专业英语作业
PART1: Reading
How to quickly read an English paper?
Metalworking Glossary Cutting Tool Engineering, November, 2000, 209-238
The metalworking glossary defines terms common to those who cut and grind metals and other materials. The terms are divided into 11 categories:
1.Manufacturing Definitions;
2.Machining Operations;
3.Machine Tools and Ancillary Equipment;
4.Cutting Tools and Related Terminology
5.Coolants, Lubricants, and Related Terminology
6.Accessories and Attachments;
7.Alloys, Coatings, Material Compositions, and Related Terminology;
8.Heat-treating and Special Processes;
9.Inspection, Measurement, and Quality Control;
10.Robotics and Automated Assembly;
11.Nontraditional Machining
How to Make Use of the Linguistic Features of
Scientific Papers
(科技论文的语言特点)
1.Linguistic Style(语体)
科学技术领域，科技工作者的任务：
描述自然现象
分析自然现象产生的规律
研究自然现象应用于人类生产实践
的方法
表达所取得的成果及其应用
思维形式：概念、公式或公式化的概念
思维活动的语言表达：按照严格的逻辑程序导
出的判断和推理，科技文体具有抽象性、概念
性和高度的逻辑性
内容：写实
语言风格：准确严谨、合乎逻辑，非形象性(理
性)、客观性、无明显感情色彩、简洁明快。Literature
1.Conference paper
2.Journal paper
3.Lecture
4.Book (Dissertation or Thesis)
5.Report (News)
6.Manual and Specification
Paper and Experimental Report: Title, Abstract, Introduction, Results and Analysis, Conclusion and Discussion
Book & Lecture: Title, Author(s), Name of the process or publisher, Name of the printing House, Name of the distributor, Date of publication, Date of printing, Synopsis, Note by the publisher, International Standard Book Number, Preface or Foreword, Acknowledgements, Contents, Text of the book, Appendix or Supplement, Index, Epilogue
Manual and Instructions, Directions: Principle, Operation, Maintenance
2.Vocabulary
Typically Professionalized Terms
Whenever a force acts on a body so as to make the body move through some distance, it is said to have done work.
Body n. 身体, 肉体, 人, 尸体, 主要部分, 团体, 大量vt. 赋以形体
机械专业n. 车身,机身
船舶专业n. 机身,水团,艇体
地质专业n. 体,岩体,车身
电力专业n. 物体,本体,壳体
法律专业n. 身体,本文,机关
纺织专业n. 布身,身骨,物体
航海专业n. 全体
航空专业n. 机身,船身n. 体,物体
化学专业n. 身体,本文,支柱,质地vt. 实现,使...稠化,使...具体化
计算机专业体，物体，机壳，机身，底盘，插座体，(正文)体n. 身体(本文,支柱) vt. 实现(使...稠化,使...具体化)
建筑专业n. 基础,底盘,基底,体,岩体,车身
经贸专业机关n. 全体
农牧林专业n. 立木
汽车专业n. 车身
商务专业机关
石油专业n. 体
水利专业n. 本体,主体,物体
冶金专业n. 主体,机体
医学专业n. 躯体,体
中医专业n. 身体,肉体,躯体
body 在机械工程方面，表示“壳体、机体；车体、车身”等
Automobile external parts (汽车外设)
front wheel 前轮
rear wheel 后轮
tread 轮距
chassis 底盘
bodywork, body 车身
rear window 后窗玻璃
windscreen 挡风玻璃(美作:windshield) windscreen wiper 风档刮水器,风档雨雪刷(美作:windshield wiper)
fender, wing, mudguard 挡泥板
radiator grille 水箱
wing mirror 后视镜
bonnet 发动机盖(美作:hood)
boot 行李箱(美作:trunk)
roof rack, luggage rack 行李架license plate, number plate 车号牌
wing 前翼子板
hubcap 轮毂罩
bumper 保险杠
front blinker 前信号灯
taillight, tail lamp 尾灯
backup light, reversing light 倒车灯
stoplight, stop lamp 刹车灯
rear blinker 转弯指示灯
trunk, boot 行李箱
bumper 保险杠
tailpipe 排气管
work n. 工作, 劳动, 操作, 职业, [物]功, 手工, 作品, 机件v. (使)工作, (使)运转, 起作用, 造成, 产生, 经营, (使)渐渐移动, 煅制
机械专业n. 著作,功
船舶专业n. 工作,功n. 劳动
地质专业n. 功,工作
电力专业n. 功,工作,操作
电信专业n. 功,工作
法律专业n. 工作,著者,著作,作品,作业v. 劳动航海专业n. 工作
航空专业n. 工作,劳动产品n. 工作,运行
化学专业n. 工作,劳动,操作,加工,著作,制品vt. 工作,加工,研究,证实,劳动,运行
会计专业工件,运转
计算机专业工作；功n. 工作(劳动,操作vt. 工作(加工,研究
经贸专业工件n. 工作
能源专业n. 功,工程
农牧林专业n. 工作
汽车专业n. 工作,加工,工厂,著作,功,工作
商务专业工件
石油专业n. 工作n. 功
水利专业n. 工作,功,工件
冶金专业n. 工作,功
医学专业n. 工作,功
中医专业n. 工作
normal “正常”、“法线”(数学)、“当量”(化学) power “幂”(数学)、“电力，电源”(电学)、“动力”
(机械学)
Specifically Concentrated Meaning
日常英语“动词+副词”，如come off, do for, make up 等，这类短语动词往往不止一种含义，而且常常难以确定，在科技论文中，应用意义比较明确的单个动词来代替，这类动词较“正规”，学术气氛较强，简洁，用起来方便如：
absorb take in
discover look at
transmit pass on
reciprocate move backwards and forwards in a straight line
常见动词(effective verbs)：indicate, show, illustrate, demonstrate, review, report, outline, describe, explain, verify, prove, confirm, define, determine, enumerate, compare, contrast, investigate, develop, conclude,
Highly Proportional Latin & Greek Words
最普通英语单词中，46%直接或间接来源于拉丁语，7.2%来源于希腊语，科技词汇中这个比率会更高。Analysis, stimulus, focus, automation, formula, antenna, nucleus, radius, symposium, thesis, micro-, hydro-, auto-, multi-, -ion, -graph, -logy, -tude
