短文改错专练(学生)

短文改错

短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性试题，主要考查学生识别错误并改正错误的能力和在语篇中综合运用英语的准确性以及熟练程度，它能全面地考查学生对语言的评价与校正能力以及对词汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力。错误类型一般有：缺词、多词和错词。即：缺词__________、多词__________、错词__________。

一、短文改错的常见错误类型：

1.常见词法错误，主要包括______________________________________等词类误用、同义词混淆使用、固定搭配等方面。根据句子成分分析句子结构和具体词的含义从而作出正确的判断是解答此类试题的关键。

(1) 动词。设错的一般形式有：_________________、_________________、_________________、_________________、______________________________等。

e.g. 1. I will send you the photos we take last week.

2. The colour TV sets produced in their factory are selling to several countries.

3. Nobody except my parents know anything about it.

4. The bike outside is belonged to him.

5. They have got in touch with each other for a year.

6. They were made do the job from morning till night.

7. When everything ready, the party began.

(2) 名词。主要是对可数名词的___________、___________、_________、名词作定语的考查。

e.g. 1. The professor gave us some good advices.

2. The next day he came to borrow a book of my father.

3. The woman teachers are dancing in the hall.

(3) 冠词。主要是从________________中冠词的误用、冠词漏用、不定冠词a 和an 的误用等方面进行考查。

e.g. 1.He is playing piano now.

2. The old man died of thecancer.

3.She is such a honest boy that all of us like her.

(4) 形容词、副词。常见的考点有：形容词和副词原级的误用及修饰、形容词和副词比较等

级的误用、比较等级修饰语的误用等。形容词修饰__________，副词修饰_______________________________________________，表加深程度、或置于句子开头表语气。

e.g. 1.What he said sounded quite perfectly.

2. I was angry, but they were very angrier.

(5) 代词。常见的考点有：_________________与_________________的误用、_________________的误用等。此类试题解答的关键是准确把握行文逻辑关系。

e.g.1 He and his children felt tired but neither of them would stop for a rest.

2. The twins didn’t do his homework yesterday.

(6) 介词。主要考查介词的_________________或_________________。

e.g. 1. I disagree him about how we ought to deal with the matter.

2. Last Sunday we took a bus to visit to a factory.

2.常见句法错误。通常表现为___________、___________以及___________、___________、___________和___________等错误。解答此类试题时，对句子结构分析正确很关键。

(1) 简单句。考查主要以基本的句型为主；

句型一：______________________________________________________________

句型二：______________________________________________________________

句型三：______________________________________________________________

句型四：______________________________________________________________

句型五：______________________________________________________________

e.g. 1. His words made all of us were happy.

2. There had a discussion on how to solve the problem yesterday.

(2) 强调句，考查其基本的句型结构，即“____________________________________________”

e.g. 1.It was at midnight when I went home yesterday.

2. What is it you want me to say?

(3) 复合句，主要对状语从句、定语从句、名词性从句等的考查。解题的关键是在读懂句意的基础上判断它属于什么从句。

e.g. 1. When he was a little boy, his mother was very poor that she had to send him to a rich family.

2. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through it he could climb out.

3.常见行文逻辑错误。多为前后句之间和上下文中的逻辑错误。很多情况下，在短文改错试题中，判断错误不能只从某个词或句子本身看，而要从上下文、乃至整篇文章去理解。这属于对文章逻辑关系的考查，这就要求我们做题时要准确把握文章的意思、内在的逻辑关系、篇章结构等。

二、短文改错的解题步骤

1.通读全文，了解短文的中心意思，把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑。尤其是行文逻辑方面的错误，有时孤立地分析某个句子，其结构正确、语义通顺、无错可改。有时孤立地读一个单句时是没有错误的（或是不易看出错误）。但是，如果联系上下文，就会发现该句的问题所在。

2.分句阅读，逐句找错。

在读懂文章之后，要逐句逐行地找错。分析每个句子在句法、语法、行文逻辑等方面是否有错，要做到逐行分析，不可遗漏，句与句之间要注意连词的用法，具体注意以下几点：

(1)整篇文章的语态与时态，时态的前后______________。

(2)名词的数与格，名词前该不该用______________，用______________。

(3)习语结构搭配是否完整有无缺少或多余______________、副词现象。

(4)非谓语动词（_________________________________________）的形式运用是否正确。

(5) ______________与______________的用法是否贴切，名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句等的结构与用法。

(6)代词的用法与结构是否正确。______________以及_______作形式主语或形式宾语的用法。

(7) ___________________及其比较级、最高级是否混用。

(8)行文逻辑的______________。

3.检查核对，注意方法。

最后浏览改后的全文，看全篇是否通顺，一般增加和删除的各占一处，其余均为修改，每句最多两处错误。另外还要严格按照规范的方法和格式要求去答题。

练习：

（1）Dear Sir or Madam,

I see your advertisement in a student magazine and I'm interesting to know more about you diving courses. First of all, I should explain that although I can swim I'm not very confident I the water. But you mentioned your advertisement that your instructors are full qualified. Thus I believe they'll be able to teach someone as me to dive. I have one week's holiday in the three week of June and would like to know thatif there’s a course running at that time. How much does a week's course worth? Finally, if I decide to go ahead, are there any special equipment I need to buy or is everything provided by your company? I am looking forward to hear from you.

Sincerely yours,

Tom

（2）I often quarrel about my mother over whether I can watch TV after school. She holds view that senior three students have to make fully use of every minute to work hard at their lessons. It seems to me that once I am allowed to do that, I’ll unable to control myself and forget all about my study. She also thinks it is b ad for my eye. But I really can’t accept her ideas. In my opinion, watch TV can set my mind at rest after a day’s hard works. Besides, it is important for us to know what had happened at home and at abroad. Thus, we shouldn’t be forbidden to watch TV.

（3）Attentions, please. 0n Saturday evening there is a talk by a well-known America writer, Sura Jones. You may read her latest novel. It’s in all the bookshops at the moment. Well, a talk will be given at 8 pm on Saturday evening in the library. That’s the building next to Allen Hall, the English Department Building. Miss Jones has just returned back from Africa and will talk about all her experience there. She traveled through three different countries and meet lots of interesting people. Now I’d like to r emind you that the talk is for everyone, not just to the fourth-years students. I’m sure the talk will be interesting and hope you all have great time.

（4）Dear Ms Smith,

I am secretary of the City Student Union (CSU). We were organizing an art exhibition for high school students in city. This will be held on the 9th of July in the Exhibition Hall of Beihai. More than 1000 painting will be on show, but high school students and teachers from all the eight districts will come to the event. As you are very popularly with us Chinese high shchool students, we’d like to invite foryou to the exhibition. We would be grateful when you could join them that day. Looking forward to hear from you soon.

Yours,

Lucy