems—charity, reasonable distribution of food, recyclable resource and energy, awareness
3.让步，短期的，局部的行为，解决特别棘手的问题，则可以，而全球范围内不行
4月6日
Teachers are appreciated and valued nowadays not as much as they were before.
此题类似2012年NA题Teachers had a greater influence on young people in the past than they do today.
问题核心：同两个事物之间关系过去和现在进行对比。A对B影响大与否，取决于A和B
的相处时间，B对A的需求程度，B对A的信任程度等因素。注意这里变量有两个，老师
和学生都可以变，所以讨论的时候要从两方面开展比较容易。
现在教育发达——学生在学校时间久于过去——教师对学生的影响更大
现在教师能力更大，学生也更看重学习——教师对学生影响更大
让步说过去教师对学生也有很大影响，只是没现在这么大
参考上题得出此题的思路：
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1a4100637.html,cation improved—high demand on teachers—teachers are more capable—more appreciated by students
2.fierce competition in society—students value more about knowledge—as the major resource to learn knowledge—teachers are more valued
3.让步，也有部分失格的老师，舔着脸自称XX小王子，就是XX女王，XX教父，XX大仙，实在有违师道，哈哈哈。（谁说写资料不可以自high？）
4月27日
The best way to reduce air pollution is that government to raise the cost of fuel（petrol）of the cars.
有绝对词best，选择disagree
讲还有其他什么方法来减少大气污染
1. government enact certain laws—prohibit the abuse of vehicles—lower the usage of
fuel
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1a4100637.html,ernment propagandize the public transportation—lower the total number of vehicles—lower the gasoline cost
3.让步说提升价格也有效
5月31日
The most important thing people learnt is from families.
虽然有绝对词most，但是此题关键不是到底人们学到的最重要的是什么，而是到底来源于哪，所以可以选agree也可以选disagree。
有些同学会先定义下这个most important的事是什么，然后再写为什么是来源于家庭。
这样做也可以，如定义为responsibility，然后讲家人之间互相照顾，分担，培养责任什么的。
高大上一点的写法是不定义这个most important thing是什么，而是直接分析哪些环境，
因素，会导致人学到重要的东西。
disagree
1.people learn their most important lesson in failures—families are nice and protective—hardship usually is out there—hence most important thing often learned from outside
2.people learn their most important lesson in unfamiliar surrounding—independent and alone—be forced to channel one’s potential—spur the development of oneself—hence most important thing often learned from outside
3.让步讲述家人能给我们什么，因为家人真诚，等原因。
6月8日
Some students prefer to have their final grades determined by numerous small assignments, whereas others prefer to have their final grades determined by only a few large ones.
此题考查核心是平时的点滴累积重要，还是关键时刻的发挥重要，换言之就是过程还是结果更重要。这种抽象考查在2012年NA题当中也出现很多，可以参考我过去发过的2012
北美托福作文题汇总
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1a4100637.html,/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=529830
small assignment
1. greater ability is often forged through a process rather than a second or so because of the accomplishment takes time and overcome of challenge—determine grades in such manner can serve as a signal to encourage students to pay more attention to daily hard work—therefore truly complete the value of education
2.test results can be deceiving—many factors contribute to this, such as cheat, short term memory and luck—not authentic and trustworthy—unfair and not precise to weigh on one’s abilit y
3.让步说重大考试考查的不仅是实力，也有心态，心态也是重要的实力，所以这样也挺好
6月22日
Is it as important for older people to study or learn new things as it is for younger people?
此题类似1月12日那题
老人学新知识和年轻人学知识一样重要。
如果选同意，讲老年人为什么也要学知识。
如果选不同意，讲为什么年轻人更需要学新知识。
disagree
1.the young are facing the future challenge and fierce competition in the society—ought to have oneself trained and be adept in certain new skills—live on oneself and survive
2.young people are at the best status of receiving and mastering knowledge—energetic and creative—cannot wait until the knowledge is practical or required
3.older people have existed way of life—won’t suffer too much without advanced technology
7月13日
When choosing living place, which factor is the most important one for you?