Usually Used Compound Words
由两个或两个以上的词(有时其中用连字符“-”)联合在一起的词称复合词。
使用复合词来表示事物的特征、性质、数量、大小、程度等概念和意义。
一般，复合词的核心是最后一个词。
复合名词
emitter region, magnetic field, speedometer, horsepower, blueprint, wavelength, engine noise, higher-than-average
复合形容词
dust-free, water-proof, three-phase, cross-sectional, biophysical, wire wound, newly-designed, radio-active
复合动词white wash, trial-produce, overcharge, self-design, underline, heat treat, short-circuit, electro-plate, induction harden
Frequently Encounter Contracted Words
C( C) = degree of centigrade mech=mechanics radar=radio detecting and ranging
Laser=light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
Sonar=sound navigation and ranging
Pixel=picture element
e.g. (例如)，cit. (在上述引文中)，i.e. (就是)，vs. (与...相对)，ibid. (出处相同)，etc. (等等)，ca. (关于)，et al. (等人)，shv. (在该字下)，viz.(即，就是)，vo.(左页，封底)，et seq.(以及下列等等)。
Often Found Antonyms
自然科学是研究自然界中客观事物所具有的矛盾，经常使用到反义词，从而深刻揭示事物的本质，反映事物的矛盾的两个方面。
通常使用anti-, de-, mis-, ir-, im-, non-等表示否定的词缀
positive-negative linear-nonlinear integration-differentiation regular-irregular fussion-defussion possible-impossible organic-inorganic connect-disconnect clockwise –counter-clockwise divisible-indivisible understand-misunderstand wax-dewax metal-nonmetal professional-nonprofessional
Progressively Emerged New Word Meanings
tree - tree circuit ball – ball bearing bed –test bed pecker – automatic pecker
baby –baby car daughter –decay daughter trouble – trouble shooting
bug – debug field – magnetic field
More and More Noun Clusters
利用一个以上的名词作定语修饰名词的现象，在科技论文写作中，名词群有增多的趋势
high precision instrument –the instrument of high precision
the nearby engine noise – the noise of the engine that is nearby
data transmission systems – systems for transmission of dada
hall form design methodology – the methodology for designing the form of hall
distribution transformer loss evaluation methods – the methods for evaluation of the loss of distribution transformer
3.Sentence Structures (八多)
More Indicative Sentences
科技论文中，在描述试验、说明现象、明确定义、表达定量、定律和原理时，多用陈述句。Computer languages may range from detailed low level close to that immediately understood by the particular computer, to the sophisticated high level which can be rendered automatically accepted to a wide range of computers.
Gathering facts, confirming them, suggesting theories, testing them, and organizing findings – this is all the work of science.
作者较多地从性质(quality)或属性(property)上来陈述事物，因此主系表结构占较大比重。“在所有的科技陈述句中大约1/3都是用is或are+表语作谓语的”- John Swales
This gas is clear of these impurities.
Generally speaking, neither gold nor stone are soluble in water.
More Imperative Sentences 科学论文所述理论具有可解释性，所做试验具有可重复性，研究结果应当是普遍可接受的真理，不论是谁照此去做都是可以做成的，因此，无必要指明主语，这就是科技论文常用祈使句的原因。命题、解题、顺序论证、实验指导、操作说明、工艺介绍、文献注释等部分常用祈使句。
Now let K equal to zero, then we obtain the following equation.
To put into full play of the incubation function of the high-tech developed zone, we should pay enough attention to the following: first, cultivate a number of new high-tech enterprises; Second, promote a number of new high-tech products; third, train a group of entrepreneurs.
Fill in a tube with cold water, and then heat the tube to 100 C.
See Table 4.
More Complex Sentences
由于科学技术所研究的事物互相关联、互相制约，为了准确反映事物之间的内在联系，就需要严密的逻辑思维，而这种思维的内容反映在语言的形式上，就必然是并列关系和多种主从关系的长句增多，并大量使用非谓语动词短语，出现复杂的句子结构。
An electric current which reverses its direction at regular intervals, and which is constantly changing in magnitude is called an alternating current, which is usually abbreviated to a. c. ...
Numerical control machines made on the principle of mechatronics are most useful when the quantities of the products to be produced are low or medium; the tape containing the information required to produce the part can be stored or modified when required, thus bringing about further savings and higher productivity.
