非谓语动词讲解及练习

非谓语动词讲解及练习
非谓语动词讲解及练习

非谓语动词讲解及练习

一、单项选择非谓语动词

1.In response to the citizens’ concern, the government claimed ______ measures to attend to the increasingly serious smog in the past two months.

A.taking B.to take

C.having taken D.to have taken

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定结构。句意:为了回应市民的担忧,政府声称在过去的两个月里已经采取措施来应对日益严重的雾霾。claim to do声称,该用法是固定用法,“过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成”用现在完成时,故选D。

2.115.______ his love, Chris sent his mom a thank-you note on Mother’s Day. A.Expressing B.Expressed C.To express D.Having expressed

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:为了表达他的爱,克里斯在母亲节那天给他的妈妈寄了一条感谢信。用不定式表目的,故选C。

3.The airport ________ next year will help promote tourism in this area.

A.being completed B.to be completed

C.completed D.having been completed

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:考查非谓语动词。此处to be completed表将来、被动。句意:将于明年建成的机场会有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。

【名师点睛】这是考查非谓语动词做定语的用法,句中关键词next year说明动作是将要发生。而The airport和complete是被动关系,用不定式的被动做定语。

4.China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries ________ its role in international affairs.

A.recognizing B.being recognized C.to be recognized D.recognized

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查with复合结构。句意:中国的形象正在稳步提升,更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系,用现在分词,故选A。

5.More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced _____ people’s

concern over food safety.

A.to raise B.raising C.to have raised D.having raised

【答案】A

【解析】略

6.(北京) Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ________ with his students. A.to spend B.spend

C.spending D.spent

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:Jim已经退休了,但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语,空格只能填非谓语动词,逻辑主语是time,和spend之间是被动关系,故用过去分词spent。故选D项。

7.Volunteering gives you a chance _______ lives, including your own.

A.change B.changing

C.changed D.to change

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:做志愿者工作给你一个改变生活的机会,包括你自己的生活。名词chance后面通常用动词不定式作后置定语。故选D。

8.127.Everything ______ into due consideration, she eventually decided to further her education at home.

A.having taken B.to be taken C.being taken D.taken

【答案】D

【解析】考查过去分词的独立主格结构。句意:考虑到一切,她最终决定继续在家接受教育。因为本题逗号前后没有连词,所以逗号前面不能是句子。故使用独立主格结构。因为everything与take into consideration构成被动关系,故使用过去分词的形式。故D正确。【名师点睛】独立主格结构可以与状语从句互换。本句="After" everything was taken into consideration.

独立主格结构,是由“名词或代词+现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语或副词短语”构成的一种独立结构。在该结构中,名词或代词与其后的部分构成逻辑上的主谓关系,用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子。在句中作状语,表示“时间、条件、原因、伴随,方式或结果”等含义。其位置比较灵活,放于句首句末均可。

1. 名词(代词)+现在分词

The clock striking twelve, I went to bed.(表原因)

2. 名词(代词)+过去分词

He lay there on his back, his teeth set, his right hand clenched on his breast.(表伴随)

3. 名词(代词)+不定式

Here are the first three volumes, the fourth one to come out next month.(表伴随)

4. 名词(代词)+形容词短语

Her face pale with anger, she rose to go away.(表原因)

5. 名词(代词)+介词短语

Then, last night, I followed him here and climbed in, sword in hand.(表方式)

6. 名词(代词)+副词短语

Summer over, the students returned to school.(表原因)

7. 名词(代词)+名词短语

His first shot a failure, Tom fired again.(表原因)

9._______ the classroom for a whole afternoon, the monitor decided to have a rest. A.Having cleaned B.To clean

C.Cleaned D.Clean

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:整个下午打扫了教室之后,班长决定休息一下。句中clean的动作比decided早,故用完成时;the monitor和clean是主动关系,此处作状语用动词-ing形式,故此处用动词-ing形式的完成时,故选A。

10. that it was going to rain, James took a raincoat with him.

A.Seeing B.Saw

C.Seen D.To see

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:看到即将下雨,James随身带着雨衣。分析句子可知,“see that it was going to rain”作状语,see与主语James是主动关系,用现在分词表示主动关系。故选A。

11.In 1938, Pearl S. Buck became the first American woman the Nobel Prize for Literature. A.winning B.win

C.won D.to win

【答案】D

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1938年,赛珍珠成为第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国女性。中心词由序数词修饰,用不定式作后置定语,故选D。

12.John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______, he gladly accepted it. A.finished B.finishing

C.having finished D.was finished

【解析】

试题分析:句意John接到一张宴会的邀请,他的工作已经完成,他高兴地接受了。这里含有with复合结构,动作finish与his work之间是被动关系,故用过去分词,选A。

考点:考查with复合结构,X,K]

13.When ___________ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.