living in an area that is not expansive
living close to relatives
living in an area with many shops and restaurants
此题重复2012年9月7日NA口语题
再次证明基本上口语第二题和独立写作在共用题库，大家平时准备口语第二题的时候遇到3选1或者比较抽象的命题，都应该留意下是否写作可以写的出来。
回头来讲3选1的题目，有一个比较讨巧的做法，从ABC三个选项当中选择A选项，然后解释为什么A选项可以既有自身的功能，也能实现BC选项各自的功能。
对应题目来说，三个选项的功能分别是：便宜；家人；方便
我选择家人，三段理由分别是：
1.Close to family—spend time with families—share with each other, chat—deepen the bond among families
2.Close to family—receive the care and help from families—cover some expense by eating at home and so on—save money—also not expansive
3.Close to family—homemade food, delicious, safe, better than restaurants; grocery and other stuff from home, save time, convenience—don’t have to live close to shops and restaurants
三选一的题目目前看到过的就6个，在我之前的帖子和微博上有，可以去新浪微博@我是秀文，仔细翻翻。
7月26日
If your teacher says something incorrect in a class, what will you do?
interrupt your teacher right away
keep silent
correct your teacher after class
选correct after class
1.Interrupt—jeopardize the integrity and the pace of the teacher and class—negative image for teacher—students will start to doubt the teacher’s ability or lose faith in the teacher—subconsciously choose not to listen
2.Keep silent—teacher may not be aware of the mistake—students may suffer from the wrong explanation of knowledge
3.incorrectness is debatable, sometimes it may only be a misunderstanding or misinterpretation—after class, sufficient amount of time to fully discuss with teacher—figure out the right answer—bring the solid one to students some other time with a comprehensive version—avoid the recklessness
8月10日
Some people like to record their life by sharing pictures and other information on social-networking sites. Others keep this information to themselves and never share it online. 这题如果我没记错的话就是NA13年的新题，至少在09—12年的NA题库当中我没见过这题。十分接地气的题目，问的是，你是一个直播逼，还是一个死宅深度闷骚男。
记录与分享的功能：回忆；分享喜悦，让他人开心；现代社会不可或缺的交友方式
不分享的功能：安全；面对面讲述更能产生上面产生的那些功能
同学们根据性格和自身特点来选择吧。我以分享为假设来写下每段的论述思路：
1.log every memorable money and every sip of taste of life—reminisce and recall—relive the moment—great joy
2.keep others in the loop/keep others noted—share the happiness—have an impact on others—others will be happy
3.present society—less physical connection, more cyber work—trend: share, comment, 点赞—e in this way people form their social network
8月31日
Government should support scientific researches which do not have practical uses. 2010NA老题
agree
1.such behavior can function as an attitude from the official—boost the participation of scientists and their dedication towards scientific study
2.not all science is practical in the beginning—in given time, researchers may be practical and useful
3.让步，要注意资金和人力投入产出比
9月7日
When making major purchase(eg. Car or laptop), our decision can be influenced by different sources of information. Explain how each of the following source of information can influence your decision.
1)recommendations from friends or colleagues
2)information from media(eg. TV, magazines, newspapers)
3)recommendations from the sales person in the store
选择哪个选项，对于这题来说都无所谓，只要能写出这个选择的选项，对于一次好的购买产生的作用力即可。
friends and colleague：较小利益冲突，较低的欺骗可能性，能给出中肯意见；朋友家人会更了解我的需求，给出合适的建议
媒体：专业；权威
销售人员：专业
选一相对容易，再加一个让步即可
9月13日
Children should play and study rather than learn how to do household chores. disagree
1.do household chores—shoulder the workload and share with other family members—cultivate the sense of being responsible
2.do household chores—shape life experience and living skills—independent in the future
3.让步，讲play的功能
9月27日
Using clean energy to protect the environment, but the traditional energy sources such as coal and oil is less expensive.
此题考查的是选择新能源，但是贵；还是选择老能源，但是便宜。本质上考查的是还是短期利益还是长期利益。对于这题来说，就讲环保的重要性就好了。
1.over exploration of traditional energy—break the balance of the nature—endanger the environment—the planet will not be a friendly place to live—harm future generation
2.traditional energy will be depleted—as the deposit drops to a certain amount, the price will rise—no time to adjust to the clean energy because the market is not well developed
3.让步，短期内，特殊的范围内可以使用
9月28日
Society benefits more from works of great artists than from political leaders.