More Sentence Patterns of “It be +adj. or participles+that ...”
It is evident from the foregoing discussion that basic research is applicable to the facts upon which a science is developed, and the principles or laws of
science as compared to applied research directed toward using knowledge gained by basic research to make things that will serve a practical purpose.
It is concluded that the behavior of a fluid flowing through a pipe is affected by a number of factors, including the viscosity of the fluid and the speed at which it is pumped.
It has been shown through the experiment that the charges of the nucleus and electrons are equal so that the atom is electrically neutral.
More short Form Sentences Led by “as”
英文科技论文中常用由“as”引出的多种主动、被动、简略形式，如as the illustration shows, as has been stated above, as in figure 2, as follows等等。
More Present, Past and Present Perfect Tenses
科技论文所描述的主要对象是客观存在的事实、现象或真理，谓语动词的时态主要采用一般现在时。在表示过去的时间状语，或叙述过去发生过的事实时，才用一般过去时。
若强调过去发生的事实对现在仍有影响，则用现在完成时。
The solar system consists of the Sun and many smaller bodies that revolve around the Sun.
With the acceptance of the Copernican system, the Earth was added to the number of planets revolving around the Sun, and the Moon was recognized as the Earth’s satellite.
Uranus, which is barely visible to the unaided eye, was discovered in 1781.
Based on these facts, it has been theorized that the Moon has a crust perhaps a few kilometers thick and a mantle about 70 kilometers thick.
More Passive V oice
英语科技论文中的被动语态较多，这是因为：
第一，被动结构比主动结构的主观色彩更少，描述客观事物，进行逻辑推理，正需要这种特性；第二，被动结构更能突出要论证、说明的对象，把它放在句子主语的的地位上，就更能引人注
目；
第三，被动结构比主动结构在很多情况下更简短。目前，科技论文中主动语态有增多的趋势，如This paper reports...., The author concluded..., We made the analysis...., The researchers have carried out....等等。在侧重被动语态的同时，最好是主动语态交替使用，意使句型多样化。
More Subjunctive Mood
科技论文内容很多是对事物和现象的论证和讨论，因此，常常涉及到各种条件，所以有必要应用虚拟语气。另外，表达对问题的看法时，为了使口气委婉，也往往采用虚拟语气。
It would then appear that a better compromise could have been achieved.
In a frictionless machine, the inequality of the above equation would become an equality.
For example, it would be better to use four 2-volt cells in parallel. In this case, each cell would deliver 5-ampare current which would reasonably be carried by one cell.
还有如suppose, suggest, assume, let, to(为了...目的)等科技领域中经常用到的词，都必须伴随虚拟结构。
4.Figures, Table & Formulae, etc.
这类非语言符号具有叙述简明、形象、直观的特点，特别是在国际科技界具有统一性和通用性，因此越来越受到人们的重视。
General Principles for Collecting Information 1、远近兼顾
新文献：接触最新的发展，最新的成果
旧文献：了解历史，启发新的研究思路
2、大小并重
注意某些短小、零碎的信息，如国际会议中展示的资料，免得日后“踏破铁鞋无觅处”
3、一视同仁
阅读不同见解的文章、著作，可以了解双方的论点
和论据，明确其优缺点，以取人之长补己之短
4、先粗后精
运用速读方法抓住文献的纲领和主要结论，然后再重点精读有关章节和结论，以便点面结合，在广度和深度两方面采集信息
5、鉴别分析
The fool collects data and the wise man select data
Ways of Fast Reading
Methods of Guessing and Awakening
1.Definition Clues
Philatelist is a person who collects stamps.
A micropyrometer means an optical instrument to measure the temperature of small glowing bodies.
2.Synonym Clues
The events and games are of several different types. There are individual contests, where each athlete competes alone.
Most of us are afraid of something –at least one in our life. And not all fears are bad.
3.Antonym Clues
Everyone has strong points as well as drawbacks.
Few women are professional, most of them are spare-time players.
The desert is hot and dry, but the coast areas are warm and humid.
4.Explanation Clues
To go into effect, the act had to be ratified or approved, by 38 states by 1979. Every human being needs sodium chloride (salt).
You may have what is called a phobia – a great fear of something.
Suites, which include two or more rooms connected together – perhaps a bedroom and a living room, are for people who are very rich or every important.
5.Correlation Clues
Ranchers raise cattle for the meat that people eat. Most ranchers are located in flat open country where there is plenty of grass for the cattle to feed on.
If we introduce into the device first one number and then another, the result will give the sum of these numbers. Subtraction is essentially the addition of negative numbers. Multiplication is done by repeating addition of the necessary number of times, and division by repeating subtraction.
6.Context Clues
Simple distillation works well to separate one component from a mixture of liquids if boiling points of the components are far apart.
The spacecraft were equipped with sensitive radars and eavesdropping radio receivers. Their sole mission: surveillance. Now as the space spies looked downs from their 600-mile attitude, they plotted the movement of ship’s back and forth across the water below.