A.asking B.asked

C.having asked D.to be asked

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:当马克被问做教师这个职业时的看法。他说他发现这个工作是非常有趣和值得的。这里when引导的省略句,完整的是when he was asked his view about his job as a teacher,这里当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致,并且从句的谓语动词有be时,这时从句的主语与be同时省略,故选B。

考点:考查省略的用法。

点评:本题难度适中。为了使话说得简明扼要,英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象,称为省略。它是高中阶段的重要的语法项目,需要考生仔细分析句子结构,来确定省略的内容。这里考生容易误选A。

即学即练:He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship,______ is more true than any other.

A.once gained

B.when to gain

C.after gaining

D.while gaining

解析:A。考查省略句。once gained =" once" it is gained。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和谓语部分。

14. Hours of playing violent video games can affect the way the brain works, ______ damage to certain cells of brain.

A.to cause B.cause C.causing D.caused

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:考查非谓语动词。causing 现在分词作结果状语。句意:连续几个小时打暴力的电子游戏会影响大脑的工作方式,危害大脑细胞并减慢大脑的活动。故C正确。

考点:考查非谓语动词

15.Time, ________ correctly, is money in the bank.

A.to use B.used C.using D.use

【解析】

本题考察非谓语动词。根据句子结构,所填成分是对主句的补充说明,因此只能是作状语。再根据非谓作状主语应与主句一致原则,判断出use与主语time之间为被动,因此直接得出答案B。句意:时间,如果使用得当的话,就是存在银行里的钱。

16.I am so thrilled to have my underwater photos ______ in the National Geographic and on the cover!

A.to be featured B.featured C.being featured D.to feature

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:我很兴奋我的水下照片出现在《国家地理》杂志里和封面上。have sth done使某事被做,这是个固定用法。故选B。

17.---_________ makes your son feel blue today?

---_________ to watch his favourite cartoon Paw Patrol.

A.What it is that; To be forbidden B.What is that; Forbidden

C.What is it that; Being forbidden D.That is what; Having forbidden

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查强调句型和非谓语动词。句意:——是什么让你儿子今天心情不好?——不让他看他最喜欢的卡通《狗狗巡逻队》。分析句子结构可知,第一空为强调句型的特殊疑问句,即:疑问词What+ it is+ that+其余部分;第二空为非谓语动词,作主语用动名词,且son与forbide之间是被动关系,所以用Being forbidden,故C项正确。

【点睛】

注意强调句型的特殊疑问句形式为:疑问词+ it is+ that+其余部分,根据句意“是什么让你儿子今天心情不好?”判断疑问词用what,即:What is it that makes your son feel blue today?

18.________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.

A.To enjoy B.Enjoying C.To have enjoyed D.Enjoy

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:为了享受数字支付的方便,很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。此处用不定式表目的,故选A。

19.--You’ve made great progress in your studies of English, haven’t you?

-- Yes, but much________.

A.remains to do B.is remained to do

C.is remained to be done D.remains to be done

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:—你的英语学习取得了很大的进步,是吗?—是的,但还有很多工作要做。根据句意和结构可知remain表示“仍然”,不能用被动语态,而且much和do

是被动关系,表示将要发生的事情,用不定式,因此应使用不定式的被动式。故选D。

20.(重庆) Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way__________ the sun and the stars. A.used B.having used

C.using D.use

【答案】C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:象古代的水手,鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。谓语动词是can find,故use用非谓动词作伴随状语,与逻辑主语birds是主动关系,用现在分词做伴随状语,根据句意,use这一动作与谓语动词动作同时,用现在分词的一般式。故选C。【点睛】

伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生,它的特点是:它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的,这个考点在高考中经常出现,本题考查的是分词做伴随状语,分为现在分词和过去分词,现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系,即表示主动意义;而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系,即被动意义;He sen me an e-mail hoping to ge further information 他给我发一封电子邮件,希望得到更多的信息; He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards. 他匆忙进了大厅,后面跟着两个警卫。

21.His food ______, the man had to come out of his hiding place.

A.run out B.was run out

C.running out D.using up

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语和现在分词的独立主格结构。句意:食物快吃完了,那人不得不从藏身之处

出来。动词短语:run out“用完,耗尽”,相当于不及物动词;use up“用完,耗尽”,相当于及物动词。分析句子结构,这里既不是并列句也不是从句,此处His food和run out之间是主动关系,是现在分词的独立主格结构,如果用use up,则必须用过去分词used up的形式。故选C。

22.There is a great deal of evidence _______ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.

