牛津9A Unit 3 重点词汇解析

牛津9A Unit 3 重点词汇解析

■江苏李建高

1. refuse

【解析】refuse既可作不及物动词，也可作及物动词，意为“拒绝，不愿”。refuse作及物动词时，其后可接名词、代词或动词不定式。refuse to do sth. 表示“拒绝做某事，不愿做某事”。如：He asked her to marry him but she refused. 他向她求婚，可是她拒绝了。

I really didn’t want to refuse his help, but I still did. 我并不想拒绝他的帮助，但我还是拒绝了。I don’t think she’ll refuse me. 我想她不会拒绝我的。He refuses to do any extra work. 他拒绝做任何额外的工作。

【练一练】根据提示，完成句子。

⑴我们邀请他来参加我们的聚会，但他拒绝了。

We invited him to come to our party, but he ______.

⑵Daniel refused ______ his bike yesterday.

A. to let me ride

B. me to ride

C. my riding

D. that I should ride

2. receive & accept

【辨析】receive和accept都有“收到”的意思。但receive只表示客观上“收到(某物)”，是被动“收到、接到”，与主观愿望无关，而accept表示主观上“乐意接受(某物)”，强调主动或自愿“接受”，或者说是经过考虑后同意接收。如：

I received a letter from my parents yesterday. 昨天我收到父母的来信。

I cannot accept the fact that I didn’t pass the examination. 我无法接受考试不及格的事实。

【练一练】用receive或accept填空。

⑴If she _____ the doctor’s advice, I’m sure she will get healthier.

⑵I _____ an e-mail from my parents yesterday.

3. hardly

【解析】hardly作副词，意为“几乎不”，常用在any, ever, anybody等词的前面。此外，hardly是表示否定意义的词，它后面的附加疑问句要用肯定形式。如：

He was so excited that he could hardly say anything. 他激动得几乎说不出话了。

There was hardly any soup in the bowl. 碗里几乎没有汤了。

She could hardly speak any English at that time, could she? 那时她几乎不会说英语，是吗？

【练一练】选择填空。

⑴I can ______ believe that he works so ______.

A. hardly; hardly

B. hard; hard

C. hardly; hard

D. hard; hardly

⑵— Can you catch what I said?

— Sorry, I can ______ understand it.

A. almost

B. hardly

C. nearly

D. never

⑶They hardly did ______ yesterday, ______ they?

A. something; did

B. something; didn’t

C. anything; did

D. anything; didn’t

4. doubt

【解析】doubt作动词或名词，意为“怀疑，不相信”。doubt作动词，通常含有否定意味，还表示“没有把握，拿不准”，其宾语可以是名词、代词或名词性从句。值得注意的是，主句为肯定句时，doubt后的从句用whether或if引导；主句为否定句或疑问句时，doubt 后的从句用that引导。如：

You can ask him if you doubt my words. 如果你怀疑我说的话，你可以去问他。

How could you ever doubt me? 怎么你从来不信任我？

We all doubt whether / if he can do the job well. 我们都怀疑他是否能把这项工作做好。

I don’t doubt that he will accept the money at once. 我毫不怀疑他会立刻接受那些钱。

Do you doubt that they will win the game? 你对他们会赢得比赛有所怀疑吗？

Please dismiss all doubts about it. 请打消对此的一切顾虑。

【练一练】选择填空。

⑴—The meeting has begun and ______ he will come.

—Of course. He is sure to come. He’ll speak at the meeting.

A. I believe

B. I hope

C. I think

D. I doubt if

⑵There is no doubt ______ he is guilty.

A. whether

B. if

C. when

D. that

5. worth

【解析】worth作形容词，意为“值得……；价值……”，只能作表语，但不可单独作表语，后面必须跟名词、代词、v.-ing形式或what引导的从句等。be (well) worth doing sth. 表示“(很，非常)值得做某事”；be worth it表示“有意义；有作用”。如：

The party was successful, and worth the hard work. 晚会成功了，努力没有白费。

What is the pen worth? = How much is the pen worth? 钢笔值多少钱？

It isn’t worth what you paid for that. 那个你买贵了。

The novel is well worth reading. 这部小说非常值得一读。

It was hard work, but it was worth it. 虽然这是繁重的活儿，但是有意义。

【知识链接】worth还可作名词，意为“价值”。(be) of worth表示“有价值的，值钱的”；还有be of little worth, be of no worth“不值钱的，无价值的”等。如：

I know his worth. 我了解他这个人的价值。

A college education will be of great worth to you later. 在大学受的教育对你今后会大有帮助。

【练一练】选择填空。

⑴—Do you think the report was worth ______?

—Yes, I think so.

A. listening

B. listening to

C. to listen

D. to listen to

⑵The book is not ______ what we paid.

A. worth

B. value

C. cost

D. expensive

⑶I don’t think that your watch is ______.

A. worthy of the price

B. worth of the price

C. worth the price

D. worthy to buy

⑷I won’t pay $50 for the bag; it’s not worth ______.