Exercise 1：
专题：
(1)Computer-Aided Production and Control Systems
(2)Computer-Aided Design
(3)Computer-Aided Manufacturing
(4)Computer-Aided Process Planning
(5)Flexible Manufacturing
(6)Computer Integrated Manufacturing
(7)Intelligent Manufacturing
(8)Agile Manufacturing
(9)Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing
(10)Environmentally Conscious Design and Manufacturing
(11)Nanotechnology and Micro-Machine
(12)Industrial Robot or Advanced Robot
(13)MRP, ERP and IRP (Material Requirement Planning, Enterprise
Resource Planning and Intelligent Resource Planning)
(14)Nontraditional Mechanical Process (特种加工)
(15)Industrial Design
(16)Bio－Manufacturing (生物制造)
要求：三个人一组，分工合作
（1）查阅相关英文资料（提交纸质及电子版）（其中专题1-3，5-11可参考教材
内容，在此基础上扩展）
（2）翻译（英译汉，提交纸质及电子版）
（3）制作英文PPT（每个专题不少于90分钟内容，要求图文并茂，而不是文字堆砌，提交电子版）
英语作业及答案
下面的范文中有很多错误，请找出形容词与副词的混淆、冠词的遗漏和误用、介词和代词的误用等错误，并检查句子的完整性、单词拼写、主谓的一致性、动词和现在分词是否混淆、复数形式、动词的时态、词汇选择、词性、单词的顺序等问题。 (几乎每个句子都有错误) An university education is a goal of many high school students. Some students want to go into a profession that requires an university degree. But there are other professions that do not require a degree, but require certification from a technological college. The reasons why students make decisions to go to technical college instead of university probably have a lot to do with their choice of career, their own academic abilities and their financial situation. First of all, students make their choices for post-secondary education based on the fields that interest them. A student who is interested in medicine might decide to university, into a pre-med program to prepare to become a doctor, or they might go to nursing school or a nursing program in a technical college. Some career choices offer a choice of educational route. The university route is usually more intense and takes longer. For example, an interior designer might take a one or two year program at a college, or choose to do the degree program as a part of the architectural department at a university. Other career choices involve certification that is available at a college, like broadcast journal or
数学专业英语课后答案
2.1 数学、方程与比例 （1）数学来源于人类的社会实践，包括工农业的劳动，商业、军事和科学技术研究等活动。 Mathematics comes from man’s social practice, for example, industrial and agricultural production, commercial activities, military operations and scientific and technological researches. （2）如果没有运用数学，任何一个科学技术分支都不可能正常地发展。 No modern scientific and technological branches could be regularly developed without the application of mathematics. （3）符号在数学中起着非常重要的作用，它常用于表示概念和命题。Notations are a special and powerful tool of mathematics and are used to express conceptions and propositions very often. （4）17 世纪之前，人们局限于初等数学，即几何、三角和代数，那时只考虑常数。 Before 17th century, man confined himself to the elementary mathematics, i. e. , geometry, trigonometry and algebra, in which only the constants were considered. （5）方程与算数的等式不同在于它含有可以参加运算的未知量。 Equation is different from arithmetic identity in that it contains unknown quantity which can join operations. （6）方程又称为条件等式，因为其中的未知量通常只允许取某些特定的值。Equipment is called an equation of condition in that it is true only for certain values of unknown quantities in it. （7）方程很有用，可以用它来解决许多实际应用问题。 Equations are of very great use. We can use equations in many mathematical problems. （8）解方程时要进行一系列移项和同解变形，最后求出它的根，即未知量的值。To solve the equation means to move and change the terms about without making the equation untrue, until the root of the equation is obtained, which is the value of unknown term. 2.2 几何与三角 （1）许多专家都认为数学是学习其他科学技术的必备基础和先决条件。 Many experts recognize that mathematics is the necessary foundation and prerequisite of studying other science technology. （2）西方国家的专家认为几何起源于巴比伦和埃及人的土地测量技术，其实中国古代的数学家对几何做了许多出色的研究。 The western experts think that geometry had its origin in the measurements by the Babylonians and Egyptians of their lands. Infect, the ancient Chinese mathematicians made much remarkable study for geometry. （3）几何的学习使学生在思考问题时更周密和审慎，他们将不会盲目接受任何结论。 In studying geometry, the student is taught to think clearly and critically and he is led away from the practice of blind acceptance of any conclusions. （4）数学培养学生的分析问题的能力，使他们能应用毅力、创造性和逻辑推理来解决问题。