A.indicate B.indicating C.to indicate D.to be indicating 【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:有大量证据表明,音乐活动时会调用大脑的不同部位。本题为there be 句型主语为evidence,indicate作定语,修饰evidence,而"evidence"与"indicate "之间构成主动关系,用现在分词indicating做定语修饰evidence,故选B。

23.(2009·陕西高考)I still remember________to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. A.to take B.to be taken

C.taking D.being taken

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:我仍旧记得被带去法门寺和在那里看到的。remember to do sth.“记得要做某事(该动作未发生)”;remember doing sth.“记得做过某事(该动作已经发生)”。依据后文的“what I saw there”可知这里说的是记得已经发生的动作;再者take的宾语就是句子的主语,二者之间是动宾关系,应用被动形式,所以选being taken。故选D。

24.Look over there—there’s a very long,winding path ____up to the house.

A.leading B.leads

C.led D.to lead

【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:看那儿——有一条很长的蜿蜒通向房子的小路。横线部分做定语修饰path,因为 Path与lead to构成主动关系,使用现在分词来修饰path。故选A。

25.The park was full of people, ________ themselves in the sunshine.

A.having enjoyed B.enjoyed

C.enjoying D.to enjoy

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:公园里挤满了人,在阳光下尽情享受。enjoy和前面没有连接词,和句子主语之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词做伴随状语。故选C。

26.When I got home I saw a message pinned to the door ____ “Sorry to miss you, will

call you later.”

A.read B.reading C.reads D.to read

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:当我回家的时候,我看见别在门上的便条,上面写着“很遗憾错过了你,我会再打电话的。”read与message是逻辑主谓关系,意为“便条上写着”,应使用现在分词做定语,表主动。故选B。

27.In the library you can use your own computer to connect to Wi-Fi specially _____ for readers.

A.preparing B.to prepare

C.prepared D.prepare

【答案】C

【解析】

考查过去分词。句意:在这个图书馆,你能用你自己的电脑连接特别为读者准备的Wi-Fi。此处是过去分词做后置定语,故选C。

28.The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already __________ for a meal to be cooked.

A.laid B.laying

C.to lay D.being laid

【答案】A

【解析】

with + 宾语 + 动词-ing 形式(即现在分词)表示动词 -ing 形式表示动作正在发生;with + 宾语 + 动词不定式表示一个动作过程或即将发生的动作;with + 宾语 + 过去分词表达被动含义。句意:客厅干净而整洁,餐桌已经为要做的饭准备好了。选A。

考点:考查非谓语动词。

29.________ the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks.

A.Not completing B.Not completed

C.Not having completed D.Having not completed

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:考查现在分词的完成式做状语,因为他们是先没有完成任务,然后不得不在这儿再待两个星期。表示从句的动作先于主句的动作,要用现在分词的完成式,否定式是:not having done。选C。

考点:考查现在分词的完成式做状语,

点评:分词做状语的时候,如果动词与名词构成主动关系,就使用现在分词的形式;如果二者构成被动关系就使用过去分词的形式。如果从句的动作先于主句的动作,要用现在分词的完成式

30.——Can I smoke here? ——Sorry. We don’t allow _______here.

A.people smoking B.people smoke C.to smoke D.smoking

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:--我可以在这里吸烟吗?---对不起,我们不允许在这里吸烟。allow sb to do 允许某人做某事;allow doing允许做某事。根据句意故选D。

考点:考查冠词的用法。

非谓语动词讲解(超全)95231

非谓语动词讲解 非谓语动词: a.动词不定式 b.动名词 c.分词( 现在分词过去分词) 概述:1.谓语动词:在句子中担任谓语的动词 2.非谓语动词:是动词的特殊形式,在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分 非谓语动词使用条件 一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 动词不定式 一.动词不定式的时态和被动形式 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种:1.一般式to do 例如:I like to read English. 2.进行式to be doing 例如:He seemed to be reading something at that time. 3.完成式to have done 例如:He seemed to have cleaned the room. 4.被动式to be done 例如:The work is to be done soon. 5.完成被动式to have been done 例如:The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday. 二. 动词不定式的用法 I.作主语 (1)不定式做主语时,可以直接放在谓语动词之前。 To see is to believe.Not to get there in time is your fault. (2)注:常用it做形式主语,将to do放在位于之后,使句子保持平衡。 句型1:It + 谓语+ to do It takes us an hour _to__ get there by bus.

非谓语动词全面讲解

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