A. that all

B. all that much

C. much all that

D. that much all

6. allow

【解析】allow作及物动词，意为“允许，许可”，常见用法有：⑴allow sb. to do sth. 表示“允许某人做某事”；⑵当allow后面没有代词作宾语时，要用allow doing sth. 结构，意为“允许做某事”；⑶be allowed to do sth. 表示“被允许做某事”，其中不定式不能改为v.-ing 形式；⑷allow后可接双宾语。如：

Please allow me to introduce my good friend to you. 请允许我把我的好朋友介绍给你。

We don’t allow cheating i n exams. 我们不允许考试作弊。

Girls are not allowed out at night alone. 女孩在晚上不许单独外出。

Please allow me a few more minutes. 请再多给我几分钟。

【练一练】根据汉语提示，完成句子。

⑴妈妈允许我买本故事书。

Mother ______ ______ ______ ______ a story book.

⑵我们不允许在医院吸烟。

We ______ ______ ______ in the hospital.

⑶在课堂上大声喧哗是不被允许的。

We ______ ______ ______ ______ loudly in class.

7. notice

【解析】notice作动词，意为“注意，察觉”。notice sb. do / doing sth. 表示“注意到某人做了某事/正在做某事”，notice后面还可以跟宾语从句。如：

Did you notice her hair? It was long and straight. 你注意到她的头发了吗？它长而且直。

— What did the young man look like? 那个年轻人长什么模样？

—I’m sorry I didn’t notice. 对不起，我没有留神到。

I noticed him enter the office. 我看到他进了办公室。

I noticed the man running to the car. 我看到那个男的正在向车跑去。

I noticed that he was wearing a blue shirt that day. 我注意到那天他穿着一件蓝色的衬衫。

【知识链接】notice还可作名词，意为“注意；布告，通知”。take notice of sb. / sth. 表示“注意某人/某物”。如：

He passed by me without taking notice of me. 他从我身旁走过，没有注意到我。

There’s a notice on the blackboard. Let’s go and see. 黑板上贴了通知。咱们去看看。

【练一练】用notice的适当形式完成句子。

⑴You ______ when he came in, did you?

⑵The ______ said that there would be a field trip next month.

8. pleasure

【解析】pleasure作名词，表示“愉快，高兴，乐意”时是不可数名词；表示“乐事”时是可数名词。当别人对你表示感谢时，常用“It’s a / my pleasure.”来回答，意为“不客气”。with pleasure表示“愉快地，十分愿意”。如：

It gave me much pleasure to be with you. 和你在一起给了我许多快乐。

It is a pleasure to work with you. 和您一起工作真是件令人高兴的事。

— Thank you for helping me so much. 谢谢你帮助我这么多。

—It’s my pleasure. 不客气。

【练一练】选择填空。

⑴—Did you have ______ good time yesterday afternoon?

—Yes. It is ______ pleasure to fly kites on sunny spring days.

A. a; a

B. the; a

C. a; the

D. a; /

⑵—Please take these letters to ______ post office, Jack.

—With ______ pleasure, Dad.

A. a; the

B. the; a

C. a; /

D. the; /

⑶—It’s been a good evening. Thank you very much.

—______.

A. My pleasure

B. I’m glad to hear that

C. No, thanks

D. It’s OK

9. suffer

【解析】suffer作不及物动词，意为“(因疾病、磨难等)受苦，受难”。suffer from (doing) sth. 表示“因(做)某事而受苦，受折磨”，其后常接表示疾病、痛苦、寒冷、饥饿、悲伤等的词语。如：

We all have to suffer at some time in our lives. 我们一生都不免有受苦的时候。

She suffered much from toothache. 她牙痛得厉害。

My family suffered from not having enough food when I was young. 当我小的时候，我的全家都苦于没有足够的食物吃。

【练一练】选择填空。

The poor child suffered a great deal ______ cold and hunger.

A. of

B. on

C. to

D. from

10. though

【解析】though作连词，意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可与yet, still连用。Though引导的让步状语从句可放在主句前，也可放在主句后，但although引导让步状语从句总是置于句首。如：

Though / Although the old man was very poor, (yet) he donated all his money in his pocket to the people in Wenchuan.

= The old man donated all his money in his pocket to the people in Wenchun, though he was very poor. 尽管老人很穷，但他仍把口袋里的钱捐给了汶川的人民。

【练一练】选择填空。

______ our football match failed in the match, we did out best.

A. Though

B. As

C. But

D. Because

Key:1. ⑴refused ⑵ A 2. ⑴accepts ⑵received 3. ⑴ A ⑵ B ⑶ C 4.

⑴ D ⑵ D 5. ⑴ B ⑵ A ⑶ C ⑷ B 6. ⑴allowed me to buy ⑵don’t allow smoking ⑶aren’t allowed to talk 7. ⑴didn’t notice ⑵notice 8. ⑴A ⑵D ⑶A 9.

D 10. A