专业英语大作业
专业英语大作业 一：英译汉 翻译范围TCP/IP Illustrated, V olume 1: The Protocols 5.1~5.5 15.1~15.2 第5章RARP：逆地址解析协议 5.1简介 5.2 RARP报文格式 5.3 RARP示例 5.4 RARP服务的设计 5.5小结 练习 5.1简介 一个拥有本地磁盘的系统通常是从磁盘文件读取配置文件中获取其IP地址。但一个没有磁盘的系统，如X终端或无盘工作站，需要一些其它方式去获得其IP地址。 每个系统在网络上都有一个唯一的硬件地址，由网络接口的制造商分配。 RARP的原则是无盘系统从接口卡上读取其独特的硬件地址，并发送RARP请求（网络上的广播帧）要求别人对无盘系统的IP地址（使用RARP回应）进行应答。 虽然这个概念很简单，执行往往比ARP更难，在本章后面会描述其原因。 RARP的正式规范是RFC 903。 5.2 RARP报文格式 RARP报文的格式几乎与ARP报文是相同的（图4.3）。唯一的区别是，RARP 的请求或应答帧类型为0×8035，并且在操作层RARP请求值为3、RARP应答值为4。 图4-3 ARP在网络上请求与应答报文的格式 与ARP一样，RARP服务器请求是广播和RARP应答通常是单播。 5.3 RARP示例 在我们的网络，我们可以强制sun主机从网络引导，而不是它的本地磁盘。 如果我们在主机bsdi上运行RARP服务器和tcpdump，我们得到如图5.1所示的输出。我们使用-e参数去标记tcpdump的打印硬件地址：
图5.1 RARP请求和应答。 该RARP请求是广播（1号线）的，第2行的RARP应答是单播的。第2行的输出，“at sun”,意味着RARP应答包含了主机sun（140.252.13.33）的IP地址。 在第3行，我们看到，一旦sun接收其IP地址，它会发出一个TFTP读请求（RRQ）的文件8CFCOD21.SUN4C。（TFTP是简单文件传输协议，我们在第15章进行详细描述）。在文件名中的8个十六进制数字是sun主机的IP地址140.252.13.33的十六进制表示形式。这是在RARP应答中返回的IP地址。该文件名的其余部分，后缀SUN4C表示系统正在引导的类型。 Tcpdump表示第3行是一个长度为65的IP数据报，而不是一个UDP数据报（实际上它确实是），因为我们运行tcpdump命令使用-e参数，看硬件级别的地址。另一点，在图5.1要注意的是在第2行的以太网帧的长度似乎比最小较短（我们所说的是在4.5节60字节）。原因是我们的系统，该系统上运行的tcpdump 发送该以太网帧（BSDI）。该应用程序rarpd，写42字节到BSD分组过滤器装置（14字节的以太网报头和28字节的RARP应答），这是什么的tcpdump收到的副本。但以太网设备驱动程序垫这个短帧的最小尺寸为传输（60 ）。如果我们在另一个系统上已经运行的tcpdump ，长度会是60。 我们可以看到在这个例子，当这种无盘系统接收在RARP应答它的IP地址，它会发出一个TFTP请求来读取一个引导映像。在这一点上，我们不会进入其他详细介绍无盘系统是如何引导自己。（第16章介绍了使用RARP ，BOOTP和TFTP无盘X终端的引导顺序。） 图5.2表示出了如果有在网络上没有RARP服务器所得到的数据包。每个数据包的目的地址为以太网的广播地址。以太网地址跟随的是目标硬件地址，并按照发送端的硬件地址发送。
全国农业推广硕士专业英语作业题
全国农业推广硕士专业英语作业题 Part One Vocabulary and Structure Fill in the balnks with words or expressions chosen from the following list. Change the form where necessary. speculate specify commitment despite desirable access contribution adolescent banish inhabitant identify frustration impact sanction impressive hit upon switch correspond to obligation various 1、The U.N would impose economic against the offending nations or government. 2、The boys and girls are fond of behaving differently from seniors. 3、I a satisfactory explanation. 4、Man on the origin of the universe since the beginning og the human history. 5、You can from your mind the idea of holding a party during
the examination week. 6、The company that we would have one subject to another. 7、The American Congree the British Parliament. 8、We are trying to find some people who have a real sense of to the job. 9、the sandstorm, the Johnsons drove to the xilla to celebrate their 25th anniversary of marriage. 10、You are under no to pay for goods which you did not order. 11、Men still hold the vast majority of the least- or modt-dangerous jobs, such as loggers and miners. 12、He doesn’t expect to see changes overnight. 13、Students must have to good books.
《人文英语2》形成性考核册作业题目和答案更正版
电大资源网《人文英语（2）》形成性考核册参考资料 《人文英语（2）》是国家开放大学 2017 年春季新开的课程之一，对国家开放大学的文科专业学生进行统一考试。该资料对学生完成学习任务起着一定的辅助作用。电大资源网还有国家开放大学其他课程的参考资料，可以参考。 注：本科目已按字母排版整理成期末考试小抄 作业 1 一、交际用语（每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 1-5 题：选择正确的语句完成下列对话，并将答案序号写在题前括号内。 1.-Would you like me to help you make a plan for the summer vacation? B - . A.No, I already have my plans. B.I’d love to, but I’m busy today. C.I’m ill, so I shouldn’t go out. 2.-Can I take your order, madam? A - . A.Yes. I’d like an Italian soup to start with. B.Yes, it’s as quiet as we expected. C.No, the price’s reasonable. 3.-What are you going to do in the 2022 Winter Olympics? B - . A.Yes, I have been there. B.I’m going to be a volunteer. C.I am traveling abroad. 