每年都有一题跟艺术扯上关系的超级难题，以前有一题是政府是否应该养着艺术家。
艺术家和政治领袖的作用没有办法对比，所以可以任选其中一面，讲出他的功能（最好是对方不具有的功能）即可。就容易程度来说，可以选择政治领袖。
1.political leaders—decisions—influence every aspect of the society, including the art industry—the core cog the state apparatus—their job are more irreplaceable and key to the benefit of the society
2.political leaders—image of the country—give spiritual support to the citizens—their influence is wider and bigger than artists—benefit the society more
3.让步说艺术家作为整体来说也有巨大的影响
10月5日
Some people think that it is an important part of children's education to go on field
trips(eg. Museums).other people think a child's time is better spent in classroom at school.
简单题。选field trip，好处可以有学到课内学不到的知识；拓展人脉加深同学间友情；放松身心，环节学习负担，更好的投入学习等
10月11日（同9月7日）
When making major purchase(eg. Car or laptop), our decision can be influenced by different sources of information. Explain how each of the following source of information can influence your decision.
1)recommendations from friends or colleagues
2)information from media(eg. TV, magazines, newspapers)
3)recommendations from the sales person in the store
10月19日
A high school has decided that all students must take a class in which they learn a practical skill. School administrators are trying to decide whether to hold a class in
cooking, managing personal finances or auto repair. Which do you think the school should require students to take?
3选1的题，从很早的一个题上改编而来，老题是：是否所有学生都应该上XX（基础经济，艺术）课。老题没有给出选项，只问这样做对不对，由于有all在前面，老题一般我们选disagree。讲强迫没好结果，占据学生时间，增加负担等坏处。
这题选任意一个，讲好处即可。如：
1.managing personal finances—cultivate ability and skills—earn more money—better quality of life in the future
2.managing personal finances—shape the mental preparation and awareness of such aspect—be positive and strong when facing dilemma in the future
3.让步写另外两个的优点
10月25日
You are helping to elect a student leader for a student organization or a club. Do you agree or disagree that honesty is the most important thing to consider in deciding whom to vote for?
disagree
1.In terms of leadership, things tend to be delicate and tricky—bluntness and pure honesty tend to pose a threat to the leader himself and the group
2.other quality, such as intelligence is also an inseparable part because…
3.other quality, such as persuasive ability…because…
11月9日
Busy parents have less time to spend with their children. Some people think time should be spent to play games or sports. Others think time should be spent by doing something together related to schoolwork.
老题，简单题。选play的好处
可以分对象：对孩子的好处（心理/生理）；对父母的好处（加深亲子关系）
恰好写过范文：https://www.360docs.net/doc/1a4100637.html,/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=532149
我更多的范文，可以尚友里搜索：我是秀文。也可以我微博@我是秀文里找，也可以我人
人网：秀文ray日志里找。
11月16日
The government is not educating people enough about the importance of good and healthy life style.
多么适合发展中国家的题目啊~人生观的探讨已经不属于纯语言的范畴，对于思维深度的要求也挺高。很多人都在传言14年会改革，改考试，但是根据经验和目前靠谱的信息，
这是不会发生的。这么多年都不是这样瞬间说改就改的，改只会慢慢改题目的难度而已，而且也是十分缓慢的改。就像这题一样，加点思考深度，就趴下一大片人。大部分人考场如果第一次看到这题都写不出什么。
agree
1.赚钱，获得更好的物质生活是本能，不需要宣传就会很多人去做。而健康则是在这个过程当中会容易被忽略的一个重点。政府在学校教育的领域更多还是停留在实际的技能，知识，而很少涉及规范的，科学的，关于健康的生活态度和生活方式的知识教育。
2.在政府涉及到的关于这方面的宣传和教育当中，没有很好的利用舆论和社会的媒介进行足够的心理辅导，更多的停留口号和宣传，没有实际的资金投入去落实。
3.让步，政府也做了一些事。。。
11月22日
Scientists have been working to make technology easier and human friendly. How do you think technology had affected our lives?