4.-I’d like to invite you to my birthday party on Saturday evening. A - . A.Thank you for your invitation. B.I don’t want to join your party. C.I did not go to the party that night. 5.-Do you think you are the suitable person for this position? C - . A.I’m not sure if I will be here for the task. B.I don’t think Xiao Ming is the right person to count on. C.Yes. I’m hard working and I think I am suitable for this position. 二、选择填空（每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 6-20 题：阅读下面的句子，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案序号写在题前括号内。 6.I think I am C for this position. https://www.360docs.net/doc/1d5381258.html,plete B. confident C. competent 7. A successful cover letter will make a great B. A.progress B. impression C. contribution 8.Will the AIDS patients benefit A the new drug? A.from B. by C. of 9.You can B some bottles of wine, or some chocolates, or a bunch of flowers. A. bring up B. bring along C. bring down 10.I’m A because there are so many options. I can’t make a decision. A.puzzled B. excited C. depressed 11.If there is any change about the time of the meeting, please notify us C. A.in time B. on time C. in advance 12.There must be something wrong with my computer，C there? A.mustn’t B. needn’t C. isn’t
专业英语部分习题答案参考.doc
b-毗喘pyridine 巴比妥酸:barbituric acid 比电导conductance 不规则的:irregular 崩解剂disintegrant C--萃取extraction 成团:ogglomerotion 测量仪measurement 肠液:intestinol fluid d-胆固醇cholestero 对映体:enontiomer 电极electrode 代谢:metobolism f-反相渗透reverse osmosis 分布:disposition g-构象：conformotion 固化:solidize 卜-甲苯toluene 静脉注:introvenous injection 挤压:compress 聚集:aggregate 胶囊capsule I一粒子:particle 立体选择性:stereoselectivity 利用率:availability 灭菌产品sterile products n—粘合剂odhesive P—偏振光:polarized light 片剂tablet 酉己剂elixir 排泄:excretion q一起女台原料starting materials(raw materials) q 醛aldehyde 「一溶解度:solubility 乳剂emulsion 润滑剂lubricant s-释放:release 渗液solution 生物膜:biologic membrane 生物碱okoloid, t…糖浆syrup 甜味剂sweetener w-丸剂pill 微生物microorganism 胃液:gastric fluid 稳定态:steady-state x-?旋光异构现象:optical isomerism 悬浮液suspension 香味剂flavor 稀释剂diluent 形状:shape 吸收absorption 消除:elimination y-胰岛素insulin 压片:tablet compression z-中间体intermediote 重结晶recrystallization 左旋:levorotation 蒸徭distillation 组织tissue a-asymmetric carb on 不对称碳absorption 吸收action 动作odhesive 粘合剂c-contamination 污染chirality:手性compress 压缩composite 合成的compressibility:可压缩性compaction:压紧contaminotion specialize 特殊污染conductivity 电导率control控制clinical:临床的 d- design:设计dry:干燥delivery:传送 e-巳xtgnd:延长epoxide:环氧化物 f- formulation:$ij 剂fluidity:流动性function:功能 g- geometric isomerism:几何异构 h- hormone 激素hydrolysis diastereoisomer:水解非对映异构体 heterogeneous catalyst 多相催化剂， i- irrigating 冲洗 m- metabolite代谢物medication药物治疗medicine内服药mill:研磨measure 尺寸mix:混合microorganisms 微生物 o- ophthalmic 眼药 p- polysaccharide 多糖peptide 肽plosmo 血浆penicillin 青霉素， precursor:前体partition coefficient:狭义分配系数pharmaceutical 制药的 parenteral 注射药物pycogens 热源procedure:程序 q- quality 性质quantity 数量 s- steroid 笛类steric effect:空间效应stereoselectivity:^体选择性 screening:过筛sustain :维持
英语大作业
《自动化专业英语》翻译大作业 所选文字出处：选自论文《PLC的发展和应用》 班级：学号：姓名：成绩： PLC全名为可编程控制器，定义是种数字运算操作的电子系统，专为在工业环境应用而设计的，主要结构由电源，中央处理单元，存储器，输入输出接口电路，功能模块，通信模块组成。PLC具有通用性强、使用方便、适应面广、抗干扰性强、编程简单等特点，在军事、国防、航空航天、交通、工业生产中的地位，在可预见的将来中是无法取代的。PLC有很多流派，我国的PLC研发、生产和应用发展很快，尤其在应用方面更为突出。 PLC的发展历程和主要流派 在工业生产过程中，大量的开关量顺序控制，它按照逻辑条件进行顺序动作，并按照逻辑关系进行连锁保护动作的控制，及大量离散量的数据采集。传统上，这些功能是通过气动或电气控制系统来实现的。1968年美国GM（通用汽车）公司提出取代继电气控制装置的要求，第二年，美国数字公司研制出了基于集成电路和电子技术的控制装置，首次采用程序化的手段应用于电气控制，这就是第一代可编程序控制器，称Programmable Controller（PC）。个人计算机（简称PC）发展起来后，为了方便，也为了反映可编程控制器的功能特点，可编程序控制器定名为Programmable Logic Controller（PLC），现在，仍常常将PLC简称PC。PLC的定义有许多种。国际电工委员会（IEC）对PLC的定义是：可编程控制器是一种数字运算操作的电子系统，专为在工业环境下应用而设计。它采用可编程序的存贮器，用来在其内部存贮执行逻辑运算、顺序控制、定时、计数和算术运算等操作的指令，并通过数字的、模拟的输入和输出，控制各种类型的机械或生产过程。可编程序控制器及其有关设备，都应按易于与工业控制系统形成一个整体，易于扩充其功能的原则设计。上世纪80年代至90年代中期，是PLC发展最快的时期，年增长率一直保持为30~40%。在这时期，PLC在处理模拟量能力、数字运算能力、人机接口能力和网络能力得到大幅度提高，PLC逐渐进入过程控制领域，在某些应用上取代了在过程控制领域处于统治地位的DCS系统。在世界上200多家PLC厂商，400多品种的PLC产品大体可以按地域分成三个流派：一个流派是美国产品，一个流派是欧洲产品，还有一个流派是日本产品。同一地区的产品相互借鉴的比较多，相互影响比较大，技术参透比较深，面临的主要市场相同，拥护要求接近，这一切就使得同一地域的PLC产品表现出比较多的相似性。美国PLC技术的形成与欧洲PLC技术的形成是在相互隔离的情况下，独自研究开发获得的，因此美国的PLC产品与欧洲的PLC产品常表现出来明显的差异性。日本的PLC技术是由美国引进的，因此日本的产品对美国的产品有一定的继承性。世界上比较先进的PLC生产厂家有德国的的西门子、日本的三菱、美国的A-B公司等等。