此题：科技使人类更方便还是更麻烦
方便
1.拉近人与人之间的距离，联系（电脑，手机为例子）
2.提高生产力，降低工作危险，提高工作效率（某种具体机器，设备为例子）
3.科技丰富生活当中的享受和娱乐（电视，WE为例子）
12月6日
The most important investment that can be made to the education of children aged from four to seven is giving them a computer.
有most，选择disagree。讲其他还有哪些可能也是相同重要，或者更重要的投资；并且解释为什么这个投资重要
如：
1.时间，陪伴孩子成长，加深亲子关系
2.体育设施，身体健康
3.让步，电脑重要，因为…
12月7日
If people are on vacation, they should leave their mobile phones at home.
disagree
1.out on a vacation in a strange city—inevitable to encounter certain problems—mobile phone---contact others to seek help in case of emergency
2.mobile phone in present time—multi-function---facilitate the trip—convenience and happiness
3.deal with problems at home
12月14日
The more money people have, the more they should give away to charity.
是不是钱越多，就该捐的多。同类题考过：是不是钱越多，就越幸福
属于证明逻辑类的题，即：money---X---Y---should give away to charity
答题的时候需要把X,Y两个环节自己填上，并且写出至少1条X,Y不同，但是同样通的逻辑
这种类型的题目我们回头先思考Y可以有哪些（即哪些因素决定了人会，或应该捐），再分别对应想到X可以有哪些。
disagree
1.Whether donate one’s fortune to charity does define one’s integrity or righteousness---such character cannot be simply concluded from one aspect of life---it is the abduction on one’s moral fibre if rich people ought to donate more
2.Charity will work only if it connects and involves the majority of the population---relying solely on rich people will not be the solution of all these problems---the awareness and donation from the world matter more
3.让步
12月20日
Should government spend money on public park for everyone or build a sport field for students?
乍看很简单的题，其实深沉思考的问题是大众优先，还是特权（弱势群体）优先。当然，作为托福作文来说，不需要想那么多，选择public park，写2-3个好处即可：
1.public park—increase the green land—absorb the pollutant and air contamination—nice environment—good for general health
2.public park—free—a place for people to hang—expand their social network
3.让步写sport field对学生的好处
历年托福考试阅读真题汇总含答案
0308 托福试题 阅读( 55minutes ) Question 1-11 seen in putrefying materials .He did (10) this by passing air through guncotton filters, the fibers of which stop solid particles. After the guncotton was dissolved in a mixture of alcohol and ether, the particles that it had trapped fell to the bottom of the liquid and were examined on a microscope slide .Pasteur found that in ordinary air these exists a variety of solid structures ranging in size from 0.01 mm to more than 1.0 mm .Many of these bodies resembled the reproductive (15) structures of common molds, single-celled animals, and various other microbial cells . As many as 20 to 30 of them were found in fifteen If food is allowed to stand for some time, putrefies .When the putrefied material is examined microscopically ,it is teeming with bacteria. Where do these bacteria come from , since they are fresh food? Even until the mid-nineteenth century, many people believed microorganisms originated by spontaneous (5 ) generation ,a hypothetical living organisms develop from nonliving matter. The most powerful spontaneous generation microbiologist Louis showed that structures present in air closely found not that it to be seen in such process by which of the theory of French chemist and opponent was the Pasteur(1822-1895).Pasteur resemble the microorganisms
托福OG综合写作题目(1-3套)
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范文主题句分析： 在本道题目中是同意学生应该学习艺术和音乐，因此我们应该从学习音乐和艺术的好处着手。所谓的主题段跟作文的大纲极为相似，如果把作文的每一个主题段都确定下来，作文的大纲也就有了。 在本篇独立写作的主体部分有三个段落：每个段落的主题句如下， Studying art and music makes a person more diverse and thoughtful.在这句话中说到学生学习艺术和音乐使人更加多样化并且思考方式更加周全，呼应了主题的应该让学生学习音乐和艺术。 These subjects give the students an outlet for expressing their turbulent emotions during puberty.这些课程让学生释放他们在青春期的骚动。 Viewing art and listening to music are excellent ways to relax.欣赏艺术和听音乐是放松的最好方式。 这三个主题无论从逻辑上还是从结构篇幅上都符合要求。从逻辑方面来看，跟文章主题切合，不偏题，都从学习艺术和音乐的好处出发;从字数上看，句子没有太长都在20单词以内，体现了学生的概括能力。从说服力方面来看，第一个从音乐能提高能力方面，第二个从同学们的需求方面，第三个从学生的生理和心理方面论述了学习音乐和艺术的益处，具有很强的说服力。这样的主题段是符合考官要求的，因此考生在写主题段的时候也要这样写，才有可能取得高分。 以上就是如何写托福独立写作的主题句的相关内容。希望通过以上分析考生可以参考一下，多多进行实践，争取写出符合考官口味的作文!