专业英语作业
1、A VPN is physically public but virtually private 2、Set is a secure protocol jointly designed by Mastercard and Visa with the backing of Microsoft, Netscape, IBM, GTE, SAIC, and other companies. 3、 The physical components of a computer are collectively called hardware 4、The term payment card refers to Credit card 、Charge card 5、The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence,are being developed and perfected now. 6、In the future, we may eliminate the needs for physical money.Indeed ,we would exchange digital cash For goods and services. 7、The basic input device on a small computer is a keyboard 8、You must have seen her in her office last Friday; she's been out of town for two weeks. 9、The ability to store knowledge makes computers different from every other machine ever invented. 10、The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence,are being developed and perfected now. 11、DigiCash or E-cash is an electronic payment system developed by Dr.David Chaum, who is widely regarded as an inventor of digital cash. 12、Transaction changed to your telephone bill are called E-charge payments 13、Smart cards are cards that look like credit cards, but store information on a microprocessor chip instead of magnetic strips. 14、https://www.360docs.net/doc/1d5381258.html, is a free service that earns a profit on the transaction cost, which is money that is deposited in PayPal accounts 15、This ticket entitles you to a free meal in our new restaurant 16、Program that can destroy another computer’s programs are called viruses 17、Data and program instructions are stored in storage 18、Electronic wallets that store digital certificates are particularyly handy when you shop at a site that requests user authentication information. 19、The percentage of times an ad is clicked on based on the number of times it’s viewed is called CTR 20、The purpose of input device is to enter commands .、to input data
计算机专业英语作业及答案
计算机专业英语作业答案（供参考） 计算机专业英语作业1 第1－3章作业一．( 词汇) (一)．(写出下列词组的汉语。) 1．（）中央处理器 2 标题栏 3．操作系统4．个人计算机 5．菜单栏6．桌面排版 7．电子表格8．硬盘 9．数据库10．光标 (二)．.(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。) 1．随机存储器2．只读存储器 3．传输控制协议P 4．数字视频光盘5．通用串行总线6．计算机辅助设计7．计算机辅助制造8．中央处理器 (三)．.(根据汉语写出相应的英语。) 1．键盘2．鼠标3．扫描仪 4．打印机5．输入6．输出 7．显示器8．存储器9．数据库 10．操作系统11．应用软件 12．字处理器13．网络浏览器 二．(T) (F).(判断正误。) 1．, . (√)
2．'s . (√) 3．: . (√) 4． a 2000 . (×) 5．( ) a . (√) 6. , a . (√) 7. , ’s . (×) 8. ’t . (×) 9. . (×) 10. . (×). 三．.(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。) （一）． 1. （） a. 操作系统 2. b. 输入. 3. ( ) c. 只读存储器 4. ( ) d. 应用软件 5. e. 中央处理器 6. f. 系统软件 7. g. 硬件 8. h. 随机存储器 9. i. 内存 10. j. 输出 1．e 6. j 2．g 7．a 3．h 8. d 4．c 9. f 5．b 10. i (二) ． 1. a
2. b a 3. c 4 d a 0 1 5. e a 6. f 7. g 8. h a 9. i a 1．d 6. a 2．g 7．f 3．h 8. c 4．b 9. e 5．i 四．, . （从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空。） 1． () . , a . , . , , . , . 2. , , . , a a a , a , a , a . , , . a , , a . , 1-2-3 . a , a ( ) . 3.
网络教育英语专业 [西南大学网络教育《大学英语一》大作业答案]
1、(5) Which of the following is not true? ADick stayed at a nice hotel in the center of the city. BDick didn't work on the first night of his arrival. CDick forgot to send his wife a telegram. DDick wanted to go back to his hotel in a taxi. 正确答案C 2、题目Reading comprehension 1(4) Who would send him the name and address of his hotel? AThe manager of his hotel. BThe police office. CThe taxi driver. DHis wife.