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为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO45独立写作题目文本+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。 托福TPO45独立写作题目原文： Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?In the past, young people depended too much on their parents to make decisions for them; today young people are better able to make decisions about their own https://www.360docs.net/doc/1a4100637.html,e specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 托福TPO45独立写作满分范文： With the development of society, our living habits have been changed greatly. One of the most significant changes is the issue of whom we young people depend on when making a decision. In the past, young people usually depended on their older family members, especially their parents. However, in contemporary society, we young adults tend to make choice on our own. Here are the reasons. Admittedly, in the past, the ways they acquired information, most of which come from experience, were limited. It was parents who are much more experienced than their children. In this case, they tended to listen to parents’ advice and let them to control determination. As we all know, over the several decades, parents made the decision for their children who they would marry with in China. At that time, girls had no chance to meet the young men with the same age. However, their parents had the permission to know their children’s future partners through various ways. Without doubt, it was a right choice to depend on their parents when making a decision in the past. However, we can get access to a great amount of information, which do good to decision making nowadays. Surfing on the internet, clicking on the mouse, news will display on your computer screen within seconds. What’s more, after educating, we have learnt knowledge in a systematic way, which enable us to understand ourselves and the world better. All of these create a good atmosphere for us young people to make decision on ourselves. According to a survey conducted by Peking University aiming to find out how students choose their majors, 80 percent of students depend on their own while less than 20% decided by their parents or teachers instead. Most students are independent nowadays. They would listen to their parents, but it is themselves who determine the final choice. Another important reason is that some of adults’ experience work less effectively on our generation because conditions change rapidly in the information age. In the past, it was less likely for youngsters to move out of their hometowns while we usually move from one place to another nowadays. So parents’ idea might not fit our situation any more. Consequently, we prefer to make a decision depend on our own experience. In sum, for the reasons I mentioned above, I totally agree that in contemporary society, we young adults are better able to make choice on our own. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO45独立写作题目文本+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!
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The positive influence outweighs their negative effects. Large quantities of motion pictures (movies about encouragement strengthen young generation’ s willpower to chase dreams with determination. Influenced by a number of interesting TV programs, young people begin to learn things that they used to feel boring. Admittedly , we should not ignore that there are some violent plots which tend to result in teenage crimes.However, this kind of movie makes up only a small section of products in film industry and is under the strict control of government. Therefore, its influence is quite limited. 我们可以看到, 在这种写法中, 我们所支持的观点为电影电视是利大于弊的。 前两个理由我们先正向抛出两个论点说明为什么它们对青年人的影响利大于弊, 最后一个分论点我们写让步段, 先承认它们的确有可能对青年人行为产生错误的引导, 但是其后又对这些错误影响做一些弥补, 因为有负面影响的节目只是整个电影市场的一小部分,不能够以偏概全,断章取义。 2.A+A-B 我们介绍的第二种写法是, 先用两个正向的论点支持 A , 再用一个论点去反对B ,最终得出 A 更适合的结果。 Topic :Some people argue that the government should not spend money on public services and facilities, but on arts. 有一部分人认为政府应该花更多的钱在公共服务和基础设施上,而非艺术上。 Public facilities, widely accepted as the main foundation to a city’ s development, should be one of the highest priorities. In addition to social benefits, ther e are a great number of economic merits that …
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