正确答案D 3、题目Reading comprehension 1(3)Where did Dick stay in New York? A In the center of the city. BIn a hotel. CIn a restaurant. DAt his friend's house. 正确答案B 4、题目Reading comprehension 1(2) Why did his wife want a telegram from him? ABecause she didn’t know his address yet
BBecause she wanted to go to New York, too CBecause she might send him another telegram DBecause she couldn't leave her husband by himself in New York. 正确答案A 5、1) Dick flew to New York because _________. Ahe went there for a holiday Bhe had work there Che went there for sightseeing D his home was there 正确答案B
专业英语作业
1. 获取更多信息如摘要的格式和类别,请参考附上的“提交摘要说明”。 For more information such as the format and the categories of the abstract, please refer to the attached “Instructions for Submission of Abstracts”. 2. 随信寄上两份论文摘要和一份个人简历，请查收。请便中告知我是否有资格申请大会的资助。 We are enclosing two copies of paper and a resume, please check. Please inform me if there are eligible to apply for funding of the conference. 3.非常感谢你的信息和对GEC2004感兴趣。不幸的是我们对参与者不提供任何财务援助。对组织会议有很大帮助的人将会提供一些金融帮助,例如给主题演讲或教程,组织一个邀请会话等。 Thank you very much for your message and for your interest in GEC2004. Unfortunately we can’t offer any financial assistance for regular participants. There will be some financial help available only for people who give considerable help in organizing the conference, e.g. giving a keynote lecture or a tutorial, organizing an invited session, etc. 4. 感谢你的8月15日来信，邀请我去参加2003年1月25日至28日在密歇根州的Bellaire即将举行的“2003国际会议比较文学”。
数学专业英语课后答案
2.1数学、方程与比例 词组翻译 1.数学分支branches of mathematics，算数arithmetics，几何学geometry，代数学algebra，三角学trigonometry，高等数学higher mathematics，初等数学elementary mathematics，高等代数higher algebra，数学分析mathematical analysis，函数论function theory，微分方程differential equation 2.命题proposition，公理axiom，公设postulate，定义definition，定理theorem，引理lemma，推论deduction 3.形form，数number，数字numeral，数值numerical value，图形figure，公式formula，符号notation(symbol)，记法/记号sign，图表chart 4.概念conception，相等equality，成立/真true，不成立/不真untrue，等式equation，恒等式identity，条件等式equation of condition，项/术语term，集set，函数function，常数constant，方程equation，线性方程linear equation，二次方程quadratic equation 5.运算operation，加法addition，减法subtraction，乘法multiplication，除法division，证明proof，推理deduction，逻辑推理logical deduction 6.测量土地to measure land，推导定理to deduce theorems，指定的运算indicated operation，获得结论to obtain the conclusions，占据中心地位to occupy the centric place 汉译英 （1）数学来源于人类的社会实践，包括工农业的劳动，商业、军事和科学技术研究等活动。 Mathematics comes from man’s social practice, for example, industrial and agricultural production, commercial activities, military operations and scientific and technological researches. （2）如果没有运用数学，任何一个科学技术分支都不可能正常地发展。 No modern scientific and technological branches could be regularly developed without the application of mathematics. （3）符号在数学中起着非常重要的作用，它常用于表示概念和命题。 Notations are a special and powerful tool of mathematics and are used to express conceptions and propositions very often. （4）17 世纪之前，人们局限于初等数学，即几何、三角和代数，那时只考虑常数。 Before 17th century, man confined himself to the elementary mathematics, i. e. , geometry, trigonometry and algebra, in which only the constants were considered. （5）方程与算数的等式不同在于它含有可以参加运算的未知量。 Equation is different from arithmetic identity in that it contains unknown quantity which can join operations. （6）方程又称为条件等式，因为其中的未知量通常只允许取某些特定的值。Equipment is called an equation of condition in that it is true only for certain values of unknown quantities in it. （7）方程很有用，可以用它来解决许多实际应用问题。
专业英语作业
PART1: Reading How to quickly read an English paper? Metalworking Glossary Cutting Tool Engineering, November, 2000, 209-238 The metalworking glossary defines terms common to those who cut and grind metals and other materials. The terms are divided into 11 categories: 1.Manufacturing Definitions; 2.Machining Operations; 3.Machine Tools and Ancillary Equipment; 4.Cutting Tools and Related Terminology 5.Coolants, Lubricants, and Related Terminology 6.Accessories and Attachments; 7.Alloys, Coatings, Material Compositions, and Related Terminology; 8.Heat-treating and Special Processes; 9.Inspection, Measurement, and Quality Control; 10.Robotics and Automated Assembly; 11.Nontraditional Machining How to Make Use of the Linguistic Features of Scientific Papers (科技论文的语言特点) 1.Linguistic Style(语体) 科学技术领域，科技工作者的任务： 描述自然现象 分析自然现象产生的规律 研究自然现象应用于人类生产实践 的方法 表达所取得的成果及其应用 思维形式：概念、公式或公式化的概念 思维活动的语言表达：按照严格的逻辑程序导 出的判断和推理，科技文体具有抽象性、概念 性和高度的逻辑性 内容：写实 语言风格：准确严谨、合乎逻辑，非形象性(理 性)、客观性、无明显感情色彩、简洁明快。Literature 1.Conference paper 2.Journal paper 3.Lecture 4.Book (Dissertation or Thesis) 5.Report (News) 6.Manual and Specification Paper and Experimental Report: Title, Abstract, Introduction, Results and Analysis, Conclusion and Discussion Book & Lecture: Title, Author(s), Name of the process or publisher, Name of the printing House, Name of the distributor, Date of publication, Date of printing, Synopsis, Note by the publisher, International Standard Book Number, Preface or Foreword, Acknowledgements, Contents, Text of the book, Appendix or Supplement, Index, Epilogue Manual and Instructions, Directions: Principle, Operation, Maintenance 2.Vocabulary Typically Professionalized Terms Whenever a force acts on a body so as to make the body move through some distance, it is said to have done work. Body n. 身体, 肉体, 人, 尸体, 主要部分, 团体, 大量vt. 赋以形体 机械专业n. 车身,机身